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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Choice (Philosophy)'

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Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gustafsson, Johan E. "Preference and Choice." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Filosofi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34690.

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Wells, Ian (Ian T. ). "Evidence and choice." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113773.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-84).<br>This dissertation defends causal decision theory and argues against its main rival, evidential decision theory. In Chapter 1, I introduce a decision problem in which evidentialists end up predictably worse off, on average, than causalists. This result is surprising since comparisons of average welfare have traditionally been taken to support evidential decision theory and undermine causal decisio

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3

Wilkinson, T. M. "Liberalism, socialism and occupational choice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334836.

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Hedden, Brian (Brian Robert). "Consistency in choice and credence." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77798.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2012.<br>"September 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).<br>This thesis concerns epistemic and practical rationality. That is, it is about what to believe and what to do. In Chapter 1, 1 argue that theories of practical rationality should be understood as evaluating decisions as opposed to ordinary sorts of non-mental actions. In Chapter 2, I use the machinery developed in Chapter 1 to rebut 'Money Pump' or 'Diachronic Dutch Book' arguments, wh

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Woodford, Nicole Frances. "Moral luck : control, choice, and virtue." Thesis, University of Hull, 2016. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15196.

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In this thesis I propose a solution to the problem of moral luck. It is sometimes assumed that luck has no bearing on morality. However, Bernard Williams and Thomas Nagel, in their papers entitled ‘Moral Luck’, show how this assumption could be erroneous. When making moral judgements it is usually thought that we abide by the ‘Control Principle’. This principle requires any moral judgements about an individual to be made only in cases where they were in control of their actions. The problem of moral luck arises because many moral judgements appear to contradict the Control Principle. My aims i

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Schmidt, Erik Wolfgang Stocker Michael. "Beyond comparison: incomparability and the psychology of choice." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Braynen, William. "Beyond Price Signaling: Choice, Information and Justice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/238657.

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This dissertation explores the role of information in justice, with an eye to taking choice seriously. Information is neither free nor ubiquitous, as has been obvious to economists for some time. Related puzzles are also prominent in epistemology and cognitive science, from framing effects to "fast and frugal heuristics". I import these concerns into distributive justice theory. One important goal of justice theory is to formulate what makes a socioeconomic institution just or unjust and provide criteria for judging whether one distribution of benefits and burdens is less unjust than another

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Haufe, Carly E. "Contingency, Choice and Consensus in James Joyce's Ulysses." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1428665589.

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9

Madiraju, Santhosh Kumar. "Discourse on rationality : rational choice and critical theory." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6102/.

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The thesis contrasts two hostile and divergent intellectual paradigms in social sciences: rational choice and critical theory. Both rational choice and critical theory offer contrasting perspectives on the structures of social interaction. However, both critical theory and rational choice theory share overlapping concerns ie., both are preoccupied with determining what rational can mean in the realm of social and political interaction. In the case of rational choice paradigm, instrumental reason forms the cornerstone of the theoretical edifice. Ever since the publication of Jurgen Habermas' Th

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Moore, Willem. "Patient autonomy and evidence-based choice – philosophical and ethical perspectives." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1393.

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Thesis (DPhil (Philosophy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study involves a critically evaluation of evidence-based patient choice as partnership model in clinical decision making. It pays attention to the emergence of the concept of autonomy in modern moral philosophy and in particular to the pivotal contributions of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill in this regard. Against this background, it elaborates on the ethical principle of respect for autonomy, informed consent as paradigm for patient autonomy in clinical decision making, the conflicts that arise betwee

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Wolfson, Kevin. "Existential Doubt, The Burden of Choice, and Contemporary Nihilism in the 21st Century." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1663.

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This thesis seeks to identify, explain, and differentiate the problems of existential doubt and the burden of choice in today’s world versus the previous epochs of human existence. It will attempt to discern the relevant differences in the types of existential doubt, illustrate how these differences came about, and analyze the strength of a potential solution to these problems. My aim is to critique Dreyfus and Kelly’s portrayal and solution to these problems in a way that can further promulgate discussion on an increasingly relevant topic in philosophy, mental health, and science. The conclus

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Sofaer, Neema 1972. "Economic inequalities and choice : a reassessment of Ronald Dworkin's theory of distributive justice." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28605.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-196).<br>This dissertation proposes a new reading and appraisal of an important theory of distributive justice, Ronald Dworkin's "Equality of Resources" (ER). ER is traditional in holding that choices made by rational, ignorant and purely self-interested beings are relevant to distributive justice. ER is novel both in its use of such choices and in incorporating the (previously exclusively conservative) idea that one's success is largely one's own re

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Kleinplatz, Peggy Joy. "The impact of gender-role identity, conformity and choice on women's self-esteem, lifestyle satisfaction and conflict." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5344.

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Pontin, Fabricio. "CONSTITUTING THE POLITICAL: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON POLITICAL LIBERALISM." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/777.

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In this thesis I will attempt to develop a phenomenological account for Political Liberalism. My hypothesis is that a re-articulation of the main issues in transcendental phenomenology as it relates to social philosophy, first in a genetic sense (as developed by Alfred Schutz), but also in a generative context (as developed by Bernhard Waldenfels), provides us with a methodological ground that can instigate a more complex account for the questions of social choice and the way in which we establish preferences. My thesis is that such a complex account of social choice can motivate us to focus o

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Bartleman, Laurent William. "Intangible security : choice of law rules for intangible secured financing under the Uniform commercial code." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98602.

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Recent revisions to Articles 9 and 1 of the Uniform Commercial Code (the "UCC") have proposed new intangible secured financing choice of law rules. These choices of law rules contain rules that represent all three major schools of thought in the field of conflicts of laws: multilateralism, substantivism and unilateralism. This thesis examines the new rules by analysing them in the context of the strengths and weakness of these schools of thought and in light of the requirements of a secured financing system. On the whole the strong mulitlateralist focus of the majority of the rules provides a

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Walsh, Jean 1975. "The student-teacher dialogue : an autobiographical discussion of choice, possibility and the teaching-self in the process of becoming." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31147.

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This thesis is an investigation of the relationship between education, freedom and the teaching self. Adopting the paradigm of qualitative research, it integrates an autobiographical perspective in which, drawing on the author's experience and perceptions of the shortcomings of traditional teaching attitudes and practices, the thesis aims to explore concepts and approaches which identify possible educational alternatives. The writings of educational philosopher, Maxine Greene, provide the theoretical framework for this study. Based on central themes identified in her work, a theoretical analys

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Williams, Jennifer Mae. "More Plants, Less Animals| Reducing Beef and Dairy Consumption as a Water Conservation Choice." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10641069.

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<p> The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of water-conscious residents’ thought processes that may lead to behavioral and attitudinal changes when introduced to information that increased their awareness of the amount of water used by the beef and dairy industry in Arizona. A total liberation framework rooted in critical animal studies provided the theoretical foundation for explaining how speciesism and carnism support the power structures of the animal industrial complex and how cognitive dissonance theory may affect future efforts toward engaging more people

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Enflo, Karin. "Measures of Freedom of Choice." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för praktisk filosofi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179078.

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This thesis studies the problem of measuring freedom of choice. It analyzes the concept of freedom of choice, discusses conditions that a measure should satisfy, and introduces a new class of measures that uniquely satisfy ten proposed conditions. The study uses a decision-theoretical model to represent situations of choice and a metric space model to represent differences between options. The first part of the thesis analyzes the concept of freedom of choice. Different conceptions of freedom of choice are categorized into evaluative and non-evaluative, as well as preference-dependent and pref

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Mounk, Yascha B. "The Age of Responsibility: On the Role of Choice, Luck and Personal Responsibility in Contemporary Politics and Philosophy." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:14226053.

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The value of “personal responsibility” increasingly stands at the center of contemporary discussions about distributive justice and the welfare state. While deep disagreements about who is responsible for which acts and outcomes persist, a wide range of thinkers accepts the normative premise that an individual’s claim to assistance from the collectivity should depend, in part, on whether or not they have acted “responsibly” in the past. Drawing on the recent history of moral and political philosophy, the social sciences, and political rhetoric, I argue that the current consensus around what

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Jones, Ida Amelia. "Translating opinions an investigation into the effect of word choice on reader perception /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.

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Rumpza, Laci Marie. "Borderline Personality Disorder: The Frequency of Disclosure and the Choice to Disclose." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/501.

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The goals of this study were threefold: (1) to identify what percentage of psychologists and clinical social workers disclose the diagnostic label BPD to their patients, (2) to identify factors that influence disclosure, and (3) to gather data about the choice to disclose or not to disclose. The MUM effect was used as the theoretical framework. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design including an online survey was used during the first phase. A total of 125 psychologists and 45 social workers participated in the Phase 1 of the study. The majority of participants stated that they either a

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Holst, Oscar. "Becoming The Chosen One : The Choice, Identity and Destiny of Harry Potter." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-897.

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<p>The paper examines the philosophical themes of Free Will as opposed to Determinism/Predestination and how they are portrayed in the seven books about Harry Potter. It is discussed whether the character of Harry Potter, but also the world itself in which he acts, seem to be governed primarily by forces of Free Will and/or Determinism. The author concludes that though Harry is indeed strongly tempted to believe in Determinism, influential figures around him direct him towards a different choice - making himself believe in Free Will instead.</p>

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Wilson, Robyn Suzanne. "What motivates choice? Behavioral decision theory for environmental policy and management /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164665160.

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Harris, Heidi. "Parental Choice and Perceived Benefits of Reggio Emilia Inspired Programs." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5717.

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Despite credible research to support a constructivist-based approach in early childhood programs, policymakers continued to push for a more academic-based philosophy in an effort to reach standardized testing goals. Reggio Emilia, a constructivist-based early childhood philosophy that originated in Northern Italy, has been shown to be an excellent model to facilitate optimum learning in young children. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to investigate parental experiences when choosing the constructivist-based early childhood program, Reggio Emilia, for their children and to explor

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Brauer, Ethan. "The Modal Logic of Potential Infinity, With an Application to Free Choice Sequences." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587216423924702.

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Heidenreich, Sebastian. "Do I care or do I not? : an empirical assessment of decision heuristics in discrete choice experiments." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=229468.

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Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are widely used across economic disciplines to value multi-attribute commodities. DCEs ask survey-respondents to choose between mutually exclusive hypothetical alternatives that are described by a set of common attributes. The analysis of DCE data assumes that respondents consider and trade all attributes before making these choices. However, several studies show that many respondents ignore attributes. Respondents might choose not to consider all attributes to simplify choices or as a preference, because some attributes are not important to them. However, em

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Hellman, Leslie G. "Lab Aliens, Legendary Fossils, and Deadly Science Potions| Views of Science and Scientists from Fifth Graders in a Free-Choice Creative Writing Program." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10606696.

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<p> This qualitative study uses children’s writing to explore the divide between a conception of Science as a humanistic discipline reliant on creativity, ingenuity and out of the box thinking and a persistent public perception of science and scientists as rigid and methodical. Artifacts reviewed were 506 scripts written during 2014 and 2016 by 5th graders participating in an out-of classroom, mentor supported, free-choice 10-week arts and literacy initiative. 47% (237) of these scripts were found to contain content relating to Science, Scientists, Science Education and the Nature of Sci

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Nebel, Jonathan. "A puzzle about economic explanation: examining the Cournot and Bertrand models of duopoly competition." Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18964.

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Master of Arts<br>Department of Economics<br>Peri da Silva<br>Economists use various models to explain why it is that firms are capable of pricing above marginal cost. In this paper, we will examine two of them: the Cournot and Bertrand duopoly models. Economists generally accept both models as good explanations of the phenomenon, but the two models contradict each other in various important ways. The puzzle is that two inconsistent explanations are both regarded as good explanations for the same phenomenon. This becomes especially worrisome when the two models are offering divergent policy re

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Dravecký, Pavol. "Tracing concepts of human choice and the body in Christian political scholarship." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10969.

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This work attempts to identify the sources of the difference between the Christian Left and Right; How is it possible that people who share such a detailed creed can be so strictly opposed when it comes to politics? My hypothesis is that the conflict is engendered by different conceptions of will and the body. To test this hypothesis, I first present a brief history of the relationship between Christianity and politics up to the present state of the Christian versions of Right and Left, to finally find that while their understanding of human will is virtually identical, the human body is seen

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Rasoal, Dara. "Dödshjälp- ett hot mot välfärden eller en möjlighet?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175311.

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In parallel with medical developments, the debate on euthanasia has gained new momentumin the Western world. Many countries have now legalized various forms of euthanasia, whileothers are investigating the issue. Euthanasia has been described as a difficult issue with manydimensions and worldwide there is no consensus among philosophers. The question ofeuthanasia may be relevant in the various cases where patients suffer and experienceunnecessary pain due to various diseases. The consequence of a bodily pain can lead toexistential thoughts about the meaning of life in these people. People who

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Latta, Megan T. "A Question of Values: Overpopulation and Our Choice Between Procreative Rights and Security-Survival." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/746.

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This thesis analyzes the beliefs of population theorist Julian L. Simon through the creation of a harm principle. It specifically analyzes his argument that we value our freedom to choose how many children we want above all other values in the context of overpopulation and environmental destruction. The developed harm principle is meant to give us a method to decide how to balance our personal freedom with our security-survival. I begin with an overview of Simon’s work, as well as an exposition of other prominent population theorists. I then propose a principle that is a utilitarian alternativ

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Rosenquist, Joachim. "Pluralism and unity in education : on education for democratic citizenship and personal autonomy in a pluralist society." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15487.

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The overarching theme of this thesis concerns the possibility of balancing the values of unity and pluralism in education in developed nation states characterized by an increasing pluralism when it comes to the beliefs and values of its citizens. The author suggests that democracy has a normative basis in the principle of reciprocity which can be supported in an overlapping consensus by reasonable persons who differ in their moral, religious and philosophical beliefs. It is argued that this basis mandates a deliberative kind of democracy and that certain implications follow for how to understa

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Garcia, Manon. "Consentir à sa soumission : un problème philosophique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H207.

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Cette thèse a pour ambition de résoudre le problème central de la philosophie morale et politique qu'est celui du consentement à la soumission par la construction d'un concept philosophique de soumission et par la résolution du problème dans le cadre de la soumission féminine. Nous montrons 1/ que l'étude de la soumission est nécessaire à une théorie du pouvoir, qu'elle implique de changer de perspective pour adopter le point de vue de ceux sur qui le pouvoir s'exerce et décrire leur expérience, mais qu'elle semble contradictoire avec la liberté naturelle des individus; 2/ que lorsque l'on res

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Lutkus, Lauren Julia. "Holistic Approaches to Art Education: A Case Study of Choice-based Art Education." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1564572381222662.

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Ingham, Sean. "Instrumental Justifications of Popular Rule." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10445.

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Ordinary citizens are rarely charged with making consequential decisions in representative democracies. Almost all consequential decisions are delegated to elected representatives or political appointees. On what basis should we judge whether decisions should be placed in the hands of ordinary citizens or delegated to political elites? I argue that decision-making authority should be allocated in whatever way an assembly of randomly selected citizens would choose, given reasonable beliefs about the consequences of their possible choices. The standard I defend is a variation of the principal-ag

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Arrhenius, Gustaf. "Future generations : A challenge for moral theory." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-787.

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For the last thirty years or so, there has been a search underway for a theory that canaccommodate our intuitions in regard to moral duties to future generations. The object ofthis search has proved surprisingly elusive. The classical moral theories in the literature allhave perplexing implications in this area. Classical Utilitarianism, for instance, implies thatit could be better to expand a population even if everyone in the resulting populationwould be much worse off than in the original. The main problem has been to find an adequate population theory, that is, a theoryabout the moral valu

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Runyan, Jason D. "The compatibility between a theologically relevant libertarian notion of freewill and contemporary neuroscience research : God, freewill and neuroscience." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cb895aa4-16e3-4bce-8feb-e93ab217207a.

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The notion that we are voluntary agents who exercise power to choose and, in doing so, determine some of what happens in the world has been an important notion in certain theological accounts concerning our relationship with God (e.g. 'the freewill defence' for God's goodness and omnipotence in light of moral evil and accounts of human moral responsibility in relation to God). However, it has been claimed that the physicalism supported by contemporary neuroscience research calls into question human voluntary agency and, with it, human power to choose. Emergentist (or non-reductive physicalist)

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Mortyakova, Julia Vladimirovna. "Existential Piano Teacher: The Application of Jean-Paul Sartre's Philosophy to Piano Instruction In a Higher Educational Setting." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/230.

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This essay uses existential ideas of Jean-Paul Sartre to provide a philosophy of college piano performance teaching which includes awareness of freedom, abandonment and responsibility as a prerequisite for student-teacher interaction. To set the stage for the interaction the study uses Sartre's philosophy, illustrated with concrete examples from the world of piano teaching and performing, to describe what it means to be human. The author applies Sartre's writings about literature to support the idea of an engaged performance, relating it to existential psychoanalysis, making the perform

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Nordell, Madeleine. "Who should decide, and about what? : Reflections on reprogenetic choices and the scope of parental autonomy." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1643.

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<p>In this thesis the scope and limits of reprogenetic choices - refering to reproductive applications of genetics made in the medical context - is adressed.</p><p>Through posing four analytical questions concerning who should cecide about what in reprogenetics an analysis of possible answers is made. The method consists of an analysis of texts of ethicists Robertson, Strong, Davis, Murray, Peters and Buchanan et al, chosen to reflect a diversity concerning the scope of reproductive autonomy and what values that need to be taken into consideration.</p><p>The most justified position found, conc

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McKenzie, Andrew. "Anarchy Is What Individuals Make of It." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1386024107.

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Stanczyk, Lucas. "From Each: Essays in the Theory of Productive Justice." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10593.

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A just society must provide a range of goods: police protection, education, medical care, legal representation, to name only a few. But how should a just society organize production of these goods? To ask this question is to broach the topic of productive justice. We need a theory of this topic in order to explain the content of the ideal of social justice. A certain theory of productive justice is now widely taken for granted. It has the following commitments. Every able beneficiary of just institutions owes some productive contribution. There is no free-loading on just institutions. Therefor

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Lees, Gavin. "Are radio markets Dirichlet? A study into the NBD/Dirichlet, its empirical generalisations and their extension to radio listening patterns : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marketing at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1149.

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The well recognised and parsimonious Dirichlet model of buyer behaviour (Goodhardt, Ehrenberg and Chatfield 1984) has summarised a number of empirical generalisations about market structures and buyer behaviour. These generalisations have been described by Sharp, Wright and Goodhardt (2002) as: Differences in market share can be attributed largely to differences in market penetration A double jeopardy pattern emerges, with smaller brands having a lower average purchase frequency, share of category requirements, and proportion of sole buyers A brand’s customers buy from other brands more fre

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Ausbrooks, Carrie Yvonne Barron. "A Comparative Analysis of the Values That Are Predominant in Private Schools, Public Choice Schools, and Public Attendance-Zone Schools in San Antonio, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332627/.

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Public concern with respect to declining traditional values, character, and family structure in the midst of increased crime, violence, and drug use have brought American education into the political arena and under intense scrutiny. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not differences exist in the values fostered in private schools, public choice schools and public attendance-zone schools and whether or not there are differences in the values that are identified by students as compared with teachers. The theoretical framework for the study is based upon the beliefs that val

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Barry, Nicholas. "Defending luck egalitarianism." University of Western Australia. School of Social and Cultural Studies, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0036.

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[Truncated abstract] In this thesis, I seek to determine whether luck egalitarianism is a compelling interpretation of egalitarian justice. In answering this question, I challenge existing interpretations and criticisms of luck egalitarianism, and highlight its radical consequences. I propose a revised theory of luck egalitarianism, and conclude that it does represent a compelling interpretation of egalitarian justice. In the first chapter, I trace the evolution of luck egalitarianism, highlighting the variety of theories that have been grouped under this label. In chapter 2, I defend the app

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Barwich, Ann-Sophie. "Making sense of smell : classifications and model thinking in olfaction theory." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/13869.

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This thesis addresses key issues of scientific realism in the philosophy of biology and chemistry through investigation of an underexplored research domain: olfaction theory, or the science of smell. It also provides the first systematic overview of the development of olfactory practices and research into the molecular basis of odours across the 19th and 20th century. Historical and contemporary explanations and modelling techniques for understanding the material basis of odours are analysed with a specific focus on the entrenchment of technological process, research tradition and the definiti

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Lambert, Aude. "La diversité des structures de rationalité en microéconomie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3047.

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La microéconomie conventionnelle présente le concept de rationalité de manière univoque et étroite comme maximisation de l'utilité espérée. On sait les critiques qui ont été adressées à ce concept tant du point de vue de l'économie comportementale que de celui de la sociologie. Notre objectif est de proposer une lecture de certaines de ces critiques afin de montrer que, pour l'essentiel, elles mettent en évidence la diversité des modes de rationalité. Le problème est, dès lors, de savoir si le constat de cette diversité conduit nécessairement à la récusation du modèle standard. Cette thèse s'i

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Bellamy, Stephen, and steve bellamy@flinders edu au. "RESOURCE PARTITIONING BETWEEN TWO SYMPATRIC AUSTRALIAN SKINKS, EGERNIA MULTISCUTATA AND EGERNIA WHITII STEPHEN BELLAMY Thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy AUGUST 2006 SCHOOL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FLINDERS UNIVERSITY, ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA ________________________________________." Flinders University. Biological Sciences, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070124.145924.

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When species compete for resources, in a stable homogeneous environment, there are two possible outcomes. The first is that one species will out-compete the other and exclude it from the environment. This is known as the competitive exclusion principle. The second is that both species will manage to coexist. Coexistence can only occur if the species niches are differentiated such that interspecific competition is minimised, or eliminated. This outcome is known as resource partitioning. Two closely related Australian skink species of the Egernia genus, Egernia multiscutata and Egernia whitii,

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Silva, Paulo Pirozelli Almeida. "A estrutura das controvérsias científicas: a sociologia da ciência de Thomas Kuhn." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-17082018-153855/.

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Como cientistas escolhem teorias? O objetivo de nossa tese é entender a resposta de Thomas Kuhn a este problema clássico da filosofia da ciência. Ao retirar o problema da escolha de teorias do campo metodológico e transportá-lo para o campo sociológico, Kuhn expõe os fundamentos de uma abordagem sociológica do desenvolvimento científico. Como tantos outros filósofos, Kuhn defende que teorias científicas são escolhidas a partir de valores epistêmicos critérios como precisão, consistência, abrangência, simplicidade e fecundidade. Segundo ele, porém, estes valores estão sujeitos a interpretações

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Zwarthoed, Danielle. "Le choix collectif dans la philosophie politique contemporaine : des fondements philosophiques de la théorie du choix social à l’évaluation démocratique des capabilités d’Amartya Sen." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0027/document.

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Les fondements philosophiques de la théorie du choix social sont l’objet de cette thèse. La théorie du choix social est un champ de l’économie normative qui traite de l’agrégation des préférences individuelles. L’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser les postulations philosophiques de la théorie du choix social afin de comprendre dans quelle mesure celle-ci pourrait contribuer à une théorie de la justice sociale basée sur les capabilités d’Amartya Sen. Ce travail est par conséquent élaboré à partir de l’idée d’une « approche comparative » de la justice sociale, défendue par Amartya Sen, et que

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Andreev, Konstantin. "To know the self as a matrix of maybe : An account of the specialness of self-knowledge." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för teoretisk filosofi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413530.

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The essay is an attempt to make sense of the apparently special relation between self-knowledge and agency. To achieve that goal, the essay translates the account of what it is like to be a human self offered by Sartre into the language of evolutionary psychology. In L’être et le néant, Sartre describes the phenomenology of the self as a series of inescapable choices in a contingent set of circumstances. This essay identifies Sartre’s description with what Baumeister, Maranges and Sjåstad call a matrix of maybe: the mechanism of nonfactual pragmatic prospection found in humans. Consequently, i

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