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Journal articles on the topic 'Cinnolin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Holzer, Wolfgang, Gernot A. Eller, and Simeon Sch嗜berger. "On the Tautomerism of Cinnolin-4-ol, Cinnolin-4-thiol, and Cinnolin-4-amine." HETEROCYCLES 75, no. 1 (2008): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-07-11177.

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2

Fischer, Hans, Claus Krieger, and Franz A. Neugebauer. "Benzo[c]benzo[3,4]cinnolino[1,2-a]cinnolin, ein chirales Hydrazin-Derivat." Angewandte Chemie 98, no. 4 (1986): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19860980411.

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3

Fan, Zhoulong, Kui Wu, Li Xing, Qizheng Yao, and Ao Zhang. "Palladium-catalyzed double C–H activation: one-pot synthesis of benzo[c]pyrazolo[1,2-a]cinnolin-1-ones from 5-pyrazolones and aryl iodides." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 14 (2014): 1682–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc47989g.

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4

M., R. Patel, D. Akbari J., H. Purohit D., and S. Joshi H. "Synthesis and evaluation of pharmacological activity of some new aminopyrimidine and thiopyrimidine derivatives." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 84, Nov 2007 (2007): 1169–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5824805.

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Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005, Gujarat, India <em>E-mail </em>: drhsjoshi@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 15 January 2007, revised 6 June 2007, accepted 17 August 2007</em> Various 3-(2-amino-6-arylpyrimidin-4-yl)-6-chlorocinnolin-4(3<em>H)</em>-one (2a-j) and 6-chloro-3-(6-aryl-2-mercapto3,4-dihydropyrimidin-4-yl)cinnolin-4(3<em>H</em>)-one (3a-j) were synthesized by the reaction of 6-chloro-3-[(2<em>E</em>)-3-arylprop-2-enoyl]- cinnolin-4(3<em>H</em>)-ones (1a-j) with guanidine hydrochloride and thiourea respectively. All newly synthesized compounds were te

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5

H., K. GAKHAR, RAMAN GUPTA (Ms.), and BHUSHAN GUPTA SHASHI. "[1,2,4)Triazino[3',4':2,3][1,3,4]thiadiazino- [5,6-c]cinnolin-9-one." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, April 1990 (1990): 351–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6203359.

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Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014 <em>Manuscript received 5 June 1989, accepted 21 November 1989</em> [1,2,4)Triazino[3',4':2,3][I,3,4]thiadiazino- [5,6-c]cinnolin-9-one 

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6

H., K. GAKHAR, RAMAN GUPTA (Ms.), and BHUSHAN GUPTA SHASHI. "[1,2,4)Triazino[3',4' : 2,3]1 ,3,4]thiadiazino- [5,6-c]cinnolin-9-one." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, April 1990 (1990): 351–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6164714.

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Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014 <em>Manuscript received 5 June 1989, accepted 21 November 1989</em> [1,2,4)Triazino[3',4' : 2,3][I ,3,4]thiadiazino- [5,6-<em>c</em>]cinnolin-9-one 

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7

Abbady, Mohamed S., and Abd El-Aal M. Gaber. "Synthesis of 1-Arylazo-3-acetyl-1H-cinnolin-4-one Derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 5 (1992): 1149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921149.

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The biological activity of azocinnoline derivatives especially in the chemotherapy of Trypanosomiasis was already reported. Considering the foregoing and in continuation of our previous work, 3-acetyl-1H-cinnolin-4-one (I) has been well exploited as a coupling component.

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8

R., GOPIKUMAR MENON, and PURUSHOTHAMAN E. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Pyrimido[5,4-c ]cinnolin-2,4( 1H,3H)-diones." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 72, Oct 1995 (1995): 731–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5909253.

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Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut-673 635 <em>Manuscript received 2 November 1993, revised 16 February 1994, accepted 15 March 1994</em> Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Pyrimido[5,4-c ]cinnolin-2,4( 1<em>H</em>,3<em>H</em>)-diones

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9

Zykova, Svetlana, Sergey Shurov, Aleksey Savinkov, Nino Gugushvili, and Vladimir Talismanov. "Pharmacoprophylaxis of liver diseases: creating a new hepatoprotector." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700061.

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The article presents a study of the hepatoprotective activity of a tricyclic heterocycle, which refers to 5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydroquinolines. The effect of 8, 8-dimethyl-5-p-tolyl-8, 9-dihydro-2H-pyrido [4, 3, 2-de] cinnolin-3 (7H) was studied on rats under the influence of the model of toxic hepatosis induced by carbon tetrachloride to find out the indicators of peroxidation and biochemical indicators. Biochemical studies have shown that modelling toxic fat hepatosis caused by the inception of carbon tetrachloride to rats increased the activity of alanine aminotransferase by 2.5 times more compa

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10

Amer, Atef M., Mohamed A. El-Bermaui, Ahmed F. S. Ahmed, and Somya M. Soliman. "Zur Chemie der Cinnoline, 1. Mitt. Synthese und Reaktionen von(4-Amino-cinnolin-3-yl)-p-tolyl-methanonen." Monatshefte fuer Chemie/Chemical Monthly 130, no. 11 (1999): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007060050299.

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11

Amer, Atef M., Mohamed A. El-Bermaui, Ahmed F. S. Ahmed, and Somya M. Soliman. "On the Chemistry of Cinnoline I. Synthesis and Reactions of (4-Amino-cinnolin-3-yl)-p-tolyl-methanones." Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly 130, no. 11 (1999): 1409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00010201.

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12

Beshore, Douglas C., Adam W. Johnson, Robert M. DiPardo, Daniel R. Pitts, Victoria Cofre, and Scott D. Kuduk. "2,5-Disubstituted Pyrazolo[4,3-c]cinnolin-3-ones." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 54, no. 2 (2016): 1558–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.2744.

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13

Derkach, Kira V., Maxim A. Gureev, Anastasia A. Babushkina, et al. "Dual PTP1B/TC-PTP Inhibitors: Biological Evaluation of 3-(Hydroxymethyl)cinnoline-4(1H)-Ones." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 5 (2023): 4498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054498.

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Dual inhibitors of protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B)/T-cell protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP) based on the 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydrocinnoline scaffold have been identified. Their dual affinity to both enzymes has been thoroughly corroborated by in silico modeling experiments. The compounds have been profiled in vivo for their effects on body weight and food intake in obese rats. Likewise, the effects of the compounds on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, as well as insulin and leptin levels, have been evaluated. In addition, the effects on PTP1B, TC-PTP, a

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14

R., GOPIKUMAR MENON, and PURUSHOTHAMAN E. "Synthesis and Biological Properties of 2-Mercaptopyrimido[ 5,4-c ]cinnolin-4(3H)-ones and their S-Alkyl Derivatives." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol.70, Jun 1993 (1993): 533–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5913915.

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Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut-673 635 <em>Manuscript received 7 May 1992, revised 22 February 1993, accepted 5 March 1993</em> The synthesis of some hitherto unreported 2-mercaptopyrimido[5,4-<em>c</em>]cinnolin-4(3<em>H</em>)-ones (4) is described. Treatment with alkyl halides under basic conditions yielded the S-alkyl derivatives. The synthesised compounds are characterised by spectral and analytical data. Most of the compounds of the series exhibit promising antibacterial and antifungal activities.

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15

Amer, Atef M., Mohamed A. El-Bermaui, Ahmed F. S. Ahmed, and Somya M. Soliman. "ChemInform Abstract: On the Chemistry of Cinnoline. Part 1. Synthesis and Reactions of (4-Amino-cinnolin-3-yl)-p-tolyl-methanones." ChemInform 31, no. 11 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200011144.

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16

Devlin, Jonathan, Richard Clogher, and Marcus Baumann. "Synthesis of Bioderived Cinnolines and Their Flow-Based Conversion into 1,4-Dihydrocinnoline Derivatives." Synlett 31, no. 05 (2019): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690752.

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Starting from phenylhydrazine and glucose, a versatile cinnoline scaffold was obtained on a multigram scale and further derivatized. A simple continuous-flow hydrogenation process permits the conversion of selected cinnolines into their 1,4-dihydrocinnoline counterparts. These products are generated in high yields and high purities with residence times of less than one minute and, along with their cinnoline precursors, are expected to serve as valuable heterocyclic building blocks for future medicinal chemistry programs.

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17

Hassaneen, Huwaida M. E., Tayseer A. Abdallah, Hamdi M. Hassaneen, and Mohamed H. Elnagdi. "Functionally Substituted Enamines as Building Blocks in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Reactivity of Glyoxal Diphenylhydrazone toward Electrophilic Reagents." Journal of Chemical Research 2005, no. 11 (2005): 729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823405774909441.

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Glyoxalbis(phenylhydrazone) 1a reacts with aromatic aldehydes and secondary amines to yield either propan-1,2-dialdiphenylhydrazones 2 or arylazopyrazoles 7 depending on the nature of utilised aldehyde. The reactivity of 1a with phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) and dimethylformamide (DMF) (Vilsmeier reaction) afforded the cinnolin-3-carbaldehyde phenylhydrazone 11. Compound 1a afforded also the tribenzoyl derivative 16 on treatment with benzoyl chloride. Only the diacetyl derivative 17 was produced on refluxing 1a in acetic anhydride. The diphenylhydrazone 20 was produced on treatment of 19, pre

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18

Badr, M. ZA, A. A. Geies, M. S. Abbady, and A. A. Dahy. "New heterocycles from thienopyridocinnolines." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 4 (1998): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-048.

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3-Cyano-4-(p-tolyl)pyrido[3,2-c]cinnolin-2(1H) thione 3 was reacted with α -halo ketones, esters, or amides to give the intermediates, S-alkylated products 5b-h, respectively, which underwent intramolecular ring closure reactions with ethanolic sodium ethoxide to give thienopyridocinnolines 6a-h. Pyrimidothienopyridocinnolines 9 and 11 were obtained by treatment of oxazino compound 8 with hydrazine hydrate and ammonium acetate. Treatment of hydrazino derivative 13 with acetylacetone, triethylorthoformate, carbon disulphide, ethyl chloroformate, and acetic anhydride afforded triazolopyrimidothi

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19

Sadek, Kamal Usef, Ramadan Ahmed Mekheimer, and Mohamed Abd-Elmonem. "Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Cinnoline Derivatives." Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry 16, no. 6 (2019): 578–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570193x15666180712124148.

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Crinnolines can serve as unique and versatile class of heterocycles especially in fields related to synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry owing to their potent biological activities. They possess diversity of pharmaceutical activities as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic as well as anti-hypertensive activities. Since the first synthesis of cinnoline by Richter (1883) numerous protocols for their synthesis have been developed utilizing arenediazonium salts, aryl hydrazines and arylhydhydrazones precursors. Recently metal catalyzed C-C and C-N bond formation reactions

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20

Flitsch, Wilhelm, Jürgen Lauterwein, Manfred Leimkühler, et al. "Pyrrolo[1,2-b]cinnolin-6,8-dicarbonsäure-diethylester: Produkt einer anomalen Vilsmeier-Reaktion." Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 1990, no. 7 (1990): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.1990199001120.

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21

Villa, Stefania, Giorgio Cignarella, Michela M. Curzu, Gérard A. Pinna, Elena Pini, and Lucio Toma. "Behaviour of 5,6-dihydrothieno[2,3-h]cinnolin-3(2H)-one and 5,6-dihydrothieno[3,2-h]cinnolin-3(2H)-one towards hydrazine. Synthesis of thienocinnolinones and of 4-aminothienocinnolinones." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 36, no. 5 (1999): 1253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570360523.

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22

Borah, Gongutri, and Pitambar Patel. "Ir(iii)-Catalyzed [4 + 2] cyclization of azobenzene and diazotized Meldrum's acid for the synthesis of cinnolin-3(2H)-one." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 17, no. 9 (2019): 2554–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob03214a.

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The first report on Ir(iii)-catalyzed C–H alkylation/cyclization of azobenzene with diazotized Meldrum's acid was developed for the synthesis of cinnoline-3(2H)-one-4-carboxylic acid and its ester derivative under mild conditions.

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23

Villa, Stefania, Giorgio Cignarella, Michela M. Curzu, Gerard A. Pinna, Elena Pini, and Lucio Toma. "ChemInform Abstract: Behavior of 5,6-Dihydrothieno[2,3-h]cinnolin-3(2H)-one and 5,6-Dihydrothieno[3,2-h]cinnolin-3(2H)-one Towards Hydrazine. Synthesis of Thienocinnolinones and of 4-Aminothienocinnolinones." ChemInform 31, no. 14 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200014133.

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24

Meneghetti, Fiorella, Daniela Masciocchi, Arianna Gelain, and Stefania Villa. "Crystal structure of 3-(3-oxo-2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydrobenzo[h]cinnolin-2-yl)propionic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 10 (2014): o1088—o1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814019850.

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The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C15H16N2O3, contains two independent molecules, which present a different conformation of the carboxylic acid side chain [C—C—C—OH torsion angles = 65.3 (7) and −170.1 (5)°]. In both molecules, the dihydropyridazinone ring adopts a geometry intermediate between a twisted-boat and a half-chair conformation, while the central six-membered ring is almost in a half-boat conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H...Ok(k = ketone) hydrogen bonds, generating [01-1] chains. Aromatic π–π stacking contacts between the benzene and the dihydropyrid

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25

Bawa, Sandhya, Rajiv Kumar, Gita Chawla, Suresh Kumar, and Ravinesh Mishra. "(8-Chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]cinnolin-1-yl) (pyridin-4-yl)methanone." Molbank 2010, no. 2 (2010): M688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m688.

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26

MENON, R. G., and E. PURUSHOTHAMAN. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Pyrimido(5,4-c)cinnolin-2,4( 1H,3H)-diones." ChemInform 27, no. 50 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199650173.

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27

Bawa, Sandhya, Rajiv K. Tonk, Gita Chawla, Suresh Kumar, and Obaid Afzal. "1-(8-Chloro-3-methyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]cinnolin-1-yl)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethanone." Molbank 2011, no. 4 (2011): M744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m744.

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28

Son, Jeong-Yu, Sunghwa Kim, Woo Hyung Jeon, and Phil Ho Lee. "Synthesis of Cinnolin-3(2H)-one Derivatives from Rh-Catalyzed Reaction of Azobenzenes with Diazotized Meldrum’s Acid." Organic Letters 17, no. 10 (2015): 2518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01052.

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29

Sharma, Satyasheel, Sang Hoon Han, Sangil Han та ін. "Rh(III)-Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Azobenzenes with α-Diazo Esters: Facile Synthesis of Cinnolin-3(2H)-ones". Organic Letters 17, № 11 (2015): 2852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01298.

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30

Arán, Vicente J., Juan L. Asensio, José Molina, Pilar Muñoz, José R. Ruiz, and Manfred Stud. "Approaches to 1,1-disubstituted cinnolin-3-ylio oxides: synthesis and reactivity of a new class of heterocyclic betaines." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 15 (1997): 2229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a701103b.

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31

Ruchelman, A. "11H-Isoquino[4,3-c]cinnolin-12-ones novel anticancer agents with potent topoisomerase I-targeting activity and cytotoxicity." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 12, no. 4 (2004): 795–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2003.10.061.

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32

PINNA, G. A., M. LORIGA, M. M. CURZU, and M. D'AMICO. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 4,4a,5,6-Tetrahydro-7,8- disubstituted-benzo(H)cinnolin-3(2H)-ones." ChemInform 28, no. 35 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199735173.

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33

PINNA, G. A., E. SALIS, D. BERTA, E. GAVINI, and M. D'AMICO. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 4a-Methyl-4,4a,5,6- tetrahydrothieno(2,3-h)cinnolin-3(2H)-ones." ChemInform 28, no. 35 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199735174.

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34

Fischer, Hans, Claus Krieger, and Franz A. Neugebauer. "Benzo[c]benzo[3,4]cinnolino[1,2-a]cinnoline, a Chiral Hydrazine Derivative." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 25, no. 4 (1986): 374–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198603741.

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35

Zykova, S. S., S. N. Shurov, I. A. Rodin, et al. "Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of 8,8-Dimethyl-5-P-Tolyl-3,4,7,8-Tetrahydro-2H-Pyrido[4,3,2-de]Cinnolin-3-One." Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 54, no. 8 (2020): 777–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11094-020-02272-1.

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36

Son, Jeong-Yu, Sunghwa Kim, Woo Hyung Jeon, and Phil Ho Lee. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cinnolin-3(2H)-one Derivatives from Rh-Catalyzed Reaction of Azobenzenes with Diazotized Meldrum′s Acid." ChemInform 46, no. 40 (2015): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201540183.

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37

Sharma, Satyasheel, Sang Hoon Han, Sangil Han та ін. "ChemInform Abstract: Rh(III)-Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Azobenzenes with α-Diazo Esters: Facile Synthesis of Cinnolin-3(2H)-ones." ChemInform 46, № 43 (2015): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201543057.

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38

MENON, R. G., and E. PURUSHOTHAMAN. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Properties of 2-Mercaptopyrimido(5,4-c) cinnolin-4(3H)-ones and Their S-Alkyl Derivatives." ChemInform 26, no. 1 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199501170.

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39

ARAN, V. J., J. L. ASENSIO, J. MOLINA, P. MUNOZ, J. R. RUIZ, and M. STUD. "ChemInform Abstract: Approaches to 1,1-Disubstituted Cinnolin-3-ylio Oxides: Synthesis and Reactivity of a New Class of Heterocyclic Betaines." ChemInform 28, no. 50 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199750155.

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40

Nargund, L. V. G., V. V. Badiger, and S. M. Yarnal. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial and Anti‐inflammatory Activities of Substituted 2‐Mercapto‐3‐(N‐aryl)pyrimido[5,4‐c]cinnolin‐4‐(3H)‐ones." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 81, no. 4 (1992): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600810416.

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41

Palmer, Michael H., Robert O. Gould, Alexander J. Blake, John A. S. Smith, David Stephenson, and Donald E. Ames. "14N nuclear quadrupole coupling in solid cinnolin-4-ones. A study by nuclear quadrupole resonance, x-ray crystallography and ab initio calculations." Chemical Physics 112, no. 2 (1987): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(87)80164-7.

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42

PINNA, G. A., M. M. CURZU, P. FRAGHI, E. GAVINI, and M. D'AMICO. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 5,6-Dihydrobenzo(f) cinnolin-2(3H)ones Analogues of Antihypertensive and Antiaggregating Benzo(h)cinnolinones." ChemInform 28, no. 17 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199717149.

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43

Jiang, Bo, Wen-Juan Hao, Jin-Peng Zhang, Shu-Jiang Tu, and Feng Shi. "New domino reaction for the selective synthesis of tetracyclic cinnolino[5,4,3-cde]cinnolines." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 7, no. 6 (2009): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b817930a.

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44

Lewis, GE, and DL Lill. "Benzo[c]cinnoline Derivatives. VIII. Properties of Hydroxy- and Methoxy-benzo[c]cinnolines." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 5 (1985): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9850817.

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The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and ionization constants of the complete series of hydroxy -and methoxy-benzo [c] cinnolines are reported and discussed in relation to the efficiency of electronic interaction between each substituent and the relevant nitrogen atom of the central ring.

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45

Zykova, S. S., K. V. Namyatova, K. L. Gankova, E. A. Lystsova, T. V. Shavrina, and S. N. Shurov. "Antihypoxic Activity of 2,5-diaryl-8,8-dimethyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2<i>H</i>-pyrido[4,3,2-<i>de</i>]quinnolin-3-ones." Drug development & registration 11, no. 4 (2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2022-11-4(1)-22-26.

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Introduction. The state of hypoxia, causing damage and cell death, underlies many pathological processes. In addition, hypoxia induces a state of free radical oxidation, which enhances the damaging effect of hypoxic damage. This necessitates the synthesis of new compounds and the creation on their basis of drugs with antihypoxic activity.Aim. The aim of this study is the synthesis and study of the antihypoxic activity of 2,5-diaryl-8,8-dimethyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2Н-pyrido[4,3,2-de] quinnolin-3-ones.Materials and methods. Compounds of the 2,5-diaryl-8,8-dimethyl-3,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-pyrido[4,

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46

Chungang, Gu, Artelsmair Markus, S. Elmore Charles та ін. "Late-occurring and Long-circulating Metabolites of GABAAα2,3 Receptor Modulator AZD7325 Involving Metabolic Cyclization and Aromatization: Relevance to MIST Analysis and Application for Patient Compliance". Drug Metabolism and Disposition 46, № 3 (2018): 303–15. https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.117.078873.

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AZD7325 [4-amino-8-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-<em>N</em>-propylcinnoline-3-carboxamide] is a selective GABA<sub>A</sub><em><sub>α</sub></em><sub>2,3</sub> receptor modulator intended for the treatment of anxiety disorders through oral administration. An interesting metabolic cyclization and aromatization pathway led to the tricyclic core of M9, i.e., 2-ethyl-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)pyrimido[5,4-c]cinnolin-4(3H)-one. Further oxidative metabolism generated M10 via <em>O</em>-demethylation and M42 via hydroxylation. An authentic standard of M9 was synthesized to confirm the no

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Pinna, GA, and D. Barlocco. "Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-thieno[2,3-h]cinnolin-3-ones bioisosters of antihypertensive and antithrombotic benzo[h]cinnolinones." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 8 (1991): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0223-5234(91)90004-7.

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Palmer, Michael H., Alexander J. Blake, Mian M. P. Khurshid, and John A. S. Smith. "Structure and bonding in 2-methyl-cinnolin-3-one. A study by X-ray crystallography, 14N nuclear quadrupole resonance and ab initio calculations." Chemical Physics 168, no. 1 (1992): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(92)80107-7.

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Tonk, Rajiv K., Sandhya Bawa, and Deepak Kumar. "Therapeutic Potential of Cinnoline Core: A Comprehensive Review." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 3 (2020): 196–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666191011095858.

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Cinnoline or Benzo-pyridazine has its place in the family of fairly well-known benzfuseddiazine heterocycles. Because of its natural occurrence and synthetic exploration, cinnoline compounds validated its thought-provoking bioactivity through a number of research publications and patents during last few decades. A creative consideration has been rewarded to the synthesis of cinnoline based heterocyclic compounds, mostly due to their wide range of diverse pharmacological activities. The present review covers the principle approaches to the synthesis of cinnoline nucleus and almost all biologica

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Gomaa, Mohamed F. Y., Nicolino Pala, Marco Derudas, et al. "Investigation of furo[2,3-h]- and pyridazino[3,4-f]cinnolin-3-ol scaffolds as substrates for the development of novel HIV-1 integrase inhibitors." Arkivoc 2011, no. 9 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.0012.901.

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