Relevant bibliographies by topics / Closed Area

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Closed Area'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Closed Area"

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ZWIEBACH, BARTON. "QUANTUM CLOSED STRINGS FROM MINIMAL AREA." Modern Physics Letters A 05, no. 32 (1990): 2753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732390003218.

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Canonical and factorizable off-shell amplitudes for covariant closed string theory can be obtained from string diagrams of minimal area. Evidence is given that all higher genus minimal area string diagrams can be built using vertices and propagators, implying that the off-shell amplitudes arise from the Feynman rules of a full quantum theory of closed strings. The quantum action gives an exact solution of the full master equation of Batalin and Vilkoviski.
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Ghomi, Mohammad, and Ralph Howard. "Total diameter and area of closed submanifolds." Mathematische Annalen 363, no. 3-4 (2015): 985–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-015-1173-4.

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Koch, Natalie. "Introduction - Field methods in ‘closed contexts’: undertaking research in authoritarian states and places." Area 45, no. 4 (2013): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12044.

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Ouvry, Stéphane, and Shuang Wu. "The algebraic area of closed lattice random walks." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 52, no. 25 (2019): 255201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ab2107.

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Foster, Colin. "Closed but provocative questions: curves enclosing unit area." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 46, no. 5 (2014): 776–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020739x.2014.992989.

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Zwiebach, Barton. "Consistency of closed string polyhedra from minimal area." Physics Letters B 241, no. 3 (1990): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(90)91654-t.

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Colomo, Filippo. "Area versus length distribution for closed random walks." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 36, no. 6 (2003): 1539–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/36/6/301.

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Belcher, Oliver, and Lauren L. Martin. "Ethnographies of closed doors: conceptualising openness and closure in US immigration and military institutions." Area 45, no. 4 (2013): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/area.12048.

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Oboznenko, E. I., and I. L. Oboznenko. "Vibrating object sound field within a closed water area." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 4 (1996): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.416699.

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MAO, YUEYUE, SHENGLIANG PAN, and YILING WANG. "AN AREA-PRESERVING FLOW FOR CLOSED CONVEX PLANE CURVES." International Journal of Mathematics 24, no. 04 (2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x13500298.

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Motivated by Gage [On an area-preserving evolution equation for plane curves, in Nonlinear Problems in Geometry, ed. D. M. DeTurck, Contemporary Mathematics, Vol. 51 (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1986), pp. 51–62] and Ma–Cheng [A non-local area preserving curve flow, preprint (2009), arXiv:0907.1430v2, [math.DG]], in this paper, an area-preserving flow for convex plane curves is presented. This flow will decrease the perimeter of the evolving curve and make the curve more and more circular during the evolution process. And finally, as t goes to infinity, the limiting curve wi
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Closed Area"

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Coker, Graham William Russell. "Leaf Area Index in Closed Canopies: An indicator of site quality." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1128.

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This study examined leaf area index (LAI) and relationships with corresponding tree growth, climate and soil characteristics across New Zealand forest plantations. The aim of this study was to determine if quick measures of projected leaf area across environmental gradients of New Zealand were an accurate indicator of site quality. Projected leaf areas of Pinus radiata D Don and Cupressus lusitanica Mills seedlings were measured using a Li-Cor LAI-2000 plant canopy analyser at 22 locations representing the soil and climatic diversity across New Zealand plantation forests. Seedlings planted at
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Cintuglu, Mehmet Hazar. "Wide-Area Time-Synchronized Closed-Loop Control of Power Systems And Decentralized Active Distribution Networks." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3031.

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The rapidly expanding power system grid infrastructure and the need to reduce the occurrence of major blackouts and prevention or hardening of systems against cyber-attacks, have led to increased interest in the improved resilience of the electrical grid. Distributed and decentralized control have been widely applied to computer science research. However, for power system applications, the real-time application of decentralized and distributed control algorithms introduce several challenges. In this dissertation, new algorithms and methods for decentralized control, protection and energy manag
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Lange, John David. "An Evaluation of Closed Area Boundaries of the Sea Scallop Stock in the Middle Atlantic Bight." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617796.

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OLIVEIRA, MARLUS NEWTON P. B. V. DE. "CLOSED DUMP AREA REUSE: LEGAL ASPECTS AND ECOTOXICOLOGICAL TESTS ON LEACHEATE FROM THE SANTA CRUZ - RJ DUMP." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=32981@1.

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Quando do encerramento do recebimento de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) em uma área de lixão, usualmente é demandado pelo órgão ambiental a adoção de medidas mínimas de controle, como recobrimento, drenagem de chorume e coleta de gases. O monitoramento é exigido por longos períodos de tempo, sem que seja possível o uso do imóvel. Esta estratégia pode gerar descontinuidades urbanas, falhas no acompanhamento e ocupações irregulares. Uma abordagem alternativa seria a reutilização de tais áreas, devolvendo-as ao tecido urbano, aplicando-se as normas que estimulam a eficiência no uso de tais espaço
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謝正勤 and Ching-kan Curry Tse. "The fortified line: police observation posts in the frontier closed area at the border of Hong Kong and Shenzhen." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42182748.

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Tse, Ching-kan Curry. "The fortified line police observation posts in the frontier closed area at the border of Hong Kong and Shenzhen /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42182748.

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Goff, Kevin D. "Ring Diameter and Closed Area Scallop Fisheries: The Performance of a Dredge with 4" Rings in the Atlantic Sea Scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) Fishery, in the Context of an Area Rotation Management Scheme." W&M ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617790.

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Hancock, Kate. "Women's perceptions of safety : CCTV in an inner city setting." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/801.

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To date, most research on closed circuit television (CCTV) has come out of the United Kingdom (UK) where the growth of CCTV has reached immense proportions with wide support and funding from the Home Office. There are 33 systems operating in Australia, with the focus of this research on the first system installed in Perth, Western Australia in 1991. There is a dearth of information on CCTV in Australia, and little research looking at the link between CCTV, women’s safety and fear of crime. The literature on fear of crime shows that women are more fearful than men even though they are less like
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Pretot, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Air quality improvement in closed or semi-closed areas with a minimal energy consumption." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0023.

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La qualité de l’air est un facteur clépour la santé. Les polluants intérieurs sontnombreux avec des attributs et comportementspropres. Des solutions existent pour les traitermais la consommation énergétique ou lamaintenance sont des points clés et il faut doncoptimiser ces solutions à chaque cas. L’objectifde cette thèse est de proposer des méthodes desimulation temps réel d’optimisation.D’après la littérature, les particules liées àl’activité ferroviaire sont la principaleproblématique au niveau des stations de trainsouterraines et celles-ci sont traitées séparémentdes autres milieux clos en
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Cavalcante, Sulamita de Souza Silva. "Geração de lixiviados de aterros sanitários na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo: histórico e perspectivas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-20102014-093650/.

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O tratamento e a disposição final de resíduos sólidos urbanos é um dos grandes problemas ambientais da atualidade. No caso dos aterros sanitários, as áreas para implantação desses empreendimentos são cada vez mais escassas, especialmente nos grandes centros urbanos, exatamente onde há grande geração de resíduos. É notória a necessidade de se buscar alternativas adequadas para a disposição final de resíduos sólidos urbanos. A correta disposição de resíduos em aterros sanitários exige que esses empreendimentos sejam tratados de forma integral, desde a escolha do local, o desenvolvimento do proje
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Books on the topic "Closed Area"

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T, Malczyk Jeremy, Middleton Tammie J, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Benthic habitat and faunal surveys of closed area II, central Georges Bank, 1998 and 1999. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Blackport, R. A hydrogeological investigation of the closed Norwich waste disposal area in Norwich, Ontario (No. 070701): Report. Ontario Environment], 1990.

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Tamsett, Alison. Dynamics of hard substratum communities inside and outside of a fisheries habitat closed area in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (Gulf of Maine, NW Atlantic). U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, 2010.

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(Firm), Delta Engineering. Final close-out report: Five sites Centerville area. Delta Engineering, 1987.

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1958-, Williams Brian James, ed. Closer. Chicken House, 2010.

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Gordon, Roderick. Closer. Chicken House/Scholastic, 2011.

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St. Cloud Area Genealogists, Inc., ed. Ancestor charts of members of St. Cloud Area Genealogists, Incorporated as of 1 October 1986. St. Cloud Area Genealogists, 1988.

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Hoppe, Robert A. Farming operations and households in farming areas : a closer look. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1994.

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Hoppe, Robert A. Farming operations and households in farming areas: A closer look. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1994.

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Pat, Capon, ed. Families of the world: Family life at the close of the twentieth century. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Closed Area"

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Tran-Gia, P., and Th Stock. "Modelling of the DQDB Access Protocol and Closed-Form Approximation." In High-Capacity Local and Metropolitan Area Networks. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76484-4_14.

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Ikegawa, Takashi. "Closed Queueing Network Modeling for End-to-End Performance Analysis of ISO LLC and Transport Protocols over Bridged Networks." In Local Area Network Interconnection. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2950-7_9.

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Sheynin, Stanislav, and Alexander Tuzikov. "Area and Moment Computation for Objects with a Closed Spline Boundary." In Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45179-2_5.

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Pinkall, Ulrich, and Oliver Gross. "Curves in $$\mathbb {R}^2$$." In Compact Textbooks in Mathematics. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39838-4_3.

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AbstractCurves in the plane $$\mathbb {R}^2$$ ℝ 2 are special in several respects: For a closed plane curve $$\gamma $$ γ an enclosed area $$\mathcal {A}(\gamma )$$ A ( γ ) can be defined, providing another geometric functional in addition to length and bending energy.
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Kolář, Miroslav, Michal Beneš, and Daniel Ševčovič. "On Surface Area and Length Preserving Flows of Closed Curves on a Given Surface." In Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96415-7_24.

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Bradshaw, C., L. O. Veale, A. S. Hill, and A. R. Brand. "The effect of scallop dredging on Irish Sea benthos: experiments using a closed area." In Coastal Shellfish — A Sustainable Resource. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0434-3_13.

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Schul, James E. "Closed Areas." In Historical and Contemporary Foundations of Social Studies Education. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003372318-6.

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Chalah, Farid, Lila Chalah-Rezgui, Salah Eddine Djellab, and Abderrahim Bali. "Closed Form of a Transverse Tapered Cantilever Beam Fundamental Frequency with a Linear Cross-Area Variation." In Mechanical and Materials Engineering of Modern Structure and Component Design. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19443-1_31.

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Ibrahim, Najihah, and Fadratul Hafinaz Hassan. "Pythagorean Theorem for Shortest Distance in CA Based Pedestrian Simulation: A Case Study on the Closed Area." In 10th International Conference on Robotics, Vision, Signal Processing and Power Applications. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6447-1_9.

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Ibrahim, Najihah, and Fadratul Hafinaz Hassan. "Optimal Moore Neighborhood Approach of Cellular Automaton Based Pedestrian Movement: A Case Study on the Closed Area." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01174-1_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Closed Area"

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Gherghe, Ion, Florin Radoi, Emeric Chiuzan, and Nicolae Ianc. "CFD SIMULATION OF CARBON MONOXIDE CIRCULATION DYNAMICS IN A VENTILATION INSTALLATIONS TUBING." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s03.32.

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Reducing the risk of occurrence of phenomena such as poisoning, as a result of the untimely penetration of a certain amount of toxic gases, inside a ventilation installation, is a priority, regarding the health and safety of workers, material assets and the negative influence on the environment, due to the possible problems caused by the occurrence of toxic atmospheres, formed by mixing air with toxic gases and vapors. In closed or semi-closed industrial and non-industrial buildings, effective ventilation is the primary measure to prevent toxic atmospheres. Knowing the behavior of toxic gases
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Li, Wen. "Evasion in closed area with observation limits." In IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2017.8217301.

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Karasev, P. A., M. M. Serrano, P. A. Vela, and A. Tannenbaum. "Visual closed-loop tracking with area stabilization." In 2010 American Control Conference (ACC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2010.5531326.

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Seitzler, Thomas M. "Closed loop labeling and tracking using area parameter technologies." In Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Michael K. Masten and Larry A. Stockum. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.156604.

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Korinek, Tomas, and Karel Frana. "A dispersion study of CO2 in a closed area." In THE APPLICATION OF EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL METHODS IN FLUID MECHANICS AND ENERGY 2016: XX. Anniversary of International Scientific Conference. AIP Publishing LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953721.

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Rattanatamrong, Prapaporn, Andrea Matsunaga, Austin J. Brockmeier, Justin C. Sanchez, Jose C. Principe, and Jose Fortes. "Towards closed-loop brain-machine experiments across wide-area networks." In 5th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner.2011.5910584.

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Cavur, Mahmut, and Ebubekir Demir. "Real-time localization methodology with RFID technology in closed area." In 2017 25th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/siu.2017.7960736.

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Wang, Huaiyuan, Baohui Zhang, Songhao Yang, Dezhi Chen, Yunting Song, and Shiying Ma. "Closed-loop control system based on wide area measurement system." In 2015 27th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2015.7161938.

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Jain, Rahul, James Lock, and Stephen F. Duffy. "Effective Area and Effective Volume Calculations for Ceramic Test Specimens." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59028.

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The calculation of the effective volume and/or effective area is a key step in estimating the reliability of ceramic component life cycles. Most common tests performed to assess the strength of components made from ceramics are bend bar specimens tested in three-point and four-point flexure, C-ring and O-ring specimens under diametral compressive or tensile loads, and biaxial ring-on-ring specimens. ASTM closed form solutions [1] for the effective volume and area exist for specimen geometries based on classical theories with underlying assumptions. In general, the closed form expressions are v
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Oajsalee, Swas, Suradet Tantrairatn, and Sorada Khaengkarn. "Study of ROS Based Localization and Mapping for Closed Area Survey." In 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference on Mechatronics System and Robots (ICMSR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmsr.2019.8835455.

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Reports on the topic "Closed Area"

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Wilches Bernal, Felipe, Brian Joseph Pierre, Ryan Thomas Elliott, et al. PDCI Wide-Area Damping Control: PSLF Simulations of the 2016 Open and Closed Loop Test Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1347499.

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Tompkins, Robert E., Roger E. Bowman, and Arpad A. Juhasz. A Study on the Effects of Variable Surface Area to Volume Ratio on Closed Bomb Burn Rates. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada161826.

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Robbins, Frederick W., and Karen A. Cieslewicz. The Effects of Small Changes in the Input Data on the Determination of Closed-Bomb Burning Rates and Surface Area. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada261969.

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Glorius, S. T., I. Y. M. Tulp, A. Meijboom, L. J. Bolle, and C. Chen. Developments in benthos and fish in gullies in an area closed for human use in the Wadden Sea : 2002-2016. Wettelijke Onderzoekstaken Natuur & Milieu, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/464873.

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Lendon, Jessica, Priyanka Singh, Christine Caffrey, Manisha Sengupta, and Zhaohui Lu. Operating status of adult day services centers in 2022. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.15620/cdc/174584.

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The National Post-acute and Long-term Care Study (NPALS) provided preliminary estimates of Adult Day Services Center (ADSC) operating statuses in 2020. This report provides updated estimates from 2022 to compare centers that were physically open with services provided “onsite only,” to open or temporarily closed centers that provided services onsite, at participants’ residences, or virtually. Operating status estimates are compared by U.S. Census region, metropolitan statistical area status, Medicaid-licensure, and number of enrolled participants.
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Short, Mary, та Sherry Leis. Vegetation monitoring in the Manley Woods unit at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield: 1998–2020. Редактор Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293615.

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Natural resource management at Wilson’s Creek National Battlefield (NB) is guided by our understanding of the woodlands and prairies at the time of the Civil War battle in 1861. This report is focused on the Manley Woods unit of the park. This unit is an oak-hickory woodland in the Springfield Plain subsection of the Ozarks. Canopy closure for Missouri oak woodlands can be highly variable and ranges from 30–100% across the spectrum of savanna, open woodland, and closed woodland types. In 1861, the woodland was likely a savanna community. Changes in land use (e.g., fire exclusion) caused an increa
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Heymsfield, Ernie, and Jeb Tingle. State of the practice in pavement structural design/analysis codes relevant to airfield pavement design. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40542.

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An airfield pavement structure is designed to support aircraft live loads for a specified pavement design life. Computer codes are available to assist the engineer in designing an airfield pavement structure. Pavement structural design is generally a function of five criteria: the pavement structural configuration, materials, the applied loading, ambient conditions, and how pavement failure is defined. The two typical types of pavement structures, rigid and flexible, provide load support in fundamentally different ways and develop different stress distributions at the pavement – base interface
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Jaureguiberry, Florencia, Elena Arias Ortiz, and Iván Bornacelly. CIMA Brief #4: Have academic achievement gaps closed? Inter-American Development Bank, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006054.

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The expansion of access to education in the region has been accompanied by greater inclusion: more poor students and those in rural areas are attending school at all levels. In pre-primary and secondary, the educational gap between rich and poor students remains large.
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Lance, Richard, and Xin Guan. Variation in inhibitor effects on qPCR assays and implications for eDNA surveys. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41740.

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Aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are sometimes impacted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. We tested varying concentrations of different inhibitors (humic, phytic, and tannic acids; crude leaf extracts) for impacts on quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays designed for eDNA surveys of bighead and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We also tested for inhibition by high concentrations of exogenous DNA, hypothesizing that DNA from increasingly closely related species would be increasingly inhibitory. All tested inhibitors impacted qPCR, though on
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Pandori, Lauren, Lauren Strope, and Linh Cat. Rocky intertidal community shift over 30 years: 1990–2020 rocky intertidal long term trend report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2297397.

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Cabrillo National Monument (CABR) is a unit of the National Park System located on the Point Loma peninsula in San Diego, CA, USA. Despite its small size (0.65 terrestrial km2), the monument attracts 851,000 annual visitors (IRMA SRSS Reports 2011-2020), and acts as an “urban island”, providing habitat for unique algal, plant and animal species in an area of increasing development and urbanization. The coastal area of the park also leads to the rocky intertidal zone, which is regarded by many as the best conserved shorelines in mainland southern California. Due to the high-quality habitat and
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