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Journal articles on the topic 'Cognitive Stimuli'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Growney, Claire, and Tammy English. "AGE AND COGNITIVE ABILITY AS PREDICTORS OF EMOTION REGULATION STRATEGY USE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1883.

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Abstract Emotion regulation (ER) is viewed as a cognitively demanding process and involves selecting and implementing specific strategies in support of one’s emotional goals. Older adults are theorized to maintain emotional wellbeing by selecting ER strategies that are consistent with their available resources, which may involve engaging more with lower-arousal stimuli and less with higher-arousal stimuli, especially when cognitive resources are limited. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between age, cognitive ability, and use of different types of ER strategies. Participants

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Rai, Ankush, and Jagadeesh Kannan R. "NEUROCOMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF DISTRIBUTED LEARNING FROM VISUAL STIMULI." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 13 (2017): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s1.19645.

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Neurocomputational modeling of visual stimuli can lead not only to identify the neural substrates of attention but also to test cognitive theories ofattention with applications on several visual media, robotics, etc. However, there are many research works done in cognitive model for linguistics,but the studies regarding cognitive modeling of learning mechanisms for visual stimuli are falling back. Based on principles of operation cognitivefunctionalities in human vision processing, the study presents the development of a computational neurocomputational cognitive model for visualperception wit

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Welles, James. "Cognitive Stupidity." Neurodegeneration and Neurorehabilitation 3, no. 1 (2020): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9422/008.

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The brain of an infant may be the blank tablet envisaged by Locke,[1] but as it is shaped by both experience and language it develops into the mind of an adult. As the character of the maturing individual becomes defined, the mind shapes experiences decreasingly according to immediate stimuli themselves and increasingly according to linguistic interpretations of and emotional reactions to perceptions. Thus, the environment does not dictate human behavior but provides a context for its expression.

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Santos- Alvarez, M. A., M. T. Garcia-Merino, and E. Vallelado-Gonzalez. "Individual perception of different stimuli: Implications for managers." International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management 7, no. 1 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.69864/ijbsam.7-1.77.

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Managerial perception is the process by which managers form an image of the stimuli they receive. According to research, perception is conditioned by the individual's cognitive profile. But the different nature of incoming stimuli suggests that it would be interesting to study whether the cognitive profile's influence varies in the presence of different stimuli. This paper analyses the effect of the cognitive profile on perception of differently-structured stimuli. The results clearly show that the cognitive style, tolerance of ambiguity, and proactivity have an effect. Specifically, they cond

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Watts, Fraser N. "Cognitive Processing in Phobias." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 14, no. 4 (1986): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300014919.

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A programme of research is described which investigates the cognitive processing of phobic stimuli. Phobics show good perceptual “pick-up” of phobic words on a version of the Stroop test. However, their encoding appears to be poor, as indexed by recognition memory for phobic stimuli. Consistent with this, cognitive representations of phobic stimuli are poorly elaborated and differentiated. Brief desensitization was found to have stronger effects on perceptual and encoding phenomena than on cognitive representations. Finally, spider phobics were found to have poor recall of phobic words. This c

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Lapteva, M. L., and M. A. Firsova. "COGNITIVE STIMULI OF VERBALIZATION OF AGGRESSION." Voprosy Kognitivnoy Lingvistiki, no. 3 (2024): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20916/1812-3228-2024-3-59-67.

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The article highlights and analyzes cognitive stimuli of verbalization of aggression based on the material of the Russian language. There are two cognitive areas that stimulate aggression - the personal one, which includes the entire system of human traits, properties and qualities, and the social one, formed by information of any type coming from the outside. The identified cognitive areas that stimulate aggression form three functional and cognitive conglomerates of the aggressive in language: “Man”, “Society” and “Information space”. The cognitive stimuli for the explication of aggression,

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Afshin Yaghoobi. "The Role of Neuromarketing in the Purchasing Behavior of Customers: The Role of Cognition and Perception in Purchasing Decisions." Power System Technology 48, no. 3 (2024): 993–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/pst.905.

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This study aims to examine the impact of neuro-marketing on customer purchase behavior through the role of cognition and perception in purchase decision-making. To test these hypotheses, participants were placed in a laboratory environment and exposed to emotional and cognitive stimuli. Brainwaves (alpha and beta) and behavioral indicators such as the number of purchases, purchase amount, and decision-making time were evaluated as the main variables. The sample consisted of 30 participants, who were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The results indicated that emotional and

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Chen, Yiren. "The Stimulating Factors of Cognitive Memory and the Meaning and Influence of Cognitive Conception." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 26 (March 2, 2024): 1081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/kzegkx78.

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This paper studies the stimulating factors of cognitive memory and the significance and influence of such factors on cognitive concepts. Through a comprehensive review of literature and experimental data, this paper explores how different types of stimuli affect individual memory and cognitive architecture. Through literature research combined with investigation and analysis, the relationship between the themes was further determined. It is found that stimuli can significantly affect the formation of cognitive concepts, thus changing individual learning and decision-making. And further researc

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Benedict, Jordin T., Serena A. Sereki, Bruna S. Mussoi, and Julia J. Huyck. "Contributions of auditory processing and cognition to the development of frequency discrimination performance during adolescence." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0027606.

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Performance on auditory perceptual tasks develops throughout adolescence, likely due to the development of auditory and cognitive regions of the brain. We investigated the contributions of auditory processing and cognition to frequency discrimination. Frequency discrimination thresholds were measured in three conditions using a series of 3AFC tasks. For two conditions, each stimulus was two 15-ms tone pips separated by 100 ms. These stimuli were used both with a 3-down, 1-up procedure (threshold = 79.4%) with the method of constant stimuli (threshold = 66.7%). The third condition used a 130-ms

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10

He, Yang, Zhihua Guo, Xinlu Wang, et al. "Effects of Audiovisual Interactions on Working Memory Task Performance—Interference or Facilitation." Brain Sciences 12, no. 7 (2022): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070886.

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(1) Background: The combined n-back + Go/NoGo paradigm was used to investigate whether audiovisual interactions interfere with or facilitate WM. (2) Methods: College students were randomly assigned to perform the working memory task based on either a single (visual or auditory) or dual (audiovisual) stimulus. Reaction times, accuracy, and WM performance were compared across the two groups to investigate effects of audiovisual interactions. (3) Results: With low cognitive load (2-back), auditory stimuli had no effect on visual working memory, whereas visual stimuli had a small effect on auditor

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11

Chainay, Hanna, George Michael, Mélissa Vert-pré, Lionel Landré, and Amandine Plasson. "Emotional enhancement of immediate memory: Positive pictorial stimuli are better recognized than neutral or negative pictorial stimuli." Advances in Cognitive Psychology 8, no. 3 (2012): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5709/acp-0121-1.

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12

Velinskiy, Iuliana. "How do individual differences in openness to experience and analytic thinking moderate the impact of insightful experiences on the modification or reinforcement of beliefs?" Cognitive Psychology Bulletin 1, no. 10 (2025): 24–35. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpscog.2025.1.10.24.

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This study investigates individual differences in openness to experience and analytic thinking and their impact on belief reinforcement through insightful experiences. Participants are presented with anagrams as cognitive stimuli, with correctness and relevance varied across conditions. Results indicate that the relevance and correctness of cognitive stimuli significantly influences belief endorsement, and that openness moderates the influence of cognitive stimuli on belief endorsement, suggesting

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13

SUWA, Masaki. "Visual Displays as Stimuli to Cognitive Processes." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 19, no. 72 (1999): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.19.13.

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14

Muggleton, Neil G., Michael J. Banissy, and Vincent Z. Walsh. "Cognitive Neuroscience: Feedback for Natural Visual Stimuli." Current Biology 21, no. 8 (2011): R282—R283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.03.024.

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15

Fathy, Akram, and Hussain Hadi Al.harb. "The Effect of Difference of Visual Stimuli in Photo Sharing Websites (Instagram) on Cognitive Achievement for Secondary Students in the Curriculum of computer and Information Technology." International Journal on E-Learning 18, no. 3 (2019): 251–77. https://doi.org/10.70725/826588mvdefb.

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study aims to clarify the effect of the difference of visual stimuli in Photo Sharing websites (Instagram) on cognitive achievement for secondary education students in computer and information technology curriculum through the answer of the following question: What is the effect different visual stimuli in PSW (Instagram) on the cognitive achievement for secondary education students in the computer and information technology curriculum? To answer this question, two different accounts in Instagram were signed up: the first account's subject was visual stimuli (Real Visual Stimuli) and the secon

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van Lier, Rob. "Visuo-cognitive disambiguation of occluded shapes." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24, no. 6 (2001): 1135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x01210140.

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Pessoa et al. (1998a) underexposed the broad and rich variety of stimuli in the amodal completion domain. The disambiguation of occluded shapes depends on very specific figural properties. Elaborations on such disambiguations of rich and complex stimuli, tied up with a visuo-cognitive origin of amodal completion, further position Pessoa et al.'s considerations on neural filling-in and the personal-subpersonal distinction.

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Hu, S. H., Q. D. Wang, Y. Xu, and M. M. Zhang. "Hemodynamic brain response to visual sexual stimuli is different between homosexual and heterosexual men." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (2011): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72635-9.

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Many studies showed the differences in subjective response to sexual stimuli between heterosexual and homosexual men. However, the underlying neurobiological factors of sexual orientation are largely unknown. We addressed the question what is the major attribution of the expected differences in brain activation, i.e. neural circuits or different cognitive process. Twenty-eight healthy male volunteers, 14 heterosexuals and 14 homosexuals, were scanned by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging while subjects were viewing different types of stimuli, i.e. heterosexual couple stimuli (HCS), gay coup

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18

Castellanos, Sergio, and Luis-Felipe Rodríguez. "A Flexible Scheme to Model the Cognitive Influence on Emotions in Autonomous Agents." International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence 12, no. 4 (2018): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcini.2018100105.

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Autonomous agents (AAs) are designed to embody the natural intelligence by incorporating cognitive mechanisms that are applied to evaluate stimuli from an emotional perspective. Computational models of emotions (CMEs) implement mechanisms of human information processing in order to provide AAs for a capability to assign emotional values to perceived stimuli and implement emotion-driven behaviors. However, a major challenge in the design of CMEs is how cognitive information is projected from the architecture of AAs. This article presents a cognitive model for CMEs based on appraisal theory aime

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Guo, Kexin. "The Effect of Auditory on Children's Memory and Cognitive Development." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 6, no. 1 (2023): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/6/20220441.

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The majority of current research on childrens cognition concentrates on how vision and touch affect children's cognition. According to this study, aural environment and stimulation play a significant impact throughout a childs vital era in the development of their memory and cognitive abilities. This paper first describes the cognitive function and the key period in childrens cognitive development, then combines these concepts with measures to support childrens memory and cognitive growth. This research asserts that the auditory sense is particularly significant during the key era of children'

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20

G Dharmender, K. Sivasubramania Deepak, G Kirubasri. "Analyzing the Impact of Consumers' Internal Stimuli on Affective and Cognitive Buying Behavior: A Mediated Perspective." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 36s (2025): 414–18. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i36s.6463.

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Consumer behavior is shaped by various internal stimuli such as emotions, attitudes, motivations, personality traits, and cognitive processes. Recognizing how these internal factors influence affective and cognitive buying behavior is critical for marketers aiming to effectively connect with consumers and encourage purchasing decisions. This study seeks to explore the mediating role of internal stimuli in the relationship between affective and cognitive buying behavior. Using theoretical insights from consumer psychology and marketing literature, a conceptual framework is proposed to explain t

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21

Legrain, Valéry, Caroline Perchet, and Luis García-Larrea. "Involuntary Orienting of Attention to Nociceptive Events: Neural and Behavioral Signatures." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 4 (2009): 2423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00372.2009.

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Pain can involuntarily capture attention and disrupt pain-unrelated cognitive activities. The brain mechanisms of these effects were explored by laser- and visual-evoked potentials. Consecutive nociceptive laser stimuli and visual stimuli were delivered in pairs. Subjects were instructed to ignore nociceptive stimuli while performing a task on visual targets. Because involuntary attention is particularly sensitive to novelty, in some trials (17%), unexpected laser stimuli were delivered on a different hand area (location-deviant) relative to the more frequent standard laser stimuli. Compared w

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Krause, Anika, and Christian H. Poth. "Urgency enforces stimulus-driven action across spatial and numerical cognitive control tasks." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0322482. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322482.

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It has been shown that urgency in cognitive control tasks elicits a time-window in which responses are dominated by stimuli rather than goals. If stimulus information conflicts with goal-relevant information, urgency impairs goal-directed responses. This was shown for an antisaccade task as well as tasks using manual responses. Critically, however, all previous studies on manual responses used arrows as stimuli, leaving it unclear whether urgency affects cognitive control also in tasks using different stimuli. Here, we show that the urgency effect can also be elicited in three cognitive contro

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23

Hodson, Gordon. "Is it impolite to discuss cognitive differences between liberals and conservatives?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37, no. 3 (2014): 313–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x13002574.

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AbstractHibbing and colleagues argue convincingly that liberals and conservatives differ in reactivity to (negative) stimuli. Yet their analysis sidesteps evidence that cognitive ability differs as a function of ideology. Cognitive abilities, like cognitive preferences (e.g., structure needs), shape whether stimuli are psychologically threatening (prompting avoidance) or offer opportunity (prompting approach). Incorporation of these findings is critical despite any socially “delicate” implications.

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Berezin, Anna A., Anna V. Trusova, Anton N. Gvozdetcki, and Svetlana G. Klimanova. "Contextuality of cognitive control deficits in alcohol dependence — pro et contra." V.M. BEKHTEREV REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY AND MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY 58, no. 3 (2024): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31363/2313-7053-2024-901.

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Cognitive impairment, including cognitive control, mediates the negative social consequences of alcohol-related behavior, but few studies have examined these processes in the Russian speaking population using modern and standardized assessment methods. Thus, the aim of the study was to examine the features of cognitive control (inhibition of automatic response) and the general level of cognitive functioning in a Russianspeaking sample of alcohol-dependent individuals (AD) using quantitative assessment methods. Materials and Methods. 111 individuals diagnosed with alcohol dependence (F10.30) an

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Kolaiti, Patricia. "Perceptual relevance and art: Some tentative suggestions." Journal of Literary Semantics 49, no. 2 (2020): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jls-2020-2022.

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AbstractA fundamental assumption in relevance theory is that human cognition has evolved in the direction of increased efficiency and, as such, tends, as Sperber and Wilson (Relevance: Communication and cognition, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995: 38–46, 260–66) put it in their cognitive principle, to be naturally geared towards the maximisation of relevance. The cognitive principle inter alia explains the selectivity of human agency and attention: for an input to merit the attention of the human cognitive system, it must seem relevant enough to be worth attending to. But what makes an input re

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Hojdik, Vladimír, Peter Štetka, Nora Grisáková, and Daniela Rybárová. "Deciphering the temporal dynamics of consumer decisions: the interplay of cognitive load and response correctness." Innovative Marketing 20, no. 3 (2024): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.20(3).2024.19.

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This study delves into the impact of visual marketing stimuli on consumer response times, focusing on the complexity and subjectivity of the questions posed. Conducted in Slovakia, the research involved 40 participants (20 men and 20 women, aged 30 to 50 years), all holding university degrees in economics to ensure consistent decision-making experience. Participants were presented with visual stimuli representing four well-known FMCG brands. The stimuli included simple brand preference questions and complex evaluative judgments of offer efficiency. Response times were measured in milliseconds

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Dodgson, Daniel, and Jane Raymond. "Value-associated stimuli can modulate cognitive control settings." Journal of Vision 16, no. 12 (2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/16.12.90.

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Dichter, Gabriel S., and Aysenil Belger. "Social stimuli interfere with cognitive control in autism." NeuroImage 35, no. 3 (2007): 1219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.12.038.

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Chillemi, Gaetana, Alessandro Calamuneri, Francesca Morgante, et al. "Cognitive processing of sensory stimuli in cervical dystonia." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 22 (January 2016): e136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.10.330.

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Wilson, Tony W., Arthur C. Leuthold, Scott M. Lewis, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, and Patricia J. Pardo. "Cognitive dimensions of orthographic stimuli affect occipitotemporal dynamics." Experimental Brain Research 167, no. 2 (2005): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-005-0011-4.

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MIYAHARA, Michiko. "The effect of auditory stimuli on cognitive tasks." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 75 (September 15, 2011): 3AM075. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.75.0_3am075.

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Romens, Sarah E., Donal G. MacCoon, Lyn Y. Abramson, and Seth D. Pollak. "Cognitive Style Moderates Attention to Attribution-Relevant Stimuli." Cognitive Therapy and Research 35, no. 2 (2010): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9345-8.

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Wang, Yi-Feng, Gang-Shu Dai, Feng Liu, Zhi-Liang Long, Jin H. Yan, and Hua-Fu Chen. "Steady-state BOLD Response to Higher-order Cognition Modulates Low-Frequency Neural Oscillations." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 12 (2015): 2406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00864.

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Steady-state responses (SSRs) reflect the synchronous neural oscillations evoked by noninvasive and consistently repeated stimuli at the fundamental or harmonic frequencies. The steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs; the representative form of the SSRs) have been widely used in the cognitive and clinical neurosciences and brain–computer interface research. However, the steady-state evoked potentials have limitations in examining high-frequency neural oscillations and basic cognition. In addition, synchronous neural oscillations in the low frequency range (<1 Hz) and in higher-order cognitio

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Uroz Garelli, Damian, and Laura Prieto del Val. "Diferencias en la resolución del conflicto emocional y cognitivo." Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento 6, no. 1 (2014): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.v6.n1.5588.

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A behavioural approach was used to analyse the relations between cognitive and emotional conflict. A modified (i.e., words instead of letters as stimuli) Eriksen flanker task was used. A higher flanker-induced interference (as reflected by higher reactions times) was expected during the emotional than during the cognitive conflict. This possibility was also analysed by manipulating the instructions and informing a group of subjects on the interfering nature of the flankers. Reaction times were greater during the emotional task and following incongruent stimuli. There was no significant interac

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Stillman, Paul E., Jay J. Van Bavel, and William A. Cunningham. "Valence Asymmetries in the Human Amygdala: Task Relevance Modulates Amygdala Responses to Positive More than Negative Affective Cues." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 4 (2015): 842–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00756.

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Organisms must constantly balance appetitive needs with vigilance for potential threats. Recent research suggests that the amygdala may play an important role in both of these goals. Although the amygdala plays a role in processing motivationally relevant stimuli that are positive or negative, negative information often appears to carry greater weight. From a functional perspective, this may reflect the fact that threatening stimuli generally require action, whereas appetitive stimuli can often be safely ignored. In this study, we examine whether amygdala activation to positive stimuli may be

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Imbir, Kamil K., Joanna Duda-Goławska, Maciej Pastwa, et al. "Inhibitory control effectiveness can be improved: The role of arousal, subjective significance and origin of words in modified Emotional Stroop Test." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (2022): e0270558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270558.

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The interference control measured in the Emotional Stroop Task is the phenomenon that gives us an insight into mechanisms of emotion-cognition interactions. Especially the role of dimensions of affect can be easily studied with this paradigm. In the current study, we were interested in the role of the complexity of emotional stimuli (origin). We also aimed at searching for activation-like factors that impair (arousal) or improve (subjective significance) the effectiveness of cognitive control. We have used an orthogonal manipulation of all the above dimensions in words. We expected to find the

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Fraedrich, Eva M., Virginia L. Flanagin, Jeng-Ren Duann, Thomas Brandt, and Stefan Glasauer. "Hippocampal Involvement in Processing of Indistinct Visual Motion Stimuli." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, no. 6 (2012): 1344–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00226.

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Perception of known patterns results from the interaction of current sensory input with existing internal representations. It is unclear how perceptual and mnemonic processes interact when visual input is dynamic and structured such that it does not allow immediate recognition of obvious objects and forms. In an fMRI experiment, meaningful visual motion stimuli depicting movement through a virtual tunnel and indistinct, meaningless visual motion stimuli, achieved through phase scrambling of the same stimuli, were presented while participants performed an optic flow task. We found that our indi

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HURLEMANN, RENÉ, BARBARA HAWELLEK, WOLFGANG MAIER, and RAYMOND J. DOLAN. "Enhanced emotion-induced amnesia in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 37, no. 7 (2007): 971–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706009792.

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Background. Current biological concepts of borderline personality disorder (BPD) emphasize the interference of emotional hyperarousal and cognitive functions. A prototypical example is episodic memory. Pre-clinical investigations of emotion–episodic memory interactions have shown specific retrograde and anterograde episodic memory changes in response to emotional stimuli. These changes are amygdala dependent and vary as a function of emotional arousal and valence.Method. To determine whether there is amygdala hyper-responsiveness to emotional stimuli as the underlying pathological substrate of

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Filippova, Margarita G. "Does Unconscious Information Affect Cognitive Activity?: A Study Using Experimental Priming." Spanish journal of psychology 14, no. 1 (2011): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.2.

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In a series of three experiments the influence that information unrecognised by the subjects has on the effectiveness of occurring cognitive activity is studied. With this aim 3 types of stimulus were compared which for one reason or another were not afforded sufficient attention, namely: unconscious meanings of polysemantic information, stimuli presented at the subliminal level, and intentionally ignored distractors. All the listed types of stimuli are united in that the subjects were not able to give an account of them, i.e., these stimuli were not processed attentively. It is assumed that e

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Weis, Patrick P., and Eva Wiese. "Using Tools to Help Us Think: Actual but Also Believed Reliability Modulates Cognitive Offloading." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 61, no. 2 (2018): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720818797553.

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Objective: A distributed cognitive system is a system in which cognitive processes are distributed between brain-based internal and environment-based external resources. In the current experiment, we examined the influence of metacognitive processes on external resource use (i.e., cognitive offloading) in such systems. Background: High-tech working environments oftentimes represent distributed cognitive systems. Because cognitive offloading can both support and harm performance, depending on the specific circumstances, it is essential to understand when and why people offload their cognition.

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ZHU, SONG. "UNRAVELING THE COGNITIVE MECHANISM OF EMOTIONAL VALIDITY IN CONFLICT CONTROL." International Journal of Prevention Practice and Research 04, no. 01 (2024): 09–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/medscience-abcd631.

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Understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying emotional validity in conflict control is crucial for elucidating how emotions influence decision-making and cognitive processing. Emotional validity refers to the congruence between emotional cues and task demands, impacting the allocation of attention and cognitive resources during conflict resolution. This paper reviews current research investigating the neural correlates and behavioral effects of emotional validity on conflict control processes. It examines how emotional stimuli modulate attentional bias, response inhibition, and cognitive

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Xiao, Shasha, Yingjie Li, Meng Liu, and Yunxia Li. "Electrophysiological Studies of Cognitive Reappraisal Success and Failure in aMCI." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070855.

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Background: Although successful reappraisal relies on cognitive resources, how cognitive impairment affects brain processes related to cognitive reappraisal is not yet clear. Methods: Forty-four amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects and 72 healthy elderly controls (HECs) were divided into the MCI-Failure (n = 23), MCI-Success (n = 21), HEC-Failure (n = 26), and HEC-Success (n = 46) groups according to changes in self-reported affect using reappraisal. All participants viewed 30 negative and 30 neutral images preceded by straightforward descriptions of these images and 30 negative

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Sambo, Chiara F., and Bettina Forster. "An ERP Investigation on Visuotactile Interactions in Peripersonal and Extrapersonal Space: Evidence for the Spatial Rule." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, no. 8 (2009): 1550–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21109.

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The spatial rule of multisensory integration holds that cross-modal stimuli presented from the same spatial location result in enhanced multisensory integration. The present study investigated whether processing within the somatosensory cortex reflects the strength of cross-modal visuotactile interactions depending on the spatial relationship between visual and tactile stimuli. Visual stimuli were task-irrelevant and were presented simultaneously with touch in peripersonal and extrapersonal space, in the same or opposite hemispace with respect to the tactile stimuli. Participants directed thei

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Hammer, Rubi, and Vladimir Sloutsky. "Visual Category Learning Results in Rapid Changes in Brain Activation Reflecting Sensitivity to the Category Relation between Perceived Objects and to Decision Correctness." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 28, no. 11 (2016): 1804–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01008.

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Little is known about the time scales in which sensitivity to novel category identity may become evident in visual and executive cortices in visual category learning (VCL) tasks and the nature of such changes in brain activation. We used fMRI to investigate the processing of category information and trial-by-trial feedback information. In each VCL task, stimuli differed in three feature dimensions. In each trial, either two same-category stimuli or two different-categories stimuli were presented. The participant had to learn which feature dimension was relevant for categorization based on the

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Trapp, Wolfgang, Andreas Heid, Susanne Röder, Franziska Wimmer, and Göran Hajak. "Cognitive Remediation in Psychiatric Disorders: State of the Evidence, Future Perspectives, and Some Bold Ideas." Brain Sciences 12, no. 6 (2022): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060683.

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Many people with psychiatric disorders experience impairments in cognition. These deficits have a significant impact on daily functioning and sometimes even on the further course of their disease. Cognitive remediation (CR) is used as an umbrella term for behavioral training interventions to ameliorate these deficits. In most but not all studies, CR has proven effective in improving cognition and enhancing everyday functional outcomes. In this paper, after quickly summarizing the empirical evidence, practical advice to optimize the effects of CR interventions is provided. We advocate that CR i

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Guino, Kimberly Cathleen, Gwyneth De Torres, Madelyn Mae Canlas, et al. "Effect of Stroop Interference on Cognitive Reaction Time among College Students in Lipa City." Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal 35, no. 1 (2025): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.350106.

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A growing consensus understands the Stroop Interference as a phenomenon involving conflict and cognitive control. Research shows that incongruent stimuli create a conflict when trying to focus on both elements. It was hypothesized that people would take longer to recognize mismatched colors compared to matched colors, which can significantly impact cognitive reaction times. This study examined the Effects of Stroop Interference on Cognitive Reaction Time Among College Students in Lipa City. The researchers used a within-subject design and convenience sampling method to select participants. The

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Hall, Nathan, and Carol Colby. "S-cone Visual Stimuli Activate Superior Colliculus Neurons in Old World Monkeys: Implications for Understanding Blindsight." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 6 (2014): 1234–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00555.

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The superior colliculus (SC) is thought to be unresponsive to stimuli that activate only short wavelength-sensitive cones (S-cones) in the retina. The apparent lack of S-cone input to the SC was recognized by Sumner et al. [Sumner, P., Adamjee, T., & Mollon, J. D. Signals invisible to the collicular and magnocellular pathways can capture visual attention. Current Biology, 12, 1312–1316, 2002] as an opportunity to test SC function. The idea is that visual behavior dependent on the SC should be impaired when S-cone stimuli are used because they are invisible to the SC. The SC plays a critica

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Schoenfeld, M. A., M. Woldorff, E. Düzel, H. Scheich, H. J. Heinze, and G. R. Mangun. "Form-From-Motion: MEG Evidence for Time Course and Processing Sequence." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 15, no. 2 (2003): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892903321208105.

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The neural mechanisms and role of attention in the processing of visual form defined by luminance or motion cues were studied using magnetoencephalography. Subjects viewed bilateral stimuli composed of moving random dots and were instructed to covertly attend to either left or right hemifield stimuli in order to detect designated target stimuli that required a response. To generate form-from-motion (FFMo) stimuli, a subset of the dots could begin to move coherently to create the appearance of a simple form (e.g., square). In other blocks, to generate form-from-luminance (FFLu) stimuli that ser

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Dudukovic, Nicole M., Alison R. Preston, Jermaine J. Archie, Gary H. Glover, and Anthony D. Wagner. "High-resolution fMRI Reveals Match Enhancement and Attentional Modulation in the Human Medial Temporal Lobe." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 3 (2011): 670–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21509.

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A primary function of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is to signal prior encounter with behaviorally relevant stimuli. MTL match enhancement—increased activation when viewing previously encountered stimuli—has been observed for goal-relevant stimuli in nonhuman primates during delayed-match-to-sample tasks and in humans during more complex relational memory tasks. Match enhancement may alternatively reflect (a) an attentional response to familiar relative to novel stimuli or (b) the retrieval of contextual details surrounding the past encounter with familiar stimuli. To gain leverage on the fun

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Kaliukhovich, Dzmitry A., Wouter De Baene, and Rufin Vogels. "Effect of Adaptation on Object Representation Accuracy in Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 5 (2013): 777–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00355.

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Stimulus repetition produces a decrease of the response in many cortical areas and different modalities. This adaptation is highly prominent in macaque inferior temporal (IT) neurons. Here we ask how these repetition-induced changes in IT responses affect the accuracy by which IT neurons encode objects. This question bears on the functional consequences of adaptation, which are still unclear. We recorded the responses of single IT neurons to sequences of familiar shapes, each shown for 300 msec with an ISI of the same duration. The difference in shape between the two successively presented sti

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