Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Column unit / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Column unit.

Journal articles on the topic 'Column unit'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Column unit.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Kh Kurbangaleeva, M. "Improving the Safety of the Rectification Unit for the Production of Alkylphenols." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 2 (2022): 022007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/2/022007.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract As a result of the study, the analysis of occurrence of fire hazardous situation during the operation of rectification column of production facility of one of the city’s enterprises was carried out. This installation refers to facilities for which additional safety requirements are imposed. The main danger of the operation of rectification columns and their piping used at the installation is thefear of depressurization and theinitiation of gas contamination and fire situation on the site. As theresult of the fire, the rectification column and supporting metal structures can be in flam

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Gaber, Maryam, Anuar Kasa, Norinah Abdul Rahman, and Jamal Alsharef. "Comparison between unit cell and plane strain models of stone column ground improvement." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (2018): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8797.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents a comparative study of the behaviour of clayey soil reinforcements using stone column ground improvement by means of numerical analyses. Two-dimensional finite element analyses with commercially available software, PLAXIS, were performed on end-bearing stone columns using 15-noded triangular elements to investigate the impact of the modelling type on the stress concentration ratio and failure mechanism of an improved foundation system. Consolidation analyses were conducted throughout the study using Mohr-Coulomb’s criterion. The computed values of the stress concentration

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Azmi, Yusuf Iskandar, Nik Aslam Hafiz Nik Omar, Kok Shien Ng, Ahmad Safuan A. Rashid, Mazidah Mukri, and Yee Ming Chew. "Influence of Column Length on Settlement Performance of Floating Stone Column in Soft Clay." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 132, no. 1 (2025): 60–69. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.132.1.6069.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents the experimental solutions for the influence of length to the behavior and settlement performance of stone column. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the results between the settlement performance of end bearing stone columns and floating stone columns. Unit cell concept is used to idealize the settlement performance of large column group under the uniform load. The parameters that investigated are the column length to diameter ratio. This experimental investigation used a small-scale unit cell model tank and investigated the column length of a single column.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Shien, Ng Kok, Yusuf Iskandar Bin Azmi, and Nik Aslam Hafiz Bin Nik Omar. "Experimental and Numerical Study of Floating Stone Columns Using Unit Cell Model Test." E3S Web of Conferences 586 (2024): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458603001.

Full text

Abstract:

Stone columns serve as a remedial measure to alleviate settlements and expedite the consolidation process, particularly in soft soils where excessive settlement and slow consolidation are the common problems. This paper presents the experimental and numerical investigation into the effects of area replacement ratio and stone column length on the consolidation settlement of floating stone columns using finite element software i.e. PLAXIS 3D. The model setup adopted unit cell concept resembling an infinite column grid pattern with uniform load. The study examined two distinct area replacement ra

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Zhang, Yusen, Yan Xu, Guangyao Li, Guanbao Ye, and Zhen Zhang. "Basic Mechanical Properties of Unit Cell-based Stiffened Deep Mixed Column." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1336, no. 1 (2024): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1336/1/012014.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract As a composite column, stiffened deep mixed (SDM) column is formed by inserting a precast concrete core pile into the center of a deep mixed (DM) column. When SDM columns are used to support embankments over soft soil, they would be failed by shearing, compression, tension, and bending. This study conducted a series of laboratory tests to investigate the basic mechanical properties of a unit cell of SDM column, including uniaxial compression, direct shear and tension tests. The results reveal that the impact on improvement was minimal at a core ratio of 9.8%, subsequently followed by

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Masia, Mark J., and Nigel G. Shrive. "Carbon fibre reinforced polymer wrapping for the rehabilitation of masonry columns." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 4 (2003): 734–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-015.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) wrapping to strengthen existing cracked masonry columns was investigated experimentally. The study was aimed at quantifying the increase in strength that can be achieved and assessing the effect of column size on the strength increase. Eighteen columns were tested, with three different square cross-sectional sizes (290 mm × 290 mm, 390 mm × 390 mm, 490 mm × 490 mm) and two different types of clay masonry unit. Six columns were constructed in each size, two columns using unit type 1 and four columns using unit type 2. Strengthening was achieved

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Kozhakhmetova, Dinara, Samal Kaliyeva, Laura Sugurova, Zharkynay Sugur, Ryszard Wójtowicz, and Tursynkhan Zhylkybayev. "Analysis of the Distillation Column of a Catalytic Cracking Unit Using Fuzzy Input Information." Energies 17, no. 17 (2024): 4446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174446.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this work is to analyze and model the performance of the distillation column of a catalytic cracking plant using fuzzy initial information. A system of mathematical models of the studied columns was developed, and we discussed the issues of modeling the distillation column of a catalytic cracking plant operating in conditions of fuzzy initial information. The system of mathematical models of the studied columns was developed on the basis of statistical and fuzzy information. The mathematical models of columns K-1, K-2 and K-3 were identified with regression and fuzzy regression equa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Yang, Yingxin, Dongdong Song, Kuilin Huang, Haitao Ren, and Jian Zhou. "Unit Experimental Study on Impact Crushing Rock of the Microcoring PDC Bit." Shock and Vibration 2019 (November 3, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3173298.

Full text

Abstract:

In light of the situation of sliced or powdery cuttings produced by conventional PDC bit, it is found that they are not convenient for geological logging and stratification. The unit crushing experiment which contains two breaking forms (static-pressure breaking and impact) is conducted on core columns of sandstone, limestone, and granite. This experimental study showed the following: The breaking work ratio of the three core column types is much less than that of the flat rock. The height of the core column has little effect on the bit penetration rate, while core column diameter has greater

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Zhi Miao, Ju Bao Liu, Min Luo, and Qiang Zhang. "Dynamic Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study of Rotating Column in Cylinder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.453.

Full text

Abstract:

Rotary slender column in cylinder is a special structure in oil engineering. It contacts with outer cylinder and interacts with its inner pipe fluid and outer annular fluid. A partitioned coupling model was founded by dispersing slender column into beam element, dividing fluid domain into some sections, dispersing fluid section into hexahedron unit and transfer method of the information of coupling interface was described. Dynamics experimental device of column-liquid interaction was built to do column rotating test with considering the displacement and force boundary conditions of rotating co

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Silva, Pedro F., and Sri Sritharan. "Seismic Performance of a Concrete Bridge Bent Consisting of Three Steel Shell Columns." Earthquake Spectra 27, no. 1 (2011): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3525919.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper describes the performance of a full-scale, three-column concrete bridge bent test unit that was designed, constructed, and tested under simulated in- plane seismic loads. Representing a typical bent configuration used by the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, the test unit employed 12.7-mm-thick steel shell concrete columns and evaluated adequacy of an improved beam-to-column joint design procedure. The steel shell served as the external reinforcement and formwork for the columns. As intended, plastic hinges were fully developed in the columns adjacent to the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Popov, S. V., N. Y. Krymkin, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov, and E. N. Papulovskikh. "Reconstruction of the hardware design for isopropylbenzene production for the production of ethylbenzene." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 83, no. 2 (2021): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2021-2-184-190.

Full text

Abstract:

The hardware design of the rectification unit for the production of isopropylbenzene in the presence of the AlCl3 catalyst is considered, the use of which has a number of problems associated with its corrosiveness, rapid deactivation, the complexity of regeneration, etc. One of the possible solutions to the listed technological disadvantages is the use of heterogeneous zeolite-containing catalysts. In this case, during the reconstruction of the existing production of isopropylbenzene in the technological scheme of separation of alkylate, three rectification columns are released, which are expe

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Balaban, Dario, Branislava Nikolovski, Mitar Perusic, and Goran Tadic. "Experimental and modeling studies of mass transfer and hydrodynamics in a packed bed absorption column for CO2 - water system." Chemical Industry 77, no. 2 (2023): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind230120014b.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents research on hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a packed absorption column. Experimental data on dry column pressure drop, flooding point, and efficiency of absorption of CO2 in water is obtained on a lab-scale absorption column packed with Raschig rings. Auxiliary parts of equipment together with chemical analyses provide simple monitoring and collecting the data. All obtained data were used to test different mathematical models for a given problem, i.e. for determination of the dry column pressure drop, flooding point and the overall gas transfer unit height. For dry colum

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Beler-Baykal, B., G. Witte, and I. Sekoulov. "Activated carbon and residual nitrification for higher quality effluents for the coastal areas." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 8 (2002): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0153.

Full text

Abstract:

Efforts for the task of modification of a nitrification/denitrification unit operating in a series of two fixed bed columns are outlined. The problem was elevated dissolved oxygen concentrations at the entrance of the denitrification column, resulting in an excessive consumption of methanol. The possibility of using a column of activated carbon for adsorption alone and in which both adsorption and residual nitrification take place was investigated. The results were observed to be very satisfactory in reducing dissolved oxygen levels to practically zero at the entrance of the denitrification un

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Kayser, Yves. "Dataset: Reliable compositional analysis of airborne particulate matter beyond the quantification limits of total reflection X-ray fluorescence." Analytica Chimica Acta 1192 (February 28, 2022): 339367. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6303108.

Full text

Abstract:

This dataset contains for the 6 samples discussed in the publication the angle-resolved X-ray fluorescence photon rate as obtained from the detected events after spectral deconvolution from the Silcon Drift Detector used and correcting for detector efficiency, detector lifetime, incident X-ray photon flux and solid angle of detection. The incident photon energy was 1700 eV. Data is from Figure 1 as in the linked publication and allows performing quantification of the mass deposition at the different incidence angles. Column 1 - Incidence angle of synchrotron radiation in degrees Column 2 -&nbs

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Abdelaziz, A. M., Ahmed Elshesheny, Nabil Abdelmotaal, and Nabil M. Nagy. "Enhancing airport runways performance using composite systems numerically using unit cell concept." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2616, no. 1 (2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2616/1/012052.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract One of the problems, which would affect airport runways is the settlement of soil. Such settlement would be controlled by enhancing the performance of the soil underneath the airport runway. The composite system consists of graded stone-reinforced soil and reinforcing layers. This system is defined as stone column, which is widely used to improve weak soils as one of the soil stabilization methods due to its simple construction and economic cost. It is used to reduce settlement and enhance soil-bearing capacity. By using such technique, part of the high-compressibility and low-shear s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Bucsa, Sorin, Alexandru Serban, Mugur C. Balan, et al. "Exergetic Analysis of a Cryogenic Air Separation Unit." Entropy 24, no. 2 (2022): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020272.

Full text

Abstract:

This case study analyzes a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU) with a production of V˙O2=58,300 [m3Nh] of gaseous oxygen with a concentration greater than 98.5%, operating in Romania on a steel plant platform. The goal of the paper is to provide an extensive model of exergetic analysis that could be used in an optimization procedure when decisional parameters are changed or structural design modifications are implemented. For each key part of the Air Separation Unit, an exergetic product and fuel were defined and, based on their definition, the coefficient of performance of each functional zon

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Nik Omar, Nik Aslam Hafiz, Kok Shien Ng, Yusuf Iskandar Azmi, et al. "Effect of Area Replacement Ratio on Settlement Behaviour of Floating Stone Column." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 132, no. 1 (2025): 137–46. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.132.1.137146.

Full text

Abstract:

This research aims to examine the effect of the area replacement ratio of the floating stone column on settlement behaviour. Soft soil can be particularly challenging in the construction industry due to its low load- bearing capacity, which means it cannot support heavy structures or loads and may settle over time when the soil consolidates under the weight of the structure. Most construction projects use end-bearing columns compared to floating stone columns due to the double-layered consolidation issue because it is hard to predict the settlement behaviour. This experimental investigation em

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Shah, Gul Jamil, Aamer Nazir, Shang-Chih Lin, and Jeng-Ywan Jeng. "Design for Additive Manufacturing and Investigation of Surface-Based Lattice Structures for Buckling Properties Using Experimental and Finite Element Methods." Materials 15, no. 11 (2022): 4037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15114037.

Full text

Abstract:

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is rapidly evolving due to its unlimited design freedom to fabricate complex and intricate light-weight geometries with the use of lattice structure that have potential applications including construction, aerospace and biomedical applications, where mechanical properties are the prime focus. Buckling instability in lattice structures is one of the main failure mechanisms that can lead to major failure in structural applications that are subjected to compressive loads, but it has yet to be fully explored. This study aims to investigate the effect of surface-based la

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

S. V., Sivapriya, Jijo James, K. Pavithra, S. Renuka Devi, K. Sangeetha, and M. Sasikala. "Comparison of Encased Stone Column with Conventional Column for Varied Parameters through Experimental and Numerical Investigations." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (September 6, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7564756.

Full text

Abstract:

Installation of stone columns is a widely used stabilization method in improving the characteristics of soft clays. In this study, laboratory tests were conducted to understand the influence of column number, spacing and encasement on the load-carrying capacity of the modified soil. Unit cell concept is adopted for column diameters of 25.4 and 31.75 mm, one and two numbers of columns and spacings of 50, 70, and 90 mm under the conditions of with and without encasement. In addition to the laboratory study, finite element analysis was also done for similar parameters to understand the modified s

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Kharun, V. R., V. М. Senchishak, V. Ya Popovych, and І. І. Shostakivskyi. "The research beam pumping unit of start-up mode." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 1(35) (June 29, 2021): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2021-1(35)-48-59.

Full text

Abstract:

In the article, research of the beam-pumping unit start-up mode has been performed in accordance with the existing configurations of the rod column, the diameter of the plunger and the dynamic fluid level in the well. A mathematical model of the pumping unit actuator has been developed, it takes into account the mechanical characteristics of the drive motor, the moments of inertia of the belt drive and gears of the gearbox and the mass of the actuator components. Calculations have been performed for the variant of the pump rod column layout - two-stage, for the diameters of the plunger 55mm an

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Liu, A., and R. Park. "Seismic behavior and retrofit of pre-1970's as-built exterior beam-column joints reinforced by plain round bars." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 34, no. 1 (2001): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.34.1.68-81.

Full text

Abstract:

Four exterior beam-column joints reinforced by plain round bars designed according to pre-1970's codes were subjected to simulated seismic loading. Each of the test units was full size in scale. The main test variables were the manner in which the longitudinal beam bars were hooked in the joint core and the level of the axial load applied to the columns. The amount of transverse reinforcement in the beams, columns and joint cores was very small, as was typical of the pre-1970's. The tests on the units demonstrated that the available stiffness and strength was low when the axial load was

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Shahu, J. T., and Y. R. Reddy. "Estimating long-term settlement of floating stone column groups." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 51, no. 7 (2014): 770–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0477.

Full text

Abstract:

Design charts for estimating long-term drained settlement of floating stone column group foundations are presented based on three-dimensional, elastoplastic, finite element analyses. In the analyses, the soft soil behavior is represented by the modified Cam-clay model while the stone column and mat are represented by the Mohr–Coulomb model. The finite element predictions are calibrated against model test results. A detailed parametric study of prototype stone column group foundations of various configurations is carried out to evaluate the relative importance of various foundation parameters o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Park, Keum-Sung, Sang-Sup Lee, Kyu-Woong Bae, and Jiho Moon. "Strength of Partially Encased Steel-Concrete Composite Column for Modular Building Structures." Materials 15, no. 17 (2022): 6045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176045.

Full text

Abstract:

Modular structural systems have been used increasingly for low- and mid-rise structures such as schools and apartment buildings, and applications are extending to high-rise buildings. To provide sufficient resistance and economical construction of the high-rise modular structural system, the steel-concrete composite unit modular structure was proposed. The proposed composite unit modular system consists of the composite beam and the partially encased nonsymmetrical composite column. The outside steel member of the composite column has an open section, and is manufactured using a pressed formin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Lui, E. M., and Manqing Sun. "Effective Lengths of Uniform and Stepped Crane Columns." Engineering Journal 32, no. 3 (1995): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v32i3.646.

Full text

Abstract:

Crane columns are used extensively in warehouses and mill buildings to support overhead cranes. In addition to carrying the dead and live loads of the moving cranes, crane columns are required to support the roof structure of the buildings. The cross-section of a crane column can be uniform or stepped. In the former, a bracket bolted or welded to the face of the column is used to support the runway girder as shown in Figure la. In the latter, the runway girder rests directly on the enlarged segment of the column as shown in Figure lb. In earlier years, it was common practice to erect the crane

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Mokhtar, Saiful Anuar Mohd, and Marina Mosir. "Optimizing for Viability – Revamping Vacuum Distillation Unit in a Brownfield Project." International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management 3, no. 11 (2020): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.47607/ijresm.2020.381.

Full text

Abstract:

Revamping an existing column in an operating plant for a higher throughput is always a challenge especially when the column is already operating at its rated capacity. This is particularly true for a Vacuum Distillation Unit (VDU) column which involves multiple product and pump-around streams and associated auxiliary units like a steam ejector system. Optimizing the design and operation of the column, hence, is inevitable to ensure the viability of a brownfield project as it avoids major modifications required to the column and its associated auxiliary systems. This paper discusses how optimiz

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Marifa, Tutur Afdol, Arif Setio Wibowo, Dzaky Alfaiz Halza, and Linda Permata. "Extracting the Topographic Features as a Pragmatic Survey for Landslide Susceptibility Analysis." Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral (JENERAL) 2, no. 1 (2021): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jeneral.v2i1.26398.

Full text

Abstract:

Landslide susceptibility mapping in the mountainous area has become crucial for taking any precautions and imperative for any disaster management. As safety factor is currently widely used to indicate the ratio of strength to stress in a unit column, it lacks what matters to the disaster response unit – the probability in which a landslide can occur in a place. A value of safety factor shows whether a unit column will fail (SF >1) but does not lead to which unit column will be prioritized for monitoring and prevention measures. Therefore, unit slopes are generated based on the watersheds to

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Khabbazian, Majid, Victor N. Kaliakin, and Christopher L. Meehan. "Column Supported Embankments with Geosynthetic Encased Columns: Validity of the Unit Cell Concept." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 33, no. 3 (2015): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-014-9826-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Nafees Ahmed, V., and A. Shriniwas Rao. "Performance evaluation of oscillatory baffle Bunsen reactor in iodine sulfur thermochemical process for hydrogen production." Clean Technologies and Recycling 3, no. 4 (2023): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/ctr.2023017.

Full text

Abstract:

<abstract> <p>Hydrogen is an environmentally attractive transportation fuel that can replace fossil fuels. The iodine-sulfur (I-S) thermo-chemical process involves three reaction steps. The Bunsen reaction is one of the main reaction steps of I-S process and plays an important role in defining overall process efficiency. Different types of reactors are being studied, including the oscillatory baffle Bunsen reactor. The reactor selection is based on process intensification and process integration, i.e., reaction and separation in the single equipment. Simulations are performed for t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Mohd Mokhtar, Saiful Anuar, and Marina Mosir. "OPTIMISING FOR VIABILITY – REVAMPING VACUUM DISTILLATION UNIT IN A BROWNFIELD PROJECT." Platform : A Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pjstvol4iss1art13540.

Full text

Abstract:

Revamping an existing column in an operating plant for higher throughput is always challenging, especially when operating at its rated capacity. This is particularly true for a Vacuum Distillation Unit (VDU) column which involves multiple product and pump-around streams and associated auxiliary units like a steam ejector system. Optimising the design and operation of the column, hence, is inevitable to ensure the viability of a brownfield project as it avoids major modifications required to the column and its associated auxiliary systems. This paper discusses how optimisation was done on an ex

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Cimentada, Ana, Almudena Da Costa, Jorge Cañizal, and César Sagaseta. "Laboratory study on radial consolidation and deformation in clay reinforced with stone columns." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 1 (2011): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t10-043.

Full text

Abstract:

A series of laboratory tests was performed to study the deformation and radial consolidation around end-bearing (fully penetrating) stone columns. For this purpose, the behaviour of a horizontal slice of a unit cell representative of a column and the surrounding soil was analysed. The tests were carried out in a Rowe–Barden large oedometric cell that was instrumented to measure vertical stresses and pore pressures at several distances from the axis. Two column geometries were tested, with cell-to-column diameter ratios of N = 3 and 4. The most important findings of this work were the rate of p

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Pasha, Pangeran Rafli, Annasit Annasit, and Sebhan Mulyawan. "Top Product Yield Optimization of Depropanizer Column 1-2 in Alkylation Unit At PT. PI." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 47, no. 1 (2024): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.47.1.1594.

Full text

Abstract:

Alkylation Unit is a component of PT PI Unit, tasked with processing feedstocks similar to Spent Propane-Propylene from Polypropylene Unit and Residual Butane-Butylene from Polymerization Unit. The Alkylation Unit is used to produce products such as Light Alkilate, Refrigerant, LPG C-4, and by-products in the form of High Alkilate. Depropanizer Column 1-2 found in this component plays an important role in separating the propane-propylene mix from n-Butane and heavier components through pressurized distillation. Depropanizer Column feed comes from the overhead product of Desiobuthanizer Column

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Zhou, San Ping, and Xi Man Lu. "A New Type of Packing Apparatus with High Efficiency and the Experimental Research of its Mass-Transfer Performance." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 3245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.3245.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, a new type of packing apparatus with high efficiency and uniform flow was developed to deal with wall effect and scaling effect of packed column. A desorption experiment was made in a circular cold-model experiment packed column by using air-water-CO2 as working substance, determining the height of mass transfer unit of liquid phase of the cold-model experiment packed column under different gas-liquid loads, with and without the packing apparatus. The experimental results show that under different spray densities, the height of mass transfer unit of liquid phase of the packed co

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

McCarthy, Gregory J. "Laboratory Note. A LOTUS 1-2-3 Spreadsheet to Aid in Data Reduction for Publication of X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 1 (1988): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013105.

Full text

Abstract:

My students and I have developed a LOTUS 1-2-3 spreadsheet to aid in data reduction tasks associated with preparing powder diffraction data for publication in the Powder Diffraction File (PDF) (1987) and this journal. Portions of a sample spreadsheet and the formulae in each of the computational cells are given in the Table 1. The concept of this spreadsheet should apply to any of the available computer spreadsheet programs, although the specific codes for the mathematical functions may differ.The user enters data only into columns C, D and F-H. All other entries will be calculated from the in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Abdelaziz, A. M., Ahmed Elshesheny, Nabil Abdelmotaal, and Nabil M. Nagy. "Numerical Behaviour of Stone Column in Soft Clayey Soil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1396, no. 1 (2024): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1396/1/012005.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Soft clayey soils present a geotechnical challenge due to their low shear strength and high compressibility. The finite element package, ABAQUS, is used to perform a comprehensive numerical analysis on stone columns. The study investigates the bearing capacity and vertical and lateral deformations of soft clayey soils due to installing stone columns in them. The numerical model using the unit cell concept investigates the influence of varying two main physical parameters, i.e. the stone column material strength (ϕ), and the native soil cohesion (c). Moreover, this study utilizes varia

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Samolová, Erika, and Jan Fábry. "Caesium propanoate monohydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 76, no. 8 (2020): 1307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989020009639.

Full text

Abstract:

Caesium propanoate monohydrate, Cs+·C3H5O2 −·H2O, is composed of two symmetry-independent Cs+ cations, which are situated on the special position 4e of space group P\overline421 m, one symmetry-independent propanoate molecule in a general position and a pair of water molecules also situated on special position 4e. Two pairs of these symmetry-independent cations, four propanoate molecules and two pairs of symmetry-independent water molecules form a repeat unit. These units form columns that are directed along the c axis and possess symmetry mm2. There are four such columns passing through each

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Liu, Aizhen, and R. Park. "Seismic load tests on two concrete interior beam-column joints reinforced by plain round bars designed to pre-1970s codes." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 31, no. 3 (1998): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.31.3.164-176.

Full text

Abstract:

Two identical reinforced concrete interior beam-column joint assemblies were tested under simulated seismic loading as part of an investigation of the behaviour of existing reinforced concrete structures designed to pre-1970s codes when subjected to severe earthquake forces. The test units were full-scale in size, and were replicas of part of the moment resisting frame of an existing building in Christchurch that was constructed in the 1950s. The longitudinal and transverse reinforcement were from plain round bars, the beams and columns had low quantities of transverse reinforcement and the jo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Mohtasham, Mohammad Reza, and Mahdi Khodaparast. "Investigation of the Effect of Dimensional Characteristics of Stone Column on Load-Bearing Capacity and Consolidation Time." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 6 (2018): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-0309184.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the best methods for rehabilitating loos and soft soils is the application of stone columns. This method enhances the soil properties by increasing its load-bearing capacity, decreasing the soil subsidence, and accelerating the consolidation rate. In the present paper, numerical analysis of a stone column of 10 m in length into a clayey soil using ABAQUS software is presented. The stone column was modelled based on the concept of unit cell, i.e. a single stone column with the surrounding soil. In this respect, material of the stone column was modelled using the elastoplastic behavioural

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Noor, Shabana, Sarvendra Kumar, Suhail Sabir, Rüdiger W. Seidel та Richard Goddard. "Crystal structure of {6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-[iminobis(propane-1,3-diylnitrilomethanylylidene)]diphenolato-κ5O1,N,N′,N′′,O1′}copper(II)". Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, № 11 (2015): m203—m204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015019684.

Full text

Abstract:

The title compound, [Cu(C20H23N3O4)], crystallizes in the space groupCcwith two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The CuIIatoms are each coordinated by the pentadentate Schiff base ligand in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal N3O2geometry. The equatorial plane is formed by the two phenolic O atoms and the amine N atom, while the axial positions are occupied by the two imine N atoms. In the crystal, the two independent molecules are each connected into a column along thebaxis through intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds. The two independent columns are further linked through an N—H..

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Wen, Duo, Xiao’an Zhang, and Li Yang. "Analysis of structural dynamic response of vertical sound barriers under natural wind and vehicle induced pulsating wind effects." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2791, no. 1 (2024): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2791/1/012049.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Aiming at the influence of natural wind and vehicle-induced pulsating wind on vertical sound barriers, a finite element plug-in panel sound barrier is established based on the finite element method for dynamic response analysis. This paper establishes a sound barrier finite element analysis model based on finite element analysis software. It takes the 8-span vertical sound barrier as the basic working condition to analyze the dynamic response analysis of the sound barrier structure under the action of natural wind of different grades, i.e., the influence of pressure and displacement;

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Alomari, Qusai A., and Daniel G. Linzell. "Performance Assessment of Fire-Damaged and CFRP-Repaired Bridge Columns Under Single Unit Truck Impact and Blast." Fire 8, no. 6 (2025): 227. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8060227.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent catastrophic bridge fire incidents have highlighted the critical need for effective post-fire assessment of bridges, thereby challenging the dominant practice of complete replacement following these destructive events. This study investigates the post-fire performance of bare, isolated, and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)-repaired Reinforced Concrete (RC) bridge columns under single-unit truck impact followed by air blast. This extreme loading scenario was deliberately selected given the increased vulnerability of bridge columns to this loading scenario in the recent few years. T

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Arina, Hein. "Pastoral Assistance Model of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa, Indonesia." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 11 (2022): 4877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i11-09.

Full text

Abstract:

Pastoral Assistance of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa (GMIM) North Sulawesi, Indonesia has its own challenges due to the diversity of cultures, ethnicities, and religions. Therefore, this study aims to describe the model of pastoral assistance of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa to be interesting. This study uses a qualitative research method with participatory observation, interviews, and documentation data collection techniques. The results showed that the GMIM Pastoral Assistance Model was carried out in stages starting from the Personal, Family, Column, Region, an

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Natig Abbasov, Nazim Hasanov, Natig Abbasov, Nazim Hasanov. "OPTİMİZATİON AND DYNAMİCS OF DİSTİLLATİON COLUMN." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 11, no. 03 (2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm11032022-20.

Full text

Abstract:

Ever increasing global energy demand necessitates the need to enhance energy generation and efficient utilization. As energy prices continue to rise, energy conservation is the prime concern for every industry. Distillation is probably the most studied unit operation in terms of optimization and control. Since distillation columns are major energy-intensive units in chemical plants and given the recent increase in fuel cost, the plant engineers are obliged to find better operating strategies and control systems. One of the significant sections that can be worked upon is finding the optimum fee

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Voinov, Nikolai A., Anastasiya V. Bogatkova, and Denis A. Zemtsov. "Intensification of Heat and Mass Transfer in a Diabatic Column with Vortex Trays." ChemEngineering 6, no. 2 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6020029.

Full text

Abstract:

We used vortex contact devices that we developed and investigated to make a new design of an alcohol diabatic distillation column with heat exchange pipes (as the reflux condenser) passing through concentrating section trays. In the column, ascending vapors partially condensed on the surface of vertically installed heat exchange tubes, forming a reflux. The reflux was then mixed with the draining liquid flow in the vortex contact devices placed on the trays. Heat was removed from the column through the boiling of the draining water film along the inner surface of the heat exchange pipes. We co

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Klykov, M. V., and T. V. Alushkina. "Development of Technological Schemes for Increasing the Selection of Vacuum Gas Oil." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 625, no. 3 (2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/0023-1169-2021-625-3-17-20.

Full text

Abstract:

The analysis of the operation of the vacuum columns of the ELOU AVT units showed that in a number of cases the half-gas contains up to 30% of vacuum gas oil with a boiling point of up to 560 ° C. A comparative analysis of three options for deepening the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil during the distillation of fuel oil has been carried out. A traditional scheme with a pressure reduction at the top of the vacuum column, the rectification of a half-sludge without heating it after the main vacuum column in an additional its subsequent rectification in the second column, with the selection of h

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

ÇORAPLI, Mahmut, and Gökhan ÇORAPLI. "Prognosis prediction of the mean tracheal air column area in COVID-19 patients." Anatolian Current Medical Journal 5, no. 1 (2023): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1206657.

Full text

Abstract:

Aim: SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently affects the lungs, it can also cause severe inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, leading to tracheal damage. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the mean tracheal air column and COVID-19.Material and Method: Chest computed tomography scans of COVID-19 patients treated in an intensive care unit between June 1st, 2020 and October 1st 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. The air column area of the trachea was measured and the effect of the values obtained on mortality and length of stay in the intensive care unit for patients COVID-19 was

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Ratanatamskul, C., C. Chiemchaisri, and K. Yamamoto. "The use of a zeolite-iron column for residual ammonia and phosphorus removal in the effluent from a membrane process as an on-site small-scale domestic wastewater treatment." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 9 (1995): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0354.

Full text

Abstract:

Laboratory-scale experiments were performed to investigate the performance of the on-site small-scale combined system of membrane separation bioreactor (MSB) and zeolite-iron (Z-Fe) column. Average nitrogen removal by the membrane separation bioreactor was varied from 83% at an influent nitrogen concentration of 30 mg/l to 50% at 75 mg/l. Residual ammonia nitrogen in the effluent from the membrane separation bioreactor was further polished by a Z-Fe column to an initially non-detectable concentration and finally to 1.2 mg/l. The average phosphorus removal by this column unit was 70%. Improveme

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Kumar, Neeraj, Rakesh Kumar, Bhawani S. Nirola, and Akash Jaiswal. "Numerical Analysis of a Dual-Layer Geosynthetic-Encased Stone Column Installed in Soft Soil." Advances in Civil Engineering 2023 (April 19, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5039439.

Full text

Abstract:

Stone columns are being used to reduce soft soil settlement and increase load-carrying capacity. Since there is inadequate lateral support from the local native soil, soft soil undergoes excessive settlement under vertical loading. This issue is effectively resolved by suitably encasing stone column material by geosynthetic with significant axial stiffness, which provides the required additional confinement reported in the literature. In the current study, an effort has been made to examine the load settlement behaviour of the dual-layered geosynthetic-encased stone column (DL-GESC) under vert

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Lee. "Test Result on Embedded Steel Column-to-Foundation Connection for Modular Unit Structural System." Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction 26, no. 6 (2014): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.7781/kjoss.2014.26.6.537.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Ramzan, N., S. Naveed, M. Faheem, N. Feroze, and W. Witt. "DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF DISTILLATION COLUMN UNIT TO STUDY OPERATIONAL FAILURES." Nucleus 46, no. 3 (2020): 147–52. https://doi.org/10.71330/thenucleus.2009.939.

Full text

Abstract:

Distillation column units present special safety hazards because of their large inventories, which often involve flammable solvents. Thus study of operational failures, which may results into incidents or accidents, in a distillation column unit by simulation is of value. In such cases, a mandatory condition in safety assessment is the detailed disturbance analysis through simulation to cover a wide range of operation. In this paper, scenarios such as loss of cooling, more or less steam flow rate, high or low feed flow rate etc. are simulated to evaluate control structures and for safety exami

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Ng, Ronald H., Mani Menon, and Jack H. Ladenson. "Collection and Handling of 24-Hour Urine Specimens for Measurement of Analytes Related to Renal Calculi." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 2 (1985): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.2.308.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Vol. 30 p 468: In line 7, left column, HCl should be 12 mol/L. p 536: In Figs. 4 and 5, change the unit on the ordinates to "%." Change the ordinate numbers on Fig. 4 from 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 to 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25. On Fig. 5, change the ordinate number from 120 to 30. p 725: In line 8, right column, change "logarithmic probability," to "probit." In Figs. 2 and 3, replace the terms "log 10" and "double log" by "probit" and "simple log," respectively. p 729: Insert "γ" in the empty space on line 23, right-hand column, so the expression reads "100(1 – γ)%." pp 856–7: Exchange th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!