Relevant bibliographies by topics / Communicative Output

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Communicative Output'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 13 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Communicative Output"

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Atajanova, Nazokat Mansur qizi. "The role of input and output in teaching English." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 5 (2024): 338–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11218650.

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The article discusses the importance of input and output in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). Input refers to the language that students are exposed to, while output refers to the language they use to communicate. The article highlights the role of input and output in language acquisition, emphasizing the need for a balance between the two. It also discusses the significance of communicative language teaching strategies and providing opportunities for students to practice speaking in real-world settings. Ultimately, the article concludes that effective language instruction involves both input and output, and that teachers should foster an environment that encourages students to engage in communicative activities.
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Sato, Rintaro. "Self-initiated Modified Output on the Road to Comprehensibility." JALT Journal 30, no. 2 (2008): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jaltjj30.2-4.

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As the importance of developing students’ communicative competence has been emphasized, activities in which students can have opportunities for speaking and communication have been widely employed in the Japanese English class. For learning or language acquisition to occur during communicative activities, students have to self-initiate their utterances (Shehadeh, 2001). This study, with Japanese high school students, examines whether self-initiation would occur effectively in three communicative activities involving only students. The results of this descriptive study revealed that successful self-initiated modified output did not occur frequently. Possible reasons for the findings, pedagogical implications and suggestions are proposed. 本研究では、高校生英語学習者がコミュニケーション活動において、自分の発話の中にtrouble source を見いだし、自分で修正使用しようとするself-initiated modified output をいかに効果的に行ったかが検証され、それらは期待されたほどの頻度では発生しなかったことが確認された。本論ではその原因、また、生徒のself-initiated modified outputの特徴について考察された。
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Sher, Muhammed Khan. "DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILLS OF UNDERGRADUATES THROUGH COMMUNICATIVE OUTPUT ACTIVITIES." International Journal of Marketing & Financial Management Volume 5, Issue 4, Apr-2017 (2017): pp 37–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.805383.

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The IT revolution and globalization of business have brought communication skills to the forefront of academia and industry. With the whole world becoming a global market and business becoming diverse and result-oriented, professionals are facing newer challenges in English proficiency every day. Moreover, English is also considered a bridge to make them employable soon after completing their graduation. In this backdrop, Indian students have become more conscious about good speaking skills besides acquiring technical knowledge. This global status of English has also led to significant changes in English Language Teaching and Learning. There is now a greater awareness among teachers of concepts, such as learner-centeredness and task-based learning. Learner-centered approach to language learning is considered effective by many ELT practitioners and teachers as compared to traditional approach. In this paper, an attempt is made to find ways to successfully teach speaking skills to undergraduates, which will in turn, cater to the insatiable demand for English proficiency in the global market. In this context, the problems of undergraduate learners with regard to their background and speaking apprehensions are analysed and then an attempt is made to find suitable ways for developing speaking skills. Pair work and group work which is of central importance to successful teaching and learning of speaking skills is discussed in particular. Certain communicative output activities such as role plays, discussions, information gap exercise etc. with regard to developing speaking skills are discussed as effective strategies. The paper concludes with suggestions as to how teachers through well–prepared sessions can encourage learners to experiment and innovate with the language, and create a supportive atmosphere that allows learners to make mistakes without fear of embarrassment in the process of developing their proficiency. This will contribute to their self-confidence as speakers and to their motivation to learn more.
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Durst-Andersen, Per, and Paul Cobley. "The communicative wheel: Symptom, signal, and model in multimodal communication." Semiotica 2018, no. 225 (2018): 77–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0228.

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AbstractThis paper addresses the need for a model of communication with a new, holistic conception of language within it. The resultant process model is called the Communicative Wheel. It consists of three communicative products: the sender’s input corresponding to his/her experience of a situation (symptom), an output corresponding to a piece of information to the receiver (signal), and the receiver’s intake corresponding to a description of the situation referred to (model). What the model of the wheel suggests, is that the understanding of “utterance” as symbolic needs to be replaced by an understanding of it as indexical.
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Narayan, Ravnil, and Vikrant Krishan Nair. "The Roles of Communicative Language Mechanisms in Occupational Health and Safety Milieu in Reducing Workplace Hazards." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 12, no. 2 (2021): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1202.07.

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Workplace safety communication plays an integral role in the day to day running of any organisation. The policies and procedures tend to provide a worker with the highest level of performance that is expected in terms of the output. Effective communication mechanisms are highly critical to ascertain the level of safety measures in order to achieve support and cooperation in maintaining an injury-free working milieu. Hence, communicative language mechanisms are needed to complement the technical and practical safety of all the workers. Unambiguous constructive safety communication mechanisms will lead to an improvement towards knowledge and fathoming of preventative measures that would enhance workplace safety practices. Thus, this study sought to highlight the occupational health and safety communicative language mechanisms, whereby the examples to illustrate the variety of safety communication has been analysed from a case study. The output of the research states that communicative language mechanisms in occupational health and safety (OHS), health and safety environment (HSE) tend to provide a better working environment, which can be considered as a conducive tool to avoid unwanted injuries and also to comprehend complicated occupational health and safety technical jargons.
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Tórrez, Nahúm Misael. "A framework for characterizing communication-oriented ELT textbooks." Nordic Journal of Language Teaching and Learning 9, no. 2 (2022): 66–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46364/njltl.v9i2.903.

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Textbooks hold a fundamental position in English Language Teaching (ELT). Today, their main aim is to contribute to the development of the learner’s communicative competence. This paper sets out to set the basis for constructing a framework for characterizing ELT textbooks, in terms of their opportunities to promote communicative competence. In order to provide a theoretical foundation for the framework, it first introduces the notions of input (Krashen, 1989) and output (Swain & Lapkin, 1995). Then, it presents two influential models of communicative competence, i.e., those of Canale and Swain (1980), and the Common European Framework for Reference of Languages (Council of Europe, 2001, 2018). Following that, it presents two significantly quoted sets of principles for the study of learning materials in Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), i.e., the principles of Richards and Rodgers (2014) and Nation (2007). Building on the models and principles, the paper suggests eleven criteria for characterizing communication-oriented ELT textbooks, covering input in the form of topics and texts, and output in the form of activities. A short discussion of the main affordances of the suggested framework is provided at the end of the article.
 
 Keywords: Communicative Competence, ELT Textbooks, Textbook Analysis, Communicative Language Teaching (CLT).
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Liming, Yu. "The Comprehensible Output Hypothesis and Self-directed Learning: A Learner's Perspective." TESL Canada Journal 8, no. 1 (1990): 09. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v8i1.575.

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In the course of his diary study dealing with communication strategies, the writer of this paper has found that the way of acquiring a language is not merely as simple as "understanding the message" as Krashen's Input Hypothesis (1985) claims. Swain's Comprehensible Output Hypothesis (1985) maintains that the development of a learner's communicative competence does not merely depend on comprehensible input: the learner's output has an independent and indispensible role to play. Swain's thesis has proved to be of relevance to the writer's experience as a self-directed learner. This paper discusses in detail the significance to language acquisition of pushing for comprehensible output. Three issues are discussed: (I) comprehensible output and negative input; (2) comprehensible output and incomprehensible output; (3) comprehensible output and comprehensible input.
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Byiers, Breanne J., Adele Dimian, and Frank J. Symons. "Functional Communication Training in Rett Syndrome: A Preliminary Study." American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 119, no. 4 (2014): 340–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-119.4.340.

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Abstract Rett syndrome (RTT) is associated with a range of serious neurodevelopmental consequences including severe communicative impairments. Currently, no evidence-based communication interventions exist for the population (Sigafoos et al., 2009). The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of functional assessment (FA) and functional communication training (FCT) methods for teaching 3 individuals (ages 15–47 years) with classic RTT novel communicative behaviors. Using single-case experimental designs, functional reinforcers were identified (FA) and each participant quickly learned to activate a voice-output switch to obtain a reinforcer (FCT). These results suggest that individuals with classic RTT can learn novel communicative responses, which has important implications for future intervention research.
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Liu, Xinchen. "The Impact of Recitation Approaches on the English Majors' Communication Proficiency." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 28 (April 1, 2024): 873–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/p654sw73.

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English majors, despite years of language study, often demonstrate a significant disparity between their language proficiency and communication skills. To tackle this issue, this study, based on the Input Hypothesis and the Output Hypothesis, explores the correlation between recitation input and communication output among 60 bilingual English major students. Using questionnaires and interviews as the main research methods, the study focuses on their current communication abilities and recitation input practices, with the aim of providing practical recommendations for enhancing communication skills through effective recitation input. The study reveals a positive correlation between recitation input and communication output. Students recognize the beneficial impact of recitation on their communicative proficiency. However, several challenges persist, including students' lack of motivation for recitation input and limited opportunities for communication practice. Consequently, their communication skills remain suboptimal. In response to these challenges, the author suggests diversifying recitation methods, selecting suitable recitation materials, and closely integrating recitation input with communication output.
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Gîfu, Daniela, and Mirela Teodorescu. "Communication Concepts vs. Sciences Concepts." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 29 (June 2014): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.29.48.

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The scientists as Bateson, Watzlawick expresses the determining role of interaction in the axiom of the “impossibility of not communicating”. All behavior (verbal and nonverbal) occurring between persons who are conscious of each other's presence has behavioural effects, whether intended or not. Such effects have interpersonal message value, and thus are communicative in nature. Since it is impossible for humans not to behave in one way or another, it follows that in interaction it is impossible not to communicate (Bateson, 1963; Watzlawick et al., 1967). Communication theory is relatively new as science and interacts with the other disciplines of sciences. During its development some of the notions were used that were already committed and comprehensive. This article aims to present some of them. Terms as system, input, output, feedback, entropy specific to scientific disciplines as systems theory, cybernetics, information theory, physics, are especially used in communication theory.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Communicative Output"

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Al-Dubai, Ahmed. "Towards efficient collective communication in multicomputer interconnection networks." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3679.

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Zhao, Liang. "Efficient routing and communication algorithms for wireless mesh networks." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2011. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/4267.

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Chalmers, Kevin. "Investigating communicating sequential processes for Java to support ubiquitous computing." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2009. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3507.

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Ubiquitous Computing promises to enrich our everyday lives by enabling the environment to be enhanced via computational elements. These elements are designed to augment and support our lives, thus allowing us to perform our tasks and goals. The main facet of Ubiquitous Computing is that computational devices are embedded in the environment, and interact with users and themselves to provide novel and unique applications. Ubiquitous Computing requires an underlying architecture that helps to promote and control the dynamic properties and structures that the applications require. In this thesis, the Networking package of Communicating Sequential Processes for Java (JCSP) is examined to analyse its suitability as the underlying architecture for Ubiquitous Computing. The reason to use JCSP Networking as a case study is that one of the proposed models for Ubiquitous Computing, the π-Calculus, has the potential to have its abstractions implemented within JCSP Networking. This thesis examines some of the underlying properties of JCSP Networking and examines them within the context of Ubiquitous Computing. There is also an examination into the possibility of implementing the mobility constructs of the π-Calculus and similar mobility models within JCSP Networking. It has been found that some of the inherent properties of Java and JCSP Networking do cause limitations, and hence a generalisation of the architecture has been made that should provide greater suitability of the ideas behind JCSP Networking to support Ubiquitous Computing. The generalisation has resulted in the creation of a verified communication protocol that can be applied to any Communicating Process Architecture.
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Gayen, Kaberi. "Modelling the influence of communication on fertility behaviour of women in rural Bangladesh." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2004. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/2783.

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The total fertility rate in Bangladesh declined from 6.3 children per women in 1975 to 3.3 in 1997-1999. This decline of 48 per cent over a 25-year period occurred without a substantial improvement in socio-economic status, health conditions and other factors thought to be essential for fertility decline. In this thesis it is postulated that current fertility behaviour is a manifestation of ideational change, which has occurred through mass media and interpersonal communication channels. To investigate the influence of communication on fertility behaviour and to control for demographic and socioeconomic and cultural variables, 724 married women of reptoductive age were interviewed from six rural villages of the six administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Another village was surveyed to compare the influence of religion. Data were collected in a full network basis in that one currently married woman with at least one child from each household of the entire village was interviewed. Sociometric data along with socio-economic-cultural and family planning practice data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The data have been analysed using statistical methods to construct models of factors, which influence the total number of children a woman has and those that determine the likelihood that a woman practices family planning. The main influencing variables to explain the total number of children were found to be wife's age, age at first child bom, number of family members, demand for male children, demand for female children, death of male children, place of giving birth, housing score, religion, equipment score, land property, FWA and information score. Whereas the influencing variables to explain the family planning practice were demand for male children, death of male children and variables connected with communication such as degree of interpersonal communication, mass media exposure, husband, Family Welfare Assistants (FWAs) and frequency of discussion with FWAs. Communication variables, especially interpersonal communication, were found to be most important in explaining family planning practice. More particularly, the dominant source of general information is relatives and friends. FWAs followed by friends and relatives are the main source of family planning information that along with husband influence fertility decisions. Hence, there was a need to ftu-ther understand the web of interactions among individuals, peer groups and opinion leaders using social network analysis. The web of communication links in which an individual exists and takes fertility decision was then modeled with the collected sociometric data. To do this, three matrices were constructed to reflect any communication link, the strength of these links and approval of family planning. Various centrality measures (in-degree, out-degree, betweenness and power), clique patterns and actors positions in the network were produced and analysed using Ucinet-6. This revealed that the actors who were not strongly connected or exist in the periphery of this web tended not to practice family planning. Also it was found that actors who overlap more than one clique are more likely to practice family planning. Variables created from the centrality measures were then added to the regression models for the total number of children and the use of family planning. In both the cases sociometric variables were found significant which ftirther enhanced the explanation of fertility behaviour of the women in rural Bangladesh. Using Structural Equation Models the direct and indirect effects of these variables were determined. Demographic, socio-economic-cultural variables were more directly associated in explaining total number of children while communication variables were directly associated in explaining family planning use, and family planning practice has a direct influence on the number of children born. Thus, as communication directly influences family planning practice it has an indirect influence on the Total Fertility Rate. From this work it is recommended that the service that was provided by the FWAs be reestablished and strengthened, husbands should be targeted in family planning motivation programmes and male contraceptive methods should be promoted. Also more motivational programmes should be incorporated in family planning programmes to create a positive image of female children and the extent of the social interaction among village women should be increased.
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Ziba, Anthony S. K. "Adoption of information and communication technologies for educational purposes in Malawian Secondary Schools." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2008. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3798.

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The adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) has often been motivated by ideas of bridging the digital divide and promoting socio-economic progress within these countries. For example, many LDCs within sub-Saharan Africa and development practitioners alike are enthusiastic about the prospects of socio-economic progress through the adoption and use of ICTs. In Malawi, this belief in ICT potential is widespread and it is presumed that the adoption of ICTs will provide a sufficient condition for socio-economic progress and will offer Malawi the opportunity to leapfrog stages of development and accelerate her progress in socio-economic spheres. In particular, the adoption of computer based ICTs for educational purposes in Malawian secondary schools is being widely promoted. However, in many LDCs particularly those within sub-Saharan Africa, the realisation of such over-hyped technological gains has always remained elusive and literature suggests that the use of computer based ICTs in LDCs is constrained by a cross section of critical challenges (Mansell and Wehn, 1998; Kawooya, 2002; Heeks, 2002). Wade (2004) further explains that ICT initiatives in LDCs are "... biased towards the supply side and give scant attention to demand" (Wade, 2004, pl9l) and that the alleged stories of ICT adoptions within the region are generalised with "little attention to scaling up problems" (p. 186). This suggests that ICT adoption processes can not be understood and explained by simply focusing on the perceived potential of ICTs and disregarding complex socio-technical influences which shape and are shaped by those adoption processes in LDC contexts. This research focussed on the development of a socio-technical conceptualisation of ICT adoption processes in Malawian secondary schools based on empirical evidence. Methodologically, it uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches and focuses on three main notions of ICT choice, ICT use and ICT value in order to investigate ICT adoption processes. Socio-Technical Interaction Networks (STINs) technique is used in order to analyse research data. In particular, analytical affordances provided by the Social Actor Model (Lamb, 2006) are used to gain rich insights into ICT adoption processes in Malawian secondary schools and to generate an evidence based theoretical conceptualisation which appreciates the inextricable interrelationship between ICTs and the context within which they are embedded. The developed framework illustrates the significance of a context specific socio-technical approach when implementing ICT initiatives in Malawian secondary schools and the researcher argues that it deepens our theoretical understanding of the socio-technical nature of technologies and can facilitate the implementation of ICT solutions that are aligned and valuable to the adopting context in LDCs like Malawi.
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Carver, Hannah. "Substance use communication between looked after young people and formal carers : a qualitative study." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2017. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/978712.

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Background: Good parent-child connectedness, general and substance use specific communication are protective against alcohol, tobacco and drug use during adolescence. Previous research also suggests that general communication with foster and other statutory carers is associated with more positive outcomes, including relationships with caregivers and siblings. However, no studies have examined substance use specific communication between looked after young people and their carers. Aims: The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of how carers and looked after young people communicate about alcohol, tobacco and drug use and the factors that shape communication, including the use of digital media. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, using in-depth interviews with 13 looked after young people in foster and residential care; two social workers; six foster carers and eight residential care workers. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and the data were analysed thematically. Findings: Relationships between carers and young people were crucial and acted as the antecedent to communication. Carers' role identity influenced their relationships with young people and their approach to and communication about substance use. Shared doing provided a way in which communication about substances could be facilitated in an environment which feels natural. The context in which communication occurred was important, with differences between foster and residential care. Digital media were viewed with caution, as something used to gain information about substances but not as a way of communicating with young people. Conclusions: The findings have implications for foster carers and residential care staff working with looked after young people, in terms of relationships and communication about substance use. Carers should continue to develop positive relationships with young people, whilst considering the potentially negative effects of conflicts in professional role identity. Techniques such as shared doing and encouraging natural conversations about substance use may help.
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Donati, Simone <1981&gt. "An Input-Process-Output Approach to Interorganizational Teams: The Influence of Work Group Diversity, Trust and Shared Leadership on Communication Network and Team Outputs." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5853/1/Simone_Donati_2013_PhD_Dissertation.pdf.

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The market’s challenges bring firms to collaborate with other organizations in order to create Joint Ventures, Alliances and Consortia that are defined as “Interorganizational Networks” (IONs) (Provan, Fish and Sydow; 2007). Some of these IONs are managed through a shared partecipant governance (Provan and Kenis, 2008): a team composed by entrepreneurs and/or directors of each firm of an ION. The research is focused on these kind of management teams and it is based on an input-process-output model: some input variables (work group’s diversity, intra-team's friendship network density) have a direct influence on the process (team identification, shared leadership, interorganizational trust, team trust and intra-team's communication network density), which influence some team outputs, individual innovation behaviors and team effectiveness (team performance, work group satisfaction and ION affective commitment). Data was collected on a sample of 101 entrepreneurs grouped in 28 ION’s government teams and the research hypotheses are tested trough the path analysis and the multilevel models. As expected trust in team and shared leadership are positively and directly related to team effectiveness while team identification and interorganizational trust are indirectly related to the team outputs. The friendship network density among the team’s members has got positive effects on the trust in team and on the communication network density, and also, through the communication network density it improves the level of the teammates ION affective commitment. The shared leadership and its effects on the team effectiveness are fostered from higher level of team identification and weakened from higher level of work group diversity, specifically gender diversity. Finally, the communication network density and shared leadership at the individual level are related to the frequency of individual innovative behaviors. The dissertation’s results give a wider and more precise indication about the management of interfirm network through “shared” form of governance.
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Donati, Simone <1981&gt. "An Input-Process-Output Approach to Interorganizational Teams: The Influence of Work Group Diversity, Trust and Shared Leadership on Communication Network and Team Outputs." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5853/.

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The market’s challenges bring firms to collaborate with other organizations in order to create Joint Ventures, Alliances and Consortia that are defined as “Interorganizational Networks” (IONs) (Provan, Fish and Sydow; 2007). Some of these IONs are managed through a shared partecipant governance (Provan and Kenis, 2008): a team composed by entrepreneurs and/or directors of each firm of an ION. The research is focused on these kind of management teams and it is based on an input-process-output model: some input variables (work group’s diversity, intra-team's friendship network density) have a direct influence on the process (team identification, shared leadership, interorganizational trust, team trust and intra-team's communication network density), which influence some team outputs, individual innovation behaviors and team effectiveness (team performance, work group satisfaction and ION affective commitment). Data was collected on a sample of 101 entrepreneurs grouped in 28 ION’s government teams and the research hypotheses are tested trough the path analysis and the multilevel models. As expected trust in team and shared leadership are positively and directly related to team effectiveness while team identification and interorganizational trust are indirectly related to the team outputs. The friendship network density among the team’s members has got positive effects on the trust in team and on the communication network density, and also, through the communication network density it improves the level of the teammates ION affective commitment. The shared leadership and its effects on the team effectiveness are fostered from higher level of team identification and weakened from higher level of work group diversity, specifically gender diversity. Finally, the communication network density and shared leadership at the individual level are related to the frequency of individual innovative behaviors. The dissertation’s results give a wider and more precise indication about the management of interfirm network through “shared” form of governance.
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Masiye, Brighton. "An investigation of the perceived impact of performance management systems on managers and care assistants in private care of the elderly in care homes in Scotland." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2017. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/979188.

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Literature on performance management (PM) indicates that the concept has gained momentum in its use by organisations, with the ultimate goal of improving business performance. It is argued that PM makes significant contributions to individual employees and organisational performance by enabling expectations to be defined and agreed in terms of the role, responsibilities and accountabilities, and providing opportunities for individuals to identify their own goals and to develop their skills and competencies. However, there has been much debate as to whether PM optimises or leads to improved overall business performance as other factors other than human resources policies, such as personality, job role experiences, and structural factors, may have a detrimental influence on job performance. Moreover, several studies have shown that PM, and performance management systems (PMS) has resulted in unintended impacts, both positive and negative, in addition to those sought by organisations. This research is an investigation into the perception of managers and care assistants in private care of the elderly in care homes in Scotland on the impact of performance management systems. Use is made of both PM literature and empirical research to understand the perceived impact of the PMS with the ultimate aim of developing an enhanced PMS framework. In addition to documents review, twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted, comprising of eight managers and sixteen care assistants drawn from eight different private care homes. The interviews focused on eight key PM elements, the PM concept, goal-setting, performance reviews, performance measurement, supporting performance, rewards system, training and development, and managing underperformance. The interview results from managers and care assistants were compared with the normative/ideal PM practice from the PM literature to determine how PMS is being implemented in the private care homes. The research findings reveal an overall positive perception towards PMS implementation by managers. However, the care assistants raised many of concerns which influenced a negative perception towards the PMS implementation. This was used as the basis for developing recommendations for an enhanced PMS framework. Therecommendations are centred around the identified two main problem areas: management/leadership style and the communication process. In addition to staff involvement in performance planning, and a fair underperformance management process, three other theories: power distance, vertical and horizontal trust, and the principal-agent problem were recommended to private care homes. This would help change the negative perception towards PMS implementation by care assistants.
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Tinson, Julie S. "To what extent do the categorisations of novice and expert contribute to an understanding of the evaluation and communication of service provision in the maternity services." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 1999. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/7311.

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Introduction Measuring consumer expectations and perceptions of service provision is supported by both practitioners and academics. The National Health Service, as a result of policy reforms and structural changes, recognises the role of the patient in health care and is gradually incorporating patient views in policy and practice. This study explores the experience of the patient and its affect on the expectations and perceptions of the service provision. Two hospitals, antenatal and postnatal groups were utilised to ascertain the views and experiences of pregnant and recently delivered women. Methodology Focus groups were held with women who had delivered, since the implementation of the Patient's Charter, to establish the expectations of the women using the service provision. Issues of priority to these women and the perception of their overall service experience were also considered. In-depth interviews were then conducted with pregnant women to identify expectations of their forthcoming delivery and subsequent in-depth interviews were conducted with the same women once they had delivered their children. This was to evaluate their perceptions and compare them with their initial expectations. Finally, key themes and recurrent ideas were tested, using hypotheses developed after the qualitative research. The questionnaire approach was to substantiate or discount the findings of the first two stages of the research. Dissemination Familiar service quality attributes were recognisable from the analysis of the comments. Although there were issues on which women agreed unanimously, many elements of the service provision were viewed differently by women with experience and women from varying categories of residential area. The results also demonstrated that the use and dependence of referent groups varied between the women and that this was imperative for communication. Statistically, the use of referent groups, substantiated through the questionnaire analysis, provided significant results to support the initial findings. Contribution Using the information from the qualitative research, a Maternity User's Matrix was developed identifying key characteristics of users' of this service provision. The significant results from the quantitative research were used to develop an existing consumer behaviour model. Using expectations, levels of satisfaction and perceptions of consumers, this research has implications for service provision, health practice, future research and service itself.
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Books on the topic "Communicative Output"

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(Uganda), Karamoja Data Centre. Overview of KDC current output. Daramoja Data Centre, 2002.

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Costa, Nelson. Multiple-input multiple-output channel models: Theory and practice. Wiley, 2010.

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Rydeman, Bitte. The growth of phrases: User-centred design for activity-based voice output communication aids. Department of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science, University of Gothenburg, 2010.

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Schreyer, Paul. Information and communication technology and the measurement of real output, final demand, and productivity. OECD, 1998.

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Schreyer, Paul. The contribution of information and communication technology to output growth: A study of the G7 countries. OECD, 2000.

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Hunter, Laorag. The Oldham 32 communication framework: A system for organising vocabulary in a speech output communication aid with an overlay of 32 pictures. Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994.

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W, Mullennix John, and Stern Steven 1966-, eds. Computer synthesized speech technologies: Tools for aiding impairment. Medical Information Science Reference, 2010.

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Mullennix, John W. Computer synthesized speech technologies: Tools for aiding impairment. Medical Information Science Reference, 2010.

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Institute Of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE standard for communicating among processors and peripherals using shared memory (Direct Memory Access--DMA). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1994.

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Medici, Marco, Valentina Modugno, and Alessandro Pracucci, eds. How to face the scientific communication today. International challenge and digital technology impact on research outputs dissemination. Firenze University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-497-8.

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Dissemination of scientific results is an important and necessary component of research activity. Nowadays research asks to be widely diffused and shared in a larger community in the effort to demonstrate its innovation and originality, so to enlarge network and obtain funds to keep working. In this context, PhD students, as part of scientific community and young researchers in training, have to understand the rule of publications to define the best strategy for the dissemination of their research. The present book, through the experiences of national and international PhD candidates, PhDs and Professors, is a contribute in the current opened debate on the most effective strategies and related tools to design specific actions, to highlight and improve the peculiar qualities and disciplines of each research.
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Book chapters on the topic "Communicative Output"

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Swain, Merrill, and Wataru Suzuki. "Interaction, Output, and Communicative Language Learning." In The Handbook of Educational Linguistics. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470694138.ch39.

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Heywood, Emma. "Radio, Women, and Politics." In Palgrave Studies in Communication for Social Change. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35985-9_2.

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AbstractThis chapter examines women’s empowerment through the role of radio in promoting participation in politics and decision-making approaches. It focuses on the output of two radio studios, one in Niger and one in Mali, which both broadcast a series of women-related programmes on political engagement.Radio as a communicative tool draws on multiple formats to promote listener engagement and information retention. Broadcasts must be designed to be ‘listenable’ for their intended audience, and the format and content must therefore ensure that both the message giver (the radio studio) and the message receiver (the listener) have their information needs met.The chapter analyses the benefits and shortcomings of the formats used by the two studios to allow various voices to be heard and to promote political participation among women in the two countries. In doing so, it questions how the provision of information can help women make first-order strategic choices or decisions on a macro level and whether to engage in politics while meeting their civic responsibilities and gendered expectations.
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Offit, Paul A., Anne Snow, Thomas Fernandez, et al. "Voice Output Communication Aids." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1713.

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Mueller, Vannesa T. "Voice Output Communication Aids." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1713.

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Pederson, Donald O., and Kartikeya Mayaram. "Basic IC Output Stages." In Analog Integrated Circuits for Communication. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2128-7_5.

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Hansen, Anders, and David Machin. "Measuring output: content analysis." In Media and Communication Research Methods. Macmillan Education UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-27225-6_5.

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Pederson, Donald O., and Kartikeya Mayaram. "Basic IC Output Stages." In Analog Integrated Circuits for Communication. Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68030-9_6.

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Nyce, David S. "Sensor Outputs and Communication Protocols." In Understanding Position Sensors. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003368991-3.

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Jeong, Dong-Gyu, Do-Sun Song, and Young-Hun Lee. "Output Current-Voltage Characteristic of a Solar Concentrator." In Communication and Networking. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17604-3_26.

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Speidel, Joachim. "Principles of Multiple Input Multiple Output Transmission." In Signals and Communication Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00548-1_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Communicative Output"

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Saha, Priyam, Kazi Md Abrar Yeaser, S. M. Rifat Ibn Musa, and Md Saiful Islam Bablu. "Single Input Multi-Output DC-DC Buck-Boost Converter: Exploring Configurations for Increased Gain and Multiple Outputs." In 2025 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Engineering (ECCE). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/ecce64574.2025.11013786.

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Du, Lina, Junfeng Wang, and Ailing Zhang. "Multi-input multi-output underwater acoustic communication based on OTSM-IM." In 4th International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing Technology and Electronic Information (AMTEI 2024), edited by Wenfeng Hu, Wennian Yu, and Aniruddha Bhattacharjya. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3054439.

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Miao, Xuan-Wei, Sheng-Yuan Zheng, Pouya Torkaman, Kai-Ming Feng, and Shang-Hua Yang. "Single-input Single-output Terahertz Communication System with Multi-channel Access." In 2024 49th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irmmw-thz60956.2024.10697698.

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Yamamoto, Shuto, Hiroki Taniguchi, Masanori Nakamura, and Etsushi Yamazaki. "200-Gbaud PAM4 O-Band Transmission Using Advanced MLSE with Simple-Soft-Output Scheme and Turbo Product Codes." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2025.m1g.4.

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We demonstrate 200-Gbaud PAM4 transmission with 10-dB bandwidth of 68 GHz in which an advanced MLSE with simple-soft-output scheme improves NGMI. We show that the simple-soft-output scheme is applicable to turbo product codes.
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LI, YUANTING. "THE CULTIVATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION TALENTS IN SINO-FOREIGN COOPERATIVE EDUCATION." In 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED EDUCATION AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (AEIM 2021). Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/aeim2021/36007.

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Abstract. The study mainly explores the main characteristics, existing problems and corresponding solutions of Sino-foreign cooperative education in cultivating intercultural communication talents. It adopts exploratory analysis and case studies through data collected principally from QMUL Engineering School, NPU and Glasgow College, UESTC. It is found that students in Sino-foreign cooperative education have strong intercultural communication competence since they have: 1) a good master of foreign language; 2) more opportunities to communicate and exchange with foreigners; 3) strong acceptance towards multi-cultures; 4) strong initiative and practical-ness to work or study abroad. However, problems and challenges exist, such as poor language output, superficial intercultural communication and unstable intercultural communicative approach. It is suggested to adopt diversified assessment modes, create an intercultural communicative environment and build an intercultural assistant mechanism to comprehensively promote the cultivation of intercultural communication talents in Sino-foreign cooperative education.
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ZHONG, TIANJING. "STUDY ON THE SUBTITLE TRANSLATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ECO-TRANSLATOLOGY—A CASE STUDY OF CHINESE- ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF YAO-CHINESE FOLKTALES." In 2023 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOCIAL SCIENCE. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/isss2023/36100.

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In recent years, under the strategic background of national cultural soft power construction, the domestic animation industry has shown a rapid development trend. The output of China’s image in domestic animation is not only an important channel to tell the story of China, but also a showcase of Chinese culture going abroad. Guided by Ecotranslatology, this study uses the principle of three-dimensional transformation to explore how to show cultural self-confidence and achieve communicative purposes in the translation of animated subtitles, taking Yao-Chinese Folktales, a popular domestic animated series in 2023, as an example. It is found that translators often choose appropriate translation strategies, methods and techniques to achieve translation effects in linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions, promoting full communication between the source culture and the target culture. The purpose of this study is to provide reference for the subtitle translation of domestic animation and make contribution to the enhancement of international influence of Chinese animation and Chinese traditional culture.
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Ketoeva, N. L., M. A. Znamenskaya, and V. K. Dranitsyna. "Model for Managing Digitalization of Education in Higher Education Institutions." In International scientific and practical conference “Smart cities and sustainable development of regions” (SMARTGREENS 2024). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.63550/iceip.2025.1.1.001.

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The article is devoted to topical issues of developing a model for managing the digitalization of education in higher educational institutions. The article analyzes the level of penetration of Internet technologies at the international level and in the Russian Federation. The study showed the readiness of countries, including Russia, to accept digitalization, including in the educational environment. In the process of research, problems and paths to the digitalization of education were identified, which are mainly related to the communicative abilities of students. Based on this, the authors identified elements of the problem of reducing the communicative ability of students, such as: lack of skill in establishing contact with other subjects of learning, inability to behave in classes in a distance format, difficulties in perceiving the course material, lack of selforganization and self-education skills for independent work with educational material and a formal attitude towards completing assignments. All of the above aspects predetermined the formation of the model. The model for managing the digitalization of education in higher education institutions includes input and output data, as well as the creation of a digital educational environment with dedicated subjects. The developed model for managing the digitalization of education at universities will help solve problems that arise on the way to the digital transformation of education. All of the above will contribute to the formation of a digital educational environment, implying a set of digital learning tools, as well as a deep modernization of the educational process, which should ensure the preparation of a person for life and professional activity in a digital society and digital economy.
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Troshina, Yulia, and Natalia Sazonova. "RESEARCH INTO THEORETICAL BACKGROUND TO AN ONLINE EFL COURSE." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-081.

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The purpose of this article is to introduce a solid theoretical background to designing a practical online English course. To this end we conducted a survey to collect university students’ opinions, expectations, and previous experiences of e-learning. We believe that obtained information can help us create an efficient e-learning system which would satisfy the learners’ needs. Students could benefit from such course because some current English syllabi include 70% and more of self-instruction. We surveyed about 300 people, all of whom are students of Ural Federal University aged 17-22 with approximately equal number of men and women. In what follows we enumerate some of our findings. First, most of the students range between CEFR A1 and B2 which limits our target audience to these levels. Second, the majority of students are ready to spend 1-3 hours a week on the course. Third, in line with modern communicative approach to teaching English we expected students to be more focused on lexical rather than grammatical aspect of language, and general English rather than ESP. General English appeared to be more preferable, 67% chose it over ESP, with grammar/vocabulary distribution being approximately equal. We discovered preferable forms of input, output and assessment. Majority of students would enjoy the possibility of both working individually and together, moreover they expect to have a forum for communication. Answers concerning motivation were varied but most of the respondents prefer to get some credits for completing the course. In open question form students shared their experiences in doing other online courses. It gives the chance to take into account and minimize difficulties and problems listed by the respondents.
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Qureshi, Adam, Christopher Peters, and Ian Apperly. "Interaction and engagement between an agent and participant in an on-line communication paradigm as mediated by gaze direction." In the 2013 Inputs-Outputs Conference. ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2557595.2557603.

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Rosborough, Victoria, Juergen Musolf, Thomas Liu, et al. "Compact Hybrid-Integrated Multi-Wavelength O-Band Laser Source using Photonic Wire Bonding." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2024.w2a.27.

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We present an O-band multi-wavelength source for wavelength division multiplexed optical transceivers. The source architecture comprises a monolithic DFB laser array hybrid-integrated with a Si3N4 star coupler via photonic wire bonds. The prototype source outputs an eight-wavelength comb into each of eight output fibers.
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Reports on the topic "Communicative Output"

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Stayer, Jane. Facilitating Independent Communication for an Adult with Severe, Nonfluent Aphasia Using a Voice Output Communication Aid. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6674.

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Stavrakakis, I., and D. Kazakos. On the Approximation of the Output Process of Multi-User Random Access Communication Networks. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada186197.

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Frost, Olivia, Susanna Cartmell, Sophie Reeve, and Alice Mutimer. Communicating New Evidence Through APRA Working Papers and Briefs. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.028.

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Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) has been a six-year research programme of the Future Agricultures Consortium (FAC), aiming to identify the most effective pathways to agricultural commercialisation that empower women, reduce rural poverty and improve nutrition and security in sub-Saharan Africa. Through in-depth, interdisciplinary, comparative research across nine countries, APRA has generated high-quality evidence and policy-relevant insights on more inclusive pathways to agricultural commercialisation. To disseminate its research findings and policy messages, APRA had a multi-format strategy to produce a portfolio of mutually-reinforcing publications to inform a broad spectrum of actors. This report evaluates APRA's publication outputs to understand what went well, and to identify what improvements could have been made.
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Mutimer, Alice, Susanna Cartmell, Sophie Reeve, and Olivia Frost. The Power of Blogs to Share Research and Communicate Policy Lessons. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.031.

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Over the course of the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) Programme (2016-22), researchers produced over 150 publications, including Working Papers, Briefs, COVID-19 Papers, Journal Articles and several books. The intended audience of these publications varied, from the academic community to national and regional policymakers and other stakeholders; but their value is multiplied when they engage a broader audience. A key approach taken by APRA’s Information, Communication and Engagement team to further the reach of these publications was to support the researchers in publishing weekly blogs. Ranging in length from 700 to 1,000 words, these blogs condensed the key insights and messages from longer, more technical publications, particularly highlighting valuable findings and policy takeaways, into a shorter, more accessible and relevant format. With over 200 blogs published since 2018, these outputs have proved highly valuable in promoting APRA publications and events, receiving multiple viewings from a diverse audience and leading to significant subsequent downloads of the related research outputs. This report explores the use of blogs throughout the APRA programme to identify what went well and what could have been improved to expand their impact even further.
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Gallego, Juan Miguel, Alejandro Nieves, Fernando Vargas, Lina M. Díaz, and José Luis Saboin. Heterogeneous Returns to ICT Capital: Insights from Colombian Manufacturing Firms. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18235/0013386.

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The persistent productivity gap between Latin America and the Caribbean and high-income countries is partially attributed to low levels of innovation and limited adoption of technologies, such as information and communication technologies (ICT). ICT capital has been shown to enhance firm performance, yet its role in emerging markets remains underexplored. In this study, we analyze the impact of ICT capital on output in Colombian manufacturing firms from 2013 to 2018. Using an augmented production function, we estimate the output elasticity of ICT capital while addressing potential endogeneity and measurement concerns. Here, we show that ICT capital contributes significantly to output, with elasticities comparable to non-ICT capital and labor. The results reveal substantial heterogeneity: innovative, high-tech, exporting, and big firms have higher ICT capital elasticities than their noninnovative, low-tech, nonexporting, and smaller counterparts. These patterns suggest that complementarities exist between ICT and firms assets related to innovation, export orientation, and growth. The findings presented here contribute to the literature on ICT capitals role in firm productivity and inform policy making by emphasizing the need for different strategies to foster digital transformation in SMEs and in low-tech sectors.
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Miguel-Segarra, Susana, and Marta Martín-Llaguno. La producción bibliográfica sobre el etiquetamiento y conceptualización de los profesionales de la comunicación organizacional en España / Bibliographic output on the labeling and conceptualization of organizational communication professionals in Spain. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-10-2015-10-163-188.

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Lips, Urmas, Oliver Samlas, Vasily Korabel, Jun She, Stella-Theresa Stoicescu, and Caroline Cusack. Demonstration of annual/quarterly assessments and description of the production system. EuroSea, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d6.2.

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This task set out to increase communication between the ocean monitoring and modelling communities in the Baltic Sea area. Through these improved communications, the goal was to advance and improve the HELCOM marine environmental assessments. To gain confidence in the numerical model outputs, an effort was undertaken to ensure ocean observing in-situ data, collected by multiple nations in the Baltic Sea, was assimilated into a numerical model. Here, we report on the development of indicators, as requested by our stakeholders, and we discuss if the Baltic Sea numerical modelling efforts are ready to augment regional environmental status reports, and can our results help guide environmental management in the region.
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Bourrier, Mathilde, Michael Deml, and Farnaz Mahdavian. Comparative report of the COVID-19 Pandemic Responses in Norway, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. University of Stavanger, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.254.

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The purpose of this report is to compare the risk communication strategies and public health mitigation measures implemented by Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic based on publicly available documents. The report compares the country responses both in relation to one another and to the recommendations and guidance of the World Health Organization where available. The comparative report is an output of Work Package 1 from the research project PAN-FIGHT (Fighting pandemics with enhanced risk communication: Messages, compliance and vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak), which is financially supported by the Norwegian Research Council's extraordinary programme for corona research. PAN-FIGHT adopts a comparative approach which follows a “most different systems” variation as a logic of comparison guiding the research (Przeworski &amp; Teune, 1970). The countries in this study include two EU member States (Sweden, Germany), one which was engaged in an exit process from the EU membership (the UK), and two non-European Union states, but both members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA): Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, Germany and Switzerland govern by the Continental European Federal administrative model, with a relatively weak central bureaucracy and strong subnational, decentralised institutions. Norway and Sweden adhere to the Scandinavian model—a unitary but fairly decentralised system with power bestowed to the local authorities. The United Kingdom applies the Anglo-Saxon model, characterized by New Public Management (NPM) and decentralised managerial practices (Einhorn &amp; Logue, 2003; Kuhlmann &amp; Wollmann, 2014; Petridou et al., 2019). In total, PAN-FIGHT is comprised of 5 Work Packages (WPs), which are research-, recommendation-, and practice-oriented. The WPs seek to respond to the following research questions and accomplish the following: WP1: What are the characteristics of governmental and public health authorities’ risk communication strategies in five European countries, both in comparison to each other and in relation to the official strategies proposed by WHO? WP2: To what extent and how does the general public’s understanding, induced by national risk communication, vary across five countries, in relation to factors such as social capital, age, gender, socio-economic status and household composition? WP3: Based on data generated in WP1 and WP2, what is the significance of being male or female in terms of individual susceptibility to risk communication and subsequent vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak? WP4: Based on insight and knowledge generated in WPs 1 and 2, what recommendations can we offer national and local governments and health institutions on enhancing their risk communication strategies to curb pandemic outbreaks? WP5: Enhance health risk communication strategies across five European countries based upon the knowledge and recommendations generated by WPs 1-4. Pre-pandemic preparedness characteristics All five countries had pandemic plans developed prior to 2020, which generally were specific to influenza pandemics but not to coronaviruses. All plans had been updated following the H1N1 pandemic (2009-2010). During the SARS (2003) and MERS (2012) outbreaks, both of which are coronaviruses, all five countries experienced few cases, with notably smaller impacts than the H1N1 epidemic (2009-2010). The UK had conducted several exercises (Exercise Cygnet in 2016, Exercise Cygnus in 2016, and Exercise Iris in 2018) to check their preparedness plans; the reports from these exercises concluded that there were gaps in preparedness for epidemic outbreaks. Germany also simulated an influenza pandemic exercise in 2007 called LÜKEX 07, to train cross-state and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007). In 2017 within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with WHO and World Bank representatives to prepare for potential future pandemics (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). Prior to COVID-19, only the UK had expert groups, notably the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), that was tasked with providing advice during emergencies. It had been used in previous emergency events (not exclusively limited to health). In contrast, none of the other countries had a similar expert advisory group in place prior to the pandemic. COVID-19 waves in 2020 All five countries experienced two waves of infection in 2020. The first wave occurred during the first half of the year and peaked after March 2020. The second wave arrived during the final quarter. Norway consistently had the lowest number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per million. Germany’s counts were neither the lowest nor the highest. Sweden, Switzerland and the UK alternated in having the highest numbers per million throughout 2020. Implementation of measures to control the spread of infection In Germany, Switzerland and the UK, health policy is the responsibility of regional states, (Länders, cantons and nations, respectively). However, there was a strong initial centralized response in all five countries to mitigate the spread of infection. Later on, country responses varied in the degree to which they were centralized or decentralized. Risk communication In all countries, a large variety of communication channels were used (press briefings, websites, social media, interviews). Digital communication channels were used extensively. Artificial intelligence was used, for example chatbots and decision support systems. Dashboards were used to provide access to and communicate data.
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Yonally, Emilie, Nadia Butler, Santiago Ripoll, and Olivia Tulloch. Review of the Evidence Landscape on the Risk Communication and Community Engagement Interventions Among the Rohingya Refugees to Enhance Healthcare Seeking Behaviours in Cox's Bazar. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.032.

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This report is the first output in a body of work undertaken to identify operationally feasible suggestions to improve risk communication and community engagement efforts (RCCE) with displaced Rohingya people in Cox’s Bazar. Specifically, these should seek to improve healthcare seeking behaviour and acceptance of essential health services in the camps where the Rohingya reside. It was developed by the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) at the request of the UK Foreign, Commonwealth &amp; Development Office in Bangladesh. As a first step in this process, this review paper synthesises and assesses the quality of evidence landscape available in Cox’s Bazar and how the Rohingya seek and access healthcare services in Cox’s Bazar and presents the findings from key informant interviews on the topic. Findings are structured in five discussion sections: (1) evidence quality; (2) major themes and variations in the evidence; (3) learnings drawn and recommendations commonly made; (4) persistent bottlenecks; and (5) areas for further research. This synthesis will inform a roundtable discussion with key actors working for the Rohingya refugees to identify next steps for RCCE and research efforts in Cox’s Bazar to improve health outcomes among the Rohingya.
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Reeve, Sophie, Alice Mutimer, Susanna Cartmell, and Olivia Frost. Investing in Social Media Pays Big Dividends. APRA, Future Agricultures Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2022.026.

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Over the past six years, the use of social media, including Twitter, Facebook and WhatsApp, has been a vital part of APRA’s Communications Strategy in raising awareness of the programme’s activities and outputs. Since 2016, APRA’s social media profile has been embedded within the Future Agricultures Consortium’s (FAC) well-established online channels – including Facebook and Twitter – with the view to increase FAC’s followings and enhance APRA’s visibility. The Impact, Communication and Engagement team has been responsible for developing APRA’s Digital Strategy and tracking the impact of social media activities, including sharing APRA’s publications and news on events, and promoting APRA’s key research messages. This report explores this impact, what went well, and what could be improved as future programmes plan their own social media efforts.
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