Academic literature on the topic 'Complex Networks of treaties'

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex Networks of treaties"

1

Denters, Erik, and Tarcisio Gazzini. "The Role of African Regional Organizations in the Promotion and Protection of Foreign Investment." Journal of World Investment & Trade 18, no. 3 (2017): 449–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340048.

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A complex, fragmented and heterogeneous network of domestic and international legal instruments promotes and protects foreign investment in Africa. While bilateral treaties seem to be increasingly unpopular, regionalism is clearly on the rise in the continent. The article examines how regional treaties have contributed to upgrade the current regulation of foreign investment. From this perspective, Africa can be seen as a normative laboratory. Regional treaties, most prominently those concluded within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Southern African Development Co
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Fang, Xinli, Qiang Yang, and Wenjun Yan. "Outer Synchronization between Complex Networks with Nonlinear Time-Delay Characteristics and Time-Varying Topological Structures." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/437673.

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This paper exploits the network outer synchronization problem in a generic context for complex networks with nonlinear time-delay characteristics and nonidentical time-varying topological structures. Based on the classic Lyapunov stability theory, the synchronization criteria and adaptive control strategy are presented, respectively, by adopting an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii energy function and the convergence of the system error can also be well proved. The existing results of network outer synchronization can be obtained by giving certain conditions, for example, treating the coupling m
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Liu, Xiangrong, Zengyan Hong, Juan Liu, et al. "Computational methods for identifying the critical nodes in biological networks." Briefings in Bioinformatics 21, no. 2 (2019): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbz011.

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Abstract A biological network is complex. A group of critical nodes determines the quality and state of such a network. Increasing studies have shown that diseases and biological networks are closely and mutually related and that certain diseases are often caused by errors occurring in certain nodes in biological networks. Thus, studying biological networks and identifying critical nodes can help determine the key targets in treating diseases. The problem is how to find the critical nodes in a network efficiently and with low cost. Existing experimental methods in identifying critical nodes ge
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4

SMITH, REGINALD D. "THE DYNAMICS OF INTERNET TRAFFIC: SELF-SIMILARITY, SELF-ORGANIZATION, AND COMPLEX PHENOMENA." Advances in Complex Systems 14, no. 06 (2011): 905–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525911003451.

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The Internet is one of the largest and most complex communication and information exchange networks ever created. Therefore, its dynamics and traffic unsurprisingly take on a rich variety of complex dynamics, self-organization, and other phenomena that have been researched for years. This paper is a review of the complex dynamics of Internet traffic. Departing from normal treatises, we will take a view from both the network engineering and physics perspectives showing the strengths and weaknesses as well as insights of both. In addition, many less covered phenomena such as traffic oscillations
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Sacco, Pier Luigi, Alex Arenas, and Manlio De Domenico. "The Resilience of the Multirelational Structure of Geopolitical Treaties is Critically Linked to Past Colonial World Order and Offshore Fiscal Havens." Complexity 2023 (January 7, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5280604.

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The governance of the political and economic world order builds on a complex architecture of international treaties at various geographical scales. In a historical phase of high institutional turbulence, assessing the stability of such architecture with respect to the unilateral defection of single countries and the breakdown of single treaties is important. We carry out this analysis on the whole global architecture and find that the countries with the highest disruption potential are mostly medium-small and micro countries. Political stability is highly dependent on many former colonial over
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Wiley, David J., Ilona Juan, Hao Le, et al. "Yeast Augmented Network Analysis (YANA): a new systems approach to identify therapeutic targets for human genetic diseases." F1000Research 3 (June 2, 2014): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.4188.1.

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Genetic interaction networks that underlie most human diseases are highly complex and poorly defined. Better-defined networks will allow identification of a greater number of therapeutic targets.Here we introduce our Yeast Augmented Network Analysis (YANA) approach and test it with the X-linked spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) disease gene UBA1. First, we express UBA1 and a mutant variant in fission yeast and use high-throughput methods to identify fission yeast genetic modifiers of UBA1. Second, we analyze available protein-protein interaction network databases in both fission yeast and human to
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Arel-Bundock, Vincent. "The Unintended Consequences of Bilateralism: Treaty Shopping and International Tax Policy." International Organization 71, no. 2 (2017): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818317000108.

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AbstractThe international tax system is a complex regime composed of thousands of bilateral tax treaties. These agreements coordinate policies between countries to avoid double taxation and encourage international investment. I argue that by solving this coordination problem on a bilateral basis, states have inadvertently created opportunities for treaty shopping by multinationals. These opportunities, in turn, reduce the potency of fiscal policy, put pressure on governments to change their domestic tax laws, and ultimately constrain state autonomy. This constraint is theoretically distinct fr
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Borschberg, Peter. "Luso-Johor-Dutch Relations in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, c. 1600-1623." Itinerario 28, no. 2 (2004): 15–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300019471.

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The study of the early European colonial presence in Asia has been stimulated in recent years by a series of excellent works. These have been both of general and specialist nature, written not only by historians, but also by political scientists as well as specialists of international relations. The truly excellent study published in 2002 by Edward Keene, can be taken as a point in case. Central to his revisitation of seventeenth-century treaties of the United Dutch East India Company (VOC) with the Emperor of Kandy, is the notion of divided sovereignty expounded by Hugo Grotius around 1600-16
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ZHENG DA-FANG, SHEN SHUN-QING, and TAO RUI-BAO. "AN EXTENDED GENERATING FUNCTION TECHNIQUE FOR TREATING RANDOM WALKS ON COMPLEX NETWORKS." Acta Physica Sinica 37, no. 11 (1988): 1823. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.37.1823.

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10

Kim, Rakhyun E. "Is Global Governance Fragmented, Polycentric, or Complex? The State of the Art of the Network Approach." International Studies Review 22, no. 4 (2019): 903–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isr/viz052.

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Abstract International institutions such as treaties and organizations shape, and are shaped by, the large web-like architecture of global governance. Yet we know little about what this architecture looks like, why certain structures are observed, and how they are linked to the functioning of international institutions as well as the overall effectiveness of global governance. Over the past decade, network science has emerged as a promising and indispensable approach to unraveling structural nuances and complexities of the system of international institutions. This article presents a state-of-
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