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Journal articles on the topic 'Compulsory and free Primary Education'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

MC, Morena. "Possible Solutions to Challenges of Including Learners with Special Educational Needs in Mainstream Classrooms." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 05, no. 03 (2022): 729–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6388525.

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<strong>INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND</strong> As a major strategy towards the achievement of basic education for all, Lesotho introduced free and compulsory primary education, whereby many children were sent to school. The mountain kingdom of Lesotho implemented the Free and Compulsory Primary Education Policy in the year 2000 (McConkey&Mariga, 2011:18). The policy‘s main objectives are: [t]o make basic education accessible to all learners; to make education equitable in order to eliminate inequalities; to guarantee that every Mosotho child completes the primary education and ensure t

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2

JAYESIMI, Michael Adegoke, and Opeyemi SHOAGA. "Implementation of the Free and Compulsory Primary Education Policy in Public Schools in Ogun State, Nigeria: Evaluation." Journal in Humanities 9, no. 2 (2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/hum.v9i2.420.

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The launching of the Universal Basic Education scheme in Nigeria in 1999 was the country’s response to the global call for universalization of access to basic education. The Universal Basic Education Act, enacted in May 2004, serves as the legal framework for the programme and it provided for primary education to be free and compulsory. Much has been done by different tiers of government to ensure the achievement of this objective. This study evaluated the extent to which primary education was free and compulsory in public schools in Ogun State, Nigeria between 2004 and 2012. The findings show

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3

Mohammad, Rasikh Wasiq. "Child Right of Education under International Law: A Special Reference to Indian Education System." Indian Journal of Law and Legal Research 4, no. 2 (2023): 1–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7606235.

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The issue of RTE implementation under international human rights law is firmly rooted in practically every corner of the globe, especially in emerging and underdeveloped countries. Due to the nature of soft law, imprecise terminology, and fragmentation within provisions of international and regional legal instruments, the issue has several facets, ranging from discrimination to the question of free and compulsory quality education for all. In the case of India Article 21(A) was enacted in 2002 as part of the 86th Amendment Act. It included primary education in the right to freedom, stating tha

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Okware, Fabiano. "UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION: PERSPECTIVES FROM UGANDA." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 4, no. 2 (2014): 495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v4i2.3048.

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The study aimed at assessing the implementation, achievements, experiences and challenges of MDG 2 for UPEProgramme in Uganda. Opinions of key stakeholders were sought. The study revealed some significant successes inensuring access to free and compulsory education and in reducing gender disparities at the primary school level. Thegreatest challenge remains that of more girls than boys not completing the primary cycle. The lessons learnt are: politicalcommitment, government support, quality education to motivate learners to stay at school, motivation of teachers for theirhigh commitment and st

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RAJESH R, Dr. "ENSURING FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION IN INDIA: A FACT CHECK." International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research 08, no. 12 (2023): 3751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2023.v08i12.002.

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The notion of Education For All was launched in 1990, popularised by UNESCO to integrate international efforts to provide free and compulsory primary education to the children, without any kinds of prejudices and discrimination. The EFA goals which were finalised after several meetings and conferences found their representation in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and later in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The common goal to be achieved by all countries was the provision of free, compulsory and quality education to all the children along with the associated objectives of prov

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Kumar, Anjay, Ajay Sonawane, and Madhuri Kharat. "RIGHT TO EDUCATION AS A HUMAN RIGHTS - CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL OUTLOOK." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 5, no. 3 (2024): 636–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i3.2024.2651.

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Education is a strong foundational democratic value of continuous universal significance. It is the best platform for acquiring the skills, techniques, information and respect for the duties. The magnitude of the importance of education in life is multi-fold. Education is like the right to life as it is the mother of realizing other human rights. In the 21st Century worldwide activities are running on the wheels of education. To live a dignified life, education leads the way. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares that "Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundam

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Harrison, Heath. "Linguistic Equity: India’s Path to Social Justice." International Journal of Literacy, Culture, and Language Education 5 (August 6, 2017): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/ijlcle.v5i0.26941.

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In 2009 India passed The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act. This may be the most important legislation for democracy in India’s history. As a result of this law, the people of India have demonstrated the belief that democratic education is truly the answer to freedom and equality for every Indian citizen as 96% of all of their eligible primary aged students are currently attending free and compulsory schools (Education in India, 2014). This Constitutional law and its practical fulfillment can be clearly seen through the integration of each of India’s spoken and written lan

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Beatrice, Limo J., and Erastus Muchimuti. "Inequitable Access to Quality Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in Kenya." East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature 5, no. 1 (2022): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2022.v05i01.003.

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Education is a basic human right as was declared by the United Nations in 1948. Most governments including Kenya have tried to implement free and compulsory basic education. It also subscribes to various international protocols such as Education for All (EFA) in Jomtien, Thailand 1990 and the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, 2000. Since then, the Kenya Government in her Education Sector Strategic Plan and Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2005 has articulated how to attain goals for education. At primary school level where children stay longest in the schooling years and they develop more motor

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Tavobova, Ozoda F. "PROBLEMS OF INVOLVING CHILDREN IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION OBSTACLES ON THE WAY TO KINDERGARTENS." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 05 (2022): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-05-05.

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Preschool education is the foundation of an inclusive society, because within its framework, children with disabilities and without disabilities learn, play and grow together. Preschool education increases the chances that the child will receive primary education and then get out of poverty, difficult situations. Since pre-school education is not compulsory, it is much more free than primary education, which gives the opportunity to cooperate with various participants, in particular with the state, non-governmental organizations, the private sector and religious organizations.

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10

Bharati, Saraswoti, and Hosokawa Takao. "Schooling: Knowledge, Perception and Practices of Parents." Journal of Education and Research 2 (February 12, 2013): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v2i0.7622.

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This paper aims to provide an insight in policy making for further development in primary education sector. It is based on a field study conducted in Talku Dudhechaur village during September – October, 2008 to analyze the role of parents in schooling in rural area. The study showed that in spite of low economic and education level of the family, there is an increased demand and desire for schooling. However, about half of the parents’ attitude towards schooling is still negligent, due to lack of willingness and determination. This confirmed that the establishment of free primary education is

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Dinkar, Manikrao Hajare, and Meeta Mansaram Meshram Dr. "National Education Policy (2020) & Inclusive Education." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 3 (2023): 45–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7598018.

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As per Indian Constitution Primary Education is the fundamental right of every child. Free and compulsory education up to age of 14 and up to 18 for disabled students. For inclusive education various education commissions as well as National Education policy (2020). In Inclusive Education, both normal and disabled students learn together. In modern age, we have to take care of students as per needs of students. Sarva Shiksha Abhiya, Samagra Shiksha, RTE Act 2009 these are the some efforts which taken by government. Teacher should take care of normal as well as disabled students. He must use pr

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Pavlenko, V., and L. Martynenko. "PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF GREAT BRITAIN: STAGES OF FORMATION." Zhytomyr Ivan Franko state university journal. Рedagogical sciences, no. 2(117) (June 27, 2024): 182–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/pedagogy.2(117).2024.16.

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The article proves that the formation of primary education in Great Britain took place over the centuries, starting with the creation of charitable and private schools for children of poor and wealthy families in the 17th-18th centuries, the opening of industrial, religious and grammar schools at the beginning of the 19th century. The creation of a system of general compulsory primary education in Great Britain took place at the end of the 19th century – the beginning of the 20th century, which was established by government laws that provided for obligatory and free education, as well as ensur

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Goutam, Banerjee, and Santosh Jagwani Dr. "A STUDY ON LEVEL OF AWARENESS AMONG MALE TEACHER TOWARDS RTE ACT 2009 AT MURSHIDABD DISTRICT IN WEST BENGAL." International Journal of Computational Research and Development (IJCRD) 7, no. 1 (2022): 8–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6370382.

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“Every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has the right to free and compulsory education: Everybody has the right to education. Education shall be free at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory” ……………...86<sup>th</sup> Constitution Amendment Act via Article 21A Education is a human right and an essential tool for achieving the goals of equality, development and peace. Non-discriminatory education benefits both girls and boys and thus ultimately contributes to more equal relationships between w

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Kidman, Rachel, Amy Raub, Alfredo Martin, Pragya Bhuwania, Bijetri Bose, and Jody Heymann. "The impact of introducing free & compulsory pre-primary education policy on mothers’ labor outcomes." International Journal of Educational Development 117 (September 2025): 103338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103338.

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Moro, Maria. "Mathematics in the Elementary Grades: The Soviet Experience." Arithmetic Teacher 32, no. 5 (1985): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.32.5.0026.

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In the Soviet Union, a complete ten-year education is free and compulsory for everyone. All Soviet schools teach the same mathematics curriculum for all ten years. The first three years comprise the primary schooling with classes conducted by one teacher. Teaching is done by subject specialists beginning in the fourth grade.

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Dr., Peter Mutia Mbalaka, Selpher K. Cheloti Dr., and Redempta Maithya Dr. "Free and Compulsory Education Policy Implementation; Determining its Relationship with Learners' Entry Behavior in Public Day Secondary Schools in Kitui County, Kenya." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 09 (2022): 3964–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7050288.

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Although the Government of Kenya has been boosting effort in implementing free and compulsory education policy, transition from primary schools to secondary schools, retention and completion at Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) have remained below 100 percent. Hence the study purposed to determine the relationship between learners’ entry behavior and implementation of free and compulsory education in public day secondary schools in Kitui County, Kenya. The study was underpinned on Liberal Educational Theory (LET) and used a descriptive study research design. The target popu

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Kaur, Navdeep. "AWARENESS OF RIGHT TO EDUCATION AMONG SECONDAY SCHOOL TEACHERS." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 6, no. 2 (2014): 1004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v6i2.3484.

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Education is a human right and essential for realization of all other human rights. It is a basic right which helps the individual to live with human dignity the right to education is a fundamental human rights. Every individual, irrespective of race, gender, nationality, ethnic or social origin, religion or political preference, age or disability, is entitled to a free elementary education. Hence the present study has attempted to find out awareness of right to education among secondary school teachers. The sample of 200 secondary school teachers was taken. A self made questionnaire comprisin

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18

Khan, Naheed Zia. "State, Education, and the Market." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4II (1999): 955–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.955-978.

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The tail of the tail-end of the 2nd millennium has taught the humankind two valuable lessons: democracy and the market, although imperfect, have succeeded where other systems have failed. What is clear is that the most successful systems are aligned to humankind’s predispositions rather than being inimical to them. Insofar as it aligns itself with the predisposition to greed, consistently regulated capitalism terms out to be the most efficient economic system hitherto observed in human society. Likewise, democracy works by aligning many people’s desire for power with a governance system which

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Mondal, Ajit. "Free and Compulsory Primary Education in India Under the British Raj: A Tale of an Unfulfilled Dream." SAGE Open 7, no. 3 (2017): 215824401772703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244017727037.

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20

Saikia, Archana, and Krishna Gopal Singha. "A Comparative Study on the Child Rearing Practices of Tribal Families and Drop out of Primary Education with Urban School." International Research in Education 11, no. 1 (2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ire.v11i1.20834.

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Indian constitution in the articles 45 has made provision for free and compulsory Education for all children us to the age of 14 years Article no 45. The data for this paper are accumulated from different sources such all Assam school survey, 2002 survey conducted by NCERT and state report cards prepared by S.D.C office of Mariani. Circle from Mariani S.D.C office.In this paper Researcher highly observed the course of drop out in primary school in the Mariani circle and comparative study of tribal and non tribal school. Comparison study of tribal and urban tribal school of Mariani finding ther

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Baby, Dineesh, and Subhash PD. "Role of Local Authorities in Development of Primary Schools." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 8, no. 3 (2023): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n03.013.

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Education is considered as a basic human right in modern society as education makes people responsible citizens imbibed with knowledge, awareness and wisdom. This has been adhered by international organisations like the UN which declared the famous universal declaration of human rights in the year 1948 made education as a basic human right. Education has been given prime importance in India since independence. The 4th Chapter of the Constitution of India depicts the Directive Principles of State Policy include directions to the government on significant areas for the development of the nation.

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22

Chauhan, Ujjawal, and Kaushalya Gupta. "Parental Motivations in Sending Children to School in a Paradoxical Indian Learning System of Declining Learning Curve and Increasing Enrolment: A Case Study of West Bengal." Journal of Educational and Social Research 7, no. 1 (2017): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2017.v7n1p19.

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Abstract Current studies explain the growth in enrolment in Indian primary schools to be a result of ‘cost-effective’ incentivized education by the Indian Government. However, this does not explain why parents living below the poverty line (BPL) are forgoing higher opportunity costs and sending their children to school, especially in the context of a declining learning curve. This study investigates the motivating factors among BPL parents and the relative significance of incentives in shaping their decisions regarding their children’s enrolment. This study also reveals qualitative and quantit

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Agem, ORIM BRIAN. "Exploring the Use of Information and Communication Technology in Advancing the Goals of Education for all among Adults in Nigeria." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 2, no. 1 (2014): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v2i1.p148-153.

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Education is a right. Like the right to have proper food or a roof over your head. It is not only a right but a passport to human development. The ideas of Education for all is to expand early childhood care and education, provide free and compulsory primary education for all, promote learning and life skills for young people and adults, increase adult literacy, achieve gender parity and improve the quality of education. The paper sets to explore the use of information and communication technology in advancing the goals of education for all (stated above) among adults in Nigeria. Areas such as

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Madan, Ghoshal. "KEY FEATURES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION IN INDIA: PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES." Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language 12, no. 64 (2024): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13092601.

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<em>Elementary education is critically important as it lays the groundwork for an individual's lifelong learning journey. Numerous initiatives and schemes have been introduced to prioritize the primary education of children from disadvantaged, marginalized, and socio-economically backward communities. This study aims to explore the importance of elementary education in India. In 1950, Article 45 of the Constitution, under the Directive Principles of State Policy, mandated that the State should strive to provide free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of fourteen within ten

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Madan, Ghoshal. "KEY FEATURES AND DEVELOPMENTS IN ELEMENTARY EDUCATION IN INDIA: PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES." Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language 12, no. 64 (2024): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13092931.

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<em>Elementary education is critically important as it lays the groundwork for an individual's lifelong learning journey. Numerous initiatives and schemes have been introduced to prioritize the primary education of children from disadvantaged, marginalized, and socio-economically backward communities. This study aims to explore the importance of elementary education in India. In 1950, Article 45 of the Constitution, under the Directive Principles of State Policy, mandated that the State should strive to provide free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of fourteen within ten

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Qureshi, Abdul Jalil, Arabella Bhutto, and Paras Rani Mahar. "Implementation of Free Early Childhood Education and Economic Development: A Case Study of Government Schools in Pakistan." Journal of Business Strategies 13, no. 1 (2019): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29270/jbs.13.1(2019).079.

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This research paper aims to review and evaluate the implementation of arrangements made by the government of Sindh for free Early Childhood Education. Furthermore, this study undertakes a case study of the government schools of Hyderabad District. Since this topic is under-researched in the province, the authors of this paper have tried to see the efforts of government regarding the implementation of the law passed after the implementation of the 18th amendment, especially for early childhood education, which is one of the important phases of education. This study is based on descriptive data

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Dr., Prakash Laxmanrao Dompale. "Why and for what inclusive education!" International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 10, no. 2 (2022): 185–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496068.

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India has various traditions, caste, religion, race, geographical, physical, linguistic, cultural, literary, e. It is the only unified country in spite of diversity. But in the world, India is still not a perfect country in terms of education, because many elements such as those living below the poverty line, having poor economic conditions, tribal, underprivileged, women, disabled people are seen to be isolated from education. According to the Right to Education Act 2009, primary education is free and compulsory for all children. Therefore, all children have that right. All these factors need

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Veer Sen, Arjun. "JOB CRISIS; MERGING THE GAP BETWEEN SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION." International Journal of Social Science & Economic Research 09, no. 01 (2024): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46609/ijsser.2024.v09i01.008.

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While the Right to Education Act of 2002 in India guarantees free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years, such education does not necessarily lead to employment. In rural areas, states with poor Gross Domestic Products (GDP) tend to have higher school dropout rates due to the lack of quality education. According to Niti Aayog, the dropout rate in 2020-21 at the secondary level in Bihar (India’s poorest state) was 21.4 percent since school education does not guarantee employment. In fact, 25.5% of youth between the ages 15 - 29 are unemployed-this doe

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Wandeda, Dickson, Wafula Masai, and Samuel M. Nyandemo. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa." Journal of Economics and Public Finance 7, no. 4 (2021): p14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jepf.v7n4p14.

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The paper sought to investigate the effect government expenditure on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using a panel data for 35 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2006-2018. The paper adopted dynamic panel data and estimates were achieved by using two-step system GMM while taking into account the problem of instrument proliferation. The paper provided evidence that education and health expenditure are key determinants of income growth for SSA. The impact of education spending on cross-country income variation is more effective in low income SSA countries than the middle income S

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Havrylenko, T., and H. Rozlutska. "PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SCHOOL REFORM IN UKRAINE IN 1954–1964." New Inception 1 (December 1, 2021): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5746609.

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<strong>The purpose of the article </strong>is to determine, characterize and trace the ways of implementation of the principles of primary education during the school reform in Ukraine in 1954-1964 on the basis of the analysis of the legislative and normative documents, reference documentation and educational literature. <strong>The methodological basis </strong>of the study are the source studies (provided the opportunity to identify and analyze different types of sources, which highlighted the basic principles of primary education in the selected chronological framework) and historiographic

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BARABAȘ, Cristina-Mirela. "THE FIRST EDUCATION LAW IN ROMANIA AND THE EFFECTS OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION." International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on the Dialogue between Sciences & Arts, Religion & Education 4, no. 1 (2020): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/mcdsare.2020.4.153-157.

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In modern Romania, the legal protection of the right to education has played an important role in the activity of government, parliament and political parties in general. A turning point in defining the national educational policy was the elaboration of the Public Education Law in 1864. By expressing the ideal of the revolutionary generations of 1848, this law addressed the principle of free and compulsory primary education. The progress of the Romanian society depended on applying this principle. On November 25, 1864, Al. I. Cuza enacted the Public Education Law, the first law to provide a un

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Alduais, Ahmed, and Meng Deng. "Stakeholders’ perceptions of equity in providing special education and inclusive education services in China: Zero rejection and multiple provision mechanisms." International Journal of Chinese Education 11, no. 3 (2022): 2212585X2211448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2212585x221144898.

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A zero-rejection policy was adopted by the Chinese government to ensure that educational services are accessible to learners with a range of different needs. This included multiple provision mechanisms to ensure equal learning opportunities and a sense of belonging. This study highlights the existing gaps between males and females, basic and primary schools versus high and vocational schools, as well as urban and rural areas. Interviews with nine Chinese stakeholders provided insightful perspectives as attributions for such observed gaps. Several factors can explain the gender difference, incl

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ETUK, S. E., O. E. AGBASI, and U. W. ROBERTT. "SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS AND THE FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION POLICY IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA." i-manager's Journal on School Educational Technology 13, no. 4 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jsch.13.4.14540.

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Pathani, Digvijay Singh, and Madan Singh Deupa. "Constitutional Provisions for Right to Education in the Indo-Nepalese Context: Gap between Policy and Practice." International Journal of Education 14, no. 1 (2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ije.v14i1.19626.

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AbstractThis study aims at comparatively identifying the constitutional provisions for right to education, their implementation and impact on education in India and Nepal. This is an analytical descriptive study based on document analysis. By the mid of 2011, 81% constitutions of the world guaranteed or aspired to protect the right to primary education. Nepal and India both have clear constitutional provisions for right to free and compulsory basic education but are unable to fulfil the international and national educational commitments and goals. India and Nepal fall in 2nd and 48th rank resp

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Lyanga, Amani Abisai. "Assessment of Free Basic Compulsory Education on Schooling and the Reduction of Child Labor in Tanzania." Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies 42, no. 2 (2023): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v42i2910.

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This study aimed to assess free basic compulsory education on schooling and the reduction of child labor in Tanzania. In late 2015 the government of Tanzania, under late president John Pombe Joseph Magufuli, announced the cancellation of school fees from pre-primary to lower secondary schools. The main goal was to ensure all children of school age attended the school. In January 2016, the implementation of free basic compulsory education commenced despite those efforts initiated by the government to tackle the problem of child labor hampering them from attending school. Unfortunately, child la

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Seema, Dey. "Examining Right to Education (RTE) as a Human Right: Act versus Implementation." Society Today : An Interdisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (2013): 68–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8286823.

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In the recent past, there has been a considerable amount of debate regarding the bill ‘Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act 2009’. It marks a historic moment for not only the children of India but also the whole education system of the country. This Act serves as a cornerstone to ensure that every child has his or her right as an entitlement to get enrolment in elementary education. It is a constitutional mandate for the state to provide primary education to all children. In this scenario, this paper tries to examine the RTE in

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Natasya Nurul Lathifa, Mislaini Mislaini, and Sri Handayani. "Eksistensi Sistem Pendidikan di Negara Denmark sebagai Salah Satu Negara dengan Pendidikan Terbaik Dunia." Harmoni Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 2, no. 1 (2024): 267–79. https://doi.org/10.62383/hardik.v2i1.1072.

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The Danish education system is an example of an inclusive and individual development-oriented education model, with an emphasis on active and collaborative learning. Primary education in the country is compulsory and free of charge, allowing all children to have equal access to quality education. One of the main strengths of this system is the pedagogical approach that emphasizes creativity, critical thinking, and social skills, which prepares students to face the challenges of the modern world. However, behind these successes, there are some shortcomings, such as inequities in academic achiev

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Brady, Tony James. "“Raw, free”, and “almost rude”: educating warders’ children on St Helena Penal Establishment." History of Education Review 45, no. 1 (2016): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-03-2014-0021.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the education of children at St Helena Penal Establishment in Queensland and the trials faced by the educators that delivered their formal schooling. The paper will add to the growing research into the prison island and will provide an insight into a unique facet of education in the newly established Australian State of Queensland. Design/methodology/approach – The historical analysis draws on original documents and published works to chronicle the provision of education to the children of warders at the St Helena Penal Establishment. Findings

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Ye, Xin, Dawei Zhu, Ruoxi Ding, and Ping He. "The effect of China’s compulsory education reforms on physiological health in adulthood: a natural experiment." Health Policy and Planning 37, no. 3 (2021): 376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab147.

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Abstract Lower education is related to higher biological risks for physiological health, but it remains unclear whether the risks can be reduced through policies aimed at increasing years of education. We utilized China’s compulsory education reforms as a unique natural experiment, which stipulates that primary and lower secondary education is mandatory and free for all school-age children. Using a regression discontinuity design (RDD), we assessed the effect of the reform eligibility on biomarkers. The reforms resulted in an increase in years of education for those from communities with the m

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Githinji, Wanjohi, and Peter Ndiangui. "Synthesizing Policy and Practice: An Examination of Child-Related Policy Implementation in Elementary Education within Nyeri County, Kenya." Research in Educational Policy and Management 6, no. 2 (2024): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.46303/repam.2024.26.

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Since independence, Kenya’s education system has undergone significant reforms aimed at enhancing access, equity, and quality. The Basic Education Act 2013 underscored the government’s commitment to free compulsory education, laying the foundation for policy interventions in elementary education. While policies aimed at safeguarding children's rights and ensuring their holistic development exist at the national and regional levels, translating them into effective practice within schools remains a challenge due to limited resources, infrastructure deficits, bureaucratic hurdles, cultural norms,

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Iwuchukwu, Matthew O. "LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2021.v01i02.001.

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Nigeria is a highly multiethnic and multilingual African country that speaks over 500 indigenous languages and two official languages, English and French, some of which are taught and learned at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education. This descriptive study has attempted to discuss the state of language education and related issues in the education sector, involving the mother tongue, English, French and Arabic languages. The paper elucidates a few omissions in the National Policy on Education (NPE) and other factors that militate against effective implementation of the langua

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Matthew, O. Iwuchukwu. "LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 2 (2021): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2021.v01i02.001.

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Nigeria is a highly multiethnic and multilingual African country that speaks over 500 indigenous languages and two official languages, English and French, some of which are taught and learned at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels of education. This descriptive study has attempted to discuss the state of language education and related issues in the education sector, involving the mother tongue, English, French and Arabic languages. The paper elucidates a few omissions in the <em>National Policy on Education </em>(<em>NPE</em>) and other factors that militate against effective implementa

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Ogunode, Niyi J. "Two Decades of Universal Basic Education Programme in Nigeria.1999-2019: UBE Implementation, Achievement, Challenges and Suggested solutions." International Journal on Integrated Education 2, no. 6 (2019): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i6.236.

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In September 1999, the UBE was officially launched and passed into law in 2004 as an implementation tool of the government initiative to achieve the Millennium Development Goals in achieving the EFA. Researchers has agreed that the Universal Primary Education (UPE) in Nigeria was also recognized as the predecessor of the present UBE Scheme, which has been directed towards the possibility of increasing the number of attendance or enrollment in schools, as well as the provision of an excellent opportunity to correct the current imbalance. The major objective and aim of the UBE programme is the p

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Shyangtan, Sharmila. "Schooling Experiences of Tamang Girls in Nepal." Journal of Education and Research 10, no. 2 (2020): 76–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jer.v10i2.32722.

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School education is the foundation for continuing education and attainment of basic skills and knowledge. Despite the international promises such as Education for All, Universal Primary Education, and national provision of school education as free and compulsory in Nepal, most of the marginalised people could not complete their school education. Among them, girls from the Tamang community are still confronting insurmountable challenges in accessing and undergoing schooling experience in Nepal. This paper argues that the schooling process of the Tamang girls is influenced by the embedded charac

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HRYSHCHENKO, SVITLANA, and IRINA BUZHINA. "TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION AND UPBRINGING OF ORPHAN CHILDREN IN CHILDREN’S HOUSES OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 11, no. 2 (2021): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2308-4081/2021-11(2)-4.

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The article analyzes the trends in the development of education and upbringing of orphans in orphanages in modern China. Leading researchers have identified orphanages as the main form of social care for orphans and their education and upbringing in China. Most orphanages in cities have several departments: an orphanage (for children from 0.3 to 3 years old), an orphanage (children from 3 to 14 years old), a department for the disabled and a nursing home. China's education system consists of compulsory preschool education, primary education, incomplete and complete secondary school, higher edu

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T., Ibrahim, N., Man, K., Istifanus, H., Mohammed, I., and Fagge, M. M. "Assessment of the Effect of Funding on the Delivery of Basic Education in Kano State (2015-2022)." FUGUS Journal of Public Administration and Management 3, no. 02 (2024): 123–43. https://doi.org/10.36349/fujpam.2024.v3i02.009.

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Universal Basic Education can be described as the level, type, and form of learning needed to build a strong foundation for literacy and numeracy, to inculcate basic life skills, and, more importantly, to consolidate the skills of learning. This study is to assess the effect funding on the attainment of Basic Education in Kano State. The study employed the organizational systems theory by Daniel Katz and Robert Khan (1966) because it is more suitable for the study, the study adopted concurrent mixed method design, which combined qualitative and quantitative aspect of the research. The target r

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Davies, E. O., G. Nsiegbe, and B. N. Ogbonna. "Public Policy Implementation and Availability of Facilities/Infrastructures in Primary and Junior Secondary Schools in Rivers State, 2008 – 2018." JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND LEADERSHIP RESEARCH 8, no. 1 (2022): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jpslr.v8.no1.2022.pg21.43.

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Educational policy implementation in Nigeria have been hit in the main by incidences of poor availability of physical facilities/infrastructures. This paper examines public policy implementation and availability of facilities/infrastructures in primary and junior secondary schools in Rivers State between 2008 – 2018. The paper is guided by the single proposition that, there is no significant difference in universal basic education policy implementation and the availability of facilities/infrastructures in schools in Rivers State. The paper is anchored on the Programme Evaluation Theory as its

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Jayalakshmi, N., and M. Indira. "Factors influencing household expenditure on school education in Karnataka." International Journal of Management and Development Studies 12, no. 11 (2023): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53983/ijmds.v12n11.004.

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Private expenditure on school education is one of the sources of education expenditure other than state and central government spending. The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act 2002, and the Right to Education (RTE) Act, 2009 introduced a rights-based approach to free and compulsory education for all children in the age group of six to fourteen years in India. Under the Right to Education (RTE) Act, a limited number of seats are allocated for free education to economically backward sections in private and private-aided schools. Despite the free education for students in government schools and RT

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GUDIN, CRISTINA. "THE SCHOOL SYSTEM, A FACTOR OF EMANCIPATION, ASSIMILATION AND DISCRIMINATION OF JEWS IN ROMANIA." Analele Universităţii din Bucureşti - Istorie 69, no. 1-2/2020 (2022): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.62229/aubi/69/1-2_20/8.

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The present study aims to capture some of the aspects of the relationship between Romanians and Jews, the targeted field being that of education. The school system, an area on which there have been extensive disputes over time, has been used in turn by participants in the training process as a tool for assimilation, discrimination and emancipation. During the period of consolidation of national consciousness, the majority gave shape to the desire to eliminate differences and opened public schools for minorities in order to assimilate them faster. Subsequently, finding shortcomings in the appli

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Nurainiah, Nurainiah. "Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam di Afrika Utara: Pendidikan Islam di Sudan." Serambi Tarbawi 10, no. 1 (2022): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32672/tarbawi.v10i1.5068.

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Education in Sudan is free and compulsory for all children aged 6 to 13 years. Education starts with basic education for eight years, then secondary education for three years. The education level was changed to 6+3+3 format in 1990. The language of instruction used at all levels is Arabic. School locations are concentrated in a number of urban areas, a number of schools in the South and West have been damaged or even destroyed by the conflict. In the field of formal education, Sudan has many well-known universities that are tens or even hundreds of years old. Among these universities are Khart

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