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Journal articles on the topic 'Conflicting degree'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Coyle, James P. "5. Strategies for Evaluating Undergraduate Degree Programs." Collected Essays on Learning and Teaching 4 (June 13, 2011): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/celt.v4i0.3267.

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Evaluating higher education degree programs is an arduous task. This paper suggests innovative strategies for addressing four types of challenges that commonly occur during program evaluation: identifying theoretical models for evaluation, balancing potentially conflicting standards, accommodating faculty differences, and aligning courses. Examples from an undergraduate social work program evaluation are presented to illustrate the strategies.

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Jiang, Xiaoting. "A Novel Conflicting Evidence Combination Method for Fault Diagnosis of Civil Aircraft Electrical System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2252, no. 1 (2022): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2252/1/012064.

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Abstract D-S Evidence theory plays an important role in fault diagnosis of civil aircraft electrical system, but it is still difficult to deal with highly conflicting evidence. This paper introduces the idea of grey relational analysis, and proposes a new conflicting evidence combination method. The grey relational degree is used for calculating evidence’s credibility degree, by which conflicting evidence was processed before combination according to traditional D-S combination rule. One numerical example is employed and implemented. Through analysis and comparison of the combined results, of

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Jiang, Xiaoting. "A Novel Conflicting Evidence Combination Method for Fault Diagnosis of Civil Aircraft Electrical System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2252, no. 1 (2022): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2252/1/012064.

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Abstract D-S Evidence theory plays an important role in fault diagnosis of civil aircraft electrical system, but it is still difficult to deal with highly conflicting evidence. This paper introduces the idea of grey relational analysis, and proposes a new conflicting evidence combination method. The grey relational degree is used for calculating evidence’s credibility degree, by which conflicting evidence was processed before combination according to traditional D-S combination rule. One numerical example is employed and implemented. Through analysis and comparison of the combined results, of

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4

Chen, Shih-Shen, Po-Sheng Ko, Chien-Shu Tsai, and Jen-Yao Lee. "Managerial Delegation and Conflicting Interest in Unionized Duopoly with Firm Heterogeneity." Mathematics 10, no. 22 (2022): 4201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10224201.

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This paper utilized a three-stage dynamic game to analyze the conflicts of interest between stakeholders caused by firm heterogeneity. We show that the higher the degree of heterogeneity, the higher the sales delegation incentive given. The firm’s heterogeneity scale will cause industry profit, union utility, consumer surplus and manager bonus conflicts of interest. Furthermore, the intensity of conflict is lower between the industry and the union than between the industry and consumer and between the industry and manager if the degree of heterogeneity is relatively small.

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Kok, Anne M., Frank G. A. de Bakker, and Peter Groenewegen. "Sustainability Struggles: Conflicting Cultures and Incompatible Logics." Business & Society 58, no. 8 (2017): 1496–532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317703644.

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Introducing and implementing corporate sustainability poses many challenges to business organizations. In this longitudinal, inductive study, we focus on how such challenges are handled in a Dutch bank that is developing its sustainability policies. We examine why there is such a high degree of tension and conflict within the organization and identify how the development of these policies is affected by the interplay between subcultures and institutional logics. We show how different subcultures affect the enactment of logics by infusing the rational and mindful behavior coming from logics wit

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Yong-Xin, Zhang, Li Qing-Zhong, and Peng Zhao-Hui. "A novel method for data conflict resolution using multiple rules." Computer Science and Information Systems 10, no. 1 (2013): 215–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis110613005y.

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In data integration, data conflict resolution is the crucial issue which is closely correlated with the quality of integrated data. Current research focuses on resolving data conflict on single attribute, which does not consider not only the conflict degree of different attributes but also the interrelationship of data conflict resolution on different attributes, and it can reduce the accuracy of resolution results. This paper proposes a novel two-stage data conflict resolution based on Markov Logic Networks. Our approach can divide attributes according to their conflict degree, then resolves

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Nie, Lei, Qifeng Wang, Mingxuan Zhang, and Libing Wu. "FMAA: A Flexible Signal Timing Method for An Isolated Intersection with Conflicting Traffic Flows." Information 13, no. 9 (2022): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13090408.

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Optimizing traffic signal timing can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion. However, most of the existing signal timing methods struggle to deal with conflicting traffic flows in heavy traffic; therefore, more effective methods are urgently required. In this paper, we propose a flexible signal timing method that combines all-red control and adaptive timing (FMAA) to deal with conflicting traffic flows at an isolated intersection. First, we consider a Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication-based vehicular network environment, in which fine-grained traffic information can be coll

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Jong, Myongnam, Yunhyok Paek, Hyonil Kim, and Cholsok Yu. "Analyzing the degree of conflict between bodies of evidence based on a new distance in data fusion." Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis 13, no. 01 (2021): 2150004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x21500042.

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Dempster’s combination rule may produce some unreasonable results when dealing with a combination of the conflicting evidence in evidence theory of Dempster–Shafer. Therefore, analyzing the degree of conflict between the bodies of evidence is essential to evaluate the applicability of Dempster’s rule. A new probability function, which is called a supporting probability function, is proposed to describe the correlation between evidences, and its distance is proposed to measure the distance between bodies of evidence. Combining this distance with classical conflict coefficient, a new method of e

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9

CARLSON, MATTHEW T., MATTHEW GOLDRICK, MICHAEL BLASINGAME, and ANGELA FINK. "Navigating conflicting phonotactic constraints in bilingual speech perception." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 19, no. 5 (2015): 939–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728915000334.

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Word-initial /s/-consonant clusters do not occur in Spanish. Confronted with such sequences (e.g., in loanwords), Spanish speakers tend to perceive an illusory initial /e/, ‘repairing’ the illicit sequence. In two experiments, both conducted in Spanish with Spanish-sounding nonwords, we ask whether knowledge of English, which has no restriction against this sound sequence, weakens this pattern of perceptual repair in fluent Spanish–English bilinguals, and whether the effects of English depend on language dominance. In both identification and discrimination tasks, bilinguals exhibited weaker pe

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10

Pan, Guang, and Lin Li Wu. "Information Fusion Based on Improved D-S Evidence Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.49.

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Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is an efficient method to process uncertain, incomplete and vague information in data fusion. Aiming at the failure of conditional D-S evidence theory in dealing with conflicting evidences, an improved D-S combination rule is recommended. The proposed method utilizes the information quantity of evidence and assigns the conflict factor to every focus element based on average support degree. The simulations show that the proposed D-S combination rule can effectively solve thorny problems for conflicting evidences.

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11

Tóth, Sándor F., and Marc E. McDill. "Finding Efficient Harvest Schedules under Three Conflicting Objectives." Forest Science 55, no. 2 (2009): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/55.2.117.

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Abstract Public forests have many conflicting uses. Designing forest management schemes that provide the public with an optimal bundle of benefits is therefore a major challenge. Although a capability to quantify and visualize the tradeoffs between the competing objectives can be very useful for decisionmakers, developing this capability presents unique difficulties if three or more conflicting objectives are present and the solution alternatives are discrete. This study extends four multiobjective programming methods to generate spatially explicit forest management alternatives that are effic

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Yen, John, and W. Amos Tiao. "A Formal Methodology for Analyzing Tradeoffs of Imprecise Requirements." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 08, no. 02 (1998): 283–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194098000157.

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Conflict identification and resolution are inevitable parts of the requirement analysis process. Over the past few years, the need to deal with conflicting system requirements has become increasingly important. These requirements are often elastic in that they can be satisfied to a degree. The overall goal of this research is to develop a formal methodology that facilitates the identification and tradeoff analysis of conflicting requirements by explicitly capturing their elasticity. In order to capture the elasticity of imprecise requirements, we represent imprecise requirements using fuzzy lo

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Belluigi, Dina Zoe. "The significance of conflicting discourses in a professional degree: assessment in undergraduate fine art practice." Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 38, no. 2 (2015): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2015.1075961.

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Xu, Xue-Guo, Hua Shi, Dong-Hui Xu, and Hu-Chen Liu. "Picture Fuzzy Petri Nets for Knowledge Representation and Acquisition in Considering Conflicting Opinions." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (2019): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050983.

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Fuzzy Petri nets (FPNs) have been applied in many fields as a potential modeling tool for knowledge representation and reasoning. However, there exist many deficiencies in the conventional FPNs when applied in the real world. In this paper, we present a new type of FPN, called picture fuzzy Petri nets (PFPNs), to overcome the shortcomings and improve the effectiveness of the traditional FPNs. First, the proposed PFPN model adopts the picture fuzzy sets (PFSs), characterized by degrees of positive membership, neutral membership, and negative membership, to depict human expert knowledge. As a re

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Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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19

Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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20

Blüthgen, Nico, Florian Menzel, Thomas Hovestadt, Brigitte Fiala, and Nils Blüthgen. "Specialization, Constraints, and Conflicting Interests in Mutualistic Networks." Current Biology 17, no. 4 (2007): 341–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13412326.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The topology of ecological interaction webs holds important information for theories of coevolution, biodiversity, and ecosystem stability [1–6]. However, most previous network analyses solely counted the number of links and ignored variation in link strength. Because of this crude resolution, results vary with scale and sampling intensity, thus hampering a comparison of network patterns at different levels [7–9]. We applied a recently developed [10] quantitative and scale-independent analysis based on information theory to 51 mutualistic plan

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21

Verstraten, Tom, Raphael Furnémont, Pablo López-García, David Rodriguez-Cianca, Bram Vanderborght, and Dirk Lefeber. "Kinematically redundant actuators, a solution for conflicting torque–speed requirements." International Journal of Robotics Research 38, no. 5 (2019): 612–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364919826382.

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Robots often switch from highly dynamic motion to delivering high torques at low speeds. The actuation requirements for these two regimes are very different. As a consequence, the average efficiency of the actuators is typically much lower than the efficiency at the optimal working point. A potential solution is to use multiple motors for a single motor joint. This results in a redundant degree of freedom, which can be exploited to make the system more efficient overall. In this work, we explore the potential of kinematically redundant actuators in dynamic applications. The potential of a kine

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Zimmaro, Filippo, Pierluigi Contucci, and János Kertész. "Voter-like Dynamics with Conflicting Preferences on Modular Networks." Entropy 25, no. 6 (2023): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060838.

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Two of the main factors shaping an individual’s opinion are social coordination and personal preferences, or personal biases. To understand the role of those and that of the topology of the network of interactions, we study an extension of the voter model proposed by Masuda and Redner (2011), where the agents are divided into two populations with opposite preferences. We consider a modular graph with two communities that reflect the bias assignment, modeling the phenomenon of epistemic bubbles. We analyze the models by approximate analytical methods and by simulations. Depending on the network

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Chen, Yutong, and Yongchuan Tang. "Measuring the Uncertainty in the Original and Negation of Evidence Using Belief Entropy for Conflict Data Fusion." Entropy 23, no. 4 (2021): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040402.

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Dempster-Shafer (DS) evidence theory is widely used in various fields of uncertain information processing, but it may produce counterintuitive results when dealing with conflicting data. Therefore, this paper proposes a new data fusion method which combines the Deng entropy and the negation of basic probability assignment (BPA). In this method, the uncertain degree in the original BPA and the negation of BPA are considered simultaneously. The degree of uncertainty of BPA and negation of BPA is measured by the Deng entropy, and the two uncertain measurement results are integrated as the final u

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Cross, Malcolm L. "Doing Violence to Darwin: Conflicting Christian Evaluations of Darwinism and Violence." Religions 15, no. 10 (2024): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15101221.

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At issue is the degree to which Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by means of natural selection is to blame for violence caused by communism, Nazism, and other societal dysfunctions. Conservative Christian opponents claim Darwinism undermines Biblical authority and supports ideologies causing violence. Secular and Christian supporters of Darwinism argue that Darwinism has not promoted violence but has been used to provide a scientific rationale for violence that would have been caused anyway. Moreover, Christian supporters of Darwinism maintain that Darwinism is by no means incompatible wit

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Hyvönen, Katriina, Johanna Rantanen, Mari Huhtala, Bettina S. Wiese, Asko Tolvanen, and Taru Feldt. "Conflicting personal goals: a risk to occupational well-being?" Journal of Managerial Psychology 30, no. 8 (2015): 1034–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-04-2013-0105.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of goal conflict in the relationship between the contents of managers’ personal work goals and occupational well-being (burnout and work engagement). Eight goal categories (organization, competence, well-being, career-ending, progression, prestige, job change, and employment contract) described the contents of goals. Goal conflict reflected the degree to which a personal work goal was perceived to interfere with other life domains. Design/methodology/approach – The data were drawn from a study directed to Finnish manager

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Zhang, Zihao, Huiqi Hu, Xuan Zhou, and Jiang Wang. "Starry." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 16, no. 1 (2022): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3561261.3561268.

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Multi-master architecture is desirable for cloud databases in supporting large-scale transaction processing. To enable concurrent transaction execution on multiple computing nodes, we need an efficient transaction commit protocol on the storage layer that ensures ACID as well as consensus among replicas. A leader-based protocol is easy to implement. However, it faces the single-node bottleneck and suffers from high transaction latency in cross-region deployment. While a leaderless protocol can achieve a higher degree of parallelism, it is inefficient in resolving conflicts. This paper proposes

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Liang, Kai-Rong. "Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making Method for Preference Conflicting with Heterogeneous Information." International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 7, no. 4 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.2018100101.

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The aim of this article is to propose a multi-objective decision-making method for researching and solving multi-attribute heterogeneous group decision-making problems. This is in the case that the characters of the decision information and decision makers' preferences are heterogeneous, and the weight information is incomplete. In this method, the multi-objective decision-making model, which considers the alternatives decision relative closeness and the preference of heterogeneous degree of decision makers in the objective function, is put forward. In addition, this article uses the minimax m

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Xu, Shijun, Yi Hou, Xinpu Deng, Kewei Ouyang, Ye Zhang, and Shilin Zhou. "Conflict Management for Target Recognition Based on PPT Entropy and Entropy Distance." Energies 14, no. 4 (2021): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041143.

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Conflicting evidence affects the final target recognition results. Thus, managing conflicting evidence efficiently can help to improve the belief degree of the true target. In current research, the existing approaches based on belief entropy use belief entropy itself to measure evidence conflict. However, it is not convincing to characterize the evidence conflict only through belief entropy itself. To solve this problem, we comprehensively consider the influences of the belief entropy itself and mutual belief entropy on conflict measurement, and propose a novel approach based on an improved be

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Lee, Insook. "Does Political Polarization Lead to a Rise in Government Debt?" Revista Hacienda Pública Española 241, no. 2 (2022): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7866/hpe-rpe.22.2.1.

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: Existing politico-economic theories offer two mutually conflicting predictions on whether an increase in the degree of political polarization entails a rise or a decline in government debt. This article estimates the effect of political polarization on government debt, utilizing panel data of the OECD countries from 1962 to 2015. The empirical analysis finds that an increase in the degree of political polarization leads to an increase in government debt, which provides supportive evidence for Alesina and Tabellini (1990) and the like. This finding remains the same across different estimation

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Fan, Chuanhao, Jiaxin Wang, Yan Zhu, and Hengjie Zhang. "A Consensus-Based 360 Degree Feedback Evaluation Method with Linguistic Distribution Assessments." Mathematics 12, no. 12 (2024): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math12121883.

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The 360 degree feedback evaluation method is a multidimensional, comprehensive assessment method. Evaluators may hesitate among multiple evaluation values and be simultaneously constrained by the biases and cognitive errors of the evaluators, evaluation results are prone to unfairness and conflicts. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a consensus-based 360 degree feedback evaluation method with linguistic distribution assessments. Firstly, evaluators provide evaluation information in the form of linguistic distribution. Secondly, utilizing an enhanced ordered weighted averaging (OWA)

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Gilbert, Madeline. "Conflicting standards and variability: Spirantization in two varieties of Uruguayan Spanish." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 16, no. 2 (2023): 397–446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2023-2015.

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Abstract Most sociolinguistic work on variation focuses on how rates of occurrence or mean measurements differ between speech communities and speakers. However, speakers and communities also differ in variability – that is, in dispersion around the mean. The current study investigates the effects of speech style and multilingualism on variation and variability, by measuring the degree of intervocalic /bdɡ/ spirantization in spontaneous and careful speech. Data come from two varieties of Uruguayan Spanish, one monolingual (Montevideo) and one in contact with Brazilian Portuguese (Rivera). The r

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Petrea, Daniela. "The effects of gadgets in conflict behaviors among preschoolers." Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe ale Educației, no. 9(179) (February 2025): 112–17. https://doi.org/10.59295/sum9(176)2024_17.

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This article brings to the fore the influence of gadgets on preschoolers, as well as their effects on behavior and self-esteem. The article presents the influence of gadgets in the child’s development, being a determining factor for the conflictive, aggressive behaviors that appeared at a given moment in preschoolers. The effects of virtual violence on children are presented, studies that highlight the adverse effects of gadgets used at a young age. Through a study, we highlighted the influence of the virtual world on the preschooler’s self-image, because self-esteem influences the conflicting

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Liu, Miaomiao, Mingyue Zhu, Minkun Yao, Pengrui Li, Renjing Tang, and Hui Deng. "Cooperative Motion Optimization Based on Risk Degree under Automatic Driving Environment." Sensors 24, no. 13 (2024): 4275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24134275.

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Appropriate traffic cooperation at intersections plays a crucial part in modern intelligent transportation systems. To enhance traffic efficiency at intersections, this paper establishes a cooperative motion optimization strategy that adjusts the trajectories of autonomous vehicles (AVs) based on risk degree. Initially, AVs are presumed to select any exit lanes, thereby optimizing spatial resources. Trajectories are generated for each possible lane. Subsequently, a motion optimization algorithm predicated on risk degree is introduced, which takes into account the trajectories and motion states

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Ye, Fang, Jie Chen, and Yuan Tian. "A Robust DS Combination Method Based on Evidence Correction and Conflict Redistribution." Journal of Sensors 2018 (June 5, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6526018.

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To eliminate potential evidence conflicts, an effective and accurate DS combination method is addressed in this paper. DS evidence theory is an outstanding information fusion approach with valid uncertainty treatment. Nevertheless, there are some limitations of the usage of the DS evidence theory. On the one hand, due to the complexity of a combat measurement environment and the inconsistency of sensor capabilities, sensor sources have enormous uncertainty, which would inevitably cause conflicts for evidence combination. On the other hand, DS combination rule realizes the unity property of fus

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Tao, Hongwei, Qiaoling Cao, Haoran Chen, Yang Xian, Songtao Shang, and Xiaoxu Niu. "A Novel Software Trustworthiness Evaluation Strategy via Relationships between Criteria." Symmetry 14, no. 11 (2022): 2458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14112458.

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Software trustworthiness evaluation is regarded as a multi-criteria decision-making problem. However, most current software trustworthiness evaluation methods do not consider the relationships between criteria. In this paper, we present a software trustworthiness evaluation strategy via the relationships between criteria. Because the trustworthy attribute degree is evaluated by a criterion, a trustworthy attribute measurement method based on fuzzy theory is first proposed, and the relationships between criteria are described by cooperative and conflicting degrees between criteria. Then, a meas

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Korhonen, Vesa. "International Degree Students’ Integration into the Finnish Higher Education and Labor Market." Journal of Finnish Studies 17, no. 1-2 (2014): 126–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.17.1.2.07.

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Abstract Highly educated immigrants are an important and conflicting question in the labor market in Finland. The Finnish labor market traditionally has been fairly closed, and even advanced degrees have not necessarily guaranteed job opportunities for immigrants corresponding to their qualifications from the countries of departure. This article examines how international degree students integrate into the academic community in Finland and into Finnish society. The results of the mixed-method study strengthen the idea that if one wants to understand international degree students’ integration m

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Braet, Olivier, and Pieter Ballon. "Business Model Scenarios for Remote Management." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 2, no. 3 (2007): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer2030022.

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This article critically appraises business model challenges in implementing remote management functionalities. Remote management is believed to create new service opportunities and foster convergence between previously dissociated islands of end user devices. Conflicting business logics from disparate industries, however, run counter to this attempt at centralization. We introduce a generic business modeling methodology that aims to move beyond traditional ICT investment appraisal techniques by combining four critical dimensions of design. We develop four business model scenarios based on the

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Conradt, Larissa. "Models in animal collective decision-making: information uncertainty and conflicting preferences." Interface Focus 2, no. 2 (2011): 226–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0090.

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Collective decision-making plays a central part in the lives of many social animals. Two important factors that influence collective decision-making are information uncertainty and conflicting preferences. Here, I bring together, and briefly review, basic models relating to animal collective decision-making in situations with information uncertainty and in situations with conflicting preferences between group members. The intention is to give an overview about the different types of modelling approaches that have been employed and the questions that they address and raise. Despite the use of a

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Mansab, Maria. "Civilizations at Odds: The Persistent Conflict Between Israel and Palestine." Journal of Research in Social Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/jrss.12i2.262.

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The question whether the issues in the Middle East stem from a clash of values or from Western imperialist intervention has long been a subject of scholarly discourse. This article posits around the discourse of ‘clash of civilizations’, which is an endeavor to uphold Western hegemony in the Middle East. Furthermore, it contends the narrative, that it functions as a self-fulfilling prophecy, exacerbating ongoing conflicts within the region. A complex interplay of factors encompassing ethnic, national, historical, and religious shapes the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The degree to which religi

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PATER, JOE, and JESSICA A. BARLOW. "Constraint conflict in cluster reduction." Journal of Child Language 30, no. 3 (2003): 487–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000903005658.

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When children reduce onset clusters to singletons, a common pattern is for the least sonorous member of the adult cluster to be produced. Within OPTIMALITY THEORY (Prince & Smolensky, 1993), this pattern has been accounted for in terms of a fixed ranking of onset constraints that evaluate a segment's degree of sonority, whereby onset glides violate the highest ranked constraint, and onset stops the lowest. Not all children follow the sonority pattern, however. In this paper, we apply two fundamental principles of optimality theory to yield predictions about other children's cluster reducti

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Curley, Shawn P. "The application of Dempster-Shafer theory demonstrated with justification provided by legal evidence." Judgment and Decision Making 2, no. 5 (2007): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500000590.

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AbstractIn forecasting and decision making, people can and often do represent a degree of belief in some proposition. At least two separate constructs capture such degrees of belief: likelihoods capturing evidential balance and support capturing evidential weight. This paper explores the weight or justification that evidence affords propositions, with subjects communicating using a belief function in hypothetical legal situations, where justification is a relevant goal. Subjects evaluated the impact of sets of 1–3 pieces of evidence, varying in complexity, within a hypothetical legal situation

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Semjon, Ján, Mikuláš Hajduk, Rudolf Jánoš, and Peter Tuleja. "Procedure Selection Bearing Reducer TwinSpin for Robotic Arm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 245 (December 2012): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.245.261.

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The current mechanical engineering applications require the use of increasingly larger share precision reducers and special mechatronics units with a high degree of integration. High precision gearboxes is used for such applications with low backlash and high torsional stiffness (harmonic, cycloidal or planetary). Bearing reducers (cycloidal gear) meet the requirements of small built-in space in the implementation a high-precision change of transfers. Bearing reducers TwinSpin from company Spinea accurately fulfil all of these conflicting requirements.

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REHM, FRANK, FRANK KLAWONN, and RUDOLF KRUSE. "VISUALIZATION OF FUZZY CLASSIFIERS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 15, no. 05 (2007): 615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021848850700490x.

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This paper presents different techniques to visualize high-dimensional fuzzy rule bases in relation to the classified data. The degree of membership to influential rules can be visualized for an entire data set. This enables the observer to detect conflicting or error-prone rules as well as misclassified feature vectors. Results are shown on a benchmark data set and on a weather data set that is used to predict flight durations on a major European airport.

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Solís-Baltodano, Maria José, José-Manuel Giménez-Gómez, and Josep E. Peris. "Distributing the European structural and investment funds from a conflicting claims approach." Review of Regional Research 42 (December 23, 2023): 23–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10037-021-00164-9.

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In order to support economic development across all European Union regions, €351.8 billion –almost a third of the total EU budget– has been set aside for the Cohesion Policy during the 2014–2020 period. The distribution of this budget is made through five main structural and investment funds, after long and difficult negotiations among the EU member states. This paper analyzes the problem of allocating the limited resources of the European Regional Development Fund as a conflicting claims problem. Specifically, we attempt to show how the conflicting claims approach fits

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Westlake, Daniel. "Multiculturalism, political parties, and the conflicting pressures of ethnic minorities and far-right parties." Party Politics 24, no. 4 (2016): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068816678881.

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Multiculturalism is an increasingly salient election issue. The growing size of many countries’ ethnic minority populations pushes parties to support multiculturalism, whereas the emergence of far-right parties in many countries pressures them to oppose it. This article examines parties’ positions on multiculturalism in a comparative context. It looks at 19 countries including most of Western Europe, North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. It argues that the influence of ethnic minorities over parties depends on electoral systems, and the strategies mainstream parties adopt in respon

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Ishida, Takashi, Atsushi Maruyama, and Shinichi Kurihara. "Risk Communication under Conflicting Information: The Role of Confidence in Subjective Risk Assessment." Journal of Food Research 11, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v11n1p1.

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In this study, we develop a model of food consumption with a focus on the subjectively assessed risk of consumers and their degree of confidence in their risk assessment and use it to examine consumer behavior in the chaotic situation created by the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011. The data were collected in March 2012 using a mail survey for 1300 Japanese women, the primary food purchasers. The respondents were asked to evaluate the cancer risk of eating agricultural products, which were assumed to be grown in the affected area, despite meeting national regulatory standards for radioactive

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Chen, Lei, Ling Diao, and Jun Sang. "A novel weighted evidence combination rule based on improved entropy function with a diagnosis application." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 15, no. 1 (2019): 155014771882399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718823990.

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Managing conflict in Dempster–Shafer theory is a popular topic. In this article, we propose a novel weighted evidence combination rule based on improved entropy function. This newly proposed approach can be mainly divided into two steps. First, the initial weight will be determined on the basis of the distance of evidence. Then, this initial weight will be modified using improved entropy function. This new method converges faster when handling high conflicting evidences and greatly reduces uncertainty of decisions, which can be demonstrated by a numerical example where the belief degree is rai

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Cerrato, Robert M. "Interpretable Statistical Tests for Growth Comparisons using Parameters in the von Bertalanffy Equation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 7 (1990): 1416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-160.

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Likelihood ratio, t-, univariate χ2-, and T2-tests have been proposed to compare von Bertalanffy parameters among stocks. As commonly applied, all of these tests are approximate, with the accuracy of each dependent on the nonlinearity of the von Bertalanffy equation, sample size, and if present, the degree of heterogeneity in the error variances. An empirical comparison of these procedures shows that the likelihood ratio test often differs in outcome from the others. Analysis of the conflicting cases by confidence region comparisons and Monte Carlo simulations almost always resolved the outcom

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Surprenant, Carol F., and Michael R. Solomon. "Predictability and Personalization in the Service Encounter." Journal of Marketing 51, no. 2 (1987): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224298705100207.

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Service marketers are confronted with two conflicting goals when designing service delivery systems, efficiency and personalization. The relative importance of each factor is determined by the nature of the specific service to be rendered, and by participants’ expectations about degree of personalization. A study was conducted to test two assertions: (1) service personalization is a multidimensional construct and (2) all forms of personalization do not necessarily result in greater consumer satisfaction with the service offering. Three types of personalization strategies were proposed and oper

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Huiskamp, Rien, and Maarten van Riemsdijk. "Competitive consensus: bargaining on employment and competitiveness in the Netherlands." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 7, no. 4 (2001): 682–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890100700411.

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This article shows how bargaining on the conflicting issues of fighting unemployment and increasing competitiveness has evolved. It offers an empirical insight into the degree to which the national framework agreements that form part of the now famous Dutch polder model are implemented. At the national level framework agreements are set up and recommendations are made on a wide range of issues. It is shown that these are then interpreted and partly adopted by negotiators at lower collective bargaining levels. At company level, three cases illustrate differences in the degree to which companies

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