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Journal articles on the topic 'Corneal keratoconus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Huseynli, Samira, José Salgado-Borges, and Jorge L. Alio. "Comparative evaluation of Scheimpflug tomography parameters between thin non-keratoconic, subclinical keratoconic, and mild keratoconic corneas." European Journal of Ophthalmology 28, no. 5 (2018): 521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672118760146.

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Purpose: To evaluate and compare the topographic and topometric parameters, thickness profile data, and data from enhanced elevation maps of thin non-keratoconic, subclinical keratoconic, and mild keratoconic corneas with the Pentacam Scheimpflug corneal tomography and to study the usefulness of different parameters to differentiate keratoconus from topographically normal thin corneas. Methods: The study included 30 eyes with subclinical keratoconus, 30 eyes with mild-stage keratoconus, and 54 healthy eyes with minimal pachymetry ≤500 µm, with a mean age of 21.19 ± 2.97, 21.75 ± 1.93, and 21.5

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Tian, Lei, Yi-Fei Huang, Li-Qiang Wang, et al. "Corneal Biomechanical Assessment Using Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology in Keratoconic and Normal Eyes." Journal of Ophthalmology 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/147516.

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Purpose. To compare the corneal biomechanical properties of keratoconic patients and age-matched controls using corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST).Methods. Sixty keratoconic eyes from 47 keratoconus patients and 60 normal eyes from 60 controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Tomography and biomechanical parameters of all eyes were obtained with the Pentacam and Corvis ST, respectively. Intraocular pressure was measured using a Goldmann applanation tonometer.Results.The tomography and biomechanical parameters of the keratoconic corneas were significantly different

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García, Beatriz, Olivia García-Suárez, Jesús Merayo-Lloves, et al. "Heparanase Overexpresses in Keratoconic Cornea and Tears Depending on the Pathologic Grade." Disease Markers 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3502386.

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Background. Keratoconus has classically been defined as a noninflammatory disorder, although recent studies show elevated levels of inflammatory markers suggesting that keratoconus could be, at least in part, an inflammatory condition. Heparanase upregulation has been described in multiple inflammatory disorders. In this article, we study the differential expression of heparanase in cornea and tears from keratoconus patients and healthy controls. Methods. A transcriptomic approach was used employing quantitative polymerase chain reaction to analyze the expression of heparanase and heparanase 2

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4

Varshney, Ankit. "EVALUATION OF ANTERIOR SEGMENT IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN DIAGNOSIS OF KERATOCONUS." Kadakia International Journal of Research in Multidiscipline 1, no. 3 (2014): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13894030.

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Abstract: Keratoconus, which was first described in detail in 1854 (derived from the Greek terms kerato, meaning cornea, and konos meaning cone) is a bilateral, noninflammatory,1 progressive disorder characterized by corneal ectasia, thinning, protrusion and asymmetric corneal degenerative disease that compromises the structural integrity of the collagen matrix within the corneal stroma. The hallmark characteristic is the development of a localized, cone-shaped ectasia (bulge or hernia) that is accompanied by thinning of the stroma in the area of the cone.2,3

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Revta, A. M., A. A. Pikhtulov, N. A. Derevtsova, D. V. Startseva, and D. M. Ugryumova. "Clinical cases of acute keratoconus." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 4 (September 29, 2023): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2023-4-138-143.

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During the ten-year follow-up period, hydrops corneae was diagnosed in 5 (6 eyes) out of 266 patients (1.8%) with keratoconus. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 57 years. In 2 patients, acute keratoconus was the first manifestation of corneal ectasia. Decompensation of chronic keratoconus was observed in the period from 1 to 19 years from the onset of the disease. In all patients, autologous blood injection into the anterior chamber in the acute period of the disease made it possible to stop corneal edema and corneal syndrome in a short time. Hemoplombing of the anterior chamber in acu

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Silver, Frederick H., Tanmay Deshmukh, Dominick Benedetto, et al. "The Contribution of the Limbus and Collagen Fibrils to Corneal Biomechanical Properties: Estimation of the Low-Strain In Vivo Elastic Modulus and Tissue Strain." Biomimetics 9, no. 12 (2024): 758. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9120758.

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We have compared the biomechanical properties of human and porcine corneas using vibrational optical coherence tomography (VOCT). The elastic modulus of the cornea has been previously reported in the literature to vary from about several kPa to more than several GPa based on the results of different techniques. In addition, the formation of corneal cones near the central cornea in keratoconus has been observed in the clinic. Measurements of the resonant frequency and morphology of human and porcine corneas were used to evaluate the role of the limbus in corneal stabilization, the effect of Bow

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Subbot, A. M., Yu M. Efremov, P. S. Timashev, et al. "Biomechanical properties of keratoconus model – corneal fibrocytes cell culture in zinc depleted growth medium." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 10, no. 1 (2025): 179–88. https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2025-10.1.19.

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Background. Etiology and pathogenesis research of such a corneal disease as keratoconus is rather difficult due to the impossibility to study the underlying ultrastructural and molecular cornea changes in vivo and in animal models.The aim. To evaluate zinc relevance in the biomechanical properties of the corneal stroma – by means of in vitro keratoconus cell model.Materials and methods. In this experimental study, normal and keratoconic cell models of the corneal stroma were exampled – three-dimensional tissue-engineered structures of corneal fibrocytes obtained from healthy donors keratocytes

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Kwok, Sunny, Xueliang Pan, William Liu, Andrew Hendershot, and Jun Liu. "High-frequency ultrasound detects biomechanical weakening in keratoconus with lower stiffness at higher grade." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (2022): e0271749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271749.

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In vivo biomechanical characterization of the cornea remains a challenge. We have developed a high-frequency ultrasound elastography method, the ocular pulse elastography (OPE), to measure corneal axial displacement (CAD) induced by the ocular pulse. Here we compared CAD and a stiffness index derived from CAD between keratoconus patients and normal controls. We also explored the trend of these parameters with keratoconus grade. Twenty normal subjects and twenty keratoconus patients were recruited in this study. Corneal topography, tomography, intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular pulse amplitu

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Arnalich-Montiel, Francisco, Carlota Fuente, Clara Auladell, and Sara Ortiz-Toquero. "Detecting True Change in Keratoconus after Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation." Life 13, no. 4 (2023): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13040978.

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Confirming the progression of keratoconus is of paramount relevance to providing the appropriate treatment. Real change should be considered consistent over time. It must be greater than the variability of the measurement of the device used to monitor the cornea. The present study aimed to assess the intraobserver repeatability and intersession reproducibility of a Scheimpflug camera in measuring corneal parameters in virgin keratoconus and intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) implantation eyes to discriminate real change from measurement noise. Sixty keratoconus and 30 ICRS eyes were inc

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Mamikonyan, V. R., E. E. Kazaryan, E. V. Evdokimova, and M. Jourieh. "Effect of intraocular pressure level on topographic and biomechanical parameters of the cornea in keratoconus." Modern technologies in ophtalmology 60, no. 2 (2025): 281–82. https://doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2025-2-281-282.

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Relevance In studying the causes of keratectasia development in keratoconus (KK), the study of the relationship between the strength characteristics of the cornea and the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) remains an urgent task, the balance between which, as is known, ensures the stability of the cornea configuration in the norm [1, 2]. Objective To study changes in the biomechanical and topographic parameters of the cornea at different levels of ophthalmotonus. Material and methods Studies of corneal parameters were conducted under experimental conditions on cadaver eyes with imitation of t

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Pikkel, Joseph, and Hanna Garzozi. "Collagen Cross-Linking and Keratoconus in Pediatric Patients." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 1, no. 1 (2012): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1010.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of corneal cross-linking on keratoconic eyes in the pediatric age group. Setting Private laser center, Haifa, Israel, affiliated to Hadassah Hospital, Jerusalem. Methods This is a retrospective study of 29 eyes of 20 children treated with corneal cross-linking with aim to arrest the progression of keratoconus. We preformed collagen corneal cross-linking using riboflavin 0.1% and UVA irradiation. Follow- up ranged between 6 and 46 months (mean 25.5 months). Evaluation included uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle corrected visual acuity, manifest r

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Torquetti, Leonardo, and Jordana Sandes. "Ferrara Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 5, no. 3 (2016): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1132.

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ABSTRACT The Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) are designed to treat ectatic corneal disorders, especially keratoconus. They have been used to reshape keratoconic corneas to improve uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, contact lens tolerance and to delay or prevent the need for keratoplasty. Intrastromal corneal ring segments have several distinct and important advantages. The Ferrara ICRS have been used largely in several countries for the treatment of primary and secondary ectatic corneal disorders. This article reviews the latest data published and the cl

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Alipour, Fateme, Mojgan Letafatnejad, Amir Hooshang Beheshtnejad, et al. "Corneal Biomechanical Findings in Contact Lens Induced Corneal Warpage." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5603763.

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Purpose. To evaluate the difference in biomechanical properties between contact lens induced corneal warpage and normal and keratoconic eyes.Method. Prospective observational case control study, where 94 eyes of 47 warpage suspicious and 46 eyes of 23 keratoconic patients were included. Warpage suspected cases were followed until a definite diagnosis was made (warpage, normal, or keratoconus).Results. 44 eyes of 22 patients had contact lens related corneal warpage. 46 eyes of 23 people were diagnosed as nonwarpage normal eyes. 46 eyes of 23 known keratoconus patients were included for comparis

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González-Méijome, Jose M., Daniela Lopes-Ferreira, Laura Rico-del-Viejo, Patrícia Neves, Helena Ferreira, and José Salgado-Borges. "Corneal Pachymetry measured with Pentacam and CorvisST in Normal and Keratoconic Eyes." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 2, no. 3 (2013): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1061.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the agreement of pachymetry data provided by a new instrument to measure intraocular pressure (IOP) and the corneal biomechanical response with the values provided by Pentacam in healthy and keratoconic eyes. Methods Fifty-four right eyes from 54 healthy patients (32 females, 22 males) and 82 eyes from 43 keratoconus patients (20 females, 23 males) were included in the study. All patients were evaluated with Pentacam and CorvisST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) in random order in the same session. CorvisCCT was compared to Pentacam pachymetry in at the corneal center (P

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15

Salman, Abdelrahman, Taym Darwish, Ali Ali, Marwan Ghabra, and Rafea Shaaban. "Sensitivity and specificity of Sirius indices in diagnosis of keratoconus and suspect keratoconus." European Journal of Ophthalmology 32, no. 2 (2021): 790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11206721211060139.

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Aim To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of topographic and tomographic corneal parameters as determined by Sirius (CSO, Florence, Italy) in discriminating keratoconus (KC) and suspect keratoconus from normal cornea. Method In this retrospective case-series study, keratoconus screening indices were measured using Sirius tomographer. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine the test's overall predictive accuracy (area under the curve) and to identify optimal cut-off points to maximize sensitivity and specificity in differentiating keratoconus and suspect ker

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Solodkova, Elena Gennadievna, Boris Eduardovich Malyugin, Igor Nikolayevich Zakharov, et al. "Analysis of Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Different Keratotopographic Patterns of Keratoconus." Journal of Current Ophthalmology 35, no. 3 (2023): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/joco.joco_83_23.

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Purpose: To analyze the frequency of main keratotopographic patterns at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd stages of keratoconus and investigate corneal biomechanical properties across different patterns. Methods: The study comprised two stages. The first stage was computational-experimental, where we utilized COMSOL Multiphysics® software (COMSOL AB, Stockholm, Sweden) to mathematically model corneal mechanical behavior under intraocular pressure and pulsed air jet action in both normal and keratoconic conditions. The second stage was the clinical phase, during which we retrospectively analyzed the examin

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Orucoglu, Faik, and Ebru Toker. "Comparative Analysis of Anterior Segment Parameters in Normal and Keratoconus Eyes Generated by Scheimpflug Tomography." Journal of Ophthalmology 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/925414.

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Purpose. To assess and compare the anterior and posterior corneal surface parameters, keratoconus indices, thickness profile data, and data from enhanced elevation maps of keratoconic and normal corneas with the Pentacam Scheimpflug corneal tomography and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these parameters in discriminating keratoconus from normal eyes.Methods. The study included 656 keratoconus eyes and 515 healthy eyes with a mean age of30.95±9.25and32.90±14.78years, respectively. Forty parameters obtained from the Pentacam tomography were assessed by the receiver operating char

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Wei, Junchao, Rui He, Xiaogang Wang, et al. "The Corneal Ectasia Model of Rabbit: A Validity and Stability Study." Bioengineering 10, no. 4 (2023): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10040479.

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Keratoconus is a bilateral progressive degenerative corneal disease characterized by localized corneal thinning and dilatation. The pathogenesis of keratoconus is not fully elucidated. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and to explore potential treatments, animal models are essential for basic research. Several attempts have been made to establish animal models of corneal ectasia by using collagenase. However, continuous changes of the cornea have not been well-tracked for the model. In this study, corneal morphology and biomechanical behavior in vivo were de

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Smadja, David. "Topographic and Tomographic Indices for Detecting Keratoconus and Subclinical Keratoconus: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 2, no. 2 (2013): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1052.

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Abstract Purpose To provide an overview of the topographic and tomographic indices developed for detecting keratoconus (KC) and subclinical keratoconus. Methods Literature review of studies describing and testing KC indices as well as indices developed for improving the sensitivity of subclinical KC detection. Results Several indices, based on anterior and posterior curvature measurements, corneal spatial distribution or posterior corneal elevation have been developed for improving the detection of KC and subclinical KC. However, to date, none of them could reach, alone, sufficient discriminat

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Fuchsluger, Thomas A., Susanne Brettl, Gerd Geerling, Wolfgang Kaisers, and Philipp Franko Zeitz. "Biomechanical assessment of healthy and keratoconic corneas (with/without crosslinking) using dynamic ultrahigh-speed Scheimpflug technology and the relevance of the parameter (A1L−A2L)." British Journal of Ophthalmology 103, no. 4 (2018): 558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311627.

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AimsTo examine corneal biomechanics in healthy and keratoconic eyes, with or without crosslinking obtained by ultrahigh-speed Scheimpflug measurements (Corvis ST).MethodsOne hundred and seventeen eyes were studied in three groups: group 1 (n=39) contained keratoconic eyes without crosslinking. Group 2 (CXL; n=28) comprised keratoconic eyes after crosslinking. These were compared with a control group (n=50 matched healthy eyes). In addition, 10 keratoconus patients, before and after CXL treatment, respectively, were examined.ResultsThe novel parameter A1L–A2L demonstrated highly significant dif

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Ortiz-Toquero, Sara, and Raul Martin. "Keratoconus Screening in Primary Eye Care – A General Overview." European Ophthalmic Review 10, no. 02 (2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eor.2016.10.02.80.

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Keratoconus early detection (screening) and diagnosis requires an in-deep corneal analysis with different techniques; slip lamp assessment, corneal topography and corneal tomography are the most commonly accepted to detect clinical signs and assess anterior and posterior corneal surface and global corneal pachymetry. However, keratoconus early detection and definitive diagnosis are two different clinical procedures that require a different approach and goals. The aim of this review is to provide some general information about different corneal assessment technology, useful in keratoconus patie

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Vega-Estrada, Alfredo, Jorge L. Alio, Pablo Sanz, et al. "Distinction between Early Keratoconus with Normal Vision and Normal Cornea based on Pattern Recognition Analysis." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 6, no. 2 (2017): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1144.

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ABSTRACT Aim To find the profile that differentiates most normal corneas from early keratoconus with normal vision. Materials and methods Multicentric, comparative study including a total of 995 eyes and divided into two groups: 625 eyes suffering from early keratoconus but with normal vision [spectacle corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 0.9 decimal or better] and 370 normal control eyes with same normal vision level. To ascertain the main differences that would allow the identification of the keratoconic eyes from normals, a pattern recognition analysis was performed combining two sta

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Özalp, Onur, Eray Atalay, and Nilgün Yıldırım. "A Case of True Superior Keratoconus Confirmed Using Multiple Imaging Modalities." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 8, no. 2 (2019): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1180.

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ABSTRACT Aim To report an unusual case of a newly diagnosed bilateral superior keratoconus in an elderly patient. Background We report a case of bilateral superior keratoconus in a 64-year-old woman who was diagnosed after having presented with hydrops in one eye. Case description Uncorrected visual acuity was counting fingers from 3 and 1 meter for the right and left eyes, respectively. A superiorly located deep stromal scar and chronic corneal edema consistent with a diagnosis of corneal hydrops were noted for the left eye. Although the cornea was clear, there was superior corneal protrusion

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Bennani, Yasmine, Safia Benamar, Soufiane Bencherif, Mohammed Belmekki, Ramy Awad, and Ahmed Elmassry. "Corneal necrosis following an epithelium-off accelerated cross-linking for keratoconus, a case report and literature review." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports 5, no. 2 (2025): 251–56. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_1562_24.

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A case report of extensive corneal melt following epithelium-off accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) as a treatment of keratoconus, along with a review of the literature on noninfectious corneal melting after CXL, is presented. A 22-year-old male patient with a medical record of advanced bilateral keratoconus acquired acute corneal necrosis following an epithelium-off accelerated CXL procedure. The patient underwent therapeutic keratoplasty. Bacteriological analysis of the excised cornea following surgery revealed no organisms in direct examination or culture. Histological findings identif

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Castillo, Jamyl Habib, Rana Hanna, Eran Berkowitz, and Beatrice Tiosano. "Wavefront Analysis for Keratoconus." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 3, no. 2 (2014): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1083.

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ABSTRACT Keratoconus is the most common primary corneal ectasia, involving a thinning of the central cornea, leading to irregular corneal astigmatism. Wavefront analysis is an evolving field in the area of corneal surgery, initially designed for laser refractive treatments, but today is growing in importance and application in the diagnosis and treatment of corneal disorders such as keratoconus. In this article we will review the theoretical background of high order aberrations and the wavefront analysis as a tool for the diagnosis of keratoconus. How to cite this article Castillo JH, Hanna R,

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Catalan, S., L. Cadarso, F. Esteves, J. Salgado-Borges, M. Lopez, and C. Cadarso. "Assessment of Corneal Epithelial Thickness in Asymmetric Keratoconic Eyes and Normal Eyes Using Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5697343.

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Purpose. To compare the characteristics of asymmetric keratoconic eyes and normal eyes by Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) corneal mapping.Methods. Retrospective corneal and epithelial thickness OCT data for 74 patients were compared in three groups of eyes: keratoconic (n=22) and normal fellow eyes (n=22) in patients with asymmetric keratoconus and normal eyes (n=104) in healthy subjects. Areas under the curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for each variable were compared across groups to indicate their discrimination capacity.Results. Three variables

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Dina, Maria-Silvia, Maria-Cristina Marinescu, Cătălina-Gabriela Corbu, Mihaela-Monica Constantin, Cătălina-Ioana Tătaru, and Călin-Petru Tătaru. "Impact of Corneal Crosslinking on Endothelial and Biomechanical Parameters in Keratoconus." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 13 (2025): 4489. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134489.

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Background/Objectives: Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal ectatic disease, characterized by the progressive thinning of the cornea, myopia, and astigmatism, which lead to a decrease in visual acuity. Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is an efficient method of stopping the progression of the disease. The objective of this study is to investigate the endothelial and biomechanical properties of the cornea in keratoconus patients, before and after undergoing corneal collagen crosslinking. Methods: A total of 66 eyes were diagnosed with progressive keratoconus and were recommended epi-off corneal cros

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Lopes, Bernardo, Isaac C. Ramos, Bruno F. Valbon, et al. "Accuracy of Topometric Indices for Distinguishing between Keratoconic and Normal Corneas." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 2, no. 3 (2013): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1062.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the Pentacam topometric indices derived from the corneal surface curvature to distinguish between normal and keratoconic corneas. Methods The study consisted of 226 normal corneas from 113 patients and 88 keratoconic eyes from 44 patients. Eyes were defined as keratoconus based on comprehensive ocular examination, including Placido-disk-based corneal topography (Atlas Corneal Topography System; Humphrey, San Leandro, California) and rotating Scheimpflug corneal tomography (Pentacam HR; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Corneal Topometric

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Jabbarvand, Mahmoud, Mehdi Khodaparast, Alireza Jamali, Hooman Ahmadzadeh, and Soodeh Bordbar. "Changes in the Optical Corneal Densitometry, Visual Acuity, and Refractive Error after the Annular Intracorneal Inlay Implantation." Journal of Current Ophthalmology 33, no. 1 (2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/joco.joco_154_20.

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Purpose: To investigate the changes in the optical corneal densitometry as an objective method in assessing the corneal light back-scattering before and 1 year after the annular intracorneal inlay (AICI) implantation into the keratoconic corneas. Methods: Changes in the optical corneal densitometry, visual acuity, refractive, and tomographical status were assessed before and 1 year after the AICI implantation into the corneas with different stages of keratoconus. Optical corneal densitometry was evaluated using the Pentacam-HR in 0–2, 2–6, 6–10, and 10–12 mm rings in the anterior 120 μ, centra

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Raziya, Begum Sheikh, and T. Sindhoori. "A 32-year-old female with sudden onset of vision loss." medtigo Journal of Medicine 2, no. 1 (2024): e3062211. https://doi.org/10.63096/medtigo3062211.

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The progressive corneal disorder known as keratoconus results in the cornea becoming weaker and appearing conical. Because of this, the cornea's structural integrity is compromised, which puts afflicted people at risk for acute corneal hydrops, which is characterized by pain and sudden loss of vision due to a rupture in Descemet's membrane (cornea's deepest layer). It typically strikes in the second decade of life and impacts people of all racial and gender identities. 54 per 100,000 is the estimated prevalence in the general population. This paper describes a case of this uncommon cause of su

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Liu, Yanling, Yan He, Yingping Deng, and Lixiang Wang. "Lenticule addition keratoplasty for the treatment of keratoconus: A systematic review and critical considerations." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 72, Suppl 2 (2024): S167—S175. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_695_23.

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Keratoconus is a corneal disorder characterized by the progressive thinning and bulging of the cornea. Currently, the major goal of management is to halt its progression, restore normal corneal strength, prevent acute complications, and save vision. Penetrating keratoplasty and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty as conventional surgical methods for advanced keratoconus are limited by relatively high rates of immune intolerance, slow post-operational recovery, high costs, and shortage of donor corneas. Recently, the development of lenticule addition keratoplasty enables the restoration of corn

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Kiliç, Aylin. "Corneal Cross-linking in Combination with Intracorneal Ring Segments." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 6, no. 2 (2017): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1149.

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ABSTRACT The goal of ring segment surgery is to reduce the degree of myopia and astigmatism, improving uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity. The crosslinking is a procedure used for stabilizing the cornea in patients with progressive keratoconus. Corneal crosslinking surgery and combination of an intracorneal ring segments seems to be as effective for corneal stability and refractive improvement in keratoconic eyes. How to cite this article Kiliç A. Corneal Cross-linking in Combination with Intracorneal Ring Segments. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2017;6(2):92-96.

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Idrus, Elfa Ali, Arief Akhdestira Mustaram, Angga Fajriansyah, and Patriotika Muslima. "Bilateral keratoconus hydrops in a patient with Down Syndrome: a case report." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (2023): 857–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i1.3829.

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Background: Keratoconus has been reported in as many as 8% to 36% of people with Down syndrome. Corneal hydrops, a complication of advanced keratoconus, is characterized by the sudden onset of severe stromal and epithelial edema resulting from descemet membrane rupture. According to previous studies, acute corneal hydrops occurs in between 0.2% and 2.8% of keratoconus patients, while the incidence of corneal hydrops in Down syndrome patients with keratoconus is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the bilateral keratoconus hydrops in a patient with Down Syndrome. Case Presentation: We reported

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Fernández-Vega-Cueto, L., V. Romano, R. Zaldivar, et al. "Surgical Options for the Refractive Correction of Keratoconus: Myth or Reality." Journal of Ophthalmology 2017 (2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7589816.

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Keratoconus provides a decrease of quality of life to the patients who suffer from it. The treatment used as well as the method to correct the refractive error of these patients may influence on the impact of the disease on their quality of life. The purpose of this review is to describe the evidence about the conservative surgical treatment for keratoconus aiming to therapeutic and refractive effect. The visual rehabilitation for keratoconic corneas requires addressing three concerns: halting the ectatic process, improving corneal shape, and minimizing the residual refractive error. Cross-lin

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Bobba, Samantha, Alanna Wood, John Males, and Yves Kerdraon. "Patterns in refractive error and treatment delay in keratoconus–An Australian study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (2024): e0297268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297268.

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Keratoconus is the most common primary corneal ectasia and is associated with significant morbidity. In its early stages, keratoconus is often asymptomatic, making the identification of subclinical disease challenging. Refractive error is a parameter that is documented at most routine optometry visits, yet interestingly, changes in refraction of keratoconic patients over time have not yet been studied and compared with the general population. Early diagnosis of keratoconus facilitates timely referral for treatments such as corneal collagen cross-linking, which has been shown to slow disease pr

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Gharieb, Hesham Mohamed, Ihab Saad Othman, Ahmed Hamdy Oreaba, and Mona Kamal Abdelatif. "Topographic, elevation, and keratoconus indices for diagnosis of keratoconus by a combined Placido and Scheimpflug topography system." European Journal of Ophthalmology 31, no. 4 (2021): 1553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672121991725.

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Purpose: To determine the accuracy of various corneal parameters in keratoconus diagnosis using Scheimpflug camera combined with Placido disk corneal topography (Sirius, CSO). Methods: One hundred and fifteen keratoconic eyes (group1) and a 111 normal eyes (group2) were assessed prospectively between March 2018 and July 2019 for: corneal keratometric indices (K1, K2, sim K, apex curvature) at different corneal rings of both corneal surfaces, central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest corneal thickness (TL), corneal asphericity (Q), elevation at thinnest point, root mean square (RMS), and root m

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Huseynli, Samira. "PARADOXICAL CLINICAL CASES IN KERATOCONUS AND THEIR TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES." Azerbaijan Journal of Ophthalmology, no. 2025/17/01/52 (April 8, 2025): 19–29. https://doi.org/10.71110/ajo791020251701521929.

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Purpose – to analyze the tomographic features of paradoxical clinical cases of keratoconus. Material and methods In an analytical and retrospective study, paradoxical clinical cases that contradicted the characteristics of keratoconus were analyzed in 2 groups: 19 eyes with a mean keratometry ≤43.5 D in the low keratometry keratoconus group (LK), and 21 eyes with a central pachymetry ≥550 μm in the thick keratoconus group (TK). For the comparision 60 eyes with classic keratoconus were included in the clinical keratoconus group (CK) and 30 normal eyes without keratoconus in the control group (N

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Popová, Veronika, Dana Tomčíková, Beáta Bušányová, Filip Kecer, Anton Gerinec, and Ivajlo Popov. "Use of Corneal Topography in Pediatric Ophthalmology." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 79, no. 5 (2023): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2023/30.

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Aim: To introduce the topic of pediatric keratoconus, highlighting the importance of routine corneal topography and tomography in children and adolescents from predisposed groups. To attempt to ensure the early detection of keratoconus and its subclinical form, enabling early treatment, which brings better expected postoperative results. Material and methods: Using the corneal tomograph Pentacam AXL we examined children and adolescents with astigmatism equal or greater than 2 diopters (in at least one eye) and patients with at least one risk factor such as eye rubbing in the case of allergic p

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Kim, Kook Young, Seongjun Lee, Young Joon Jeon, and Ji Sang Min. "Anterior segment characteristics in normal and keratoconus eyes evaluated with a new type of swept-source optical coherence tomography." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0274071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274071.

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Purpose This study aimed to evaluate and compare the discriminating ability of corneal elevation maps generated using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) (SS-OCT ANTERION, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), which was estimated with different reference surfaces, to distinguish normal corneas from those with keratoconus and keratoconus suspect. Methods A total of 126 eyes of patients, which comprised 43, 37, and 46 keratoconus, keratoconus suspects, and normal controls, respectively, were included in this study. The anterior and posterior elevations at the thinnest po

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Ruan, Yimeng, Ying Zhang, and Xiaohong Ying. "Clinical Study on the Differential Diagnosis of High Myopia Astigmatism and Subclinical Keratoconus in Adolescents by Pentacam Anterior Segment Analyzer." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022 (May 16, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6370791.

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To explore the clinical value of Pentacam anterior segment analyzer in differential diagnosis of high myopia astigmatism and subclinical keratoconus in adolescents. The study included 100 teenagers with ophthalmic diseases treated at our hospital between July 2015 and August 2021, including 58 individuals with simple high myopia astigmatism (73 eyes in the simple high myopia astigmatism group) and 42 teenagers with subclinical keratoconus (51 eyes in the subclinical keratoconus group). The corneal parameters of the two groups were measured with a Pentacam anterior segment analyzer, and we comp

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Aatila, Mustapha, Mohamed Lachgar, Hamid Hrimech, and Ali Kartit. "Transfer Learning in Keratoconus Classification." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 18, no. 15 (2022): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v18i15.33689.

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Early detection of keratoconus will provide more treatment choices, avoid heavy treatments, and help stop the rapid progression of the disease. Unlike traditional methods of keratoconus classification, this study presents a machine learning-based keratoconus classification approach, using transfer learning, applied on corneal topographic images. Classification is performed considering the three corneal classes already cited : normal, suspicious and keratoconus. Keratoconus classification is carried out using six pretrained convolutional neural networks (CNN) VGG16, InceptionV3, MobileNet, Dens

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Kobashi, Hidenaga, Takashi Kumanomido, Takeshi Ide, et al. "Ineffectiveness of KeraVio Treatment with Violet Light-Emitting Glasses Without Riboflavin Drops for Progressive Keratoconus." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 3 (2025): 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030773.

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Background: KeraVio, a portable corneal cross-linking (CXL) treatment modality involving the use of violet light (VL)-emitting glasses, was originally used in conjunction with topical transepithelial riboflavin (BJO 2021). However, after our preliminary findings of endogenous riboflavin in the human cornea and the observation that the relatively low intensity of VL irradiation increased corneal stiffness in porcine corneas (TVST 2021), we evaluated the clinical results of KeraVio without riboflavin drops. Methods: Patients with progressive keratoconus were enrolled and randomly divided into a

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Ballouz, Dena, Pauline M. Dmitriev, and Brandon D. Ayres. "Corneal Tissue Addition Keratoplasty for the Treatment of Keratoconus: A Review." International Ophthalmology Clinics 65, no. 2 (2025): 31–34. https://doi.org/10.1097/iio.0000000000000561.

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Keratoconus, characterized by loss of corneal structural integrity causing stromal thinning, has both surgical and nonsurgical management options. While corneal cross-linking is being increasingly used to halt the progression of keratoconus, it is reserved for patients with milder disease and thicker corneas. Tissue addition keratoplasty has recently emerged as a treatment option for patients with more advanced keratoconus. Studies of available tissue addition keratoplasty techniques, including Bowman layer transplantation, corneal allogenic intrastromal ring segments, and intralamellar kerato

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Subramanian, P., and GP Ramesh. "Diagnosis of Keratoconus with Corneal Features Obtained through LBP, LDP, LOOP and CSO." Trends in Sciences 18, no. 20 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.22.

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Keratoconus, by its name, is the condition of the eye wherein the cornea assumes a conical shape due to the thinning and protrusion of the cornea. Keratoconus, though bilateral, can be asymmetric in that it can progress differently in the eyes of the patient. Keratoconus can start from early adulthood and progress till the age of 40. Early detection of keratoconus is vital in preventing vision loss or costly repairs. The diagnostic tools available range from keratoscope to videokeratoscope but involves human efforts and thereby human errors. Automatic detection of keratoconus is required for l

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Mehravaran, Shiva, Allen Eghrari, Siamak Yousefi, Fahmi Khalifa, Guita Ghiasi, and Azadeh Farahi. "Screening with the Bilateral Corneal Symmetry 3-D Analyzer." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22, no. 5 (2025): 747. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22050747.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative platform (the Bilateral Corneal Symmetry 3-D Analyzer—BiCSA) and a novel corneal symmetry index (the Volume Between Spheres—VBS) in differentiating normal corneas from those with keratoconus. Pentacam imaging data from 30 healthy corneas and 30 keratoconus cases were analyzed. BiCSA was utilized to determine the VBS for each case. Statistical analyses included comparing mean VBS values between groups and assessing sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPVs). Keratoconus patients exhibited significantly higher V

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Chaudhary, M., H. Kandel, and P. Adhikari. "Visual outcome in Keratoconus with spherical rigid gas permeable contact lens." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 39, no. 3 (2024): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.715.

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Introduction: Keratoconus is a bileteral asymetric progressive ecteria of cornea commonly associated with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and Atopic dermatitis. Rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens is the first choice for refractive correction in keratoconic eyes. The visual outcome in Keratoconus with spherical RGP contact lens along with the mean age of presentation, gender predominance, ethnicity, associated conditions, refractive error and corneal astigmatism was evaluated. Methods: The records of the Keratoconus patients attending cornea and contact lens clinic for last 6 years were reviewe

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Colin, Joseph, David Smadja, and David Touboul. "Comparative Evaluation of Elevation, Keratometric, Pachymetric and Wavefront Parameters in Normal Eyes, Subclinical Keratoconus and Keratoconus with a Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 1, no. 3 (2012): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1031.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To compare the corneal parameters in normal corneas, forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and keratoconus measured with a dual Scheimpflug analyzer. Materials and methods A total of 372 eyes of 197 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: 148 eyes of 102 patients with keratoconus, 47 contralateral topographically normal eyes of clinically evident keratoconus in the fellow eye and 177 eyes of 95 refractive surgery candidates with normal corneas. All eyes were measured with a dual Scheimpflug analyzer and elevation, keratometric, pachymetric an

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Wairagade, Nikhilesh, Nikhil Chandure, and Shruti Surana. "Rare case of late acute corneal hydrops in a 35-year-old patient post-corneal collagen cross-linking." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports 4, no. 2 (2024): 460–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_2772_23.

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This case report describes a 35-year-old male presenting with acute corneal hydrops 10 years after uneventful corneal collagen cross-linking done for keratoconus in the left eye. During the follow-up periods, the patient was noted to have several episodes of severe allergic conjunctivitis with eye rubbing that were treated accordingly, but the patient was noncompliant and progression of keratoconus was suspected on topography. There are no reported cases of acute corneal hydrops in cross-linked corneas. We suspect allergic conjunctivitis and eye rubbing may be a risk factor associated with pos

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Daxer, Albert. "Corneal Thickness after MyoRing Implantation for Keratoconus." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 3, no. 1 (2014): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1071.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the corneal thickness development after MyoRing implantation as a tissue-related indicator of keratoconus progression. Materials and methods Twelve eyes suffering from keratoconus were treated for visual rehabilitation by means of MyoRing implantation into a corneal pocket. The postoperative development of the corneal thickness at the thinnest point was analyzed. Follow-up ranged from 16 to 74 months (mean 37 months). Results Out of the 12 eyes only one eye showed a thinner cornea at the last follow-up 60 months after MyoRing implan-tation compared to the last preop

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Ferrara, Paulo, Leonardo Torquetti, and Guilherme Ferrara. "Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments in Children with Keratoconus." International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases 6, no. 2 (2017): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1142.

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ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the long-term follow-up of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRSs) (Ferrara Ophthalmics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) implantation for the management of keratoconus in children. Study design Paulo Ferrara Eye Clinic, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Materials and methods A total of 58 eyes of 37 children with keratoconus were included. One or two ring segments were inserted into the cornea, embracing the keratoconus area. Statistical analysis included preoperative and postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acui

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