Academic literature on the topic 'Corporations worldwide'

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Journal articles on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Garcia-Bernardo, Javier, and Petr Janský. "Profit shifting of multinational corporations worldwide." World Development 177 (May 2024): 106527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106527.

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Malkawi, Bashar H. "Editorial: Corporate governance and COVID-19 in the context of coming drastic changes." Corporate Board role duties and composition 16, no. 3 (2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv16i3editorial.

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Corporate governance faces a new set of challenges in light of COVID-19. Corporations would have to reduce their finance by assuming more debt and providing dividends for shareholders. This will lead to a stable financial environment. Corporations might choose among diverse interests that would include a mix of government interests and concentrated ownership. Also, as a result of increase in the use of technology, there will a shift in the bargaining power between capital and labor as corporations will have a wide spectrum in hiring employees worldwide. As we have seen over the past few years,
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Nirawati, Lia, Acep Samsudin, Firdiana Nur Auliya, Ferry Fahrial Rakhmad, Muhammad Fauzy H., and Abdillah Hanif Isna. "Sistem Kerja Keuangan Internasional International Financial Work System." El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam 4, no. 5 (2023): 1451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v4i5.2942.

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 International financial management is planning, organizing, and controlling the finances of Multinational Corporations (Multinational Corporations, often called MNCs). Multinational companies are companies that operate worldwide. MNC finance is rightly defined as a system of monetary relations, which generate the economic activities of the MNC and are necessary for the accumulation, allocation, and efficient use of capital and income funds. In that way MNC finance is a special system, not only because it ensures the smooth functioning of the corporation, and its effective development an
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Karičková, Marianna. "The Comparison of the Trends in Services Provided Worldwide with the Trends in Slovakia." Studia commercialia Bratislavensia 5, no. 17 (2012): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10151-012-0001-z.

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Abstract The author highlights the services from the perspective of the service providers and clients. Furthermore, the author discusses the issues raised to the centers of support services and the criteria according to which a multinational corporation makes a decision about destinations where their centers should be located. The author deals with the current trends of the international service providers, who established shared services centers in Slovakia. The benefits that Slovakia offers, such as convenient location, low labor costs or low tax burden in recent years are the main criteria t
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Alabdullah, Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif, and Muath Asmar Muath Asmar. "Under COVID-19 Pandemic Impact: Do Internal Mechanisms Play Fundamental Role in Corporations’ Outcomes." Business Ethics and Leadership 6, no. 1 (2022): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(1).83-91.2022.

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The new coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has had a significant impact on health care, the economy, transportation, and other areas in several businesses and locations worldwide. As a result of the quarantine policy, population mobility fell drastically, resulting in diminished people’s spending power and ultimately a stagnating economy. The same is true in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, where the government has imposed a severe countrywide lockdown and a nocturnal curfew since the commencement of the COVID-19 epidemic. All travel to and from the country was halted as the borders were closed.
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Kyj, Larissa S., and George C. Romeo. "Microsoft's Foreign Earnings: Tax Strategy." Issues in Accounting Education 30, no. 4 (2015): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-51177.

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ABSTRACT The high corporate tax rate and the complexity of the U.S. tax code provide U.S. multinationals with the incentives and opportunities to shift income to foreign low-tax jurisdictions. In theory, U.S. corporations are taxed at the statutory rate of 35 percent on their worldwide income, but income earned by an active Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) is usually not taxed until it is repatriated to the parent company in the U.S. As a result, trillions of dollars in cash and investments sit in offshore companies, awaiting a repatriation tax holiday. Much of these earnings are held by t
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Liu, Zhengting, and Canni Lin. "Reassessment of the Emission Reduction Responsibilities of Wealthy Individuals and Corporations: Considerations based on the Perspective of Resource Availability." International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration 3, no. 1 (2024): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v3n1.09.

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Minimizing emissions has become a crucial element in the fight against global climate change. This study will employ resource dependence theory to assess the participation of wealthy individuals and corporations in the worldwide effort to decrease emissions, particularly with regards to natural, human, and capital resources. The objective is to demonstrate the crucial role that affluent individuals and major corporations play in promoting climate action. In conclusion, we recommend enhancing the management of these organizations' resource utilization and implementing stronger environmental pro
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McConvill, James. "Positive Corporate Governance and its Implications for Executive Compensation." German Law Journal 6, no. 12 (2005): 1777–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200004314.

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As a result of a series of high-profile corporate collapses worldwide, along with regular reporting of shareholder money being spent on corporate jets, executive golf days and increasingly excessive executive compensation arrangements, the common perception is that the executives of our largest corporations are driven by self-interest with little regard for what is best for the corporation. Due to this negative perception, there has been an exponential increase in the amount of laws, rules and guidelines setting in place a heightened standard of corporate governance best practice. Without such
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Wang, Zifang. "Comparative Study on Corporate Nationality Identification of China and the United States." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 24 (December 31, 2023): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/nfgwen16.

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Since the emergence of multinational corporations, the determination of their nationality has become an important issue in international law. China and the United States have adopted different systems for determining the nationality of a company. China merely use the jurisdiction of incorporation while the United States introduce control test to decide the nationality of a corporation. In face of a more complex economic environment, the jurisdiction of incorporation rule, though widely accepted worldwide, has its drawbacks, such as companies evading policy regulations, difficulties in determin
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Merebashvili, Tamara A. "State Owned Companies Efficiency Management: Worldwide Experience." Zakon 21, no. 2 (2024): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2024-21-2-97-107.

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Almost a quarter of the world’s largest companies nowadays are state-owned, and their role as global competitors is growing in proportion to the expansion of market boundaries beyond the geographical borders of states. Since the competition between states for political influence has long moved to the field of economic relations, the effectiveness of state-owned transnational corporations has become a key condition for the success of such a struggle. Multidirectional trends in increasing the efficiency of state-owned companies, on the one hand, and strengthening the role and intervention state-
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Gose, Michael A. "Corporate Inversions: Realigning Tax Incentives to Keep Corporations in the United States." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1033.

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ABSTRACT This thesis analyzes the corporate income tax, more specifically related to foreign sourced income, and proposes a solution to reduce the desirability of tax inversions and restore the competitiveness of United States’ corporations. The paper introduces the topic and discusses why corporate taxation has returned to the forefront of political discussion. It then addresses early 2000s regulation passed in response to increased inversion activity of the late ‘90s and how that regulation failed to achieve its intended purpose. Then, the current laws will be introduced with a focus on cor
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Bergfeld, M. M. H. "Global innovation leadership of German technology corporations : towards a practical guide for the strategic development of worldwide innovation competence." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510136.

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This thesis is about the project-specific application of intra-company innovation networks to enable leadership of German technology corporations in the global race for innovation. It analyses the influence of market- and technology-related complexity on knowledge and technology transfers between German headquarters and foreign subsidiaries. So far, neither the public nor the academic domain have applied this perspective when discussing R&D internationalisation and the role of foreign subsidiaries for innovation competence. However, both complexity dimensions provide important insights regardi
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Marchenko, Andrey Alexandrovich, and Андрій Олександрович Марченко. "S.W.I..F.T. international banking system." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51707.

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1. SWIFT: как это работает [Електронний ресурс] – Режим доступу: https://money.inguru.ru/navigator/stat_chto_takoe_swift 2.Платежная система SWIFT - что это такое[Електронний ресурс] – Режим доступу: https://investim.guru/wiki/swift 3. Глобальная межбанковская система SWIFT[Електронний ресурс] – Режим доступу:https://journal.openbroker.ru/economy/globalnayamezhbankovskaya-sistema-swift/<br>This article discloses the role of the well-known providers of financial communications which is SWIFT international banking system. Indeed, the economies of a single country and the world ec
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"A worldwide analysis on capital structures." 2003. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891766.

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Ng Yin Hung.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 70-74).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>Abstract --- p.i<br>Acknowledgements --- p.iii<br>Table of contents --- p.iv<br>Chapter Chapter 1 . --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Purpose of Study --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Summary of Results --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.4 --- Organization --- p.5<br>Chapter Chapter 2. --- Literature Review --- p.6<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Tax --- p.6<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Agency Costs --- p.7<br>Ch
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Books on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Paul, Kenny. Worldwide guide to offshore companies. IBC Pub., 1993.

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Paul, George L. Worldwide merger notification requirements. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2008.

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1961-, Gidley J. Mark, and Paul George L, eds. Worldwide merger notification requirements. Aspen Publishers, 2009.

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Peter, Harris. A celebration of corporate art programmes worldwide. Wapping Arts Trust, 2014.

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Kim, Haksu. Fundamental analysis worldwide: Investing and managing money in international capital markets. Wiley, 1996.

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Corporation, Business International, ed. Organizing for international competitiveness: How successful corporations structure their worldwide operations. Business International Corporation, 1988.

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Dabbah, Maher M., and K. P. E. Lasok. Merger control worldwide: [second supplement to the first edition]. Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Geanuracos, John. The power of financial innovation: Successful corporate solutions to managing interest rate, foreign exchange rate, and commodity exposures on a worldwide basis. HarperBusiness, 1991.

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1956-, Gregoriou Greg N., and Renneboog Luc, eds. Corporate governance and regulatory impact on mergers and acquisitions: Research and analysis on activity worldwide since 1990. Academic Press, 2007.

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Minami, Kazushige. The issue of worldwide unitary taxation in quest of fair and equitable international taxing rules. International University of Japan, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Krallmann, Hermann. "“The Use of Worldwide Networking by Global Corporations”." In Wirtschaftsinformatik ’95. Physica-Verlag HD, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57873-1_33.

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Ortiz, Esteban, and José Ignacio Morejón. "Social Enterprises and B-Corps in Ecuador." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_26.

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AbstractEcuador is at the forefront when it comes to legal innovations. In 2008, it was the first country in the region to recognize rights to nature, and in 2020, it became the fourth country worldwide to incorporate a discussion on the benefit of a BIC corporation status into its legal system.BIC corporations enable Ecuadorian companies to prioritize stakeholder governance, transparency, and sustainability in management as well as corporate behavior, driving change in markets. Since their recognition, for-profit corporations in Ecuador have had the option to transform their governance and pr
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Jevnaker, Birgit Helene, and Johan Olaisen. "Travelling Leadership Ideas as a Business Virus." In Reimagining Sustainable Organization. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96210-4_2.

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AbstractVirtually identical management ideas seem to crop up simultaneously in similar organizations globally, in what ways can this phenomenon be understood? Leaders in organizations may play a more active role than those often depicted in the management fashion theory. The encounter between thought and practice may be lasting; beliefs may affect training and practice. The ideas may represent a trade-off between business strategy, leadership, and employees. We keep acceptable and adequate ideas while we drop unacceptable and inadequate plans. The ideas work like a sensitizing concept of direc
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Montiel Vargas, Ana. "B Lab and the Process of Certificating B Corps." In The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_13.

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AbstractThe objective of this study is to analyze certain aspects of certified B Corporations (known as B Corps), a type of company that orients its activity toward the achievement of objectives that transcend economic ones. These companies are part of the “B movement,” promoted by B Lab, which is a non-profit organization that certifies the social and environmental impact of these entities with its own measurement system. This study introduces this business phenomenon and explores the origin, evolution, and expansion of B Corps in different countries worldwide. Additionally, it examines the p
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Seaton, Jean. "The BBC: Guardian of Public Understanding." In Guardians of Public Value. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51701-4_4.

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AbstractThe British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a long-standing institution with a worldwide reputation as the maker and supplier of trustworthy news embedded in programmes aimed at serving the public not commoditising it. This chapter describes the BBC’s institutional DNA and explains how its birth characteristics informed its institutional trajectory over the decades. The chapter discusses the internal principles and the particular ‘craft’ that has made this a true British institution that has become equally revered outside Britain’s borders. It analyses how the BBC survived institutio
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Becerra, Manuel, and Juan Santaló. "An Empirical Analysis of the Corporate Effect: The Impact of the Multinational Corporation on the Performance of Its Units Worldwide." In Management and International Review. Gabler Verlag, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90995-4_2.

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Zebisch, Marc, Stefano Terzi, Massimiliano Pittore, Kathrin Renner, and Stefan Schneiderbauer. "Climate Impact Chains—A Conceptual Modelling Approach for Climate Risk Assessment in the Context of Adaptation Planning." In Springer Climate. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_25.

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AbstractIn this paper we present a conceptual framework for a climate risk assessment based on the so-called impact chains. The method follows a general assessment framework consistent with the IPCC AR5 concept on climate risk. This framework has been developed by Eurac Research within the context of various projects with the German Environment Agency and the German Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German Corporation for International Cooperation)—GIZ. It has been applied in almost twenty national climate risk assessments worldwide (e.g., Burundi, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam,
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Yang, Nan, and Xiaoling Dai. "Measurement and Visualization for Walkable Innovation District—Case Study Hangzhou, China." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-4749-1_48.

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Abstract The innovation economy is a crucial industry type currently valued highly by cities worldwide. In the suburb of Hangzhou in coastal area of China, driven by the leading enterprise Alibaba Corporation, a cluster of technology and innovation companies has gradually emerged. Since 2011, the local government has planned this area (covering an area of approximately 113 square kilometers) as an innovation district and provided tax and policy support. This article focuses on walkability, which refers to measuring how friendly an area is for walking. Although this concept is adopted by academ
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Ashraf, Gazala Yasmin. "A Study of Eco-Friendly Supply Chain Management at Cement Industries of Chhattisgarh." In Cases on Supply Chain and Distribution Management. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0065-2.ch007.

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India has experienced one of the fastest economic growth rates in the world which has been a dramatic driver in the nature and scale of impact on the country’s environment and natural resources. Environmental risks and problems are widening. The issues of managing environment impacts are capturing public attention. Modernization and technology up-gradation is a continuous process for any growing industry and is equally true for the cement industry. With increasing awareness of environmental protection worldwide, the green trend of conserving the Earth’s resources and protecting the environment
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Ekaterina, Aristova. "The Role of FDL Claims in Strengthening Corporate Accountability for Human Rights Violations." In Tort Litigation against Transnational Corporations. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192868138.003.0003.

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This chapter covers the phenomenon and regulatory aspects of foreign direct liability (FDL) claims. It discusses the role of FDL claims in strengthening corporate accountability for human rights violations. The vast majority of FDL claims worldwide have been brought under civil causes of action, with claims based on negligence being particularly prominent. The chapter then examines the landmark cases of transnational business and human rights litigated in the UK, the US, Canada, EU Member States, and Australia. It elaborates on the development of parent company liability principles and the opp
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Conference papers on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Smith, S. N., J. P. Duvivier, D. E. Lefevre, and G. A. Robb. "Field Experiences with Intelligent Pigs." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96037.

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Abstract Oil and gas production operations use intelligent pigs for corrosion inspection of gathering systems and pipelines worldwide. The authors have been involved with intelligent pig inspections which have been conducted on over 155 different pipelines owned by one international corporation. A variety of intelligent pig vendors have been used with tools ranging from standard first generation magnetic flux leakage (MFL) to high-resolution MFL to standard and custom made ultrasonic (UT) tools. Experiences encountered during these inspections are discussed and resolutions to many of the probl
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Takacs, Ildiko-Csilla. "THE BEST SCENARIOS FOR THE ECONOMY WORLDWIDE AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s13.114.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed CEOs two-speed model of decision-making and structural change about the operating implications supporting principal strategic factors, thus the importance of innovative strategies has central positions and are responsible for the corporations� successful advances. The top pioneering companies emphasise years of organizational performance and are uniquely qualified to inspire and enhance innovation, as they are central to core values and creative leadership. The objective of this paper is to present the prominence of the top Global 100 Companies and examine
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Anca, Varga ungureanu, Rascu pistol Silvia, and Ungureanu Adrian. "CORPORATIONS, SUPPORT COMPETITION AND INNOVATION IN E-LEARNING EDUCATION SYSTEM." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-071.

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Challenges of today business, cause corporations to create and develop new ways of learning. Due to globalization, corporations, universities and other organizations use e-learning system to adopt innovations and new technologies to generate economic benefits and gain added value in the international market.Corporations feel the need for innovation and knowledge transfer as major drivers in their development as a sustainable competitive advantage. Thus, development of knowledge through e-learning is an important strategy in implementing management policy and improve knowledge and skills.To the
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Tran Thi, Trang, and Kiet Luong Van. "HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATION BEHAVIOUR BY APPLYING THE MCKINSEY 7S FRAMEWORK: THE CASE STUDY OF GOOGLE LLC AND MICROSOFT CORPORATION." In International Conference on Political Theory: The International Conference on Human Resources for Sustainable Development. Bach Khoa Publishing House, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/icpt.hust.2023.51.

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The McKinsey 7S model proposes seven key points, including: Strategy, structure, systems, staff, skills, style, and shared values, the last of which is central to the rest. An analysis of case study how this model can be applied to assess a company’s competitive and strategic position. Briefly, Google and Microsoft are American worldwide technology corporations, doing almost the same business sectors that relate to the Internet and Technology. Based on the research results from Google LLC and Microsoft Corporation, all the seven factors in the McKinsey 7S model clearly are aligned and critical
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Alenezi, Marim, Department of Finance, Accounting Prince Mohammad Bin Fahad University, et al. "The Influence of Globalization on a Country’s Cultural Values: Has Globalization Influenced Power Distance among Countries?" In Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET-AI 2022) Artificial Intelligence and Future Applications. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100908.

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The scope of this research is to examine the impact of globalization on people socially and culturally in many countries regarding power distance. Hence, this research study empirically investigates the relationship between globalization and Hofstede’s cultural value of power distance in fifty countries and regions worldwide. The authors borrowed secondary data from two different sources, the Manikov and Hofstede’s Research in 2012 study and the KOF Globalization Index in 2019, to test the relationship between globalization and power distance using single regression analysis. The study results
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Andronic, Adrian. "An examination of financing strategies for the digital transformation of universities in developed countries." In The 8th International Conference "Management Strategies and Policies in the Contemporary Economy". Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/icspm2023.57.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the efficient financing strategies for digital transformation in universities in developed countries based on existing research. In recent years, digital transformation has been a significant trend in universities worldwide with the adoption of digital tools and resources to improve teaching, learning, research, and administrative processes. There are several strategies for financing digital transformation, including government funding, public-private partnerships (PPPs), philanthropic donations, user fees, crowdfunding, bond financing, and leveraging ex
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Jiang, Minhua. "Crystal growth in China." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.tum2.

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Crystal growth in China, with a history of about 1000 years, has been developing rapidly since the end of 1950. A powerful crystal growth community has been forming during the last three decades and many well-trained experts are now spread over the institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, and industrial departments, each with its own characteristic. The crystal growth techniques have now reached a higher level. Almost all the artificial crystals needed for high tech in China today (including the major nonlinear optical crystals BGO, BBO, KTP, LiNbO3, KNbO3, and the KDP fa
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Lagos, L., H. Upadhyay, and P. Shoffner. "D&D Knowledge Management Information Tool: A Web Based System Developed to Share D&D Knowledge Worldwide." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96075.

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Deactivation and decommissioning (D&amp;D) work is a high-risk and technically challenging enterprise within the U.S. Department of Energy complex. During the past three decades, the DOE’s Office of Environmental Management has been in charge of carrying out one of the largest environmental restoration efforts in the world: the cleanup of the Manhattan Project legacy. In today’s corporate world, worker experiences and knowledge that have developed over time represent a valuable corporate asset. The ever-dynamic workplace, coupled with an aging workforce, presents corporations with the ongoing
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Lupu, Aurel, and Raluca Ivan. "Non-Financial Reporting In Emerging Economies Central and South-East Europe." In 2nd International Conference Global Ethics - Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). LUMEN Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2021/8.

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The research currently presented is related to non-financial reporting and the prevailing reporting practices employed by enterprises posing risks to the environment. The worldwide economy is in a continuous change and the companies must face all the new challenges to assure a good development of their business. One of the most pressing challenge is related to the reporting of information in an integrate form. It is considered that the traditional model of financial reporting does not represent a comprehensive image to assess the previous and future performance of a company. According to the D
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Giubertoni, Matteo, Luca Affede, and Gabriele Carpineta. "Circular Economy Applied to Synthetic Oil-Based Drilling Fluids." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22064-ms.

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Abstract Circular economy has become in the last decades one of the major subjects of debate for corporations around the globe. The ever-growing attention towards the environment and a more sustainable exploitation of the resources of the planet have led the major Oil Companies worldwide to reconsider their internal processes and approaches to business. In this context, the efforts aimed at identifying and implementing initiatives and operative processes pertinent to the concept of circular economy triggered to reconsider Synthetic (low-toxic) Oil-Based drilling fluids (muds) as one of the mai
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Reports on the topic "Corporations worldwide"

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Garcia-Bernardo, Javier, and Petr Janský. Profit Shifting of Multinational Corporations Worldwide. Institute of Development Studies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.005.

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Multinational corporations (MNCs) avoid taxes by shifting their profits from countries where real activity takes place towards tax havens, depriving governments worldwide of billions of tax revenue. Earlier research investigating the scale and distribution of profit shifting has faced methodological and data challenges, both of which we address. First, we propose a logarithmic function to model the extremely non-linear relationship between the location of profits and tax rates faced by MNCs at those locations – that is, the extreme concentration of profits without corresponding economic activi
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Morales, Alejandro, Manuel Ortega, Joaquín Rivero, and Susana Sala. The challenge of identifying all companies worldwide. How the legal entity identifier (LEI) has fared. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36259.

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In response to the financial crisis that began in 2008, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) launched a global registration system for legal entities. The initiative aimed to create a unique identifier – the LEI (Legal Entity Identifier) – for each of the entities operating in the financial markets and to keep these codes updated. This document reviews the history of the process of establishing the system that manages this new code, as well as its governance and regulation. The benefits, limits and challenges of creating a global entity identification system that must be operational in markets
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Riddell, Rebecca, Nabil Ahmed, Alex Maitland, Max Lawson, and Anjela Taneja. Inequality Inc. How corporate power divides our world and the need for a new era of public action. Oxfam International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2024.000007.

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Since 2020, the richest five men in the world have doubled their fortunes. During the same period, almost five billion people globally have become poorer. Hardship and hunger are a daily reality for many people worldwide. At current rates, it will take 230 years to end poverty, but we could have our first trillionaire in 10 years. This report shows how a huge concentration of global corporate and monopoly power is exacerbating inequality economy-wide. Seven out of ten of the world’s biggest corporates have either a billionaire CEO or a billionaire as their principal shareholder. Through squeez
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Heston, Roxanne. Mapping U.S. Multinationals’ Global AI R&D Activity. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20190008.

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Many factors influence where U.S. tech multinational corporations decide to conduct their global artificial intelligence research and development (R&amp;D). Company AI labs are spread all over the world, especially in North America, Europe and Asia. But in contrast to AI labs, most company AI staff remain concentrated in the United States. Roxanne Heston and Remco Zwetsloot explain where these companies conduct AI R&amp;D, why they select particular locations, and how they establish their presence there. The report is accompanied by a new open-source dataset of more than 60 AI R&amp;D labs run
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Batliwala, Srilatha. Transformative Feminist Leadership: What It Is and Why It Matters. United Nations University International Institute of Global Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/rr/2022/2.

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The words of ancient Chinese philosopher Lao Tsu make the simplest, yet most profound, case for transformation – a change of direction, a fundamental shift in the nature or character of something, recasting the existing order and ways of doing things. This is what the world needs now, as institutions and systems of the past century prove unable to address the challenges of impending planetary disaster, persistent poverty, pandemics, rising fundamentalism and authoritarianism, wars, and everyday violence. Against a background of a worldwide backlash against women’s rights, gender parity in lead
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Cobham, Alex, Katja Hujo, Bernadette O’Hare, Liz Nelson, and David McCoy. Tax systems and policy: Crucial for good health and good governance. United Nations University - International Institute for Global Health, 2025. https://doi.org/10.37941/rr/2025/14.

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This briefing paper highlights the critical role of tax policies and systems in advancing equitable and improved health. It explains how tax policies and systems perform five important functions that act as the bedrock for any flourishing society. These five functions are described as the five Rs of tax: Revenue, Redistribution, Representation, Repricing and Regulation. However, current tax policies and systems, particularly in the global South, are failing. In many low-income countries, tax revenues make up a small percentage of GDP and are regressive. And across the world, tax avoidance and
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Walker, Jo, Matthew Martin, Emma Seery, Nabil Abdo, Anthony Kamande, and Max Lawson. The Commitment to Reducing Inequality Index 2022. Development Finance International, Oxfam, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9325.

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The 2022 Commitment to Reducing Inequality (CRI) Index is the first detailed analysis published looking at governments’ policies and actions to fight inequality during the first two years of the pandemic. This fourth edition of the CRI Index reviews the spending, tax and labour policies and actions of 161 governments during 2020–2022. COVID-19 has increased inequality worldwide, as the poorest people were hit hardest by both the disease and its profound economic impacts. Yet the CRI 2022 Index shows clearly that most of the world’s governments failed to mitigate this dangerous rise in inequali
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Ozturk, Ibrahim. Before the last exit: Chance for Lula to save democracy and market in Brazil. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0021.

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After the Cold War, not only the economic discontent created by capitalism and globalization went to the extreme, leaving the environment at the mercy of multinational corporations, but also the perception that the sovereignty, autonomy and independence of nations, and with them, the right to self-determination was increased to a limited extent. In particular, as the global crises of 2008-2009 hit people’s lives hard, the sense of "being left behind" prepared the ground for the demand and supply of populist politics. However, populist governments not only failed to achieve any progress on the
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Milsom, Penelope, Nathan Dumont-Leblond, and David McCoy. Corporate accountability in global health governance? A case study of the Access to Medicine Index. United Nations University - International Institute for Global Health, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/rr/2024/3.

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Across virtually all markets, a relatively small number of trans-national corporations (TNCs) now wield tremendous oligopolistic power. Using this power, these TNCs have also been able to accrue and deploy tremendous social and political influence, making them one of the most powerful groups of actors worldwide. Many voices are now calling for TNCs to be effectively regulated and held accountable. One approach to strengthening corporate accountability has been the use of corporate ‘league tables’ or ‘rankings’. This involves assessing the policies and practices of TNCs and producing a quantifi
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Abdul Manap, Turkhan. Unlocking the Access of SMEs to Capital Markets through Sukuk Enhancement Fund. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/re24034.

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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are vital in promoting economic growth, accounting for 90% of businesses, providing 60 to 70% of employment, and contributing 50% of the world’s GDP (World Bank). They are the backbone of societies worldwide, supporting livelihoods, especially among the working poor, women, youth, and vulnerable groups. With the proper support, SMEs have the potential to transform economies, promote job creation, and foster equitable economic growth. According to the International Finance Corporation (IFC), approximately 65 million businesses in developing countries, r
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