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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cost Measurements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Abdelkhalek, Kais [Verfasser]. "Fundamental energy cost of quantum measurements / Kais Abdelkhalek." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143734262/34.

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2

Hide, Christopher. "Integration of GPS and low cost INS measurements." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12037/.

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GPS and Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) are increasingly used for positioning and attitude determination in a wide range of applications. Until recently, the very high cost of the INS components limited their use to high accuracy navigation and geo-referencing applications. Over the last few years, a number of low cost inertial sensors have come on the market. Although they exhibit large errors, GPS measurements can be used to correct the INS and sensor errors to provide high accuracy real-time navigation. The integration of GPS and INS is usually achieved using a Kalman filter which is a so

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3

Siddique, Samuel. "Cost Performance Measurements : Evaluation of Recent Models and Methodologies Used In Logistics Activities." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-106576.

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Det är inte bara produkter och tjänster som konkurrerar med varandra, utan även försörjningskedjor i stor utsträckning. I ett företags omvärld sker det ständiga förändringar som sätter hög press på att kunna leverera produkter och tjänster i enlighet med evigt föränderliga marknader som företaget verkar inom. Nyttan av att se över sitt företag i termer av effektivitet kan i slutändan leda till att komperativa fördelar kan uppnås relativt konkurrenterna. Ett led i att uppnå effektivitet i marknaden och således skapa kundvärden är att se över sin försörjningskedja och utvärdera dess effektivitet

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4

Cost, Anna-Lena [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Fässler. "Molecular force measurements in desmosomes / Anna-Lena Cost ; Betreuer: Reinhard Fässler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185979247/34.

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5

Wiid, P. Gideon. "Investigating cost-effective EMC methods." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1520.

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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>Due to the expensive nature of high frequency measurements in the EMC (Electromagnetic Compatability) field, more affordable methods of measurement instrumentation and environments are investigated. Different calibration methods for an Automatic Network Analyser (ANA) are evaluated against each other to determine the most cost-effective method of calibration. The mathematics for all the calibration methods are used in MATLAB programs which perform the error-calculation and correction which is usu

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Akambi, Aboudou S. "Low cost test fixture for self-resonant frequency measurements of passive chip components." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3209953.

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7

Taylor, Paul. "Uncertainty of geochemical measurements of contaminated land : causes, estimation and cost-based optimisation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289224.

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8

Irshad, Mohsin. "Measuring Cost Avoidance Through Software Reuse." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5083.

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Context. Software Reuse is considered as silver-bullet for software development. However, measuring bene ts of software reuse is difficult and cumbersome task because of varying number of factors involved in it. Di erent reuse cost models already exist in literature which measure var- ious di erent attributes of software reuse. Mainly these models are used for calculating return over investment or cost-bene t analysis. Objectives.We have investigated that very few cost eco- nomic models have been proposed for measuring costs avoidance,degree of empirical validation, assumptions, types ofartifa

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9

McDonald, Craig. "Applications of optical manipulation for low cost implementation, beam shaping and biophysical force measurements." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2017. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/35080e80-77ec-4442-826c-cab158e524fd.

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There are a growing variety of research fields requiring non-contact micro- manipulation. An increasing number of these fields are turning to optical tweezers as a solution, owing to their high spatial and temporal resolution. Optical tweezers have the ability to quantitively exert and measure forces on the piconewton scale, a convenient force scale for soft biological materials, and are hugely versatile due to the wide assortment of beam shaping techniques that can be employed. The work in this thesis can be broadly divided into two main themes: that quantifying the optical trapping forces in

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10

Lundberg, Hannah, Helena Wennerström, and Adrienn Csiszer. "Prestationsmätning ur ett kostnadsledarstrategiskt perspektiv : En fallstudie på Gekås Ullared AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45109.

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Bachelor thesis, Business Administration and Economics Programme, School of Business and Economics at Linnaeus University in Växjö. Spring of 2015 Title: Performance measurement from a cost leadership perspective - A case study on Gekås. Authors: Adrienn Csiszer, Hannah Lundberg & Helena Wennerström Tutor: Eva Gustavsson Examiner: Karin Jonnergård Keywords: Performance measurement, Performance measurement systems, Generic strategy, Cost leadership strategy, Financial and non-financial measurements. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine how a company with a clear cost lea

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11

Yan, Bing. "A low cost planar near-field / far-field antenna measurement system /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ34242.pdf.

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12

Manekar, Vedang V. M. S. "Development of a Low-cost Data Acquisition System using a Sound Card." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1554121267971882.

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13

McCarthy, Ross James. "Reducing Highway Crashes with Network-Level Continuous Friction Measurements." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103702.

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When a vehicle changes speed or direction, the interaction between the contacting surfaces of the tire and the pavement form frictional forces. The pavement's contribution to tire-pavement friction is referred to as skid resistance and is provided by pavement microtexture and macrotexture. The amount of skid resistance depreciates over time due to the polishing action of traffic, and for this reason, the skid resistance should be monitored with friction testing equipment. The equipment use one of four test methods to measure network-level friction: ASTM E 274 locked-wheel, ASTM E 2340 fixed

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CHEN, YU. "ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR TRACKING AND DISTURBANCE ATTENUATION FOR SISO LINEAR SYSTEMS WITH REPEATED NOISY MEASUREMENTS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1070579983.

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15

Henziger, Eric. "The Cost of Confidentiality in Cloud Storage." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Databas och informationsteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148907.

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Cloud storage services allow users to store and access data in a secure and flexible manner. In recent years, cloud storage services have seen rapid growth in popularity as well as in technological progress and hundreds of millions of users use these services to store thousands of petabytes of data. Additionally, the synchronization of data that is essential for these types of services stands for a significant amount of the total internet traffic. In this thesis, seven cloud storage applications were tested under controlled experiments during the synchronization process to determine feature su

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16

Törnqvist, Joacim. "Non-contact High Voltage Measurements: Modeling and On-site Evaluation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-59934.

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In the high voltage grid, voltage measurements are made in dedicated voltage-transformers. These devices are expensive and insulation failures could impact directly on the system, and even cause a power outage. A non-contact measurement technique, on the other hand, does not require a connection to the conductors, and the sensors can therefore be much cheaper by avoiding the need for high voltage insulation. A capacitive coupling between three measurement electrodes, close to ground, and a high voltage three phase conductor system is used to model and measure the electric field and thereby det

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Zeng, Sheng. "Robust Adaptive Control Design for Classes of SISO and MIMO Linear Systems Under Noisy Output Measurements." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1172767648.

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18

Tamjis, Azrie. "The impact of financial liberalisation on the efficiency of Malaysian banks : an empirical analysis using frontier measurements." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/15938.

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The Asian financial crisis in 1997 98 left a severe impact on Malaysia s economy and banking system. This has forced the Malaysian government to undertake financial restructuring initiatives to restore market and public confidence, and to meet the ongoing challenges associated with market structure, financial innovation and globalisation. Therefore, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) introduced a ten-year Financial Sector Master Plan (FSMP) to strengthen domestic banks and the regulatory structure, and to promote the banks efficiency by stimulating a competitive banking industry through financial libe

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19

Zhao, Qingrong. "Reduced-Order Robust Adaptive Controller Design and Convergence Analysis for Uncertain SISO Linear Systems with Noisy Output Measurements." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1194564628.

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20

Wu, Hao. "Assessing urban air quality through measurements and modelling and its implications for human exposure assessment." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28755.

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Outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to adverse health effects of citizens, in particular those living in urban environments. Air quality monitoring networks are set up to measure air quality in different environments in compliance with national and European legislation. Generally, only a few fixed monitoring sites are located within a city and thus cannot represent air pollutant concentrations in urban areas accurately enough to allow for a detailed human exposure assessment. Other approaches to derive detailed urban air pollutant concentration estimates exist, such as dispersion mode

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21

Seristö, Hannu. "Airline performance and costs : an analysis of performance measurement and cost reduction in major airlines /." Helsinki, 1995. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/257484760.pdf.

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Sommerville, F. K. "Low-cost dynamic axle load measurement." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373789.

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23

Jiang, Meng. "Evaluation of Low-Cost Water Quality Measurement System." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27179.

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Water is a very important element in our daily life, being able to check the water quality by ourselves would be a useful project to improve our life quality. My idea is to create something cheap and easy to examine the water quality and test it to see if it is capable for outdoor using as well. In this project I chose a DS18B20 as a temperature sensor. To get a system which can work as a water pump I chose an L298P as a motor driver board to support the electric motor, a Hall flow meter to get the flow and quantity, and a Water sensor to get the conductivity. With the Arduino and the Visual S

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24

Rivera, Leonardo. "Inter-Enterprise Cost-Time Profiling." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28769.

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Measuring the use of resources in a production process has been a subject under great scrutiny since more than a hundred years ago. Traditionally, costing systems and cost accounting systems have been in charge of such functions in manufacturing corporations. On the other hand, in recent years Lean Manufacturing has become a powerful and popular force for change. A premier tool for process visualization and understanding is Value Stream Mapping, and it focuses primarily in the time dimension of the processes. However, it is clear that the interaction of cost and time is very important. This i

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Liu, Haitao. "Design and measurement methodologies of low-cost smart antennas." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.576955.

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This thesis presents a number of design methodologies and a cost-effective measurement methodology of low-cost, low-power consumption smart antennas for applications in wireless and satellite communications. To reduce cost, the Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antennas, which are low-cost solutions compared with traditional smart antennas, are employed. To reduce the antenna size, the methods, in which both the driven element and the parasitic elements can be made small, are developed. Then these small components are used to construct different compact smart antennas f

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26

Nguyen, Erik M. Eng (Erik S. )Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Designing a low-cost measurement system for volume estimation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121636.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-53).<br>In this thesis, I designed and implemented large parts of a low-cost 3D reconstruction system targeted at volumetric reconstruction for lymphedema diagnosis purposes. The goal is to construct a system capable of det

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Pettersson, Annelie. "Measurement of excellence and cost in a supply chain." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriell Ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26444.

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This Doctoral Thesis addresses the topic of measurement of excellence and cost in a supply chain. In this thesis, a framework for monitoring and analysis of cost in the supply chain is developed. A model for analyzing excellence in a supply chain is also developed. The work aims to facilitate improvements and to improve decisionmaking regarding Supply Chain Management (SCM) and excellence and cost improvements in supply chains. The thesis contains an introduction, a literature review and five papers. The first paper considers performance measurements in supply chains within companies having bu

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Chu, Xiaoyuan. "Improving Estimation Accuracy using Better Similarity Distance in Analogy-based Software Cost Estimation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-246116.

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Software cost estimation nowadays plays a more and more important role in practical projects since modern software projects become more and more complex as well as diverse. To help estimate software development cost accurately, this research does a systematic analysis of the similarity distances in analogy-based software cost estimation and based on this, a new non-orthogonal space distance (NoSD) is proposed as a measure of the similarities between real software projects. Different from currently adopted measures like the Euclidean distance and so on, this non-orthogonal space distance not on

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Lin, Shouee B. "A Low-Cost Loop Measurement Tool For DC-DC Converters." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1481.

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Loop measurements are very important in evaluating dynamic performance of DC-DC converters. In this thesis, a small loop measurement tool as a low-cost alternative to a network analyzer is proposed. The tool is particularly useful when a network analyzer is not always available for use, for example when engineers are working on-site with customers or when a network analyzer is not affordable due to their relatively high cost. The design, simulation, and hardware implementation of the inexpensive loop measurement tool will be presented in this thesis. Results from computer simulation and hardwa

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Simms, D. A., and K. L. Cousineau. "A Rugged, Low-Cost, Advanced Data-Acquisition System for Field Test Projects." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611883.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1993 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has teamed up with Zond Systems, Inc., to provide a rugged, low-cost, advanced data-acquisition system (ADAS) for use in field test projects. The ADAS simplifies the process of making accurate measurements on mechanical equipment exposed to harsh environments. It provides synchronized, time-series measurement data from multiple, independent sources. The ADAS is currently being used to acquire data from large wind tur

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Maxwell, Andrew Douglas. "A CO2 measurement system for low-cost applications using chemical transduction." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2002. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001468/.

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It is demonstrated that by using a miniature chemical reaction vessel under adaptive mechatronic control, it is possible to design and construct a low-cost carbon dioxide measurement system. With further development such a system would be potentially suitable for low-cost commercial application, in particular as sacrificial, single-mission instrumentation packages in horticultural cargo monitoring. Current instrumentation systems for carbon dioxide (CO2) gas measurement are reviewed and their limitations with respect to low cost commercial applications determined. These utilise technology inte

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32

Toledo, Bittner Felipe Ignacio. "Development of Low-Cost instruments for the measurement of atmospheric parameters." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/150618.

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Magíster en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Mención Eléctrica. Ingeniero Civil Eléctrico<br>Las nubes y los aerosoles atmosféricos, tanto de origen natural como antropogénico, poseen una rol importante en el clima debido a su influencia sobre el forzamiento radiativo de la Tierra. Estos elementos poseen complejas interacciones entre sí, lo que ha llevado a paneles internacionales de ciencias atmosféricas a destacarlos como poseedores de incertidumbres clave para la comprensión de los cambios climáticos futuros. Una de los obstáculos que impide el tener mejor certeza en los datos es la baja disponi

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33

Qin, Wei Wei. "Quick and cost-efficient measurement techniques for high-performance AD converters." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691120.

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Tabikh, Mohamad. "Downtime cost and Reduction analysis: Survey results." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-26154.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a sample of how Swedish manufacturing companies deal with equipment downtime cost, and further how they analyze its reduction. The study was performed by conducting a web-based survey within Swedish firms that have at least 200 employees. The main results obtained from the investigation show that the estimated downtime cost constitute about 23.9 % from the total manufacturing cost ratio, and 13.3 % from planned production time. Additionally, the hourly cost of downtime, whether planned or unplanned, is relatively high. However, there is a shortage of sys

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Nebgen, Gilbert Bernard. "Automated Low-cost Instrument for Measuring Total Column Ozone." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5792/.

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Networks of ground-based and satellite borne instruments to measure ultraviolet (UV) sunlight and total column ozone have greatly contributed to an understanding of increased amounts of UV reaching the surface of the Earth caused by stratospheric ozone depletion. Increased UV radiation has important potential effects on human health, and agricultural and ecological systems. Observations from these networks make it possible to monitor total ozone decreases and to predict ozone recovery trends due to global efforts to curb the use of products releasing chemicals harmful to the ozone layer. Th

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Talhouni, Bassam T. K. "Measurement and analysis of construction labour productivity." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334262.

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An analytical approach for explaining the variability in labour intensive construction operations has been developed. A consistent method of collecting productivity developed jointly at the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Dundee has been refined and tested. Data has been collected daily from seven Scottish sites for continuous periods of up to 3 months. Not only productivity but many of the factors affecting it have been measured. A comprehensive, computerised database has been designed to facilitate data storage and manipulation. The quantification of the impact of each in

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Sippola, K. (Kari). "Two case studies on real time quality cost measurement in software business." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514289866.

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Abstract Malmi et al. (2004) argue that the cost of quality (COQ) literature typically deals with manufacturing or service organizations in continuous or repetitive business processes in which identical or similar activities and work phases are repeated in the same sequence or order, batch after batch or customer after customer. Many modern businesses, such as the software business, are outright project based, or operate like a string of semi-independent projects characterized by unique resources, customized activity or work sequence order, and a predefined start and finish. COQ measuring and

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Batistatou, Evridiki. "Optimal designs for cost-efficient assessment of exposure subject to measurement error." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:223498.

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In epidemiological studies of an exposure-response association, often only a mismeasured exposure is taken on each individual of the population under study. If ignored, exposure measurement error can bias the estimated exposure-response association in question. A reliability study may be carried out to estimate the relation between the mismeasured and true exposure, which could then be used to adjust for measurement error in the attenuated exposure-response relationship. However, taking repeated exposure measurements may be expensive. Given a fixed total study cost, a two-stage design may be a

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Shin, Jaemin. "Rapid, Predictive Modeling for High Frequency Interconnect on Low Cost Substrates." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7108.

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In this dissertation, a predictive (scalable) measurement-based PEEC modeling method for high-frequency interconnects on low-cost FR4 substrates is proposed and demonstrated. The interconnects are modeled with equivalent circuits of scalable building blocks using a rapid and accurate optimization method to fit parameter data up to 10 GHz. The predictive power of the developed scalable models is demonstrated in several extended interconnect structures and the ability to use interpolation to predict the high frequency performance of structures with differently sized building blocks is demonstrat

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Rooney, E. M. "The measurement and reduction of quality related costs in the process plant industry." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380671.

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Lee, Jongchun. "Measurement uncertainty in contaminated land investigations related to analyte concentration and cost." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8589.

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Fox-Rushby, Julia A. "The measurement and valuation of health related quality of life : the case of differing pacing modalities." Thesis, Brunel University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332832.

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Davies, Alan James. "Towards a method of measurement and cost control for civil engineering work in the petrochemical industry." Thesis, Northumbria University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245275.

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Moynihan, G. "Stock : The lower of cost or market value in the computation of trading profit for tax purposes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234303.

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Wei, Danming. "Low-Cost Quartz Crystal Microbalance System Platform Designed for Chemical Nanoparticle." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1635.

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QCM sensor is a response to a kind of broad spectrum, high sensitivity, and simple structure, low-cost detection device, and particularly its quality as a type of gas sensor is widely used. With the successful oscillation in liquid phase, QCM sensor has been involved in the application analytical chemistry, surface chemistry, biochemistry and environmental monitoring side and many other scientific fields. With sensitive surface film as the sensitive element, AT-cut quartz crystal as energy transducer components by changes of the relationship between mass of surface film and frequency of QCM se

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Tanaka, Tomohiko. "High resolution measurements of turbulence modification by particles /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Yu, Autumn Chau Sheung. "The construction of low cost budget standards and their use in assessing the living standards of families on low income." Thesis, University of York, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359307.

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48

Skog, Isaac. "Low-Cost Navigation Systems : A Study of Four Problems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Signalbehandling, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11736.

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Today the area of high-cost and high-performance navigation for vehicles is a well-developed field. The challenge now is to develop high-performance navigation systems using low-cost sensortechnology. This development involves problems spanning from signal processing of the dirty measurements produced by low-costsensors via fusion and synchronization of information produced by a large set of diverse sensors, to reducing the size and energyconsumption of the systems. This thesis examines and proposessolutions to four of these problems. The first problem examined is the time synchronizing of the

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Hussain, Jakir. "Three Essays on the Measurement of Productivity." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36194.

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This doctoral thesis consists of three essays. In the first essay I investigate the presence of productivity convergence in eight regional pulp and paper industries of U.S. and Canada over the period of 1971-2005. Expectation of productivity convergence in the pulp and paper industries of Canadian provinces and of the states of its southern neighbour is high since they are trading partners with fairly high level of exchanges in both pulp and paper products. Moreover, they share a common production technology that changed very little over the last century. I supplement the North-American region

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Junnola, J. (Jarno). "The suitability of low-cost measurement systems for rolling element bearing vibration monitoring." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201705041660.

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The aim of this thesis is to study if inexpensive vibration monitoring systems could be suitable for condition monitoring of rolling element bearings and if they could be able to detect bearing defects at an early stage. As a starting point the following set of requirements for the system have been defined: the system should be priced below 100 €, it should be able to measure the vibrations reaching up to 10 000 Hz frequencies and the amplitude resolution of the system should be at minimum 16-bits. The ability of the system to be part of internet of things (IoT) is also seen as a positive thin

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