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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Costly theory'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Quttineh, Nils-Hassan. "Algorithms for Costly Global Optimization." Licentiate thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Education, Culture and Communication, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-5970.

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<p>There exists many applications with so-called costly problems, which means that the objective function you want to maximize or minimize cannot be described using standard functions and expressions. Instead one considers these objective functions as ``black box'' where the parameter values are sent in and a function value is returned. This implies in particular that no derivative information is available.The reason for describing these problems as expensive is that it may take a long time to calculate a single function value. The black box could, for example, solve a large system of differen

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2

Munro, Jamie William. "Convertable debt : rationale and accounting classification." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337356.

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3

Nebl, Patrick J. "Do Female Thriftiness and Bragging about Thriftiness Peak Near Ovulation?" Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1479399769427968.

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4

Murray, Lynzee J. "Thrifty Spending as a (Paradoxically) Costly Signal: Perceptions of Others' Traits and Mating Patterns as a Function Of Their Spending Style." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1525457591695131.

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5

De, Silva Hannelore, Christoph Hauert, Arne Traulsen, and Karl Sigmund. "Freedom, enforcement, and the social dilemma of strong altruism." Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00191-009-0162-8.

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Cooperation in joint enterprises poses a social dilemma. How can altruistic behavior be sustained if selfish alternatives provide a higher payoff? This social dilemma can be overcome by the threat of sanctions. But a sanctioning system is itself a public good and poses a second-order social dilemma. In this paper, we show by means of deterministic and stochastic evolutionary game theory that imitation-driven evolution can lead to the emergence of cooperation based on punishment, provided the participation in the joint enterprise is not compulsory. This surprising result - cooperation can be en

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6

Szekely, Aron. "Do the middle shout loudest? : signs and (counter) signals of trustworthiness and toughness." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:781ca080-e07d-432c-9345-67c207483f2b.

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What do we do when we realise that others with whom we interact already know something about relevant qualities of ours? Do we relying on the information that we naturally emit to get our message across, or do we take actions to try to change the situation in our favour? And, does the information that we emit, generated intentionally or unintentionally, allow us to cooperate with others and conflict to be resolved peacefully? Drawing on signalling and 'countersignalling' theories, and a recent behavioural theory, I explore these questions using two experiments in which the relevant qualities a

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7

Опанасюк, Юлія Анатоліївна, Юлия Анатольевна Опанасюк, Yuliia Anatoliivna Opanasiuk та Н. Ю. Пустовар. "Раціональне та ефективне використання природно-ресурсного потенціалу регіону та України". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/38675.

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Природні ресурси – це природні компоненти та сили природи, що використовуються або можуть бути використані як засоби виробництва та предмети споживання для задоволення матеріальних і духовних потреб суспільства, підвищення якості життя людей.

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8

Cukrowski, Jacek, and Manfred M. Fischer. "Theory of Comparative Advantage: Do Transportation Costs Matter?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2000. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4244/1/WGI_DP_6900.pdf.

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The paper presents a formal analysis which incorporates returns to transportation into a Ricardian framework to predict trade patterns. The important point to be gained from this analysis is that increasing returns to transportation, coupled with appropriate distances between trading partners can be shown to reverse Ricardian predictions even when there are no international differences in tastes, technology, or factor endowments. Additional gains from trade may emerge from reductions in aggregate delivery costs owing to scale economies. (authors' abstract)<br>Series: Discussion Papers of the I

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9

Lee, Woonghee. "A theory of alliance governance : a strategic option alternative to transaction cost theory." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1263404762.

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10

Ahmad, Nazneen. "Two essays in business cycle theory." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,271.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New Orleans, 2005.<br>Title from electronic submission form. "A dissertation ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Financial Economics"--Dissertation t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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11

Junker, Lukas. "Equity carveouts, agency costs, and firm value /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/497325225.pdf.

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12

Hardt, Michael Hermann. "Behaviour and ownership in the theory of competition and regulation." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1447/.

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Ownership matters. It affects residual rights under incomplete contracts and, therefore, incentives. The first chapter of this thesis analyzes in how far ownership can be substituted by other economic factors. Contrary to an assumption found in the literature market foreclosure can be achieved without vertical integration in the following scenarios: repeated games, reputation games, and also in a finitely repeated game when there are switching costs. The main chapter is concerned with implications of ownership in regulated industries where a monopolistic supplier of an essential input is requi

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13

König, Franziska. "The uncertainty-governance choice puzzle revisited : predictions from transaction costs economics, resource-based theory, and real options theory /." Wiesbaden : Gabler, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017152953&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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14

König, Franziska. "The uncertainty-governance choice puzzle revisited predictions from transaction costs economics, resource-based theory and real options theory." Wiesbaden Gabler, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992162610/04.

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15

Winkelmann, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "Markov Decision Processes with Information Costs : Theory and Application / Stefanie Winkelmann." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1037343131/34.

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16

Espinoza, Raphael. "Essays on Money and Transaction Costs in the Theory of Finance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517116.

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17

Kurmann, André. "New Keynesian price and cost dynamics : theory and evidence /." Full text, Acrobat Reader required, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/557985994.pdf.

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18

Ruberry, Michael Edward. "Prediction Markets: Theory and Applications." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11174.

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In this thesis I offer new results on how we can acquire, reward, and use accurate predictions of future events. Some of these results are entirely theoretical, improving our understanding of strictly proper scoring rules (Chapter 3), and expanding strict properness to include cost functions (Chapter 4). Others are more practical, like developing a practical cost function for the [0, 1] interval (Chapter 5), exploring how to design simple and informative prediction markets (Chapter 6), and using predictions to make decisions (Chapter 7).<br>Engineering and Applied Sciences

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19

González, González Rodrigo Hernán. "Three essays on Business Groups discount in Chile. Theory and empirical study." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673284.

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La tesis es el resultado de tres ensayos sobre los grupos empresariales en Chile. A través los datos obtenidos sobre conglomerados empresariales chilenos se utilizan distintas metodologías que ayudan a la determinación del coste del capital en las empresas matrices y en el conjunto del Holding. Para ello se desarrolla un marco conceptual donde se delimita el sentido de los términos más usuales en las referencias y la bibliografía sobre el tema. Se analiza la visión de la estrategia empresarial en un conglomerado, la organización de este y finalmente se entra en la cuestión nuclear de las fina

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20

Castillo, Valencia María del Pilar. "Economics theory of political kidnapping : theory and evidency for the case of the FARC in Colombia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132922.

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O objetivo desta tese é explicar a redução nas taxas de sequestros políticos na Colômbia nos últimos anos a partir da análise do comportamento estratégico dos criminosos. Pontos de vista convencionais explicam a diminuição dos sequestros como o resultado exitoso da política de segurança democrática do presidente Álvaro Uribe Vélez. No entanto, até agora, tem sido desconsiderada a busca de explicações alternativas à já existente, que bem poderiam ser encontradas a partir da perspectiva de análise dos dilemas organizacionais produzidos pelos sequestros nas FARC – Forças Armadas Revolucionárias d

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21

Angelini, Stefano. "Transportation theory and planning." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2324/.

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The aim of this research is to analyze the transport system and its subcomponents in order to highlight which are the design tools for physical and/or organizational projects related to transport supply systems. A characteristic of the transport systems is that the change of their structures can recoil on several entities, groups of entities, which constitute the community. The construction of a new infrastructure can modify both the transport service characteristic for all the user of the entire network; for example, the construction of a transportation infrastructure can change not onl

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22

Dalcik, Aylin. "Multiple Frame Sampling Theory And Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611608/index.pdf.

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One of the most important practical problems in conducting sample surveys is the list that can be used for selecting the sample is generally incomplete or out of date. Therefore, sample surveys can produce seriously biased estimates of the population parameters. On the other hand updating a list is a difficult and very expensive operation. Multiple-frame sampling refers to surveys where two or more frames are used and independent samples are taken respectively from each of the frames. It is assumed that the union of the different frames covers the whole population. There are two major reasons

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23

Hennart, Jean-François. "Digitalized service multinationals and international business theory." Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41267-019-00256-2.

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Banalieva and Dhanaraj argue that digital service multinationals (DSMNCs) possess a new category of firm-specific advantage (FSA), the network advantage, and that, contrary to extant theory, they use networks as a mode of governance. I review the business models used by DSMNCs, compare them to non-digital ones, and explore what we can learn about them from extant IB theory. I conclude that network advantages are not a new category of FSAs, that networks are not a mode of governance, and that their use by DSMNCs is well explained by extant theory.

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24

Ingpochai, Pongsathorn. "Portfolio and option pricing theory with correlated multi-assets and transaction costs." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11774.

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25

Incorvia, Joseph H. "An evaluation of defense contracting based on transaction cost theory." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42008.

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This study investigates the use of the transaction cost paradigm, as a framework, for evaluating defense contracts and exploring problems related to defense contracting. The study shows that defense contracting is beleaguered with bounded rationality and uncertainty problems, and furthermore, that bounded rationality and uncertainty can lead to opportunistic behavior within defense contracting. The study shows, in particular that adverse selection, moral hazard, and hold-up problems exist within defense contracting. <p>Based on the results of this study the transaction cost paradigm can be use

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26

Padilla, Atilano Jorge. "Essays on the economics of consumer switching costs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332949.

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27

Fankhauser, Samuel. "Greenhouse economics and the costs of global warming." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302696.

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28

Choi, Horag. "Export penetration costs and international business cycles." Columbus, OH : Ohio State University, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/557797594.pdf.

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29

Athukorala, P. P. A. Wasantha. "Essays on irrigation development, farm production and unaccounted costs : theory and empirical evidence." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/40955/1/Wasantha_Athukorala_Thesis.pdf.

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A review of the literature related to issues involved in irrigation induced agricultural development (IIAD) reveals that: (1) the magnitude, sensitivity and distribution of social welfare of IIAD is not fully analysed; (2) the impacts of excessive pesticide use on farmers’ health are not adequately explained; (3) no analysis estimates the relationship between farm level efficiency and overuse of agro-chemical inputs under imperfect markets; and (4) the method of incorporating groundwater extraction costs is misleading. This PhD thesis investigates these issues by using primary data, along with

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30

Song, Shiyun. "Three essays in transaction cost analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2018. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/111211/.

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This thesis studies the impact of transaction costs on stocks prices and examine the impact of institutional investors and high frequency traders (HFTs) on market quality and transaction costs. It is comprised of three chapters. Chapter 2 uses a clean and novel field experiment to study how stock prices of publicly listed companies respond to changes in transaction costs. Using the SEC's pilot program that increased the tick size for approximately 1,200 randomly chosen stocks, we find a decrease in market capitalization of $7 billion for stocks affected by the larger tick size relative to a co

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31

Samouel, Phillip. "Power, relational norms and transaction cost analysis : theory and empirical investigation." Thesis, Henley Business School, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295194.

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32

Linnes, Cathrine. "Applying Decision Theory to Quantify the Cost of Network Security Risk." NSUWorks, 2006. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/673.

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This research quantifies the maximum potential loss due to a breach of security to help decision makers understand and justify the expenses necessary to properly protect information systems and identify the optimally priced security features that will provide the maximum cost benefit ratio. The purpose is to help assess and reduce the value of risk such that it is as close to zero as possible, where companies are not spending too little or too much on security prevention. The research uses decision analysis, specifically a "decision tree" and "influence diagram" to model the problem, quantify

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33

Gonzalez, Luis Daniel A. "Strategic producer services and development : the case of Costa Rica." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357276.

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34

Gray, Dina. "A multi method investigation into the costs and into the benefits of measuring intellectual capital assets." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3561.

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This study sets out to address the question of whether the costs and the benefits of measuring intellectual capital assets differ depending on the driver for that measure. Although pressure is growing on firms to measure and report on their intellectual capital assets no research has yet been published that questions the costs associated with such actions. And although academic research has purported to show links between the management of intellectual capital assets and real business benefits the research carried out thus far'has not focussed specifically on the benefits of measuring intellec

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35

Larsen, Jens Ditlev J. "Macroeconomic implications of labour market frictions and efficiency wages." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286998.

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36

Weiner, Scott M. "The effect of stochastic volatility on portfolio optimization with transaction costs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324762.

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37

Sheikh, Shaya. "Optimization and Risk Scenario Analysis of Procurements and Planning of Energy Systems Using Z- utility Theory." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1369301450.

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38

Gilain, Agathe. "Economic evaluation of designing in the unknown : Design theory-based models beyond decision theory under uncertainty." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM025.

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La théorie de la décision offre des techniques de calcul qui quantifient la valeur de l'information dans l’incertain et permettent de guider des décisions en conséquence. Ces techniques sont très pertinentes pour le calcul économique dans l'incertain. En revanche, elles négligent la valeur de l'inconnu. Et il est largement prouvé que de telles techniques sont inappropriées, voire induisent en erreur dans des situations qui contiennent de l'inconnu. Cela signifie-t-il que dans l'inconnu, les calculateurs économiques devraient renoncer à toute forme d'approche calculatoire, et guider leurs décis

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39

Boman, Anna, and Jonas Larsson. "Patent Valuation in Theory and Practice." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1578.

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<p>Background: Today, an increased need to value patents is expressed in several different situations. For example, banks more frequently accept patents as collateral for loans and patents are being exchanged more often between companies. It is argued that a hindrance for the recognition of the value of patents, and other assets lacking physical form, is that the current methods of valuation are not developed for this type of assets. </p><p>Purpose: Our objective is to investigate the practical relevance of four theoretical valuation approaches in the context of patent valuation and to point o

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40

Aguilar, C. F. "Codesa : Strategy formulation for the National Industrial Development Corporation in Costa Rica." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375408.

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41

Stefanescu, Carla. "Cost-benefit theory of leaf lifespan using seedlings of tropical tree species." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015764.

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42

Dunn, Malcolm. "Inside the capitalist firm : an evolutionary theory of the principal agent-relation." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6515/.

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This book deals with the inner life of the capitalist firm. There we find numerous conflicts, the most important of which concerns the individual employment relationship which is understood as a principal-agent problem between the manager, the principal, who issues orders that are to be followed by the employee, the agent. Whereas economic theory traditionally analyses this relationship from a (normative) perspective of the firm in order to support the manager in finding ways to influence the behavior of the employees, such that the latter – ideally – act on behalf of their superior, this book

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43

Zaharieva, Elissaveta. "Supply chain management and international marketing problems in transitional economies : evidence from the Bulgarian wine industry." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273515.

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44

Guerrier, Gerard Leopold. "Challenging the transaction costs theory in the distribution of complex industrial products : an exploratory analysis." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387490.

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45

Fuller, Beverly R. "Capital structure theory and flotation costs: an empirical analysis of utility debt and equity decisions." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74766.

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This research investigates which theory -- an optimal, irrelevance, or modified pecking order -- best explains a firm's capital structure. A sample of 457 debt and equity utility offerings made from 1973-1982 is used in logit regression analysis to test the predictions of the different theories and the relevance of flotation costs to the financing decision. Target leverage ratios are constructed as averages from industry and firm-specific data. These ratios change over time suggesting that leverage targets are moving in response to general economic conditions. Miller's irrelevance and the mo

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46

Carrera, C. "Taxation and the cost of capital under uncertainty." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303836.

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47

Ghadimi, Hodjatollah. "Economic development in economies with an exhaustible resource : a dynamic computable general equilibrium analysis for the case of Iran /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1389273708.

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48

Murtha, Justin Fortna. "An Evidence Theoretic Approach to Design of Reliable Low-Cost UAVs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33762.

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Small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) are plagued by alarmingly high failure rates. Because these systems are small and built at lower cost than full-scale aircraft, high quality components and redundant systems are often eschewed to keep production costs low. This thesis proposes a process to ``design in'' reliability in a cost-effective way. Fault Tree Analysis is used to evaluate a system's (un)reliability and Dempster-Shafer Theory (Evidence Theory) is used to deal with imprecise failure data. Three unique sensitivity analyses highlight the most cost-effective improvement for the syst

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49

Asseyer, Andreas. "Essays in contract theory and industrial organization." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17734.

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Diese Dissertation besteht aus drei unabhängigen Kapiteln in Vertragstheorie und Industrieökonomik. Die Kapitel 1 und 2 bearbeiten Fragestellungen der Vertragstheorie. In diesen Kapiteln studiere ich die Ausprägung der Informationsasymmetrien, die in vertraglichen Beziehungen entstehen, wenn die schlechter informierte Partei versucht ihren Informationsnachteil gegenüber dem Vertragspartner zu reduzieren. In Kapitel 1 analysiere ich die Möglichkeit, dass die schlechter informierte Vertragspartei eine dritte Partei – einen Berater oder Supervisor – konsultiert, der jedoch mit der besser inform

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50

Chang, Huei-Chun, and huei-chun chang@rmit edu au. "Environmental Management Accounting within Universities: Current State and Future Potential." RMIT University. Accounting and Law, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080424.122823.

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Environmental management accounting (EMA) is attracting increased recognition as a management tool that assists in improving financial and environmental performance through enhanced environmental accountability. Various industries have been included in EMA-related research and study, but universities have typically failed to be the focus of the attention. This research studied the experiences of key managers from five universities to explore potential factors influencing the decision to adopt, or not to adopt, EMA within the higher education sector. For the purpose of this study, EMA is define

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