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Journal articles on the topic 'Crystal membrane'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Mandel, N. "Crystal-membrane interaction in kidney stone disease." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 5, no. 5 (1994): S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v55s37.

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Urolithiasis is a multifaceted process that initiates with the formation of microcrystals in the urine and terminates with the formation of mature renal calculi. The attachment of crystals by the urothelium is a major event in the successful formation of the mature stone. The papillary tip is the primary site for crystal attachment and stone maturation, and the attachment process appears to be mediated by specific molecular interactions between molecular structures on the surfaces of stone crystals and molecular arrays on the surfaces of cell membranes. Animal models have demonstrated the inte

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2

Tsai, Jheng-Han, Maria Luisa Perrotta, Annarosa Gugliuzza, et al. "Membrane-Assisted Crystallization: A Molecular View of NaCl Nucleation and Growth." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (2018): 2145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112145.

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Membrane-assisted crystallization, aiming to induce supersaturation in a solution, has been successfully tested in the crystallization of ionic salts, low molecular organic acids, and proteins. Membrane crystallization is an emerging membrane process with the capability to simultaneously extract fresh water and valuable components from various streams. Successful application of crystallization for produced water treatment, seawater desalination, and salt recovery has been demonstrated. Recently, membrane crystallization has been developed to recover valuable minerals from highly concentrated s

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Kolodziej, Tomasz, Preeti Vodnala, Sergey Terentyev, Vladimir Blank, and Yuri Shvyd'ko. "Diamond drumhead crystals for X-ray optics applications." Journal of Applied Crystallography 49, no. 4 (2016): 1240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576716009171.

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Thin (<50 µm) and flawless diamond single crystals are essential for the realization of numerous advanced X-ray optical devices at synchrotron radiation and free-electron laser facilities. The fabrication and handling of such ultra-thin components without introducing crystal damage and strain is a challenge. Drumhead crystals, monolithic crystal structures composed of a thin membrane furnished with a surrounding solid collar, are a solution ensuring mechanically stable strain-free mounting of the membranes with efficient thermal transport. Diamond, being one of the hardest and most chemical

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Vaughn, K. L., R. L. Hackett, S. R. Kahn, and P. N. Shevock-Scott. "A TEM and SEM Study of the Effects of Exogenous Calcium Oxalate Crystals on Renal Epithelial Cells." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (1997): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600007194.

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When confluent monolayers of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) renal epithelial cells are exposed to calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals suspended in the nutrient media, crystals settle onto the cell surface. Here, they become entangled with the specialized membrane structures of cilia and microvilli (Figures 2). The cell membrane surface is structurally altered as patches of membrane devoid of microvilli are found adjacent to the crystal entrapped on the surface (Figure 4). Many COM crystals disappear from the cell surface and appear to be internalized. This phenomenon is seemingly comm

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5

Pervov, Alexei. "Investigation of Scaling and Inhibition Mechanisms in Reverse Osmosis Spiral Wound Elements." Membranes 12, no. 9 (2022): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12090852.

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Understanding of crystal formation and growth conditions in reverse osmosis membrane channels enables us to develop efficient tools to control scaling in membrane facilities and increase their recoveries. Crystals are formed in “dead areas” and subsequently get out of them and sediment on membrane surface. Adsorption of polymeric inhibitor molecules to crystal surface was investigated as well as antiscalant behaviour throughout nucleation in “dead areas” and growth of crystals sedimented on membrane surface. Experimental dependencies of antiscalant adsorption rates on the antiscalant dosage va

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6

Sørensen, Thomas Lykke-Møller, Samuel John Hjorth-Jensen, Esko Oksanen, et al. "Membrane-protein crystals for neutron diffraction." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 74, no. 12 (2018): 1208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798318012561.

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Neutron macromolecular crystallography (NMX) has the potential to provide the experimental input to address unresolved aspects of transport mechanisms and protonation in membrane proteins. However, despite this clear scientific motivation, the practical challenges of obtaining crystals that are large enough to make NMX feasible have so far been prohibitive. Here, the potential impact on feasibility of a more powerful neutron source is reviewed and a strategy for obtaining larger crystals is formulated, exemplified by the calcium-transporting ATPase SERCA1. The challenges encountered at the var

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7

Frenkel, Val S., Alexey G. Pervov, Alexey P. Andrianov, and Vladimir A. Golovesov. "Investigation of antiscalant dosing influence on scaling process in reverse osmosis facilities and membrane surface adsorption." Vestnik MGSU, no. 6 (June 2019): 722–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.6.722-733.

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Introduction. Understanding of crystal growth mechanism enables to develop efficient tools to control scaling and improve the process of treatment using membranes and increasing the amount of filtrate output. This investigation is aimed at studying an antiscalant behaviour in reverse osmosis (RO) process when treating ground water. Experimental dependences of calcium carbonate scaling efficiency on antiscalant dosage were found. Rates of adsorption on crystal surface of scaling deposit and on membrane surfaces were compared. Dependences of rates of inhibitor adsorption on crystal surface versu

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8

Ali, Aamer, Josephine Hvid Jacobsen, Henriette Casper Jensen, Morten Lykkegaard Christensen, and Cejna Quist-Jensen. "Treatment of Wastewater Solutions from Anodizing Industry by Membrane Distillation and Membrane Crystallization." Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9020287.

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The treatment of wastewater containing various metal ions is a challenging issue in the anodizing industry. The current study investigates the application of membrane distillation/crystallization (MD/MCr) for the simultaneous recovery of freshwater and sodium sulfate from wastewater originating from a Danish anodizing industry. MD/MCr experiments were performed on supernatant from wastewater obtained after centrifugation. The effect of various feed temperatures and cross-flow velocities on flux and crystal characteristics was investigated. The crystal growth in the feed tank was monitored thro

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9

Terkeltaub, R. A., L. A. Sklar, and H. Mueller. "Neutrophil activation by inflammatory microcrystals of monosodium urate monohydrate utilizes pertussis toxin-insensitive and -sensitive pathways." Journal of Immunology 144, no. 7 (1990): 2719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.144.7.2719.

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Abstract The activation of leukocytes by particulates is a critical event in certain inflammatory syndromes, including acute gout associated with microcrystals of monosodium urate monohydrate. In this study we have evaluated mechanisms of human neutrophil activation by urate crystals. Both N-formyl-nor-leu-leu-phe-nor-leu-tyr-lys and uncoated urate crystals (0.5 to 5 mg/ml) but not urate crystals coated with human low density lipoprotein (which suppresses crystal-induced neutrophil responsiveness), stimulated pertussis toxin (PT)-sensitive GTPase activity in purified preparations of human neut

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10

Chergaoui, Sara, Damien P. Debecker, Tom Leyssens, and Patricia Luis. "Key Parameters Impacting the Crystal Formation in Antisolvent Membrane-Assisted Crystallization." Membranes 13, no. 2 (2023): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020140.

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Antisolvent crystallization is commonly used in the formation of heat-sensitive compounds as it is the case for most active pharmaceutical ingredients. Membranes have the ability to control the antisolvent mass transfer to the reaction medium, providing excellent mixing that inhibits the formation of local supersaturations responsible for the undesired properties of the resulting crystals. Still, optimization of the operating conditions is required. This work investigates the impact of solution velocity, the effect of antisolvent composition, the temperature and gravity, using glycine-water-et

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Johnson, Matthew, Yusuf Uddin, Maureen Metcalfe, and Ingeborg Schmidt-Krey. "Preparation of single-layered enzyme 2D crystals for electron crystallography." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314089347.

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Electron crystallography allows for a wide range of membrane proteins to be studied once conditions for two-dimensional (2D) crystallization have been identified. Two-dimensional crystallization is most frequently achieved via the dialysis approach, where the detergent-solubilized membrane protein is reconstituted into a lipid bilayer [1]. Vesicles, planar-tubular crystals, and sheets are the three most common 2D crystal morphologies. Vesicle and planar-tubular morphologies are observed for the largest percentage of 2D crystals of membrane proteins. Upon negative stain as well as electron cryo

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Wang, XD, W. Shen, RW Cattrall, GL Nyberg, and J. Liesegang. "The Effects of Doping on the Selectivity and Response Time of Fluoride Ion-Selective Electrodes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 49, no. 8 (1996): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9960897.

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We report the effect of doping on the response time and hydroxide ion interference of fluoride ion-selective electrodes made by using membranes consisting of single crystals of CeF3, LaF3 and NdF3, both undoped and doped with divalent cations , and of mixed crystals of neodymium and samarium fluorides (Nd0.95Sm0.05F3 and Nd0.86Sm0.14F3). Doping not only increases the bulk conductivity of the membrane, but also reduces both the response time and the hydroxide ion interference of the electrode. This behaviour is due to an increase in the number of Frenkel defects in the crystal membrane, an effe

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13

Du, Chun Hui, Zhong Chen, Yan Feng Wu, Kun Wang, and Yong Gao. "Structure Design and Properties of Porous PVDF Membranes Based on Ionic Liquid." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1102.

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Ionic liquid was used as the pore-forming additive to design the structure and properties of PVDF membranes. The crystal structure, morphology and the wettability of the membranes was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle measurement. The results of FTIR and XRD suggested that ionic liquid could make α crystal phase in pure PVDF membrane totally transformed into β crystal phase via immersion precipitation process. SEM results also indicated that ionic liquid was a good pore-forming additive,

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14

Onello, E., A. Traynor-Kaplan, L. Sklar, and R. Terkeltaub. "Mechanism of neutrophil activation by an unopsonized inflammatory particulate. Monosodium urate crystals induce pertussis toxin-insensitive hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 12 (1991): 4289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.12.4289.

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Abstract Monosodium urate crystals are believed to trigger acute inflammation via the direct stimulation of leukocytes. Unopsonized urate crystals activate neutrophil (PMN) membrane G proteins in a pertussis toxin (PT)-sensitive manner, but induce PT-insensitive cytosolic [Ca2+]i elevation. Thus, we have further defined the mechanism of PMN responsiveness to urate crystals in this study. Though urate crystals can increase membrane permeability by lytic effects, we observed elevation of PMN cytosolic [Ca2+]i in the absence of extracellular [Ca2+]i. In addition, the early, crystal-induced cytoso

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15

Renaudin, Sarda, Campillo-Gimenez, et al. "Adsorption of Proteins on m-CPPD and Urate Crystals Inhibits Crystal-induced Cell Responses: Study on Albumin-crystal Interaction." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 10, no. 2 (2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb10020018.

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The biological effects and cellular activations triggered by monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (monoclinic: m-CPPD) crystals might be modulated by protein coating on the crystal surface. This study is aimed at: (i) Identifying proteins adsorbed on m-CPPD crystals, and the underlying mechanisms of protein adsorption, and (ii) to understand how protein coating did modulate the inflammatory properties of m-CPPD crystals. The effects of protein coating were assessed in vitro using primary macrophages and THP1 monocytes. Physico-chemical studies on the adsorption of bovine

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16

Glushko, E. Ya, O. E. Glushko, and L. A. Karachevtseva. "Photonic Eigenmodes in a Photonic Crystal Membrane." ISRN Optics 2012 (March 1, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/373968.

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Photonic membranes are the most widely used kind of 2D photonic crystals in signal processing. Nevertheless, some important aspects of electromagnetic field behavior in membrane like photonic crystals (MPCs) need detail investigation. We develop the approach close to resonant coupling modes method which unites both external and intrinsic problems, in-plane and out-of-plane geometries, and resonator properties of MPC. The resonator standing modes are excited by an external source through the special inputs and may be controlled due to the nonlinear coating. Typical photonic manifestations are s

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17

Polino, M., H. S. Rho, M. P. Pina, et al. "Protein Crystallization in a Microfluidic Contactor with Nafion®117 Membranes." Membranes 11, no. 8 (2021): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080549.

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Protein crystallization still remains mostly an empirical science, as the production of crystals with the required quality for X-ray analysis is dependent on the intensive screening of the best protein crystallization and crystal’s derivatization conditions. Herein, this demanding step was addressed by the development of a high-throughput and low-budget microfluidic platform consisting of an ion exchange membrane (117 Nafion® membrane) sandwiched between a channel layer (stripping phase compartment) and a wells layer (feed phase compartment) forming 75 independent micro-contactors. This microf

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18

Arnott, H. J., M. A. Webb, and L. E. Lopez. "An SEM study of raphide crystal initials in the leaves of vitis (grape)." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100141299.

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Many papers have been published on the structure of calcium oxalate crystals in plants, however, few deal with the early development of crystals. Large numbers of idioblastic calcium oxalate crystal cells are found in the leaves of Vitis mustangensis, V. labrusca and V. vulpina. A crystal idioblast, or raphide cell, will produce 150-300 needle-like calcium oxalate crystals within a central vacuole. Each raphide crystal is autonomous, having been produced in a separate membrane-defined crystal chamber; the idioblast''s crystal complement is collectively embedded in a water soluble glycoprotein

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19

Vu, Anh T., Xinying Wang, S. Ranil Wickramasinghe, et al. "Inverse colloidal crystal membranes for hydrophobic interaction membrane chromatography." Journal of Separation Science 38, no. 16 (2015): 2819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201500295.

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Vu, Anh T., Xinying Wang, S. Ranil Wickramasinghe, et al. "Inverse colloidal crystal membranes for hydrophobic interaction membrane chromatography." Journal of Separation Science 38, no. 16 (2015): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201570161.

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Vu, Anh T., Xinying Wang, S. Ranil Wickramasinghe, et al. "Inverse colloidal crystal membranes for hydrophobic interaction membrane chromatography." Journal of Separation Science 38, no. 17 (2015): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201570171.

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Wenz, Christian, Coral Barbas, Ángeles López-Gonzálvez, et al. "Inverse colloidal crystal membranes for hydrophobic interaction membrane chromatography." Journal of Separation Science 38, no. 18 (2015): NA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201570181.

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23

Unno, Hideaki, Keigo Hisamatsu, Tomonao Nagao, et al. "Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic study of oligomers of the haemolytic lectin CEL-III from the sea cucumberCucumaria echinata." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications 69, no. 4 (2013): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1744309113004065.

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CEL-III is a Ca2+-dependent haemolytic lectin isolated from the marine invertebrateCucumaria echinata. This lectin binds to Gal/GalNAc-containing carbohydrate chains on the cell surface and, after conformational changes, oligomerizes to form ion-permeable pores in cell membranes. CEL-III also forms soluble oligomers similar to those formed in cell membranes upon binding of specific carbohydrates in high-pH and high-salt solutions. These soluble and membrane CEL-III oligomers were crystallized and X-ray diffraction data were collected. Crystals of soluble oligomers and membrane oligomers diffra

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Vives-Adrián, Laia, Damià Garriga, Mònica Buxaderas, et al. "Structural Basis for Host Membrane Remodeling Induced by Protein 2B of Hepatitis A Virus." Journal of Virology 89, no. 7 (2015): 3648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02881-14.

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ABSTRACTThe complexity of viral RNA synthesis and the numerous participating factors require a mechanism to topologically coordinate and concentrate these multiple viral and cellular components, ensuring a concerted function. Similarly to all other positive-strand RNA viruses, picornaviruses induce rearrangements of host intracellular membranes to create structures that act as functional scaffolds for genome replication. The membrane-targeting proteins 2B and 2C, their precursor 2BC, and protein 3A appear to be primarily involved in membrane remodeling. Little is known about the structure of t

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Xuan, Hui Xia, and Chun Ju He. "Structure and Performance of PP Porous Membrane Prepared with Adipic Acid and NA-40 as Nucleating Agent via TIPS." Materials Science Forum 848 (March 2016): 733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.848.733.

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Polypropylene (PP) membranes were respectively prepared using adipic acid (APA) and Sorbitol (NA-40) as nucleating agent via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method. The effects of nucleating agent content and cooling temperature on the structure and performance of membrane were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). WAXD spectrogram indicates that three kinds of α, β and γ-form crystal were formed in this preparation process and the relative content of β-form crystal in membrane prepared

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Wöhlert, David, Werner Kühlbrandt, and Özkan Yildiz. "Structure and function of an Antiporter." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314089530.

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Membrane proteins are essential to transport molecules across biological membranes. This gateway task makes them important drug targets. About 60% of all approved drugs target membrane proteins. Transport of ions across membranes is essential for every cell to maintain physiological salt concentrations and to keep pH homeostasis. In the past years X-Ray structures of various secondary transporters have provided insight into the mechanisms of membrane transport. However, difficulties in expression, purification and crystallization of membrane proteins still restrict the number of available stru

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Pedersen, Bjørn P., J. Preben Morth, and Poul Nissen. "Structure determination using poorly diffracting membrane-protein crystals: the H+-ATPase and Na+,K+-ATPase case history." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 66, no. 3 (2010): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444909053244.

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An approach is presented for the structure determination of membrane proteins on the basis of poorly diffracting crystals which exploits molecular replacement for heavy-atom site identification at 6–9 Å maximum resolution and improvement of the heavy-atom-derived phases by multi-crystal averaging using quasi-isomorphous data sets. The multi-crystal averaging procedure allows real-space density averaging followed by phase combination between non-isomorphous native data sets to exploit crystal-to-crystal nonisomorphism despite the crystals belonging to the same space group. This approach has bee

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Cheng, Hongda. "Rare Earth Tungstate: One Competitive Proton Conducting Material Used for Hydrogen Separation: A Review." Separations 10, no. 5 (2023): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10050317.

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Membrane technology is an advanced hydrogen separation method that is of great significance in achieving hydrogen economy. Rare earth tungstate membranes have both high hydrogen permeability and remarkable mechanical/chemical stability, exhibiting good application prospects in hydrogen separation. This review provides the basic aspects and research progress on rare earth tungstate hydrogen separation membranes. The crystal structure, proton transport properties, and membrane stability under a chemical atmosphere are introduced. Different membrane construction designs, such as single-phase, dua

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Nollert, Peter. "Microscope detection options for colorless protein crystals grown in lipidic cubic phases." Journal of Applied Crystallography 36, no. 5 (2003): 1295–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889803013724.

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The use of lipidic cubic phases as crystal nucleation and growth matrices is becoming popular and has yielded crystals of soluble and membrane proteins. So far, all of the membrane proteins crystallized by this method have been colored. This feature has facilitated the detection of the often encountered microcrystals in initial screening rounds. Indeed, small colorless protein crystals have poor optical contrast as a result of the small differences in refractive index of the protein crystal and the surrounding lipidic cubic phase. While a perfect preparation of a lipidic cubic phase is transpa

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Dorset, Douglas L. "Electron crystallography of membrane phospholipids." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (1992): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100122551.

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Membrane phospholipids are notoriously difficult to crystallize to sample sizes suitable for collection of single crystal X-ray intensity data, accounting for the relatively few crystal structures which have been reported to date. At the 24th Annual EMSA meeting, Parsons and Nyburg suggested that the enhanced scattering of electrons by matter be exploited to obtain single crystal electron diffraction patterns from the more readily available microcrystalline preparations, an example of which was shown in a subsequent paper. For almost 20 years ve have investigated the utility of such intensity

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Lu, Connie, Young-un Park, Konstantin Korotkov, et al. "Multiple approaches towards understanding the type II secretion system." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314094224.

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Transport of folded proteins across membranes is a feat accomplished by few biomacromolecular machines. One of the machineries able to do so is the sophisticated type II secretion system (T2SS). It can translocate key virulence factors from the bacterial periplasm into the lumen of the gut of the human host. A prime example is the secretion of cholera toxin by Vibrio cholerae. The T2SS consists of ~12 different proteins, most of these present in multiple copies, organized into three subassemblies: (i) the Inner Membrane Platform; (ii) the Pseudopilus in the periplasm, which acts most likely as

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Luo, Zhipu, Weijie Gu, Yichao Wang, Yannan Tang, and Dianfan Li. "Selenourea for Experimental Phasing of Membrane Protein Crystals Grown in Lipid Cubic Phase." Crystals 12, no. 7 (2022): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12070976.

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Heavy-atom soaking has been a major method for experimental phasing, but it has been difficult for membrane proteins, partly owing to the lack of available sites in the scarce soluble domain for non-invasive heavy-metal binding. The lipid cubic phase (LCP) has proven to be a successful method for membrane protein crystallization, but experimental phasing with LCP-grown crystals remains difficult, and so far, only 68 such structures were phased experimentally. Here, the selenourea was tested as a soaking reagent for the single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) phasing of crystals grown in L

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Bigelow, M. W., J. H. Wiessner, J. G. Kleinman, and N. S. Mandel. "Surface exposure of phosphatidylserine increases calcium oxalate crystal attachment to IMCD cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 272, no. 1 (1997): F55—F62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1997.272.1.f55.

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The development of urolithiasis is a multifaceted process, starting at urine supersaturation and ending with the formation of mature renal calculi. The retention of microcrystals by the urothelial cell membrane is a critical event in the process. The current study examines calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystal attachment to inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells following selective changes in cell membrane phospholipid composition. Both primary culture of IMCD cells and a continuous IMCD cell line were used for these studies. Cell membrane composition was selectively altered by eithe

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Pascher, Irmin, Max Lundmark, Per-Georg Nyholm, and Staffen Sundell. "Crystal structures of membrane lipids." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes 1113, no. 3-4 (1992): 339–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4157(92)90006-v.

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MARCIL, Josée, Danielle HARBOUR, Martin G. HOULE, Paul H. NACCACHE, and Sylvain BOURGOIN. "Monosodium urate-crystal-stimulated phospholipase D in human neutrophils." Biochemical Journal 337, no. 2 (1999): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3370185.

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Protein kinase Cα (PKCα) and small GTPases of the Rho and ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) family are implicated in the regulation of phospholipase D1 (PLD1) activity. Although they are involved in fMet-Leu-Phe (fMLP)-mediated PLD activation, their role in monosodium urate (MSU)-stimulated PLD1 activity in human neutrophils is not clear. The translocation of PKCα, RhoA and Arf from the cytosol to the membranes was monitored. fMLP induced a cytochalasin B (CB)-dependent recruitment of Arf, RhoA and PKCα to neutrophil membranes. CB also increased the activation of PLD 10-fold. In contrast with fMLP

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Lu, Yang, Ruoyu Wang, Yuzhang Zhu, et al. "Two-dimensional fractal nanocrystals templating for substantial performance enhancement of polyamide nanofiltration membrane." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 37 (2021): e2019891118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019891118.

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In this study, we report the emergence of two-dimensional (2D) branching fractal structures (BFS) in the nanoconfinement between the active and the support layer of a thin-film-composite polyamide (TFC-PA) nanofiltration membrane. These BFS are crystal dendrites of NaCl formed when salts are either added to the piperazine solution during the interfacial polymerization process or introduced to the nascently formed TFC-PA membrane before drying. The NaCl dosing concentration and the curing temperature have an impact on the size of the BFS but not on the fractal dimension (∼1.76). The BFS can be

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Gil, Violetta, Maxim Oshchepkov, Anastasia Ryabova, et al. "Application and Visualization of Fluorescent-Tagged Antiscalants in Electrodialysis Processing of Aqueous Solutions Prone to Gypsum Scale Deposition." Membranes 12, no. 10 (2022): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12101002.

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Membrane scaling is a serious problem in electrodialysis. A widely used technique for controlling scale deposition in water treatment technologies is the application of antiscalants (AS). The present study reports on gypsum scale inhibition in electrodialysis cell by the two novel ASs: fluorescent-tagged bisphosphonate 1-hydroxy-7-(6-methoxy-1,3-dioxo-1Hbenzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)heptane-1,1-diyl-bis(phosphonic acid), HEDP-F and fluorescein-tagged polyacrylate, PAA-F2 (molecular mass 4000 Da) monitored by chronopotentiometry and fluorescent microscopy. It was found that cation-exchange memb

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Huang, Chia-Ying, Vincent Olieric, Pikyee Ma, et al. "In meso in situserial X-ray crystallography of soluble and membrane proteins at cryogenic temperatures." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 72, no. 1 (2016): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798315021683.

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Here, a method for presenting crystals of soluble and membrane proteins growing in the lipid cubic or sponge phase forin situdiffraction data collection at cryogenic temperatures is introduced. The method dispenses with the need for the technically demanding and inefficient crystal-harvesting step that is an integral part of the lipid cubic phase orin mesomethod of growing crystals. Crystals are dispersed in a bolus of mesophase sandwiched between thin plastic windows. The bolus contains tens to hundreds of crystals, visible with an in-line microscope at macromolecular crystallography synchrot

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Kusakizako, Tsukasa, Yoshiki Tanaka, Christopher J. Hipolito, et al. "LCP crystallization and X-ray diffraction analysis of VcmN, a MATE transporter fromVibrio cholerae." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 72, no. 7 (2016): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x16008931.

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Multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters, one of the multidrug exporter families, efflux xenobiotics towards the extracellular side of the membrane. Since MATE transporters expressed in bacterial pathogens contribute to multidrug resistance, they are important therapeutic targets. Here, a MATE-transporter homologue fromVibrio cholerae, VcmN, was overexpressed inEscherichia coli, purified and crystallized in lipidic cubic phase (LCP). X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.5 Å resolution from a single crystal obtained in a sandwich plate. The crystal belonged to space grou

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R. MENE, NIKHIL, SARITA KALLA, and Z. V. P. MURTHY. "Recovery of Pure Water, Salicylic Acid Crystals, and Paracetamol using PVDF-MWCNT Membranes by Membrane Distillation-crystallization." JOURNAL OF POLYMER MATERIALS 39, no. 3-4 (2023): 307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32381/jpm.2022.39.3-4.9.

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Membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) is presented as a novel technique in the treatment of waste concentrated water which produces valuable crystals along with pure water. In the present study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat sheet membranes were prepared via the wet phase inversion method and applied in MDC for the treatment of pharmaceutical waste. The pure and modified membrane surface properties are characterized with the help of SEM, FTIR, and contact angle measurement. The present work reported the effect of MWCNT content and feed temperat

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Conrad, Chelsie E., Shibom Basu, Daniel James, et al. "A novel inert crystal delivery medium for serial femtosecond crystallography." IUCrJ 2, no. 4 (2015): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252515009811.

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Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) has opened a new era in crystallography by permitting nearly damage-free, room-temperature structure determination of challenging proteins such as membrane proteins. In SFX, femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser pulses produce diffraction snapshots from nanocrystals and microcrystals delivered in a liquid jet, which leads to high protein consumption. A slow-moving stream of agarose has been developed as a new crystal delivery medium for SFX. It has low background scattering, is compatible with both soluble and membrane proteins, and can deliver the prot

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de Wijn, Raphaël, Oliver Hennig, Jennifer Roche, et al. "A simple and versatile microfluidic device for efficient biomacromolecule crystallization and structural analysis by serial crystallography." IUCrJ 6, no. 3 (2019): 454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252519003622.

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Determining optimal conditions for the production of well diffracting crystals is a key step in every biocrystallography project. Here, a microfluidic device is described that enables the production of crystals by counter-diffusion and their direct on-chip analysis by serial crystallography at room temperature. Nine `non-model' and diverse biomacromolecules, including seven soluble proteins, a membrane protein and an RNA duplex, were crystallized and treated on-chip with a variety of standard techniques including micro-seeding, crystal soaking with ligands and crystal detection by fluorescence

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Packard, Mary J., Karl F. Hirsch, Gary C. Packard, Jeffrey D. Miller, and Menna E. Jones. "Structure of shells from eggs of the Australian lizard Amphibolurus barbatus." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 2 (1991): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-049.

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Eggshells of the Australian bearded dragon consist of a layer of calcite overlying a multilayered, fibrous shell membrane. Some layers of the shell membrane are comprised of tightly woven feltworks of fibers, whereas other layers consist of more open mats of fibers with numerous spaces among the fibers. The shell membrane is organized into a series of shallow crests and troughs with furrows delimiting the irregular plaques of crystal that cover the shell membrane. The morphology of the outer crystalline layer varies from compact calcareous rosettes to coarsely granular aggregations of crystals

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Almsherqi, Zakaria, Felix Margadant, and Yuru Deng. "A look through ‘lens’ cubic mitochondria." Interface Focus 2, no. 5 (2012): 539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0120.

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Cell membranes may fold up into three-dimensional nanoperiodic cubic structures in biological systems. Similar geometries are well studied in other disciplines such as mathematics, physics and polymer chemistry. The fundamental function of cubic membranes in biological systems has not been uncovered yet; however, their appearance in specialized cell types indicates a role as structural templates or perhaps direct physical entities with specialized biophysical properties. The mitochondria located at the inner segment of the retinal cones of tree shrew ( Tupaia glis and Tupaia belangeri ) contai

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Tanaka, Shunsuke. "Crystal Size Engineering and Membrane Formation of ZIF–8 MOF." membrane 41, no. 4 (2016): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.41.165.

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Castro-Muñoz, Roberto, Kumar Varoon Agrawal, and Joaquín Coronas. "Ultrathin permselective membranes: the latent way for efficient gas separation." RSC Advances 10, no. 21 (2020): 12653–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02254c.

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This review focuses on the application of ultrathin membranes for gas separation, describing the membrane preparation protocols applied. This includes atomic layer deposition, in situ crystal formation, interfacial polymerization and Langmuir–Blodgett technique.

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Anjum, Fatima, Maximilian Wessner, and Gabriele Sadowski. "Membrane-Based Solvent Exchange Process for Purification of API Crystal Suspensions." Membranes 13, no. 3 (2023): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030263.

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Bottom-up approaches to producing aqueous crystal suspensions of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), such as anti-solvent crystallisation, are gaining interest as they offer better control over surface properties compared to top-down approaches. However, one of the major challenges that needs to be addressed is the removal of organic solvents after the crystallisation step due to strict limitations regarding human exposure. Within this work, we investigated a process concept for the removal of solvent (i.e., ethanol) from the API crystal suspension using membrane-based diafiltration. A f

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Lou, Xiang-Yang, Zheng Xu, An-Ping Bai, Montserrat Resina-Gallego, and Zhong-Guang Ji. "Separation and Recycling of Concentrated Heavy Metal Wastewater by Tube Membrane Distillation Integrated with Crystallization." Membranes 10, no. 1 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10010019.

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Tube membrane distillation (MD) integrated with a crystallization method is used in this study for the concurrent productions of pure water and salt crystals from concentrated single and mixed system solutions. The effects of concentrated Zn2+ and Ni2+ on performance in terms of membrane flux, permeate conductivity, crystal recovery rates, and crystal grades are investigated. Preferred crystallization and co-crystallization determinations were performed for mixed solutions. The results revealed that membrane fluxes remained at 2.61 kg·m−2·h−1 and showed a sharp decline until the saturation inc

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Gawarzewski, Iris, Sander H. J. Smits, Lutz Schmitt, and Joachim Jose. "Structural comparison of the transport units of type V secretion systems." Biological Chemistry 394, no. 11 (2013): 1385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2013-0162.

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Abstract Pathogenic gram-negative bacteria have evolved several secretion mechanisms to translocate adhesins, enzymes, toxins, and other virulence factors across the inner and outer membranes. Currently, eight different secretion systems, type I–type VIII (T1SS–T8SS) plus the chaperone-usher (CU) pathway, have been identified, which act in one-step or two-step mechanisms to traverse both membrane barriers. The type V secretion system (T5SS) is dependent first on the Sec translocon within the inner membrane. The periplasmic intermediates are then secreted through aqueous pores formed by β-barre

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Swana, Kathleen W., Terri A. Camesano, and Ramanathan Nagarajan. "Formation of a Fully Anionic Supported Lipid Bilayer to Model Bacterial Inner Membrane for QCM-D Studies." Membranes 12, no. 6 (2022): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12060558.

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Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) on quartz crystals are employed as versatile model systems for studying cell membrane behavior with the use of the highly sensitive technique of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Since the lipids constituting cell membranes vary from predominantly zwitterionic lipids in mammalian cells to predominantly anionic lipids in the inner membrane of Gram-positive bacteria, the ability to create SLBs of different lipid compositions is essential for representing different cell membranes. While methods to generate stable zwitterionic SLBs and

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