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Journal articles on the topic 'Curve line'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kovacic, Ivana, and Richard Rand. "Straight-line backbone curve." Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 18, no. 9 (2013): 2281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2012.11.031.

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JURAK, MLADEN, and JOSIP TAMBAČA. "LINEAR CURVED ROD MODEL: GENERAL CURVE." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 11, no. 07 (2001): 1237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202501001318.

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A one-dimensional model of a curved rod is derived from the three-dimensional linearized elasticity. No positivity assumption on the curvature of the central line of the curved rod is made. The model is obtained by taking the limit in the equilibrium equation of the three-dimensional elastic rod when the thickness of the rod goes to zero. The appropriate convergence result is proved.

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XIAO, YIJUN, MINGYUE DING, and JIAXIONG PENG. "B-SPLINE BASED STEREO FOR 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF LINE-LIKE OBJECTS USING AFFINE CAMERA MODEL." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 15, no. 02 (2001): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001401000915.

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This paper presents a novel curve based algorithm of stereo vision to reconstruct 3D line-like objects. B-spline approximations of 2D edge curves are selected as primitives for the reconstruction of their corresponding space curves so that, under the assumption of affine camera model, a 3D curve can be derived from reconstructing its control points according to the affine invariant property of B-Spline curves. The superiority of B-spline model in representing free-form curves gives good geometric properties of reconstruction results. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstra

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4

Fang, Gui Hua, and Li Bo Zhang. "Improvement of Folded Line Assistance Characteristics Curve for EHPS System." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 1314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1314.

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Electro-hydraulic power steering system (EHPS) assistance characteristic curves are generally linear, folded line and curve type. The folded line type combines the advantages of linear and curve type assistance characteristic, but the slope of the characteristic curve changes suddenly, which have an impact on the driver, leading to potentially dangerous. In view of existing problem, the article studies deeply the characteristics of the power system to apply computer simulation technology, and improves the folded line characteristic curve. The simulation analytic results show clearly that the i

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Kagami, Yoshiyuki, Takashi Emura, and Masayuki Hiyama. "Vision-based playback method of wheeled mobile robots." Robotica 18, no. 3 (2000): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026357479900257x.

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This paper describes a new vision-based playback method of a wheeled mobile robot. The path of the robot is divided into straight line parts and curved line parts. The curved line parts were approximated by a Bézier curve to decrease the volume of data. In order to track the curved line parts with good accuracy, tracking errors were detected by referring to two pre-recorded images on one part of the curve. Then, the errors were corrected by adjusting the control points of the Bézier curve. Outdoor experiments demonstrated good repeatability by using the proposed method.

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6

Belay, Aschale Moges. "Line integral and its applications." Engineering and Applied Science Letters 5, no. 1 (2022): 47–63. https://doi.org/10.30538/psrp-easl2022.0084.

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This study focused on line integral and its applications. The study was designed to show the areas where line integral is applicable and point out the role of line integral in solving practical problems. The study found out that space curves, and the concepts of scalar and vector fields are basic concepts to deal line integral. Also, the study found out that line integral is used to calculate mass, center of mass and moments of inertia of a wire, work done by a force on an object moving in a vector field, magnetic field around a conduct, voltage generated in a loop, length of a curve, area of

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Xie, Aishu, Moung Ervin Gubin, Xu Zhou, and Zhibang Yang. "A fully automatic curve localization method for extracted spine." A fully automatic curve localization method for extracted spine 14, no. 4 (2024): 4018–33. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i4.pp4018-4033.

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The automation of scoliosis positioning presents a challenging and often understated task, yet it holds fundamental significance for the automated analysis of spinal morphological anomalies. This paper introduces a novel spinal curve localization model for precisely differentiating the spinal curves and identifying their concave centers. The proposed model contains three components: i) custom spine central line model, to define the spine central line as a combination of several secant line sequences with different polarities; ii) custom curve model, to classi

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Nunobiki, Masayuki, Koichi Okuda, Kousuke Hourai, and Hiroo Shizuka. "Bending of Pure Titanium Sheet to Curved Surface Shape by Laser Forming Technique." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.388.

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This paper deals with laser forming procedure to bend pure titanium sheets along arbitrary curved shape. In preliminary experiments, single straight-line bending was carried out and the relationship between bending angle and laser irradiation conditions was investigated. It was clarified that the bending angle was able to control with scanning velocity and the number of scanning passes. With use of obtained experimental formula for the bending angle, we tried to bend the Ti sheet along given parabola shape with a multi straight-line bending. The experimental result was corresponding to the tar

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Korotkiy, Viktor, and Igor' Vitovtov. "NATURE-LIKE CURVE MODELING." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2021, no. 6 (2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-6-11-22.

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A physical spline is called an elastic rod the cross- section dimensions of which are rather small as compared with the length and radius of its axis curvature. Such a rod when passing through specified points obtains in natural way a nature-like shape characterized with minimum energy of inner stresses and minimum mean curvature. A search for the equation of elastic line is a difficult mathematical problem having no elementary solution.  The work purpose: the development of the experimental-rated procedure for modeling a nature-like elastic curve passing through complanar points specifi

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10

Wang, Qi Kui, You Dong Chen, Wei Li, Tian Miao Wang, and Hong Xing Wei. "Loci Conversion and Corner Smoothing with PH Curves in CNC System." Key Engineering Materials 419-420 (October 2009): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.161.

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Free-form surface interpolation functions give more advantages in machining than the traditional line and circle functions. A method is developed to convert lines and circles into Pythagorean-hodograph (PH) curves. In order to get smooth machining process the PH curve is used to replace the joints of the circular/linear elements by the connection situation. The slope of line is used to get the tangent vector in the line conversion. When converting a circle to a PH curve, points of the divided circle are introduced to compute the vectors. The methods of computing tangent vectors are proposed ac

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Xie, Aishu, Ervin Gubin Moung, Xu Zhou, and Zhibang Yang. "A fully automatic curve localization method for extracted spine." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 4 (2024): 4018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i4.pp4018-4033.

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The automation of scoliosis positioning presents a challenging and often understated task, yet it holds fundamental significance for the automated analysis of spinal morphological anomalies. This paper introduces a novel spinal curve localization model for precisely differentiating the spinal curves and identifying their concave centers. The proposed model contains three components: i) custom spine central line model, to define the spine central line as a combination of several secant line sequences with different polarities; ii) custom curve model, to classify each spinal curve into one of 11

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12

Gaskell, C. Martin, Frances C. Anderson, Sufia Á. Birmingham, and Samhita Ghosh. "Estimating reddening of the continuum and broad-line region of active galactic nuclei: the mean reddening of NGC 5548 and the size of the accretion disc." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 519, no. 3 (2023): 4082–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3333.

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ABSTRACT We use seven different methods to estimate broad-line and continuum reddenings of NGC 5548. We investigate two possible reddening curves considered for active galactic nuclei (AGNs): the mean AGN reddening curve of Gaskell & Benker (2007) which is relatively flat in the ultraviolet, and a curve that rises strongly into the ultraviolet like a Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) reddening curve. We also consider a standard Milky Way curve. Regardless of the curve adopted, we find a total reddening ∼14 times greater than the small amount of reddening due to dust in the solar neighbourhood.

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Faraon, I. C., and D. J. Schipper. "Stribeck Curve for Starved Line Contacts." Journal of Tribology 129, no. 1 (2006): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2404964.

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This paper discusses a mixed lubrication model in order to predict the Stribeck curve for starved lubricated line contacts. This model is based on a combination of the contact model of Greenwood and Williamson and the elastohydrodynamic (EHL) film thickness for starved line contacts. The starved solution to be implemented in the EHL component is obtained by using numerical data of Wolveridge, who computed the starved film thickness for smooth line contacts. Calculations are presented for different oil supply layer thickness over roughness values (hoil∕σs). For values of the oil layer thickness

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14

Bailey, Donald, Yuan Chang, and Steven Le Moan. "Analysing Arbitrary Curves from the Line Hough Transform." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 4 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6040026.

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The Hough transform is commonly used for detecting linear features within an image. A line is mapped to a peak within parameter space corresponding to the parameters of the line. By analysing the shape of the peak, or peak locus, within parameter space, it is possible to also use the line Hough transform to detect or analyse arbitrary (non-parametric) curves. It is shown that there is a one-to-one relationship between the curve in image space, and the peak locus in parameter space, enabling the complete curve to be reconstructed from its peak locus. In this paper, we determine the patterns of

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15

Crăciun, Ioana, Dorian Popa, Florina Serdean, and Lucian Tudose. "On Approximate Aesthetic Curves." Symmetry 12, no. 9 (2020): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12091394.

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Symmetry plays an essential role for generating aesthetic forms. The curve is the basic element used by designers to obtain aesthetic forms. A curve with a linear logarithmic curvature graph gradient is called aesthetic curve. The aesthetic value of a curve increases when its gradient is close to a straight line. We introduce the notions of approximate aesthetic curves and approximate neutral curves and obtain estimations between the curvature of an approximate aesthetic/neutral curve and an aesthetic curve.

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16

López, Rafael, Željka Milin Šipuš, Ljiljana Primorac Gajčić, and Ivana Protrka. "Involutes of Pseudo-Null Curves in Lorentz–Minkowski 3-Space." Mathematics 9, no. 11 (2021): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9111256.

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In this paper, we analyze involutes of pseudo-null curves in Lorentz–Minkowski 3-space. Pseudo-null curves are spacelike curves with null principal normals, and their involutes can be defined analogously as for the Euclidean curves, but they exhibit properties that cannot occur in Euclidean space. The first result of the paper is that the involutes of pseudo-null curves are null curves, more precisely, null straight lines. Furthermore, a method of reconstruction of a pseudo-null curve from a given null straight line as its involute is provided. Such a reconstruction process in Euclidean plane

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17

Linus, Kiptanui, C. J. Prabhakar, and S. R. Shrinivasa. "Rectification of Curved Scene Text Based on B-Spline Curve Fitting." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 32 (2024): 3305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i32.2402.

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Objectives: In this study, we proposed suitable technique for rectification of curved scene text which is followed by recognition of rectified text in order to improve the accuracy of the existing techniques. Methods: In order to rectify curved text, initially, we perform curved text detection using Look More Than Twice (LOMT) model which detects and locates curved text. The detected text area is binarized through adaptive binarizaton technique. Then, we rectify the detected curved text through B-spline based curve fitting which align the curved text into straight line. The rectified text is f

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18

Ivaschenko, A., and D. Vavanov. "General Analysis of the Shape of Two Similar Second-Order Surfaces’ Intersection Line." Geometry & Graphics 8, no. 4 (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2021-8-4-24-34.

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The presented paper is devoted to classification questions of fourth-order spatial curves, obtained as a result of intersection of non-degenerate second-order surfaces (quadrics) from the point of view of the forms of the original quadrics generating this curve. At the beginning of the paper is performed a brief historical overview of appearance of well-known and widely used curves ranging from ancient times and ending with the current state in the theory of curves and surfaces. Then a general analysis of the influence of the shape parameters and the relative position of original surfaces on t

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Echabbi, Nidal, and Amina Ouazzani Chahdi. "Some Special Ruled Surfaces Generated by a Direction Curve according to the Darboux Frame and their Characterizations." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2021 (September 11, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8624794.

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In this work, we consider the Darboux frame T , V , U of a curve lying on an arbitrary regular surface and we construct ruled surfaces having a base curve which is a V -direction curve. Subsequently, a detailed study of these surfaces is made in the case where the directing vector of their generatrices is a vector of the Darboux frame, a Darboux vector field. Finally, we give some examples for special curves such as the asymptotic line, geodesic curve, and principal line, with illustrations of the different cases studied.

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20

Li, J.-G., M.-M. Qiu, T.-H. Zhang, and Z.-X. Li. "A practical real-time non-uniform rational B-spline curve interpolator for computer numerical control machining." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 4 (2011): 1068–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211418026.

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Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) interpolator, a key technique in computer numerical control (CNC) machining, has many advantages over linear and circular interpolator. A practical real-time NURBS interpolator based on an off-line algorithm, which is developed to handle the limitation of velocity and acceleration, is presented in this article. Two processing modules are employed to realize the real-time interpolator. In one module, a NURBS curve is split into shorter NURBS curves or approximated as continuous line segments according to the minimum splitting length first, and then the velo

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CHAN, W. S., and F. CHIN. "APPROXIMATION OF POLYGONAL CURVES WITH MINIMUM NUMBER OF LINE SEGMENTS OR MINIMUM ERROR." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 06, no. 01 (1996): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195996000058.

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We improve the time complexities for solving the polygonal curve approximation problems formulated by Imai and Iri. The time complexity for approximating any polygonal curve of n vertices with minimum number of line segments can be improved from O(n2 log n) to O(n2). The time complexity for approximating any polygonal curve with minimum error can also be improved from O(n2 log 2n) to O(n2 log n). We further show that if the curve to be approximated forms part of a convex polygon, the two problems can be solved in O(n) and O(n2) time respectively for both open and closed polygonal curves.

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Zhu, Xuyun, Wenjing Wen, Yun Luo, Yonglong Zhang, and Di Sun. "Potential application of the Hogarth curves in the modern garment." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (2020): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-06-2019-0089.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel method for establishing the mathematical link between the restored Hogarth curve and the golden ratio, and to advance the potential application of the Hogarth curves in standardization of the garment pattern design by using this method. Design/methodology/approach The Hogarth curve was fully restored by using the plant design system (PDS) software package and divided the restored curve into two fragments based on the intersection point between the curve and the straight line joining the curve endpoints. The ratios between two fragments of

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BURGUÉS, J. M., and J. CUFÍ. "REGULARITY OF CURVES WITH A CONTINUOUS TANGENT LINE." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 86, no. 1 (2009): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788708000402.

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AbstractThis note contains a proof of the fact that a Jordan curve in ℝ2 with a continuous tangent line at each point admits a regular reparameterization. We extend the result both to more general curves in ℝn and to higher orders of differentiability.

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Kurhan, M. B., D. M. Kurhan, S. Y. Baidak, N. P. Khmelevska, and R. B. Novik. "Reduction of Railway Disorders Intensity Due to Improvement of Line Plan Parameters During Pasportization of Curves." Science and Transport Progress, no. 6(96) (December 20, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/257933.

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Purpose. The work is aimed to reduce the intensity of the track disorder by improving the line plan parameters, ultimately ensuring the safety, smoothness and comfort of driving in the directions of high-speed train traffic. Methodology. To obtain initial data on the parameters of the plan of existing railways, the authors reviewed the world literature on the topic of the study, as well as monitored the railway track operation on the basis of technical passports of track distances. It is known that the accepted mathematical models of the existing plan use the assumption that three adjacent poi

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Wang, F. C., P. K. Wright, B. A. Barsky, and D. C. H. Yang. "Approximately Arc-Length Parametrized C3 Quintic Interpolatory Splines." Journal of Mechanical Design 121, no. 3 (1999): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829479.

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A quasi-global interpolation method that fits a quintic spline curve to a set of designated data points is described in this paper. The resultant curve has several important features. First, the curve is smooth with C3 continuity and has no unwanted oscillations. Second, the generated quintic spline is “optimally” parametrized; that is, the curve is parametrized very closely to its arc length. In addition, with the interpolation method, straight line segments can be preserved to generate a quintic spline of hybrid curve segments. The properties of C3 continuity and the “near arc length” parame

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BATRA, T. R. "COMPARISON OF TWO MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN FITTING LACTATION CURVES FOR PURELINE AND CROSSLINE DAIRY COWS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, no. 2 (1986): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas86-042.

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Weekly milk yield of 2066 first, 1407 second, and 755 third lactation pureline and crossline cows was used to study environmental and genetic effects on the coefficients of the lactation curves derived by modified gamma and inverse polynomial functions. The inverse polynomial function provided a better fit than the modified gamma function based on comparison of R2 values. Coefficients of the two models were analyzed to evaluate environmental and genetic effects on the shape of the lactation curve. The model included station, year of calving, month of calving, age at calving, days open, line of

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Kresan, Tetiana, Serhiy Pylypaka, Taras Pylypaka, Yaroslav Kremets, and Iryna Hryshchenko. "BENDING OF THE SURFACES OF THE BINORMALS OF THE SLOPE LINES." APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, no. 107 (March 1, 2025): 96–107. https://doi.org/10.32347/0131-579x.2024.107.96-107.

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The bending of the surfaces of the binormals by deformation of the directing curve, which is the slope line, is considered. Such deformation changes the curvature of the curve, but it remains a slope line. The rectilinear generators of the surfaces at deformation of the curve coincide with the unit binormal of the accompanying trihedral at all its points. Parametric equations of continuous bending of these surfaces have been made by changing the angle of inclination of the directional slope line. The initial slope curve is given by the angle of its rise and the conformity of change of curvatur

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Saad, M. Khalifa, Abu Zaid Ansari, M. Akram, and F. Alharbi. "Spacelike Surfaces with a Common Line of Curvature in Lorentz-Minkowski 3-Space." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS 20 (May 4, 2021): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23206.2021.20.22.

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This paper aims to study spacelike surfaces from a given spacelike curve in Minkowski 3–space. Also, we investigate the necessary and sufficient conditions for the given space-like curve to be the line of curvature on the space-like surface. Depending on the causal character of the curve, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the given space-like curve to satisfy the line of curvature and the geodesic (resp. asymptotic) requirements are also analyzed. Furthermore, we give with illustration some computational examples in support of our main results.

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Wang, Xu Guang, and Jie Su. "A Novel Descriptor for Line (Curve) Matching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 48-49 (February 2011): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.48-49.92.

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This paper defines a new image feature called Harris feature vector, which is able to describe the image gradient distribution in an effective way. By computing the mean and the standard deviation of the Harris feature vector in a local image region, novel descriptors are constructed for line (curve) matching which are invariable to image rigid transformation and linear intensity change. Experimental evidence suggests that the novel descriptor for line (curve) matching performs well.

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Lee, Suk-Hwan, and Ki-Ryong Kwon. "Vector Data Hashing Using Line Curve Curvature." Journal of Korea Information and Communications Society 36, no. 2C (2011): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2011.36c.2.65.

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Livingston, E. H., T. Reedy, F. W. Leung, and P. H. Guth. "Computerized curve fitting in the analysis of hydrogen gas clearance curves." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 257, no. 4 (1989): G668—G675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1989.257.4.g668.

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Hydrogen gas clearance curves obtained from the rat gastric corpus were digitized into a computer and then analyzed by three methods: 1) linear regression of log-transformed data, 2) direct curve fitting with a modified Gauss-Newton nonlinear regression algorithm, and 3) Zierler's height-over-area algorithm. For linear regression of log-transformed data, if the initial base-line estimate was inaccurate or normal amounts of experimental noise were present, the log-transformed data was skewed, leading to deviation of the regression line and incorrect estimation of blood flow. By utilization of t

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Korotkii, V. A. "COMPOSITE GEOMETRICALLY SMOOTH CUBIC HERMITE CURVES IN SPACE AND ON THE PLANE." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 214 (April 2022): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2022.04.pp.020-032.

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The article considers constructive algorithms for creating compound curves using parametric cubic equations. The possibilities of modern computer technology and systems of computer mathematics make it possible to implement algorithms of graph analytics using fractional rational parametric equations of the fifth, seventh and higher orders. The article considers a constructive algorithm for creating a compound cubic curve passing through given points with direction vectors specified in these points. Direction vectors can be used for monitoring the shape of a constructed curve. At the junction po

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Puhachov, Ivan, William Neveu, Edward Chien, and Mikhail Bessmeltsev. "Keypoint-driven line drawing vectorization via PolyVector flow." ACM Transactions on Graphics 40, no. 6 (2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478513.3480529.

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Line drawing vectorization is a daily task in graphic design, computer animation, and engineering, necessary to convert raster images to a set of curves for editing and geometry processing. Despite recent progress in the area, automatic vectorization tools often produce spurious branches or incorrect connectivity around curve junctions; or smooth out sharp corners. These issues detract from the use of such vectorization tools, both from an aesthetic viewpoint and for feasibility of downstream applications (e.g., automatic coloring or inbetweening). We address these problems by introducing a no

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Huang, Xianghe, Jinhai Wang, Jianwei Yang, Yue Zhao, and Yuzhu Wang. "Influence of Passenger Capacity on Fatigue Life of Gearbox Suspender of the Traction Transmission System in Urban Railway Vehicles." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (2023): 4338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054338.

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Fatigue damage is the most dangerous failure behavior for gearbox suspenders in urban railway vehicles, and passenger capacity is crucial to the dynamic load characteristics of the traction transmission system. Therefore, in this paper, a dynamic model of the motor car is established, and a numerical simulation is carried out under different speeds and curve radii to investigate the effect of passenger capacity on fatigue life. The research results show that passenger capacity is an essential factor affecting the fatigue life of suspenders. As the vehicle runs at an average speed, the fatigue

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Katalenić, Ana, Aleksandra Čižmešija, and Željka Milin Šipuš. "Asymptotes of Plane Curves - Revisited." KoG, no. 25 (2021): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31896/k.25.9.

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In this paper we present a review of the basic ideas and results concerning asymptotic lines of plane curves. We discuss their different definitions, namely that of a limiting position of tangent lines, of the tangent line at infinity, and finally the one that requires that the distance between points of a curve and asymptotic line tends to 0 as the point moves along an infinite branch of the curve. We also recall the method of determining asymptotes of algebraic curves from the leading coefficients in their equation and provide examples.

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Dr., C. Porkodi* Dr. R. Arumuganathan. "ELLIPTIC CURVE BASED UNTRACEABLE OFF-LINE ELECTRONIC CASH SYSTEM." Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management 6, no. 7 (2019): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3345117.

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Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is a promising and continuously changing field of business management and information technology. The digital cash transfer system is the modern technology used to carry out the financial transactions electronically in banking sectors in a successful way. In this paper an elliptic curve based untraceable off-line electronic cash system is proposed. The popular cryptographic algorithm ECC providing high level security with smaller key size is used in the system. The scheme satisfies the requirements of a digital cash scheme and in particular preserves dual custo

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Tang, Yue Hong, Yu Ping Gu, Hao Liu, and Pan Qian. "Construction of Curve Network on the Multi-Line Contour Based on Convex-Hull." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.1291.

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An algorithm is proposed to weave curve network on the multi-line contour, which refers to analysis and design of algorithms in computational geometry and uses convex hull to construct network on the surface of multi-line contour. First of all, with the incremental algorithm, a convex hull of point set, composed of the first and the last point of the feature line segment, is constructed. Then, by using the mapping from convex hull to fitting surface, an initial network is formed which meets the rules of the two-dimensional manifold. At last, a two-dimensional manifold network of feature curves

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Li, Chun Tao, Xiang Qi, Jian Shi, Zhong Kun Shi, and Huan Qi. "Ship Lines Modeling Theory of High-Speed Ship Based on the Partial Differential Equations." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 1827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.1827.

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Based on the analysis of molded line geometrical characteristic and boundary conditions of high-speed frigate’s hull by using differential geometry, we report a curve modeling principle to express the hull line geometry through differential geometry application. The starting point of this molded-line automatic generation method is using the planar curve to express 3D surface shape. The first problem to be solved is how to get shape functions which describe every design ship curves via the the hull type curves geometry. The second problem to be solved is how the two-dimensional function, which

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Yu, Z., C. S. Kochanek, B. M. Peterson, et al. "On reverberation mapping lag uncertainties." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 4 (2019): 6045–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3464.

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ABSTRACT We broadly explore the effects of systematic errors on reverberation mapping lag uncertainty estimates from javelin and the interpolated cross-correlation function (ICCF) method. We focus on simulated light curves from random realizations of the light curves of five intensively monitored AGNs. Both methods generally work well even in the presence of systematic errors, although javelin generally provides better error estimates. Poorly estimated light-curve uncertainties have less effect on the ICCF method because, unlike javelin , it does not explicitly assume Gaussian statistics. Neit

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Artykbaev, A., and M. M. Toshmatova. "Geometric approach to define a railway plan model." BULLETIN OF THE KARAGANDA UNIVERSITY-MATHEMATICS 115, no. 3 (2024): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2024m3/26-33.

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The construction of new railway lines is based on the railway plan. There are various ways to draw up a railway plan. The basis of all railway plans is a scheme of geometric point locations, the projection of the center of gravity of the carriage is on a horizontal plane and consists of a single flat line. The railway plan consists of linear and curved parts connecting straight sections. However, the curves determining the position of the rails of the railway track in the curved part will be spatial. To extinguish the centrifugal forcearising in the curved part of the road, an external rail ri

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Iioka, Daisuke, Kenichi Kusano, Takahiro Matsuura, Hiromu Hamada, and Teru Miyazaki. "Appropriate Volt–Var Curve Settings for PV Inverters Based on Distribution Network Characteristics Using Match Rate of Operating Point." Energies 15, no. 4 (2022): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041375.

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This paper describes the process of setting up an appropriate volt–var curve for the reactive power control of a photovoltaic (PV) inverter interconnected to a distribution line that is voltage controlled by a load ratio control transformer (LRT). Computer simulations with 360 patterns of volt–var curves applied to five actual distribution line models are presented. The number of patterns was narrowed down to 23 by using voltage, distribution-line loss, number of LRT tap operations, and a new evaluation index, the match ratio. When a power-factor constraint is imposed on the PV inverter, it ma

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Güler, Fatma, Ergin Bayram, and Emin Kasap. "Surface family interpolating a common spherical indicatrix curve." Filomat 38, no. 3 (2024): 821–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil2403821g.

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The trajectory of a moving particle in space forms a curve. By moving a line along a curve, a surface called ruled surface is obtained. The striction point on a ruled surface is the foot of the common normal between two consecutive generators or ruling. The set of striction points defines the striction curve. In the present paper, we obtain surfaces passing through the spherical indicatrix curves formed on the unit sphere by the end points of the geodesic Frenet frame formed on this curve. We present conditions for these curves to be asymptotic curves or geodesic on the surface. We illustrate

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Havrylenko, Yevhen, Yuliia Kholodniak, and Illia Tetervak. "METHOD OF INTERPOLATION OF POINT SET FOR THE FORMATION OF SMOOTH CONTOURS." APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, no. 107 (February 26, 2025): 54–73. https://doi.org/10.32347/0131-579x.2024.107.54-73.

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The formation of complex functional surfaces given by an array of points is an actual task of geometric modeling. The geometric model of such a surface is formed on the basis of a discrete linear frame, the elements of which are contours consisting of sections of analytically determined curves lines. The paper solves the problem of modeling a smooth contour that represents the original curve with a given accuracy, interpolates the original point series and belongs to the line curve that does not contain special points. The contour is formed inside the area of the possible location of the parts

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Liu, Wei, Jian Hong Wang, Yang Li, and Wei Li. "Existing Railway Horizontal Alignment Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Line Segments Identification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1772.

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A Line Segments Identification model is put forward to realize the existing railway horizontal alignment reconstruction. Firstly, Hough transform based on constraint adjustment quantity is introduced to reject the abnormal points that will affect the quality of the identification in latter steps. Then total least square method is used to get the linear segments, after which the circular curve segments and the transition curves segments will be got. At last, an evaluation function which has four arguments: circular curve radius , two transition curves length and length of straight line between

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ZHAO, YU, and YAN QIU CHEN. "CONNECTED EQUI-LENGTH LINE SEGMENTS FOR CURVE AND STRUCTURE MATCHING." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 18, no. 06 (2004): 1019–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001404003563.

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This paper deals with the problem of matching curves and structures extracted from 2D images that are subject to translation, rotation, scaling and other geometric transformations. We present in this paper a novel approach, Connected Equi-Length Line Segments (CELLS), for curve representation and matching. In our framework, a curve is represented by a number of connected equi-length line segments and a new matrix called Orientation Difference Matrix (ODM) is constructed for the curve, which reflects the distribution of the rest of the line segments with respect to the current one using orienta

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Yang, Wenjin, Jie He, and Qian Li. "ChartLine: Automatic Detection and Tracing of Curves in Scientific Line Charts Using Spatial-Sequence Feature Pyramid Network." Sensors 24, no. 21 (2024): 7015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24217015.

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Line charts are prevalent in scientific documents and commercial data visualization, serving as essential tools for conveying data trends. Automatic detection and tracing of line paths in these charts is crucial for downstream tasks such as data extraction, chart quality assessment, plagiarism detection, and visual question answering. However, line graphs present unique challenges due to their complex backgrounds and diverse curve styles, including solid, dashed, and dotted lines. Existing curve detection algorithms struggle to address these challenges effectively. In this paper, we propose Ch

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Liu, Jingjing. "Anatomy of Gaudi's Curve Architectural Language." Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 7 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i7.1204.

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<p>Gaudi was a unique architectural designer at the aspect of architectural design in Art Nouveau. His architectural design has a unique line design, including the external shape curve of Casa Mila being representative. The external shape design of Casa Mila had subverted the external design of traditional architectures. The wave shape of its vertical wall had broken the contemporary traditional aesthetic consciousness of architectures. Thus, the reasons and effects for the curved shape in the external shape design of Casa Mila showing incisively and vividly how subversive and disruptive

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King, R. P., A. O. Ekwu, and I. E. Ekpo. "Hydrographic Nodality as Index for Predicting Fish Species Richness in West African Riverine Ecosystems." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 28, no. 12 (2024): 3953–59. https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i12.2.

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The objective of this paper is to present the hydrographic nodality (N) and fish species richness (FSR) to evaluate the N-FSR relationships for West African riverine ecosystems using six Predictive Expressions (the Linear Line, Power Curve, Exponential Curve, Logarithmic Curve, Parabola and Cubic Curves). Of these models, the exponential curve, cubic curve, logarithmic curve and parabola curve were found to be adequate for FSR prediction in terms of their high degree of fitness to the data points and high forecasting efficiencies. These are given respectively as: FSR = 47.811e0.0102N, FSR = 0.

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Yamagishi, Takatoshi, and Takehiko Tomikawa. "A Study of Line-Fitting Method by Using Genetic Algorithm." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 7, no. 1 (1995): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1995.p0086.

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A straight line approximation method of either closed curve or open-ended curve is proposed. In this system, Genetic Algorithm is considered to meet robustness requirements in a multi-point searching procedure, since conventional line fitting methods have a tendency to take troublesome parameters while having less flexibility in system configurations. Whether or not the entire divided point, which is initially allocated at regular intervals along the curved line, is adequate for approximation according to the objective function. This function: (the total length of approximate lines) - ( the va

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Ahmadov, T. "FORM OF SEISMIC HORIZON ON TIME SECTION AND REFLECTED WAVE COMMON SHOT POINT TRAVEL TIME CURVE IN TRANSITION ZONE FOR THE CASE OF COMPLICATION OF TARGET HORIZON COVER BY FAULT." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 3 (90) (2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.90.06.

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The paper is devoted to study of reflection pattern (seismic horizon) and CSP travel time curve of reflected wave when the base of seismic oscillations receivers is within transition zone, i.e. the portion of base is in one flank while the other part is already in the next flank. The equation has been derived for travel time curve of zero-offset survey, i.e. reflection pattern) for the case when target horizon cover is complicated by fault. The other equation derived is the equation of traveltime curve of CSP of reflected wave, which upgoing rays are refracted on the fault line. For this, we h

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