Relevant bibliographies by topics / Degree of infection

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Degree of infection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Sasmita, Rochiman, Miarsono Sigit, Adhitya Yoppy Ro Candra, and Achmad Rachman Hidayat. "DERAJAT INFESTASI Trichodina sp. PADA LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) DI EMPAT KOLAM PEMBUDIDAYAAN DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP." VITEK : Bidang Kedokteran Hewan 9 (November 2, 2020): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jv.v9i0.61.

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 This research was aimed to find out the prevalence and degree of infection Trichodiniasis on the Dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in four ponds cultivation of Sumenep Regency, East Java. The total of 200 samples of Dumbo catfish were from four cultivation ponds to be examined in the Parasitology laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Univercity Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. The examination was carried out by means of scraping mucus as well as taking the gill Lamella and observed under the microscope with 100x and 400x magnification. The results showed that the highest lev
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Unglaub, Frank, Bernd Loos, Stephan Schwarz, Ulrich Kneser, Adrian Dragu, and Raymund E. Horch. "Phlegmonous-infection in first degree Dupuytren’s disease." Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery 129, no. 4 (2008): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-008-0589-7.

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Horodecka, Elżbieta. "Methods of evaluating tomato susceptibility to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) under field conditions." Acta Agrobotanica 42, no. 1-2 (2013): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.1989.008.

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The purpose of the investigations carried out in 1983-1985 was to assess the usefulness of natural and artificial infections under field conditions for evaluating tomato resistance to late blight in Poland. It was found, that the degree of natural infection by this fungus was a better indicator of tomato resistance than the degree of artificial infection obtained under field conditions.
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Ariandoko, Ariandoko, Kholik Kholik, Candra Dwi Atma, and Novarina Sulsia Ista'In Ningytas. "Prevalensi dan Derajat Infeksi Helminthiasis Gastrointestinal pada Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus) di Peternakan Rakyat Mutu Desa Sepayung Kecamatan Plampang Kabupaten Sumbawa Besar Nusa Tenggara Barat." Mandalika Veterinary Journal 1, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/mvj.v1i1.3605.

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Bali cattle is one of the cattle that are more in demand by the community, especially the people ofSumbawa Besar. Healthy cows that are in a state or physiological body functioning normally, which meansthat cattle avoid various diseases, especially Helminthiasis. The purpose of this study was to determine theprevalence and degree of gastrointestinal helminthiasis infection in Balinese cattle (Bos sondaicus) in MutuPeople's Farms in Sepayung village, Plampang sub-district, Sumbawa Besar district, NTB. This research is adescriptive study with Based on Rates or calculation of the prevalence rate
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Ageep, K. "Degree of liver injury in Dengue virus infection." Journal of General and Molecular Virology 4, no. 1 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jgmv11.023.

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Poulin, Yves, Richard Thomas, and Aditya K. Gupta. "Brief Treatment Guide for Onychomycosis." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 10, no. 6_suppl (2006): S39—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7750.2006.00055.

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Most onychomycosis infections result from dermatophyte organisms and present as distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO). Mild to moderate infections may be effectively treated with topical lacquer medications; however, there is no general consensus on what constitutes mild infection. In general, mild infections involve relatively small areas of the nail plate without infection of the nail matrix or lunula. Characteristics such as nail thickness, the number of nails affected, and the degree of onycholysis will also be taken into account in the categorization of nail severity and may incre
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Tešin, Nadežda, Ivan Stančić, Zdenko Kanački, et al. "Prevalence and infestation degree of yeast in canine otitis externa." Veterinarska stanica 54, no. 6 (2023): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.6.7.

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Otitis externa is a persistent and recurrent problem, and the resistance of the involved pathogens to conventional drugs has made this a serious issue in veterinary medicine. This is an inflammation of the external ear canal in dogs that can be caused by bacteria or yeast. Often, these two causative agents are isolated together in combination. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of yeast and the degree of infestation of the isolated pathogens in canine otitis externa at veterinary clinics for small pets at the Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia. Samples
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Fleming, David W., Stephen L. Cochi, Allen W. Hightower, and Claire V. Broome. "Childhood Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: To What Degree Is Incidence Affected by Day-Care Attendance?" Pediatrics 79, no. 1 (1987): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.79.1.55.

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Risk factors for acute upper respiratory tract disease in childhood were evaluated in a population-based sample of the Atlanta metropolitan area. Mothers from 449 households containing 575 children less than 5 years of age were selected by random-digit dialing and questioned about upper respiratory tract infection and ear infection occurring in their children during the preceding 2 weeks. Household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, maternal smoking history and child day-care attendance and breast-feeding information were also obtained. For children less than 5 years of age, the re
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Alifaga Muslimova, Sevda, Nushaba Fizuli Alishova, Ilhama Malik Karimova, and Raida Shamsaddin Vazirova. "PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION AND CERVICAL PATHOLOGY." SCIENTIFIC WORK 74, no. 1 (2022): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/74/63-67.

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Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. The aim of the study was to study the etiologic significance of the papillomavirus infection in the development of background diseases of the cervix and neoplasia. Under observation were 62 patients aged 18 to 55 years infected with human papillomavirus. All patients underwent complex clinical and anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental examination. Also, a review and advanced colposcopy was performed. As a result of the study, 53 (85.4%) women under observation were found to have various pathologies of the cer
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Khachaturyan, Armine Robertovna, Ekaterina Konstantinovna Orekhova, Gulrukhsor Khaybulloevna Tolibova та Tatyana Georgiyevna Tral. "Diagnostic value of p16inkα/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology in HPV-associated cervical diseases". Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 64, № 3 (2015): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd64347-51.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is currently considered the most common of sexually transmitted infections. However, only 8-20 % of cases of infection with human papillomavirus oncogenic risk has the potential to transform to a neoplastic process. Detection of productive forms of HPV infection is the basis of early diagnosis of precancerous lesions. In order to clarify the severity of neoplasia and choose a sufficient way of treatment we investigated the diagnostic value of p16inkα/Ki-67 Dual-stained cytology method for assessing the presence and degree of expression of p16inkα protein an
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Siddiqui, Sameeha Qaiser. "Backward bifurcation in SIR endemic models : this thesis is presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Information Science in Mathematics at Massey University, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/929.

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In the well known SIR endemic model, the infection-free steady state is globally stable for R0 < 1 and unstable for R0 > 1. Hence, we have a forward bifurcation when R0 = 1. When R0 > 1, an asymptotically stable endemic steady state exists. The basic reproduction number R0 is the main threshold bifurcation parameter used to determine the stability of steady states of SIR endemic models. In this thesis we study extensions of the SIR endemic model for which a backward bifurcation may occur at R0 = 1. We investigate the biologically reasonable conditions for the change of stability. We also analy
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Benschop, Jacqueline. "Epidemiological investigations of surveillance strategies of zoonotic Salmonella : a dissertation presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1025.

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This thesis is concerned with the application of recently developed epidemiological and statistical tools to inform the optimisation of a national surveillance strategy of considerable importance to human health. The results of a series of epidemiological investigations of surveillance strategies for zoonotic Salmonella are presented. Salmonella are one of the most common and serious zoonotic foodborne pathogenic bacteria globally. These studies were motivated by the increasing focus on the cost-effectiveness of surveillance while maintaining consumer confidence in food supply. Although data f
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Hill, Andrew Gordon. "An investigation of Leucocytozoon in the endangered yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science at Massey University, Turitea, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1063.

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Yellow-eyed penguins have suffered major population declines and periodic mass mortality without an established cause. On Stewart Island a high incidence of regional chick mortality was associated with infection by a novel Leucocytozoon sp. The prevalence, structure and molecular characteristics of this leucocytozoon sp. were examined in the 2006-07 breeding season. In 2006-07, 100% of chicks (n=32) on the Anglem coast of Stewart Island died prior to fledging. Neonates showed poor growth and died acutely at approximately 10 days old. Clinical signs in older chicks up to 108 days included anaem
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Jowitt, Deborah Mary. "The H-bug epidemic the impact of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcal infection on New Zealand society and health 1955-1963 : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Health Science (Midwifery), Auckland University of Technology, 2004." Full thesis. Abstract, 2004.

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Lukong, Paul Foka. "The integration of geospatial data into the surveillance and management of HIV/AIDS in Cameroon : thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl9549.pdf.

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Chia, Brian Cheng San. "Amphibian antimicrobial peptides : their structures and mechanisms of action : a thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc532.pdf.

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Copy of author's previously published works inserted. Bibliography: leaves 183-220. Three antimicrobial peptides, maculatin 1.1, uperin 3.6 and caerin 4.1 have been isolated from the respective skin glands of the Australian amphibians Litoria genimaculata, Uperoleia mjobergii and Litoria caerulea. To gain a deeper insight into their mechanisms of action, three dimensional structural studies have been conducted using circular dichroism, two-dimensional nuclear resonance and computer modelling techniques. The role of central flexibility within antibiotic peptides in their interaction with bacter
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Wabnitz, Paul Andrew. "Chemistry and medical implications of novel amphibian peptides : a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw112.pdf.

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Díaz, Patricia I. "Studies on the oxidative stress response of porphyromonas gingivalis : a thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for admission to the degree of Doctor of Philosophy /." Title page, summary and table of contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd5426.pdf.

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Waetford, Cathrine Huhana. "The knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of young Māori women in relation to sexual health a descriptive qualitative study : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science, 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/412.

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Ete-Rasch, Elaine. "'I thought it was just a pimple' : a study examining the parents of Pacific children's understanding and management of skin infections in the home ; a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Applied) in Nursing /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1237.

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Books on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Debbie, Indyk, ed. The geometry of care: Linking resources, research, and community to reduce degrees of separation between HIV treatment and prevention. Haworth Social Work Practice Press, 2005.

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Vasquez, Vanessa. Infection in the Pregnant Patient. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0059.

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Infections in pregnancy can result in significant complications for both the mother and fetus and can increase the risk of preterm labor. Fever in a pregnant woman also raises concern for its associated risk of preterm birth due to the release of prostaglandins and cytokines that stimulate uterine contractility. Infection can be passed to the neonate hematogenously or ascend from the genital tract. Treatment during pregnancy creates problems, as many antimicrobials cross the placenta and may have a teratogenic risk. Prophylaxis, vaccination, a high degree of suspicion, and early intervention c
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Sillis, Margaret, and David Longbottom. Chlamydiosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0017.

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Chlamydial pathogens cause a wide-range of infections and disease, known as chlamydioses, in humans, other mammals and birds. The causative organisms are Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria that undergo a unique biphasic developmental cycle involving the infectious elementary body and the metabolically-active, non-infectious reticulate body. At least two species, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila abortus, are recognized as causes of zoonotic infections in humans worldwide, mainly affecting persons exposed to infected psittacine and other birds, especially ducks, turkeys, and p
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Saha, Sudip. Septic Thrombophlebitis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0021.

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Septic (suppurative) thrombophlebitis is venous thrombosis in the setting of bacteremia. There is usually a degree of perivascular inflammation seen on histology. Septic thrombophlebitis occurs most commonly with intravenous catheters. However, most cases of infection related to intravenous catheters are not complicated by septic thrombophlebitis. Catheter-related septic thrombophlebitis includes erythema, tenderness, and/or drainage at the site of an intravenous catheter. Jugular vein septic thrombophlebitis, also known as Lemierre’s syndrome, is a subset of septic thrombophlebitis. This cond
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Lawson, A. J. Campylobacteriosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0016.

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Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are frequent cause of bacterial enteritis in industrialised countries and is a major cause of childhood illness in the developing world. Although deaths due to campylobacteriosis are rare, the morbidity and public health and economic burden is high because of its very high incidence. Campylobacters normally inhabit the intestinal tract of wild birds and domestic animals. Poultry is a major source of campylobacter infection and a large proportion of retail chicken meat is contaminated. Other meats are contaminated to a lesser degree. Human infection is mostly sp
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Ball, Jonathan. Antimicrobial stewardship in the intensive care setting. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758792.003.0012.

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Intensive care units (ICUs) care for patients with life-threatening infections and thus harbour reservoirs of pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, as a direct consequence of their critical illness/injury, ICU patients commonly have a significant degree of acutely acquired, innate, and adaptive immune system dysfunction. Critically ill patients therefore present unique challenges for antibiotic stewardship. Antibiotic stewardship in ICUs should address both the timely delivery of effective empiric therapy and the minimization of the use of broad-spectrum agents. Solutions to these challenges
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Putman, Shannon B. Cervicitis and Vulvovaginitis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0038.

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Cervicitis is inflammation and irritation of uterine cervix often caused by sexually transmitted infection (STI); it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis, and pregnancy complications. Vulvovaginitis (inflammation of vagina and/or vulva with itching, erythema, and mucopurulent discharge) may or may not be related to STI. Sexually active women 25 years or younger with STIs should be offered empiric treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia in addition to counseling regarding safe sex and testing for syphilis, HIV, and viral hepatitis at the time of presentation and prior to nucleic
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Idahosa, Osamudiamen, and David T. Huang. Assessment of sepsis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0295.

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Sepsis is the presence of a known or suspected infection and a systemic inflammatory response. Severe sepsis is sepsis with acute organ dysfunction. Septic shock is a subset of severe sepsis characterized by systemic arterial hypotension or occult hypoperfusion. Severe sepsis is common, affecting more than 750 000 individuals in the United States each year with a hospital mortality of about 30%.Severe sepsis is a medical emergency that requires early identification, prompt evaluation, and treatment. The signs and symptoms of sepsis are influenced by the virulence of the pathogen, the portal of
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Ehmann, Michael. Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0042.

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Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI) are characterized by extensive and rapidly progressive necrosis that may involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle and are associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality. Preceding trauma, foreign body penetration, wound contamination, and surgical intervention are all risk factors for NSTI. Clinical examination often reveals extensive tissue involvement with pain but commonly without signs of cellulitis. Crepitant cellulitis occurs most commonly in patients with preexisting lower extremity peripheral arterial disease, decubitu
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Boat, Anne C., and Senthilkumar Sadhasivam. Myelomeningocele Repair. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199764495.003.0056.

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Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a spinal birth defect that occurs due to failure in the closure of the embryologic neural tube. The meninges and/or neural structures are exposed, resulting in nerve damage. MMCs are associated with significant direct morbidity as well as with Chiari II malformations and hydrocephalus. The degree of sensory and motor deficits depends on the level of the defect, with bowel and bladder function often affected. Due to the risk of infection with an exposed spinal cord, surgical repair is usually performed in the first 24 to 48 hours of life. Anesthesia for MMC repair pres
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Book chapters on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Antolini, Fabrizio, Samuele Cesarini, and Francesco Giovanni Truglia. "Spread of Covid-19 epidemic in Italy between March 2020 and February 2021: empirical evidence at provincial level." In Proceedings e report. Firenze University Press and Genova University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3.19.

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Italy was one of the countries severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. An analysis of the factors that played a role in the spread of this epidemic is necessary. However, the assessment of which factors may be specific, and which may contribute the most is complex and involves a high degree of uncertainty. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and analyse the statistical associations of the spread of Covid-19 infection with identified spatial context variables (density, old-age index, average temperature, and pollution). For this purpose, the developments from the spatial converg
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Jamrozik, Euzebiusz, and Michael J. Selgelid. "Surveillance and Control of Asymptomatic Carriers of Drug-Resistant Bacteria." In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_12.

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Abstract Drug-resistant bacterial infections constitute a major threat to global public health. Several key bacteria that are becoming increasingly resistant are among those that are ubiquitously carried by human beings and usually cause no symptoms (i.e. individuals are asymptomatic carriers) until a precipitating event leads to symptomatic infection (and thus disease). Carriers of drug-resistant bacteria can also transmit resistant pathogens to others, thus putting the latter at risk of infections that may be difficult or impossible to treat with currently available antibiotics. Accumulating
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McCulloch, Jock, and Pavla Miller. "Things Fall Apart—Independent Research, Asbestos Litigation and the Gold Miners’ Class Action: 1983–2019." In Mining Gold and Manufacturing Ignorance. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8327-6_14.

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AbstractUntil the early 1990s, those who were critical of the South African gold mines found little support. By 1920, the Chamber had fashioned a medical orthodoxy which held that tuberculosis was brought to the mines by recruits, a position from which the industry never wavered. The election of the ANC government in 1994 saw a dramatic shift in the legal possibilities for the victims of occupational injury. The Leon Commission, the first inquiry into occupational health held under majority rule, rejected the Chamber’s orthodoxy. Its final report found that silica dust levels on the gold mines
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Feldman, Joshua, and Jeannette Janssen. "High Degree Vertices and Spread of Infections in Spatially Modelled Social Networks." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67810-8_5.

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Hung, Benson K. H., and Kelvin K. T. To. "An Applied Research Impact Case: U-Trap Refill Design for Preventing Transmission of COVID-19 and Other Infectious Diseases." In Applied Degree Education and the Shape of Things to Come. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9315-2_5.

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Jury, David, and Edward Noguera. "Infection Control." In Advanced Anesthesia Review, edited by Alaa Abd-Elsayed. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197584521.003.0354.

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Abstract Nosocomial infections complicate patient management and increase hospital mortality. Hospital-related infections are, to a great degree, preventable. Healthcare providers are considered vectors of some hospital-related infections because of suboptimal hand hygiene habits. In addition, healthcare providers are potentially exposed to contagious infections that can be acquired due to poor compliance with infection prevention strategies. Standard precautions for infection prevention include hand hygiene, basic personal protective equipment (PPE), and safe injection practices and should be
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Scott, Geoff. "Infections of the central nervous system." In Infection in the cancer patient a practical guide. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198566328.003.0010.

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Abstract Cancer and its chemotherapy lead to increased susceptibility to infections. Central nervous system (CNS) infections are rare but commonly fatal and a disappointing outcome in patients who may have otherwise been successfully treated for their tumours. The degree of immunosuppression conferred by the neoplastic disease and its treatment determine what sort of infections can be expected. The greater the degree of immunosuppression, the more likely that infection can arise from otherwise harmless saprophytes. Primary CNS infections with traditional virulent organisms such as the meningoc
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Mather, Thomas N., and Howard S. Ginsberg. "Vector-Host-Pathogen Relationships: Transmission Dynamics of Tick-borne Infections." In Ecological Dynamics Of Tick-Borne Zoonoses. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195073133.003.0004.

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Abstract Most, and perhaps all, of the tick-borne infections affecting man are zoonoses, that is, they are maintained to a large degree in natural cycles not involving humans. For the most part, we only become interested in those tick-transmitted zoonoses that affect humans or domestic animals, or that show potential for affecting man. However, if we look beyond disease severity or impact on health, it is apparent that the frequency of human infections caused by these zoonoses, or their epidemiologic potency, can vary considerably. Moreover, the intensity of transmission in natural cycles, or
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Norberg, Antonio Neres, Paulo Roberto Blanco Moreira Norberg, Fernanda Castro Manhães, et al. "Secondary infection by Cryptococcus spp. in HIV-negative patients in the context of Covid-19." In INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND INNOVATION IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/interdiinovationscrese-031.

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Cryptococcosis is an infectious disease with worldwide distribution caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, especially by the species C. neoformans and C. gattii. Cryptococcus infections begin with the inhalation of fungal particles that reach the lungs and can spread through hematogenous, especially in hosts with deficiencies in the cellular immune system. The acute respiratory syndrome in COVID-19 promotes a decrease in the efficiency of the immune system, either due to exhaustion resulting from the exacerbated response or due to immunosuppression in treatment with corticosteroids to cont
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Riddell, Anna, and Marta Gonzalez Sanz. "Infections in the Immunocompromised Host." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0050.

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An understanding of the main aspects and functions of the immune system is important, i.e. physical barriers, innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immunity (see Chapter 6, Basic Immunology), when caring for the immunocompromised patient. In adults, secondary immunodeficiency is much more common than primary, and is most often due to iatrogenic immunosuppression with drugs, e.g. corticosteroids, chemotherapy agents, immunosuppressive agents, ‘biological’ therapies. For example, treatment with corticosteroids for more than one month is enough to increase the risk of some fungal infections such as
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Conference papers on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Vdovina, E. D., E. A. Schetnikova, and M. A. Noskov. "ROLE OF MITS DERMACENTER RETICULATUS (PARASITIFORMES, IXODIDAE) IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF PYROPLASMOSIS IN DOGS OF THE KEMEROVSKY REGION." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.433-435.

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Every year, the quantity of visits to clinics with pyroplasmosis dogs is growing. The carriers of this disease are ticks Ixodidae, which are carriers various zoonotic and zooanthroponous infections. Despite this, in many regions, including the Kemerovo region, the distribution and degree of infection of ticks is not well understood. The work provides information on the spread of meadow ticks, its infection with babesia
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Gritskevich, Olga, and Dmitriy Kadochnikov. "Analysis and assessment of forensic medical examinations and studies of living individuals who have experienced acute intestinal infections for 2018–2019 according to the BSME of the subject of the Russian Federation." In Issues of determining the severity of harm caused to human health as a result of the impact of a biological factor. Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/conferencearticle_5fdcb03a5e7205.96483327.

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To assess the modern approach in determining the severity of harm to human health in acute intestinal infections, an analysis of the acts of the forensic medical examination of living persons who have suffered acute intestinal infections was carried out on the basis of the forensic medical examination bureau of the southern region for 2018–2019. The analysis showed that today, children are more susceptible to acute intestinal infections, and according to the standards for assessing the degree of harm to human health, the main factor is taken into account, the number of days spent on inpatient
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Legostaev, S. S., E. V. Protopopova, R. Yu Lutkovsky, and V. A. Svyatchenko. "STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF SARS-COV-2 CO-INFECTION WITH A NON-PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF THE COXSACKIE A7 VIRUS (LEV-8 STRAIN) AND ENTEROVIRUS 71." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-256.

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The paper presents the results of the study of the effects of co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with non-pathogenic for humans strain LEV-8 (live enterovirus vaccine) of Coxsackie virus A7 and enterovirus 71 (EV71) on the model of cell cultures and laboratory animals. In vitro experiments showed that during infection enteroviruses and SARS-CoV-2 have a competitive inhibitory effect on each other, with a more pronounced degree of suppression of SARS-CoV-2. Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with enteroviruses in laboratory animals showed that preliminary infection with enteroviruses leads to a pronou
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CASTILLO REYNA, JOSEFINA, CARMEN DANIELA GONZALEZ BARRIGA, and MARIA DEL CARMEN HERNANDEZ FONSECA. "Virtual Journey through a Bacterial Infection, a 360 Degree Video Interactive Tour." In ICBET 2022: 2022 12th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Technology. ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3535694.3535727.

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Peña-Fernández, Antonio, Maria de los Angeles Peña, and Josefa Begona Escalera. "TEACHING INTERVENTION TO ENHANCE HIV INFECTION AWARENESS IN A BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE DEGREE." In 11th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2018.2203.

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Aksic, Miroljub, Gordana Šekularac, Slaviša Gudžic, et al. "EFEKAT ZALIVNOG REŽIMA U ZATVORENOM PROSTORU NA INTENZITET POJAVE PLAMENJAČE KRASTAVCA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.101a.

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Experimental research was conducted in Gracanica in 2019, on a commercial farm in a greenhouse. The variant treated with the fungicide Previcur Energy had on average the lowest infection rate of 0.5%. In the variant treated with the preparation Antracol WP-70, at an irrigation norm of 15 mm, an intensity of infection of 1.5% was recorded, while with an irrigation norm of 20 mm, the degree of infection was higher than 2.5%. The variant treated with the fungicide Folio Gold with a watering rate of 15 mm had an infection intensity of 1%, and with a watering rate of 20 mm a higher degree of infect
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Jelev, Natalia, and Sabina Badasco. "Evaluarea efectelor de protecţie a biostimulatorului Reglalg faţă de diferiţi agenţi patogeni prin colorarea frunzelor diferitor specii de plante cu Rodamina 6G." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.43.

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The article presents the results demonstrating the effectiveness of the rapid method for detecting infection at the initial stages of spreading on the leaves of winter wheat and barley, apple and grape plants using 0,05% Rodamina 6G solution as an indicator for determining the degree of infection. The assessment of the degree of infection is carried out visually on a special scale. The data on the effectiveness of presowing treatment of wheat seeds in a solution of 1/200 of the biostimulator Reglalg for increasing plant resistance to diseases are presented.
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Никулина, Ангелина Сергеевна, and Татьяна Николаевна Позднякова. "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR IDENTIFYING THE DEGREE OF RISK OF HIV INFECTION." In АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОМЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ИНЖЕНЕРИИ. Автономная некоммерческая научно-методическая организация «Приволжский Дом знаний», 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.58841/9785835617869_109.

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Belyakova, N. V., E. A. Vorobyova, and V. A. Sivolapov. "MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PHYTOPATHOGENS IN STANDS OF THE VORONEZH REGION." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, Voronezh, Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_29-33.

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This paper presents the results of DNA diagnostics of phytopathogens in the Voronezh region. DNA diagnostics was carried out step by step: isolation of total DNA from the sample by CTAB method, amplification of marker regions of phytopathogenic organisms using primers ITS1 and ITS4, electrophoretic separation of the obtained amplicons in 2% agarose gel followed by staining with ethidium bromide, determination of the nucleotide sequence of the amplified loci ABI Prism 310. The study identified the following plant diseases: Sphaeropsis sapinea, Rhizoctonia solani, Cladosporium herbarum. Along wi
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Yusifova, K. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BOMBYX MORI NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS INFECTION UNDER STRESS FACTORS." In SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT FOR LIVESTOCK BREEDING IN SIBERIA. Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture is a separate division of the Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.52686/conferencearticle_67597cee812225.17360475.

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The article presents research data on the influence of various stress factors, namely cooling or overheating, provoking jaundice in silkworm caterpillars, in order to identify the degree of hereditary resistance of the silkworm to jaundice. The results of a study involving artificial infection of caterpillars with a virus without additional stress treatment are also presented.
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Reports on the topic "Degree of infection"

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Levisohn, Sharon, Mark Jackwood, and Stanley Kleven. New Approaches for Detection of Mycoplasma iowae Infection in Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7612834.bard.

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Mycoplasma iowae (Mi) is a pathogenic avian mycoplasma which causes mortality in turkey embryos and as such has clinical and economic significance for the turkey breeder industry. Control of Mi infection is severely hampered by lack of adequate diagnostic tests, together with resistance to most antibiotics and resilience to environment. A markedly high degree of intra-species antigenic variation also contributes to difficulties in detection and control of infection. In this project we have designed an innovative gene-based diagnostic test based on specific amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of
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D’Agostino, Martin, Nigel Cook, Liam O’Connor, et al. Optimising extraction and RT-qPCR-based detection of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from pork meat and products. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ylv958.

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Hepatitis E is an infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). HEV infection usually produces a mild disease, hepatitis E. However, disease symptoms can vary from no apparent symptoms to liver failure. There are 4 main types (genotypes) of the virus that cause concern in humans. Genotypes 1 and 2 infections are mainly restricted to humans but 3 and 4 can be identified in numerous other animal species including pigs. Transmission routes of HEV genotypes 3 and 4 have been identified to include the consumption of food products derived from infected animals and shellfish, and via
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Arora, Sanjana, and Olena Koval. Norway Country Report. University of Stavanger, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.232.

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This report is part of a larger cross-country comparative project and constitutes an account and analysis of the measures comprising the Norwegian national response to the COVID-19 pandemic during the year of 2020. This time period is interesting in that mitigation efforts were predominantly of a non-medical nature. Mass vaccinations were in Norway conducted in early 2021. With one of the lowest mortality rates in Europe and relatively lower economic repercussions compared to its Nordic neighbours, the Norwegian case stands unique (OECD, 2021: Eurostat 2021; Statista, 2022). This report presen
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Ficht, Thomas, Gary Splitter, Menachem Banai, and Menachem Davidson. Characterization of B. Melinensis REV 1 Attenuated Mutants. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580667.bard.

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Brucella Mutagenesis (TAMU) The working hypothesis for this study was that survival of Brucella vaccines was directly related to their persistence in the host. This premise is based on previously published work detailing the survival of the currently employed vaccine strains S19 and Rev 1. The approach employed signature-tagged mutagenesis to construct mutants interrupted in individual genes, and the mouse model to identify mutants with attenuated virulence/survival. Intracellular survival in macrophages is the key to both reproductive disease in ruminants and reticuloendothelial disease obser
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Bourrier, Mathilde, Michael Deml, and Farnaz Mahdavian. Comparative report of the COVID-19 Pandemic Responses in Norway, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. University of Stavanger, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.254.

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The purpose of this report is to compare the risk communication strategies and public health mitigation measures implemented by Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic based on publicly available documents. The report compares the country responses both in relation to one another and to the recommendations and guidance of the World Health Organization where available. The comparative report is an output of Work Package 1 from the research project PAN-FIGHT (Fighting pandemics with enhanced risk communication: Messages, comp
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Gershoni, Jonathan M., David E. Swayne, Tal Pupko, et al. Discovery and reconstitution of cross-reactive vaccine targets for H5 and H9 avian influenza. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699854.bard.

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Research objectives: Identification of highly conserved B-cell epitopes common to either H5 or H9 subtypes of AI Reconstruction of conserved epitopes from (1) as recombinantimmunogens, and testing their suitability to be used as universal vaccine components by measuring their binding to Influenza vaccinated sera of birds Vaccination of chickens with reconstituted epitopes and evaluation of successful vaccination, clinical protection and viral replication Development of a platform to investigate the dynamics of immune response towards infection or an epitope based vaccine Estimate our ability t
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Levisohn, Sharon, Maricarmen Garcia, David Yogev, and Stanley Kleven. Targeted Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Avian Mycoplasmas. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695853.bard.

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Intraspecies identification (DNA "fingerprinting") of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas is a powerful tool for epidemiological studies and monitoring strain identity. However the only widely method available for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS)wasrandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This project aimed to develop alternative and supplementary typing methods that will overcome the major constraints of RAPD, such as the need for isolation of the organism in pure culture and the lack of reproducibility intrinsic in the method. Our strategy focussed on recognition of molecular mark
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Chalutz, Edo, Michael Wisniewski, Samir Droby, Yael Eilam, and Ilan Chet. Mode of Action of Yeast Biocontrol Agents of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613025.bard.

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In a previous BARD-supported study, three of the investigators of this research were involved in a study on biological control of postharvest diseases of citrus and deciduous fruits. Several naturally occurring, non-antibiotic producing yeast antagonists were identified. Application of some of these antagonists resulted in very high levels of biocontrol under laboratory conditions but lower efficacy in semi-commercial tests. It was felt that the lack of knowledge on the mode of action of the biocontrol agents was limiting their efficient use. The current study was aimed at narrowing this gap i
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Gelb, Jr., Jack, Yoram Weisman, Brian Ladman, and Rosie Meir. Identification of Avian Infectious Brochitis Virus Variant Serotypes and Subtypes by PCR Product Cycle Sequencing for the Rational Selection of Effective Vaccines. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586470.bard.

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Objectives 1. Determine the serotypic identities of 40 recent IBV isolates from commercial chickens raised in the USA and Israel. 2. Sequence all IBV field isolates using PCR product cycle sequencing and analyze their S 1 sequence to detennine their homology to other strains in the Genbank and EMBL databases. 3. Select vaccinal strains with the highest S 1 sequence homology to the field isolates and perform challenge of immunity studies in chickens in laboratory trials to detennine level of protection afforded by the vaccines. Background Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a common, economically imp
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Boniface, Gideon, and Christopher Magomba. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.038.

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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, the pandemic has brought both social and economic impacts to global communities, although to varying degrees. Since the onset of the pandemic, different regions have responded in various ways by taking different measures to fight the pandemic and its effects. In Tanzania, the first case was recorded on 16 March 2020 and, to contain the spread of the virus, on 17 March 2020, the Prime Minister announced measures including the closure of all education institutions, the suspension of public gatherings and international passenger flights, and mand
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