Academic literature on the topic 'Derogatory terms'

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Journal articles on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Coles, Gregory. "Emerging Voices: The Exorcism of Language: Reclaimed Derogatory Terms and Their Limits." College English 78, no. 5 (2016): 424–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/co201628524.

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What dynamics govern the "reclamation" of contested terms? Applying Burke's notion of terministic screens illuminates the reclamation efforts surrounding contested—terms "Black" and "queer," both historically derogatory (and therefore discouraged) and now broadly reclaimed (and acceptable). In such reclamations, redemptive in—nature, the derogatory term is portrayed not as false but as misunderstood. But the reclamation movements surrounding "nigger" and "faggot" have been restricted,—i.e., acceptable only for in-group use (and mockingly directing attention to their derogatory history). Variou
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Dr. Qasim Yaqub. "Derogatory Portrayal Of Animals In Literature." Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq 3, no. 2 (2023): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.58760/dareechaetahqeeq.v3i2.46.

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Animal symbols are used extensively in literature. Animals are often used for moral symbolic systems as can be seen in Mantaq ul tair. However, Rafiq Hussain and Mustansar Hussain Tarad used it in fiction to understand ecological references. Allama Iqbal has also derived instructive messages from animals, birds and insects in his poetry.But there is another symbolic use of animals and that is their derogatory narrative. They are looked down upon socially. Derogatory terms for animals are used in literature around the world.This article discusses from this aspect what is the reason why animals
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Risch, Barbara. "Women's derogatory terms for men: That's right, “dirty” words." Language in Society 16, no. 3 (1987): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500012434.

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ABSTRACTMuch of the research concerning “women's language” has focused on differences in pitch and intonation, expressions of uncertainty, and politeness and correctness of form; all predicated on the assumption that women are socially and linguistically conservative and therefore more likely to use standard or prestige forms. This is a study of the derogatory terms (“dirty” words) that women use to refer to men. The frequency and variance of response that results from the study calls into question the assumption that women are more prone to use standard forms of speech, and suggests that the
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Hess, Leopold. "Practices of Slur Use." Grazer Philosophische Studien 97, no. 1 (2020): 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-09701006.

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Given the apparent nondisplaceability and noncancellability of the derogatory content of slurs, it may appear puzzling that non-derogatory uses of slurs exist. Moreover, these uses seem to be in general available only to in-group speakers, thereby exhibiting a peculiar kind of context-sensitivity. In this paper the author argues that to understand non-derogatory uses we should consider slurs in terms of the kind of social practice their uses instantiate. A suitable theory of social practices has been proposed by McMillan. In typical (derogatory) uses the practice is one of bigotry and discrimi
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Chen, Tianfang. "The Relationship Between Derogatory Terms and Their Essentialism Condition Focusing the Terms X dog in China." Communications in Humanities Research 6, no. 1 (2023): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/6/20230156.

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In modern China, there has been a notable shift in the usage of 'X dog', disparaging words involving the word "dog" with a noun, resulting in a progressive diminution of its negative impact. Using Lynne Tirrell's theory of derogatory terms, this paper employs a combination of literature review and corpus analysis to explore the ways in which the essentialism condition has contributed to the historical prevalence of 'X dog' as a widely used derogatory term in ancient China, and how its shifting perception has impacted its usage in the modern era. This study gives vital insights into the intrica
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Abellada, Christian, Michelle Ann Catinguel, Zhylla Marizz Ferran, Arvie Jeanne Lopez, Patrick Gio Reyes, and Lara Janea Lorenzo. "Derogatory Terms in Labeling Mental Illness and Self-Stigma of Selected Senior High School Students in Cavite: Basis in The Development of a Self-Help Booklet Against Bullying." Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal 25, no. 7 (2024): 864–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13829934.

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This research aims to study mental health-related derogatory terminologies and self-stigma in the Philippines, where such labels are commonly used in daily conversation. Because disparaging labels are linked to verbal bullying, the study's main output is a self-help booklet to combat bullying. While many studies have examined labeling for mental illness, few have focused on the context, psychological impact, and specific role of these terms in fueling self-stigma for undiagnosed individuals. A self-made survey was administered to 361 senior high school students aged 18 and above, enrolled in t
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Zhao, Qinye. "Analysis on Deeply Derogatory Terms in the Chinese LanguageTaking Man Yi as an Example." Communications in Humanities Research 5, no. 1 (2023): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/5/20230163.

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One of the many types of concurrent meanings of words is the positive and negative concomitant meaning of words, which represents the positive and negative attitudes of the linguistic community about the accompanying rational meanings of words. There are numerous sorts of concomitant meanings of words. The notion of extremely derogatory terms proposed by Tirrell gave rise to a brand new category of words as well as an innovative approach to the study of slurs. The paper does a literature analysis to investigate deeply derogatory terms in Chinese, and then it uses that information to examine th
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Rahman, Fadhlur, Ella Yuzar, and Mohammad Kholid. "Unveiling Language Prejudice: A Corpus-Based Analysis of Racial Slurs Across Genres." Journal of Languages and Language Teaching 12, no. 2 (2024): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i2.10753.

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Discrimination and racism have been obvious for decades. This encompasses derogatory racial epithets such as "nigger, niggers, n-words". The objective of this study was to employ corpus-based analysis in order to examine the frequency of racial derogatory expressions across various genres of literature. The COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English) data were employed to perform a corpus-based linguistic analysis of the terms 'nigger', 'niggers', and 'n-word' over a span of 20 years (1990 to 2019). Although the words "niggers" and "n-word" have similar meanings, the occurrence of the word
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Ivanovic, Nenad, and Jovana Jovanovic. "A collection of coarse words in manuscript form by Djordje Natosevic (1821-1887) as a source for the scientific study of derogatory terms in the Serbian language." Juznoslovenski filolog 79, no. 2 (2023): 91–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi2302091i.

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In this paper we present a description and analysis of the collection of derogatory terms in manuscript form by Djordje Natosevic (1821-1887). Dj. Natosevic amassed his collection of names from various sources in the mid-19th century. In the early 20th century, the manuscript was joined with the archive of the lexical materials for the Dictionary of the Serbo-Croat Literary and Vernacular Language of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, which remained so to this day. This collection of 2,584 lexical items represents the most extensive and structurally diverse collection of derogatory term
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Naga, January F., and Rabby Q. Lavilles. "Deciphering Digital Discourse: Detecting Cyberbullying Patterns in Filipino Tweets Using Machine Learning." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 18, no. 2 (2024): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v18i2.11094.

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The research addresses the escalating challenge of cyberbullying in the Philippines, a concern magnified by widespread social media use. A dataset of 146,661 tweets is analyzed using a pre-trained natural language processing model tailored to detect derogatory Filipino terms. The methodology is designed to preprocess data for clarity and analyze derogatory phrases, using the 23 key terms to indicate cyberbullying. Through quantitative analysis, specific patterns of derogatory term co-occurrence are uncovered. The research specifically focuses on Filipino digital discourse, uncovering patterns
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Valtonen, Pasi Markus. "Slurring epithets and generic descriptivism : the meaning and the epistemology of ethnically derogatory terms." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/slurring-epithets-and-generic-descriptivism(8f415d27-b9e4-41d5-85cb-d8bb484afc91).html.

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Slurring epithets or slurs like 'Frog' and 'Boche' are derogative terms but it is unclear why they are derogatory. This work discusses several proposals to answer this question. One commonality with the discussed views is that they all hold that derogation has something to do with semantics, broadly with the meaning of slurs. I disagree with this. I go on to introduce generic descriptivism. It is a novel view to handle slurs and it has two distinctive features. First, generic descriptivism holds that the nature of derogation is epistemic. derogation is due to the information which slurs contai
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Books on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Taliaferro, Charles. Love and Philosophy of Religion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796732.003.0012.

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This chapter proposes that contemporary philosophers of religion can learn from the first group of thinkers who engaged in philosophy of religion in the English language: the seventeenth-century Cambridge Platonists. Working under the dire conditions of the English Civil Wars, they nonetheless advanced a robust defense of tolerance, a moral and theological realism that saw goodness in terms of a love for nature rather than arbitrary volition, and a philosophical methodology that took religious practice and cultivating virtue (justice, integrity, and especially charity or love) seriously in the
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Sosa, David, ed. Bad Words. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758655.001.0001.

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This book is a collection of new articles on the topic of slurs and other derogatory terms and problematic language. The articles are written by some of the leading contributors to the field. Slurs are an interesting case for the philosophy of language. On one hand, they seem to be meaningful in something like the way many other expressions are meaningful—different slurs might seem in some way to refer to different groups, for example. But on the other hand, it is clear that slurs also have distinctive practical effects and roles. How are those aspects related? Slurs are bad words; but how can
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Zick, Timothy. The First Amendment in the Trump Era. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190073992.001.0001.

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This book examines challenges to the First Amendment during the Trump Era. The Trump Era is characterized first and foremost by a president who has publicly challenged First Amendment free speech and press principles, norms, and rights. Candidate and now President Trump has declared “war” on the institutional press, publicly condemned individual protesters, blocked Twitter critics, made derogatory comments about race and gender, and exhibited a general intolerance of criticism and dissent. These events have transpired in an era also characterized by a diminished institutional press, mass digit
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Freeden, Michael. 1. Should ideologies be ill-reputed? Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780192802811.003.0001.

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Ideology is a word that evokes strong emotional responses. ‘Should ideologies be ill-reputed’ examines how ideologies are perceived. For many, ideologies are associated with -isms, such as communism, fascism, or anarchism. Ideology is viewed with suspicion and ‘ism’ as a faintly derogatory term. However, ideologies offer competing interpretations of events and seek to impose a pattern on them. The influence of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in shaping and developing the concept of ideology is examined in more detail. Particularly the way in which they linked class and ideology, and how their i
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Mizrahi, Moti. For and Against Scientism. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., 2022. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881813741.

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The term “scientism” is used in several ways. It is used to denote an epistemological thesis according to which science is the source of our knowledge about the world and ourselves. Relatedly, it is used to denote a methodological thesis according to which the methods of science are superior to the methods of non-scientific fields or areas of inquiry. It is also used to put forward a metaphysical thesis that what exists is what science says exists. In recent decades, the term “scientism” has acquired a derogatory meaning when it is used in defense of non-scientific ways of knowing. In particul
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Hough, Stephen. Reflection. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199351411.003.0023.

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Musicians are always talking about ‘shape’ in reference to phrasing, but mostly I think they merely mean that something has shape rather than being ‘shapeless’—always a derogatory term. Shape in this sense means direction, a start and a finish with something pleasing in the middle. Seldom are the visual patterns of a draughtsman or an artist relevant to a musician. Nevertheless, only today I was doing an interview and trying to describe to the journalist a CD I recently recorded of music by Scriabin and Janáček. Strange bedfellows, it would seem, despite some parallels in their Slavic origins
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Kaveny, Cathleen. Ethics at the Edges of Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190612290.001.0001.

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Ethics at the Edges of Law: Christian Moralists and American Legal Thought shows how methods and doctrines drawn from the American legal tradition can constructively advance the discussion of key issues in Christian ethics. More broadly, the book argues that religious ethicists should consider legal thought to be a valuable conversation partner on a par with philosophical thought. Each of the chapters places the work of an important contemporary figure in Christian ethics in conversation with particular legal cases and questions. The book is divided into three major parts: “Narratives and Norm
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Book chapters on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Windsor, Sally, and Karin Kers. "Teaching Social Sustainability and About Sweden’s Sami Peoples in Senior Secondary School." In Springer Polar Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97460-2_10.

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AbstractThis chapter outlines an action research project conducted in a Social Studies classroom in a Senior Secondary School in South Sápmi, Sweden. The teacher researcher had noted that despite some of the students identifying as Sami, there was a lack of awareness about Sami history and culture, and that when Sami peoples were referred to it was often in discriminatory and derogatory terms. The unit of lessons aimed to increase the students’ knowledge of Sami life both historically and presently, and awareness of how prejudice and stereotyping are used to ‘other’ certain groups to justify e
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Boswell, John. "On the Use of the Term “Homo” as a Derogatory Epithet." In Gays and the Military, edited by Marc Wolinsky and Kenneth Sherrill. Princeton University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400821044.49.

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Breier, Idan. "Shaming by Naming “Dog” as a Derogatory Term for Human Beings in Ancient Near Eastern Sources." In Impious Dogs, Haughty Foxes and Exquisite Fish, edited by Tristan Schmidt and Johannes Pahlitzsch. De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110576917-004.

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Stojanovic, Isidora. "Derogatory terms in free indirect discourse." In The Language of Fiction. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198846376.003.0014.

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Free indirect discourse (FID) is a style of reporting speech and thought that combines third-personal narration with direct, first-personal discourse. Expressive terms, such as “idiot” or “asshole”, are known to occur in FID. When so used, the pejorative content reflects the protagonist’s rather than the narrator’s point of view. This chapter broadens the discussion of derogatory terms in FID by investigating occurrences of slurring terms, such as the N-word. The two main approaches to FID, namely the two-context approach and the mixed-quotation approach, are discussed in light of these novel
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Keyes, Ralph. "Taunt Terms: Euro." In The Hidden History of Coined Words. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190466763.003.0006.

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Ever since Horace coined sesquipedalia to mock the over-long words used by pretentious poets, terms meant to taunt have popped up often in the lexicon. A will to disparage can inspire neologisms that are vigorous and clear without being self-conscious. Bureaucracy is based on a French expression created to ridicule government employees who work at “bureaux” (desks). Impressionist was meant to mock members of a school of Parisian painters. Other Gallic terms whose origins were pejorative include silhouette, and guillotine. British neologisms coined to disparage include suffragette, big bang, me
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Wegars, Priscilla. "Exposing Negative Chinese Terminology and Stereotypes." In Chinese Diaspora Archaeology in North America. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066356.003.0004.

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By evaluating unacceptable terminology, as well as by exposing several negative Chinese stereotypes, this essay seeks to prevent the perpetuation of legends, myths, rumors, and stereotypes about the Chinese in the United States, and to provide readers with a deeper, more empathetic, understanding of Chinese American culture. Some of the derogatory terms discussed include “Chinaman,” “coolie,” and “joss house.” Anti-Chinese stereotypes in common use today include “Chinese ovens” for Italian bread-baking ovens and “Chinese tunnels” for sidewalk vaults. A lengthy case study of the latter term exa
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Milbrodt, Teresa. "Crip Talk." In Sexy Like Us. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496838919.003.0003.

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This chapter explores the political act of naming, and how groups of nondisabled people trying to create “positive” terms for disability have led to conflict inside and outside disability communities. This section addresses the range of opinions within disability communities about the words “crip” and “cripple,” examining various opinions and linguistic uses of the terms, and how the words can be employed to comic effect. Because of the historically derogatory meaning of these words, some people with disabilities argue that using the terms with pride is a form of naming reclamation and asserti
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Zimmerman, Tegan. "Maternal Conflicts, Coolitude, and Colonialism in Jan Lowe Shinebourne’s The Last English Plantation." In Matria Redux. University Press of Mississippi, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496846341.003.0006.

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Chapter three presents Jan Lowe Shinebourne’s The Last English Plantation as depicting a critical juncture in the Indo-Chinese protagonist’s life: June struggles to forge her own identity whilst Guyana seeks its independence from Britain in the 1950s. Analyzing the novel’s material and maternal conflicts this chapter argues that the Indo-Chinese girl’s struggle against her mother and Guyana’s growing demand for independence from Britain correlates to June’s increasingly postcolonial feminist attitude of coolitude. Inspired by a grandmother figure, June begins to learn her family’s history as w
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Bird-David, Nurit. "Family and Ethnonym." In Us, Relatives. University of California Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520293403.003.0011.

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The problem of naming forager-cultivator peoples is well-known. They call themselves by terms of kinship and shared humanity, but other people give them a variety of confusing and often derogatory names. Yet ethnonyms underpin ethnographic writing and cross-cultural comparison. This interlude relates the author’s experience of choosing an ethnonym for her study group, whose members call themselves sonta (us, relatives). It shows the appellatory confusion arising in areas with a rich colonial history, like the Nilgiris, where generations of travelers, administrators, and scholars have tried to
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Schwenzer, Ingeborg, and Ulrich G. Schroeter. "Seller’s right to cure after date for delivery." In Schlechtriem & Schwenzer: Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG), 5th ed. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198868675.003.0054.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the seller’s right to remedy a failure to perform. Article 48(1) covers the basic principle that generally a seller is entitled to perform the contract even after the date for delivery has passed and thereby remedy his breach of contract. The chapter notes the process of remedying a defect and failure to perform at the seller’s own expense. The seller’s right to cure after the delivery date exists only if this does not involve unreasonable delay, inconvenience in performance, or uncertainty of reimbursement of expenses for the buyer. Moreover, derogatory agreeme
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Conference papers on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Li, Qiainyin. "Dreams of a Solo Traveller." In LINK 2024 Conference Proceedings. Tuwhera, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24135/link2024.v5i1.222.

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Dreams of a Solo Traveller constitutes a positive rethinking of the Chinese derogatory concept of 剩女(the Leftover Woman). Leftover Women is used to define unmarried, urban, professional single women over the age of 27. In this study, the term is used to describe women who, forsaking conventional expectations of marriage, consciously make alternative choices about their future. The research draws on personal experience and existing literature relating to familial and cultural expectations that many young, contemporary Chinese women must navigate. The discursive relationship between poetry and p
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Reports on the topic "Derogatory terms"

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Intellectual Disabilities. ACAMH, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.4932.

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Many terms have been used to describe an intellectual disability (ID) or medical conditions linked to an ID. Some terms that were originally designed to describe levels of intellectual disability or specific medical conditions, have unfortunately become part of common derogatory language used within society and so have become insults.
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