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Journal articles on the topic 'District heating and cooling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Ivančić, Aleksandar, Joaquim Romaní, Jaume Salom, and Maria-Victoria Cambronero. "Performance Assessment of District Energy Systems with Common Elements for Heating and Cooling." Energies 14, no. 8 (2021): 2334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082334.

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District energy systems, especially those integrating renewables or low exergy sources, have multiple elements for generating heating and cooling. Some of these elements might be used for both purposes: heating and cooling, either simultaneously or alternatively. This makes it more complex to separate the assessment and have a clear picture on performance of cooling service on one side, and heating services on the other, in terms of energy, environmental, and economic results. However, a correct comparison between different district energy configurations or among district energy and convention

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2

Werner, Sven. "District heating and cooling in Sweden." Energy 126 (May 2017): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.03.052.

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3

Costa, Andrea, Tatiana Loureiro, Francesco Passerini, et al. "Development of Future EU District Heating and Cooling Network Solutions, Sharing Experiences and Fostering Collaborations." Proceedings 1, no. 7 (2017): 974. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings1071105.

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Heating and cooling consume half of the EU’s energy and much of it is wasted. The lion’s share of heating and cooling is still generated from fossil fuels, mainly natural gas, while only 18% is generated from renewable energy. In order to fulfil the EU’s climate and energy goals, the heating and cooling sector must therefore sharply reduce its energy consumption and cut its use of fossil fuels. To this end the European Commission adopted a heating and cooling strategy in February 2016 as part of the wider Energy Union Package. A number of activities and projects funded by the

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4

Autelitano, Kevin, Jacopo Famiglietti, Marcello Aprile, and Mario Motta. "Towards Life Cycle Assessment for the Environmental Evaluation of District Heating and Cooling: A Critical Review." Standards 4, no. 3 (2024): 102–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/standards4030007.

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District heating and cooling networks represent a compelling energy system solution due to their capacity to integrate renewable energies and leverage local surpluses of thermal resources. The meticulous design and optimization of network infrastructure are imperative to fully exploiting the potential of these energy systems. The Life Cycle Assessment of district heating and cooling networks for the purpose of environmental sustainability is a crucial and increasingly demanded aspect, particularly in light of the progressively stringent European regulations. The Life Cycle Assessment methodolo

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5

Brumana, G., G. Franchini, E. Ghirardi, and S. Ravelli. "Optimization of Solar District Heating & Cooling Systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2385, no. 1 (2022): 012113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2385/1/012113.

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Abstract The present work proposes a comparison between three solar-powered district heating and cooling systems, namely: 1) centralized district heating & cooling (DHC) system; 2) 5th-generation district heating & cooling (5GDHC) system and 3) individual AC plants (HHC, Home Heating and Cooling), in different climate conditions. Thermal loads are evaluated by transient simulations of a residential compound featuring 56 detached houses for three different Italian climates: (1) a Mediterranean region on the seaside (Palermo, I), (2) a temperate climate in Central Italy (Roma, I), and (3

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6

Ravelli, Silvia. "District Heating and Cooling towards Net Zero." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 6033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15166033.

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7

Schmidt, Dietrich. "Digitalization of district heating and cooling systems." Energy Reports 7 (October 2021): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.082.

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8

Werner, Sven. "International review of district heating and cooling." Energy 137 (October 2017): 617–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.045.

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9

Perez-Mora, Nicolas, Federico Bava, Martin Andersen, et al. "Solar district heating and cooling: A review." International Journal of Energy Research 42, no. 4 (2017): 1419–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3888.

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10

Zeh, Robin, Björn Ohlsen, David Philipp, et al. "Large-Scale Geothermal Collector Systems for 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling Networks." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116035.

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Low temperature district heating and cooling networks (5GDHC) in combination with very shallow geothermal energy potentials enable the complete renewable heating and cooling supply of settlements up to entire city districts. With the help of 5GDHC, heating and cooling can be distributed at a low temperature level with almost no distribution losses and made useable to consumers via decentralized heat pumps (HP). Numerous renewable heat sources, from wastewater heat exchangers and low-temperature industrial waste heat to borehole heat exchangers and large-scale geothermal collector systems (LSC)

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11

Månsson, Sara, Kristin Davidsson, Patrick Lauenburg, and Marcus Thern. "Automated Statistical Methods for Fault Detection in District Heating Customer Installations." Energies 12, no. 1 (2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010113.

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In order to develop more sustainable district heating systems, the district heating sector is currently trying to increase the energy efficiency of these systems. One way of doing so is to identify customer installations in the systems that have poor cooling performance. This study aimed to develop an algorithm that was able to detect the poorly performing installations automatically using meter readings from the installations. The algorithm was developed using statistical methods and was tested on a data set consisting of data from 3000 installations located in a district heating system in Sw

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12

Babus'Haq, R. F., S. D. Probert, and H. E. George. "District Heating and/or District Cooling Distribution Pipelines: Optimal Configurations." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 204, no. 1 (1990): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_009_02.

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13

Casisi, Melchiorre, Dario Buoro, Piero Pinamonti, and Mauro Reini. "A Comparison of Different District Integration for a Distributed Generation System for Heating and Cooling in an Urban Area." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (2019): 3521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173521.

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The paper proposes a comparison of different district integration options for a distributed generation system for heating and cooling in an urban area. The system considered includes several production units located close to the users, a central unit and the district heating and cooling network which can connect all the users to each other and to a central unit, where a cogeneration system and a solar plant can be placed. Thus, each user can be regarded as isolated from the others, satisfying its energy needs by means of an autonomous production unit. Alternatively, it can be connected to the

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14

Todorov, Oleg, Kari Alanne, Markku Virtanen, and Risto Kosonen. "Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) for District Heating and Cooling: A Novel Modeling Approach Applied in a Case Study of a Finnish Urban District." Energies 13, no. 10 (2020): 2478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102478.

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Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) combined with ground-source heat pumps (GSHP) offer an attractive technology to match supply and demand by efficiently recycling heating and cooling loads. This study analyses the integration of the ATES–GSHP system in both district heating and cooling networks of an urban district in southwestern Finland, in terms of technoeconomic feasibility, efficiency, and impact on the aquifer area. A novel mathematical modeling for GSHP operation and energy system management is proposed and demonstrated, using hourly data for heating and cooling demand. Hydrogeologi

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15

Prieto, Juan, Dereje S. Ayou, and Alberto Coronas. "A Novel H2O/LiBr Absorption Heat Pump with Condensation Heat Recovery for Combined Heating and Cooling Production: Energy Analysis for Different Applications." Clean Technologies 5, no. 1 (2022): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol5010004.

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The aim of this study is to analyze the feasibility of the single-effect H2O/LiBr absorption heat pump cycle to produce combined heating and cooling. To achieve this, first, the main changes that the absorption cycle requires are described in comparison with the conventional single-effect absorption chiller. Then, the cycle’s operational limits in terms of temperature lift and LiBr crystallization are evaluated. In this sense, driving heat temperatures required for these applications range from 85 °C to 120 °C. The energy and exergy performance (in terms of cooling and heating capacities, cool

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16

Kanog˘lu, M., Y. A. C¸engel, and R. H. Turner. "Incorporating a District Heating/Cooling System Into an Existing Geothermal Power Plant." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 120, no. 2 (1998): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2795031.

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Geothermal energy has been used for power generation, space and process heating, and to a lesser extent, space cooling. However, it is rarely used for cogeneration. This paper shows how a district heating/cooling system can be incorporated into an existing geothermal power plant to make the best use of extracted hot brine. In the power plant analysis, exergy destruction throughout the plant is quantified and illustrated using an exergy cascade. The primary source of exergy destruction in the plant is determined to be the reinjection of used brine into the ground, which accounts for 48.1 percen

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17

Huber, David, Viktoria Illyés, Veronika Turewicz, Gregor Götzl, Andreas Hammer, and Karl Ponweiser. "Novel District Heating Systems: Methods and Simulation Results." Energies 14, no. 15 (2021): 4450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154450.

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Fifth-generation district heating and cooling (5th DHC) systems offer promising approaches to decarbonizing space heating, cooling and domestic hot water supply. By using these systems, clustered buildings combined with industrial waste heat can achieve a net-zero energy balance on a variety of time scales. Thanks to the low exergy approach, these systems are highly efficient. As part of the Smart Anergy Quarter Baden (SANBA) project, the thermal energy grid simulation tool TEGSim has been further developed and used to design an ultra-low-temperature district heating (ULTDH) network with hydra

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18

Zhang, Yi, He Qi, Yu Zhou, Zhonghua Zhang, and Xi Wang. "Exploring the Impact of a District Sharing Strategy on Application Capacity and Carbon Emissions for Heating and Cooling with GSHP Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (2020): 5543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165543.

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To meet long-term climate change targets, the way that heating and cooling are generated and distributed has to be changed to achieve a supply of affordable, secure and low-carbon energy for all buildings and infrastructures. Among the possible renewable sources of energy, ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems can be an effective low-carbon solution that is compatible with district heating and cooling in urban areas. There are no location restrictions for this technology, and underground energy sources are stable for long-term use. According to a previous study, buildings in urban areas have

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19

Moustakidis, Serafeim, Ioannis Meintanis, George Halikias, and Nicos Karcanias. "An Innovative Control Framework for District Heating Systems: Conceptualisation and Preliminary Results." Resources 8, no. 1 (2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010027.

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This paper presents a holistic innovative solution for the transformation of the current district heating and cooling systems to automated more efficient systems. A variety of technological advancements have been developed and integrated to support the effective energy management of future district heating and cooling sector. First, we identify and discuss the main challenges and needs that are in line with the EU objectives and policy expectations. We give an overview of the main parts that our solution consists of, with emphasis on the forecasting tools and an advanced control system that ad

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20

Hewitt, Neil J. "District heating (and cooling) – a low carbon future?" International Journal of Ambient Energy 37, no. 3 (2016): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2016.1153846.

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21

Blomqvist, Stefan, Lina La Fleur, Shahnaz Amiri, Patrik Rohdin, and Louise Ödlund (former Trygg). "The Impact on System Performance When Renovating a Multifamily Building Stock in a District Heated Region." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (2019): 2199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082199.

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In Sweden, 90% of multifamily buildings utilize district heat and a large portion is in need of renovation. The aim is to analyze the impact of renovating a multifamily building stock in a district heating and cooling system, in terms of primary energy savings, peak power demands, electricity demand and production, and greenhouse gas emissions on local and global levels. The study analyzes scenarios regarding measures on the building envelope, ventilation, and substitution from district heat to ground source heat pump. The results indicate improved energy performance for all scenarios, ranging

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22

Eggimann, Sven, Jacopo Vivian, and Massimo Fiorentini. "Heating and cooling European buildings with lakes?" Europhysics News 54, no. 3 (2023): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn/2023301.

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Lake-source thermal district networks can save energy and emission for heating and cooling buildings. However, where and to what degree such systems could be an effective solution is unclear. We simulated that covering 17% of the cooling demand and 7% of the combined heating and cooling demand near European lakes is economically feasible and does not cause severe lake water temperature alterations in most cases.

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23

SADOHARA, SATORU, and TOSHIO OJIMA. "STUDY ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF DISTRICTS IN TOKYO ACCORDING TO CHARACTERS OF HEATING AND COOLING DEMAND OF DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING." Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 364 (1986): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijax.364.0_86.

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24

Baranchuk, Kyrylo, and Oleksandr Chechuga. "OVERVIEW OF MODERN ARCHITECTURES OF BIDIRECTIONAL HEATING SUBSTATION IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS ON TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES." Automobile Roads and Road Construction, no. 118.1 (2025): 044–54. https://doi.org/10.33744/0365-8171-2025-117.1-044-054.

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Summary. Modern systems of district heating of the fourth (4GDH) and district heating and cooling of the fifth (5GDHC) generations increasingly integrate renewable energy sources (RES) and waste heat, while changing the role of consumers to active “thermal prosumers”. The key element of such two-way interaction between the network and the building is a bidirectional heating substation, which provides both heat withdrawal from the network and the return of excess energy. The article is devoted to a review of modern architectures of bidirectional heating substation in the context of 4GDH and 5GD

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25

Sezer, Taha, Abubakar Kawuwa Sani, Rao Martand Singh, and Liang Cui. "Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System." Energies 16, no. 20 (2023): 7169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16207169.

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Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) systems are acknowledged as renewable and sustainable energy sources that can effectively fulfill the heating and cooling requirements of buildings on a district level. These systems harness geothermal sources available at shallow depths. To ensure the long-term sustainability of the system, the thermally used water is generally reinjected into the aquifer, creating a thermal plume starting from the injection well. Over time, this thermal plume may reach the abstraction well in the long term, potentially leading to a reduction in system efficiency. The operation ty

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26

Ciapała, Bartłomiej, and Mirosław Janowski. "Geothermal power based ULTDH for cooling and heating purposes." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000009.

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Ultra-low temperature district heating systems facilitate use of waste and renewable heat sources. The article presents a possible scheme of operation and optimisation of small ultra-low temperature district heating system consisting of waste heat source, a number of heated individual dwellings and borehole thermal energy storage plant. Optimisation performed for typical meteorological year for Kraków indicate significant potential of decreasing energy amount discharged to the environment and total length of borehole heat exchangers, compared to individual heat/cold production from low-tempera

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27

Oltmanns, Johannes, Martin Freystein, Frank Dammel, and Peter Stephan. "Improving the operation of a district heating and a district cooling network." Energy Procedia 149 (September 2018): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.218.

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28

Tsigkas, Ioannis, and Giorgos Panaras. "District Cooling Application on an Existing District Heating Infrastructure: Technologies and Potential." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 410 (January 24, 2020): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/410/1/012028.

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29

Petersen, S., Carsten Hausherr, Walther Hüls, Reuven Paitazoglou, and Jan Albers. "Efficient absorption cooling for low district heating return temperatures." Energy Reports 7 (October 2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.035.

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30

Moustakidis, Serafeim, Ioannis Meintanis, Nicos Karkanias, et al. "Innovative Technologies for District Heating and Cooling: InDeal Project." Proceedings 5, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019005001.

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The paper discusses the outcomes of the conference organized by the InDeal project. The conference took place on 12 December 2018 in Montpellier as part of the EnerGaia energy forum 2018. A holistic interdisciplinary approach for district heating and cooling (DHC) networks is presented that integrates heterogeneous innovative technologies from various scientific sectors. The solution is based on a multi-layer control and modelling framework that has been designed to minimize the total plant production costs and optimize heating/cooling distribution. Artificial intelligence tools are employed t

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31

Porter, R. W. "Economic distribution distance for cogenerated district heating and cooling." Energy 10, no. 7 (1985): 851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(85)90118-5.

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32

Sameti, Mohammad, and Fariborz Haghighat. "Optimization approaches in district heating and cooling thermal network." Energy and Buildings 140 (April 2017): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.01.062.

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33

Rodriguez-Aumente, Pedro A., María del Carmen Rodriguez-Hidalgo, José I. Nogueira, Antonio Lecuona, and María del Carmen Venegas. "District heating and cooling for business buildings in Madrid." Applied Thermal Engineering 50, no. 2 (2013): 1496–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.11.036.

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34

Balboa-Fernández, Martín, Miguel de Simón-Martín, Alberto González-Martínez, and Enrique Rosales-Asensio. "Analysis of District Heating and Cooling systems in Spain." Energy Reports 6 (December 2020): 532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.11.202.

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35

Dang, L. Minh, Le Quan Nguyen, Junyoung Nam, et al. "Fifth generation district heating and cooling: A comprehensive survey." Energy Reports 11 (June 2024): 1723–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2024.01.037.

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36

Simonsson, Johan, Khalid Tourkey Atta, Gerald Schweiger, and Wolfgang Birk. "Experiences from City-Scale Simulation of Thermal Grids." Resources 10, no. 2 (2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10020010.

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Dynamic simulation of district heating and cooling networks has an increased importance in the transition towards renewable energy sources and lower temperature district heating grids, as both temporal and spatial behavior need to be considered. Even though much research and development has been performed in the field, there are several pitfalls and challenges towards dynamic district heating and cooling simulation for everyday use. This article presents the experiences from developing and working with a city-scale simulator of a district heating grid located in Luleå, Sweden. The grid model i

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37

Pakere, Ieva, Marika Kacare, Lina Murauskaite, Pei Huang, and Anna Volkova. "Comparison of Suitable Business Models for the 5^th Generation District Heating System Implementation through Game Theory Approach." Environmental and Climate Technologies 27, no. 1 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2023-0001.

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Abstract District Heating and Cooling (DHC) technology is widely recognised as a promising solution for reducing primary energy consumption and emissions. The 5th Generation District Heating and Cooling (5GDHC) network is the latest DHC concept characterised by low-temperature supply, bi-directional heating network operation, decentralised energy flows, and surplus heat sharing. Unlike the 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) technology, the 5GDHC technology switched to a consumer/prosumer-oriented perspective. The introduction of 5GDHC solutions requires high investments, an important barri

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38

Volkova, Anna, Ieva Pakere, Lina Murauskaite, Pei Huang, Kertu Lepiksaar, and Xinxing Zhang. "5th generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) implementation potential in urban areas with existing district heating systems." Energy Reports 8 (November 2022): 10037–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.07.162.

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39

Jobard, Xavier, Pierryves Padey, Martin Guillaume, Alexis Duret, and Daniel Pahud. "Development and Testing of Novel Applications for Adsorption Heat Pumps and Chillers." Energies 13, no. 3 (2020): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030615.

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This work aims at the development and the experimental characterization of new applications for adsorption heat pumps and chillers driven by industrial waste heat or renewable sources that can provide heating and/or cooling. Adsorption technologies offer the advantage of providing heating and cooling from low temperature sources below 100 °C without using refrigerant with high Global Warming Potential and with very low electricity consumption. Therefore, the technology enables the use of large untapped heat sources, increasing the energy efficiency of the heating and cooling sector with very l

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40

Pieper, Henrik, Kertu Lepiksaar, and Anna Volkova. "GIS-based approach to identifying potential heat sources for heat pumps and chillers providing district heating and cooling." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 34 (May 25, 2022): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7021.

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Geographic information system (GIS) software has been essential for visualising and determining heating and cooling requirements, sources of industrial excess heat, natural bodies of water, and municipalities. Policymakers highly encourage the use of GIS software at all administrative levels. It is expected that the heating and cooling demand will continue to increase. For a reliable heat and cooling supply, we must identify heat sources that can be used to provide heat or for removing surplus heat. We propose a method for identifying possible heat sources for large heat pumps and chillers tha

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Aprile, Marcello, Rossano Scoccia, Alice Dénarié, et al. "District Power-To-Heat/Cool Complemented by Sewage Heat Recovery." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030364.

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District heating and cooling (DHC), when combined with waste or renewable energy sources, is an environmentally sound alternative to individual heating and cooling systems in buildings. In this work, the theoretical energy and economic performances of a DHC network complemented by compression heat pump and sewage heat exchanger are assessed through dynamic, year-round energy simulations. The proposed system comprises also a water storage and a PV plant. The study stems from the operational experience on a DHC network in Budapest, in which a new sewage heat recovery system is in place and provi

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42

Østergaard, Poul Alberg, Rasmus Magni Johannsen, Neven Duić, and Henrik Lund. "Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems and Smart Energy Systems." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 34 (May 25, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7269.

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This 34th volume of the International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management includes papers from the 2021 conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environmental Systems (SDEWES) held October 10-15, 2021, in Dubrovnik, Croatia as well as the 7th International Conference on Smart Energy Systems held September 21-22 in Copenhagen, Denmark and two normal papers. A focus area of this issue is district heating and district cooling systems, with articles addressing resources for district heating and cooling systems, impacts of having individual district heating metre

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43

Jessy, Mercy Paul. "A Critical Review on Efficiency of Integrated District Cooling Systems for Sustainable Smart Cities." Journal of Research in Infrastructure Designing 6, no. 2 (2023): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960753.

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<em>The cities consume an average of 75% of overall natural resources, worldwide energy production and contribute to about 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions. As a solution to this, a smart city is built through combination of various factors: Sustainability, Quality of life, urbanisation and smartness. One of the critical factors of smart cities are solution to local problems. The energy consumption is reduced by using integrated renewable systems. District cooling system in smart cities is one way out. This paper represents an approach to reduce the overall energy consumption by integrat

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44

Lalor, Jonathan, and Aaron Gillich. "Retrofitting a Fifth Generation District Heating and Cooling Network for Heating and Cooling in a UK Hospital Campus." Buildings 14, no. 8 (2024): 2442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082442.

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There is an increasingly rich literature on the decarbonisation of heat and the evolution of heat networks. This paper investigates whether a novel fifth Generation District Heating and Cooling Network (5GDHC) could be retrofitted to an existing National Health Service (NHS) hospital campus for the purpose of heating and cooling. The building load was simulated and input into a custom-written script to carry out a series of parametric studies and optimise design options. The model was calibrated against site data available from hospital facilities management. The research found that it is feas

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45

Boesten, Stef, Wilfried Ivens, Stefan C. Dekker, and Herman Eijdems. "5th generation district heating and cooling systems as a solution for renewable urban thermal energy supply." Advances in Geosciences 49 (September 20, 2019): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-49-129-2019.

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Abstract. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and decrease dependency on depleting fossil fuel resources the shift to a renewable energy system is necessary. District heating and cooling systems are a viable solution to provide heat and cold in urban environments. Renewable heat and cold sources that may get incorporated in future urban energy systems will not provide the same high temperature output as current fossil fuel fired systems. Fifth generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) systems are decentralized, bi-directional, close to ground temperature networks that use direct

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Battaglia, Vittoria, Francesca Ceglia, Davide Maria Laudiero, Alessandro Maione, Elisa Marrasso, and Laura Vanoli. "Empowering Energy Communities through Geothermal Systems." Energies 17, no. 5 (2024): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17051248.

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The Renewable Energy Directive II introduces renewable energy communities, enhancing energy sharing. However, many existing initiatives, focussing only on electricity, overlook the substantial energy demand in building sector comprising residential and commercial spaces. Energy communities in this sector can leverage district heating and cooling technology for thermal energy sharing, contributing to carbon neutrality by enhancing efficiency and reducing primary energy usage. Advanced strategies such as integrating renewables into heating and cooling grids, sector coupling, and utilising waste

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Guzzini, Alessandro, Marco Pellegrini, Edoardo Pelliconi, and Cesare Saccani. "Low Temperature District Heating: An Expert Opinion Survey." Energies 13, no. 4 (2020): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040810.

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Among the available solutions for building heating and cooling, district heating (DH) and district cooling (DC) systems are considered some of the best options since they can ensure a better control of pollutant emissions and greater efficiency than individual systems. Nevertheless, improvements are needed to increase their sustainability and reliability. The so-called “low temperature district heating” (LTDH) concept has been introduced in recent years in an attempt (i) to reduce the distribution heat losses through a temperature decrease in the DH network, (ii) to favor the integration with

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Franzén, Ida, Linnéa Nedar, and Maria Andersson. "Environmental Comparison of Energy Solutions for Heating and Cooling." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (2019): 7051. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247051.

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Humanity faces several environmental challenges today. The planet has limited resources, and it is necessary to use these resources effectively. This paper examines the environmental impact of three energy solutions for the heating and cooling of buildings. The solutions are conventional district heating and cooling, a smart energy solution for heating and cooling (ectogrid™), and geothermal energy. The ectogrid™ balances energy flows with higher and lower temperatures to reduce the need for supplied energy. The three solutions have been studied for Medicon Village, which is a district in the

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Sukumaran, Sreenath, Janika Laht, and Anna Volkova. "Overview of Solar Photovoltaic Applications for District Heating and Cooling." Environmental and Climate Technologies 27, no. 1 (2023): 964–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2023-0070.

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Abstract With the prevalent energy crisis and climate changes, decarbonising energy sector has become the need of the hour. An environmentally friendly way is the utilisation of solar energy which mainly involves the deployment of photovoltaic (PV) and/or solar thermal technology. Unlike electricity generation, the application of photovoltaics for the district heating & cooling (DHC) is relatively new. Also, this energy route is yet to be fully explored. This paper aims to provide an overview of the photovoltaic applications in the context of DHC sector. At first, the utilisation of solar

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Sulzer, Matthias, Sven Werner, Stefan Mennel, and Michael Wetter. "Vocabulary for the fourth generation of district heating and cooling." Smart Energy 1 (February 2021): 100003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2021.100003.

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