Relevant bibliographies by topics / Effective policy implementation and monitoring

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Effective policy implementation and monitoring'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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Quao, Kwami Hope. "Conceptual Framework for Enhancing the Implementation of Specific Microfinance Policies in Sub-Sahara Africa." International Journal of R&D Innovation Strategy 1, no. 1 (January 2019): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrdis.2019010103.

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Deficient policy formulation processes and inadequate monitoring and supervision remain factors impeding the growth of microfinance in sub-Saharan Africa. This article explores issues mitigating policy implementation for microfinance institutions to propose a framework that will integrate stakeholders in the microfinance sector for effective financial policy implementation and promotion of microfinance performance and growth. The article proposes financial monitoring policy ownership structure and argues for the creation of an independent national microfinance supervisory authority as an alternative to ensuring effective implementation of microfinance policies in Ghana. This framework, the authors argue, will enhance stakeholder engagement in police formulation and create the necessary implementation environment, with adequate information, in which policy implementation for microfinance will flourish.
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Hope Quao, Kwami, Lawrence M. Lekhanya, and Nirmala Dorasamy. "An investigation of the financial monitoring policies for microfinance institutions in Ghana." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(4).2017.09.

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The need to regulate microfinance institutions (MFIs) was advocated and researched yet lacks purposeful in-depth exploring studies of the formulation process of financial monitoring policies, their implementation and accompanying challenges. Consequently, this study contributes by reviewing the specific financial policies for microfinance in Ghana and assesses factors mitigating effective implementation of such policies. It also introduces implementation theory into the MF research arena, thus shifting MF research focus. The study revealed that policies formulated for MFIs in Ghana and elsewhere are skewed and policy implementation, monitoring and supervision found to be less effective. The results further identified inadequate support structures and large unlicensed profit-oriented informal microfinance operations in Ghana as major obstacles to efficient implementation of microfinance policies. This paper therefore recommends the creation of a semi-autonomous institution, the National Microfinance Oversight Authority, to license, regulate and supervise the informal microfinance institutions in Ghana.
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Schrama, Reini. "Swift, brokered and broad-based information exchange: how network structure facilitates stakeholders monitoring EU policy implementation." Journal of Public Policy 39, no. 4 (July 6, 2018): 565–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x1800017x.

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AbstractMonitoring the implementation process in domestic settings of multi-level policies like the EU gender directives is dependent on interactions among a diverse set of policy stakeholders. However, there is no clear understanding of which factors determine the structure of these monitoring networks and what benefits effective exchange. Drawing on insights from social network theory, literature on information politics in transnational networks and policy network analysis, this study analyses what drives information exchange among actors in the monitoring network of women’s groups in the Netherlands. Using Exponential Random Graph Models, the analysis reveals distinctive structural features facilitating efficient information exchange and significant brokerage in the monitoring network. Moreover, the results demonstrate that interactions that serve the purpose of monitoring EU policy implementation occur among a diverse set of actors in a multi-level structure. These findings indicate that effective monitoring requires resourceful and broad-based information exchange to increase transparency in the implementation process.
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Skjærseth, Jon Birger, Olav Schram Stokke, and Jørgen Wettestad. "Soft Law, Hard Law, and Effective Implementation of International Environmental Norms." Global Environmental Politics 6, no. 3 (August 2006): 104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.3.104.

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The article compares the interplay between soft law institutions and those based on hard law in international efforts to protect the North Sea, reduce transboundary air pollution, and discipline fisheries subsidies. Our cases confirm that ambitious norms are more easily achieved in soft law institutions than in legally binding ones, but not primarily because they bypass domestic ratification or fail to raise concerns for compliance costs. More important is the greater flexibility offered by soft law instruments with respect to participation and sectoral emphasis. Second, ambitious soft law regimes put political pressure on laggards in negotiations over binding rules, but this effect is contingent on factors such as political saliency and reasonably consensual risk and option assessment. Third, hard-law instruments are subject to more thorough negotiation and preparation which, unless substantive targets have been watered down, makes behavioral change and problem solving more likely. Finally, although most of the evidence presented here confirms the implementation edge conventionally ascribed to hard law institutions, the structures for intrusive verification and review that provide part of the explanation can also be created within soft law institutions.
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Uang, Randy, Eric Crosbie, and Stanton A. Glantz. "Smokefree implementation in Colombia: Monitoring, outside funding, and business support." Salud Pública de México 59, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/7884.

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Objective. To analyze successful national smokefree policy implementation in Colombia, a middle income country. Materials and methods. Key informants at the national and local levels were interviewed and news sources and government ministry resolutions were reviewed. Results.Colombia’s Ministry of Health coordinated local implementation practices, which were strongest in larger cities with supportive leadership. Nongovernmental organizations provided technical assistance and highlighted noncompliance. Organizations outside Colombia funded some of these efforts. The bar owners’ association provided concerted education campaigns. Tobacco interests did not openly challenge implementation. Conclusions. Health organization monitoring, external funding, and hospitality industry support contributed to effective implementation, and could be cultivated in other low and middle income countries.
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TWUM, ERIC. "BARRIERS TO THE BENEFITS, EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FINANCIAL ASSURANCE POLICY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASE STUDY OF GHANA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500117.

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This paper examines the barriers to the benefits, efficient and effective implementation of Environmental Financial Assurance (EFA) policy in developing countries with Ghana as case study. EFA is an international environmental regulatory policy and its implementation by a nation is thus perceived as integration into the international regulatory framework. It is an essential developmental regulatory policy that protects the public against the cost of mine clean up and loss of livelihoods, should a company refuse to complete its reclamation plan. However, evidence drawn from this study indicates that there are barriers and differences in approach to the efficient implementation of the policy in some developing countries as the zeal with which EFA policy was adopted as part of a policy reform to attract foreign investment to the mining sector has not been matched with the desired political will, expertise and economic growth to ensure the implementation of the policy.
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Lee, Christine, and Kendall Ho. "Knowledge to action framework for home health monitoring." Healthcare Management Forum 32, no. 4 (June 25, 2019): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419855364.

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Chronic disease management is a grand challenge, both to the patients for optimal management and to the overall health system with cost utilization. Emerging research evidence suggests that Home Health Monitoring (HHM) using home-based, remoting monitoring technologies can improve the patients’ quality of life, self-management, and achieve cost-effectiveness for the health system. How should HHM be introduced and integrated appropriately into the current healthcare delivery pathways to improve patient care and collect evidence of benefits simultaneously? The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework is an effective approach in the implementation science literature to methodically guide the translation of evidence-based research findings into practice, putting knowledge into practical use. This article examines the use of the seven-step KTA model to address implementation facilitators and barriers of applying HHM in chronic disease management and then focus on its applicability on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an example.
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Tewdwr-Jones, M. "The Development Plan in Policy Implementation." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 12, no. 2 (June 1994): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c120145.

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The ‘new’ planning system introduced in England and Wales by the Planning and Compensation Act 1991 has focused attention on the role of the development plan as a ‘material consideration’. Debate currently under way by planning lawyers and policymakers is concentrated on whether the plan is an effective implementation tool. This paper, through a case-study, provides a consideration of the problems the ‘new’ planning system has sought to tackle and is one of the first pieces of research since the introduction of the 1991 Act to include an assessment of the effectiveness of the British planning policy framework. It has been found that the use in the planning appeals system of what are termed ‘material considerations’ provides a clear indication of the effectiveness of local planning policies and, simultaneously, allows for assessments to be made of both the development control and the forward planning functions of local planning authorities (LPAs). An analysis of planning inspectors' decision letters has been used in this paper to identify the principal considerations in appeal determinations, indicating for the LPA how its development plan policies are operating in practice. The analysis shows the degree to which local policies are ‘standing up’ at appeal against other material considerations, especially national policy guidance from the Secretary of State. It can be seen that the scope of the term ‘material considerations’ is problematic for LPAs, and the relationship between local policies and national advice as principal considerations in appeal cases has caused a great deal of uncertainty and ambiguity. Finally, suggestions are given as to how local planning procedures can be improved in development control decisionmaking in the future under the provisions of section 54A of the 1990 Town and Country Planning Act.
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Zhang, ZhongXiang. "Toward an effective implementation of clean development mechanism projects in China." Energy Policy 34, no. 18 (December 2006): 3691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.08.014.

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Holman, Nancy. "Effective Strategy Implementation: Why Partnership Interconnectivity Matters." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 31, no. 1 (January 2013): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c11155r.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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Wolk, Jael Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Can government influence the effective development and implementation of hospital admission policy?" Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23398.

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It has consistently been documented in many countries and sectors that there are difficulties in implementing public policy effectively. A priori, the Australian health care system is no exception to this general proposition. While governments issue directives with particular goals in mind these goals are not always met, because of the modifications, interpretations or lack of uptake by targeted populations. However it is not clear the extent to which these difficulties occur in the public hospital sector, and we lack clear empirical data on this phenomenon. This thesis investigates the effects of a state government directive on the development and implementation of elective admission policies in New South Wales public hospitals. It did this by three separate but related studies that examined the impact of the directive at the hospitals??? management and staff levels. The first two studies were quantitative and qualitative surveys of hospital managers and admission staff. The management survey aimed to ascertain the extent to which managers responded to the directive in terms of developing and implementing hospital policies. The staff survey sought to investigate staff awareness and knowledge of the developed policies. The third study was a qualitative analysis of the policy contents to determine the extent to which they reflected the aims and objectives of the government directive guidelines. All three studies found a general lack of relevance and applicability of the government directive and its guidelines to individual hospital organisations. The manager survey showed a disconnection between the central government office responsible for implementing the directive and hospital managers??? perspectives. This was apparent by the lack of response to the directive by many hospitals and the fact that managers often passed on the task of implementing the directive and its guidelines to other hospital staff. The findings of the qualitative analysis of policies showed evidence of hospital strategies to manage pressures created by the directive. These difficulties were corroborated by the surveyed staff that reported difficulties in translating the directive???s requirements (as reflected by the hospital policy), into the reality of their daily work; a lack of organisational commitment to policy enforcement; and a suspicion regarding the directive???s political motives. The findings of this thesis show that, as with other public service sectors effective policy implementation in the public hospital arena is problematic, with government agendas frequently not aligned with the requirements of stakeholders, and inadequate understanding of implementation barriers. Recommendations are made regarding methods to improve the synchronicity of political directives with organisational realties in the public hospital sector.
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Ekong, Samuel Effiong. "Nigerian Policy on Child Labor: An Evaluation of the Education Sector Preparedness for Effective Policy Implementation." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1886.

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A number of studies have been conducted about policy failures in Nigeria; however, little is known about the state of stakeholders' readiness to implement any government policy. Using the functionalist theory of Durkheim and the infrastructure theory of Frischmann, the purpose of this exploratory case study was to evaluate the level of preparedness of the education sector to implement the Nigerian policy on child labor, which was adopted on September 11, 2013, by the federal executive council of Nigeria. Preparedness in this study was conceptualized as the ability of the education sector to absorb children of school-going-age who quit all forms of child labor activities and return to formal education in schools. Open-ended interviews elicited narratives from 30 participants purposefully drawn from the Northern, Central, and Southern Uruan Local Government Areas of Akwa Ibom State. Interview data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for emergent themes. The findings revealed that schools were evenly dispersed within the Uruan Local Government Area. However, the state of infrastructure in the schools, particularly in the rural communities, was in a condition of neglect with a high teacher-pupil ratio. There was a low incidence of child labor but a weak government enforcement strategy, particularly in the interior/riverine areas of the research population. This study leads to positive social change by creating awareness among policy makers that the various stakeholders in any public policy need to be equipped with adequate resources to minimize the incidence of policy failure in Nigeria.
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Penzhorn, Cecilia Elizabeth. "The implementation, monitoring and management of an effective legal deposit system for South Africa." Thesis, Pretoria : [S.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01252008-154244/.

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Mutcheson, Ryan Brock. "Diagnostic Modeling of Intra-Organizational Mechanisms for Supporting Policy Implementation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81307.

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The Virginia Guidelines for Uniform Performance Standards and Evaluation Criteria for Teachers represented a significant overhaul of conventional teacher evaluation criteria in Virginia. The policy outlined seven performance standards by which all Virginia teachers would be evaluated. This study explored the application of cognitive diagnostic modeling to measure teachers' perceptions of intra-organizational mechanisms available to support educational professionals in implementing this policy. It was found that a coarse-grained, four-attribute compensatory, re-parameterized unified model (C-RUM) fit teacher perception data better and had lower standard errors than the competing finer-grained models. The Q-matrix accounted for the complex loadings of items to the four theoretically and empirically driven mechanisms of implementation support including characteristics of the policy, teachers, leadership, and the organization. The mechanisms were positively, significantly, and moderately correlated which suggested that each mechanism captured a different, yet related, component of policy implementation support. The diagnostic profile estimates indicated that the majority of teachers perceived support on items relating to "characteristics of teachers." Moreover, almost 60% of teachers were estimated to belong to profiles with perceived support on "characteristics of the policy." Finally, multiple group multinomial log-linear models (Xu and Von Davier, 2008) were used to analyze the data across subjects, grade levels, and career status. There was lower perceived support by STEM teachers than non-STEM teachers who have the same profile, suggesting that STEM teachers required differential support than non-STEM teachers. The precise diagnostic feedback on the implementation process provided by this application of diagnostic models will be beneficial to policy makers and educational leaders. Specifically, they will be better prepared to identify strengths and weaknesses and target resources for a more efficient, and potentially more effective, policy implementation process. It is assumed that when equipped with more precise diagnostic feedback, policy makers and school leaders may be able to more confidently engage in empirical decision making, especially in regards to targeting resources for short-term and long-term organizational goals subsumed within the policy implementation initiative.
Ph. D.
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Soule, Ann Catherine. "Deficiencies in wetland project planning, review and implementation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1990_637_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Johns, Lynne Andrea. "The implementation of continuing professional teacher development policy in the Western Cape : constraints and opportunities." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2817.

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Thesis (MEd)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.
Continuing Professional Teacher Development (CPTD) policy is an initiative intended to up-skill teachers, and in so doing improve schooling and learner achievement. CPTD involves the participation of teachers in various developmental activities for which they earn CPTD points. The professional development of teachers in South Africa has been erratic and, as a consequence, there has been a decline in the quality of teachers. Despite there being formal structures in place, policy implementation continues to be a problem. The purpose of this study was to identify constraints and opportunities regarding CPTD policy implementation in the Western Cape. The research tradition of interpretivism was chosen, allowing for a qualitative case study design to be employed. The non-probability sampling method was used to select a purposive sample of three WCED officials and four school principals. Convenience sampling was applied in identifying 24 teachers. Other data were drawn from policy documents. The study was conducted in an urban and rural district within the Western Cape. This study is significant in that it informs policy makers and implementers, and other stakeholders about the constraints and opportunities with regard to CPTD implementation and in so doing, paves the way for more effective implementation. Findings revealed that constraints outweighed opportunities. In spite of time constraints, principals and teachers reported that they are in support of professional development, but are not in support of the CPTD management system implemented by SACE. They do not agree with the one-size-fits-all approach to implementation, nor the focus of development being the collection of CPTD points. It is thus deemed that a review of the CPTD policy is necessary in order to clear the misconception that accumulation of PD points is the primary focus of CPTD. Granted, teachers would still need to collect points to monitor their growth. A recommendation is made in this study to improve the system and ensure that it is functional and accessible to all teachers at all times, including those in rural districts.
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Rashid, Rosli Abdul. "A model for an effective implementation of the government technology transfer policy in the Malaysian construction industry." Thesis, University of Reading, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393576.

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Harvey, Linda Joan. "Effective implementation of the B.C. Fish Protection Act Draft Streamside Protection Policy Directives, a step toward community sustainability." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59440.pdf.

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Makiva, Msuthukazi. "A critical evaluation of institutional architecture for effective policy implementation, oversight and accountability in the energy sector of South Africa: a petroleum perspective." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4675.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
Coordination, Collaboration, and Cooperation, (C04); Community (C01) Driven Development (D2) minus Historical Institutionalisation (HI) is equal to Policy Implementation Effectiveness (PIE), is recommended by the researcher to improve results. Trends in compiled data were analysed with regards to legislative oversight and accountability in the petroleum industry, using the OECD/ DAC evaluation criteria. In terms of relevance, effectiveness, and efficiency, the researcher discovered a partial link between the activities performed by parliamentarians representing the petroleum industry where HDSA transformation is concerned. It was concluded that electrical energy generation and distribution throughout the five-year period drew more focus in terms of oversight than on other sectors. It was further noted that oversight and accountability could have been applied more efficiently if input were linked to policy objectives and activities. This resulted in only partial or limited HDSA transformation in the petroleum industry. When it comes to sustainability the researcher argued that despite the apparent long-term stability of parliamentary activities, such stability may not translate to sufficient oversight and accountability to ensure sustainable transformation in the petroleum industry. It was concluded that while oversight and accountability was being applied to one specific arena, other areas in need of transformation did not receive sufficient, or indeed any, legislative oversight. The facilitation model: Communication, Coordination, Collaboration, and Cooperation, (C04); and Community (C01) Driven Oversight and Accountability (D1OA) is recommended by the researcher to improve effective oversight and accountability. Thus, Effective (A + O) = C04 + C01 /D1OA equals to (A + O)e = C205 / D1OA.
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Oguagha, Udechukwu Offordile. "A critical evaluation of the effectiveness of local content policy (LCP) and transparency practices in LCP implementation in the Nigerian oil and gas industry." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2742.

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One of the aims of the Local Content Policy (LCP) is the economic development of Nigeria through the utilisation of local personnel and resources in the activities of the Nigerian oil and gas industry. Many studies have investigated the LCP, but limited work has been undertaken in investigating the transparency practices involved in the implementation of the LCP in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. The study critically evaluates the effectiveness of the LCP and the transparency practices associated with its implementation. A conceptual framework based on accountability was developed and employed in designing the research instrument. This framework was underpinned by the institutional theory, which links accountability discourse to regulatory institutions where organisations within a particular field are subject to pressures to exhibit legitimacy through socially and culturally authorised administrative routines that are intended to render accountability. The study employed a qualitative methodology and the data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with respondents from twenty-three indigenous oil and gas companies, regulatory bodies, international oil and gas companies and non-governmental organizations. The research findings demonstrate that the various LCP stakeholders’ views on the definition and purpose of the LCP differ significantly. These diverse opinions affect the way in which the LCP is perceived and implemented in the oil and gas industry. The study has been instrumental in revealing a number of positive effects the LCP has generated since its implementation in the Nigerian oil and gas industry. For example, the LCP compelled IOCs to utilise local resources in their operations, resulting in the domestication of oil and gas activities. However, the findings also reveal that the LCP has been enforced despite the lack of local capacity and capability for its implementation. The findings, therefore, highlight a number of challenges associated with LCP implementation including: the lack of infrastructure; insufficient capital and manpower; absence of trust; and the lack of coordination between the regulatory agencies in the industry. The research findings also reveal that there are different levels of transparency in the implementation of LCP. Determination of the level of transparency in LCP implementation and compliance monitoring is at the discretion of the NCDMB and the oil and gas companies, which unfortunately facilitates corrupt practices. Therefore, this study argues that significant improvements are required in transparency practices in LCP implementation by strengthening the LCP’s monitoring and enforcement process. Further, enforcement should strictly be the responsibility of the NCDMB, with no interference from the Nigerian government. Some further recommendations arising from this research include the need for investment in infrastructure that will facilitate indigenous companies’ participation in the industry. Also, efforts should be made to promote partnership and collaboration between indigenous companies and IOCs, encouraging investment in world-class infrastructure that can compete with international standards. To foster this partnership, the government and IOCs must invest in educational institutions which could boost the knowledge and capacity of Nigerians. The research concludes with the development of two new models: (1) The LCP stakeholder perception model; and, (2) The LCP implementation model. These models, which are the main contributions of knowledge arising from this thesis, will potentially aid the effective implementation of the recommendations arising from this study.
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Books on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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United States. Government Accountability Office. National animal identification system: USDA needs to resolve several key implementation issues to archieve rapid and effective disease traceback : report to the Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2007.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. National animal identification system: USDA needs to resolve several key implementation issues to archieve rapid and effective disease traceback : report to the Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2007.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. National animal identification system: USDA needs to resolve several key implementation issues to archieve rapid and effective disease traceback : report to the Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2007.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. National animal identification system: USDA needs to resolve several key implementation issues to archieve rapid and effective disease traceback : report to the Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2007.

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Mumtaz, Khawar. Monitoring implementation of the SAARC social charter in Pakistan. Kathmandu: South Asia Centre for Policy Studies, 2006.

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Kimenyi, Mwangi S. Effective private sector representation in policy formulation and implementation. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, 2001.

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Pfahl, Stefanie. External constraints on effective implementation of European environmental policy. Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin, 1997.

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Adhikari, Shyam Prasad. Citizen's social charter in Nepal: Implementation monitoring report. Kathmandu: South Asia Centre for Policy Studies, 2006.

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Studies, South Asia Centre for Policy. Monitoring implementation of the SAARC social charter in Sri Lanka. Kathmandu: South Asia Centre for Policy Studies, 2006.

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Sushko, Oleksander. Implementation of the effective border policy for Ukraine: Final report. Kyiv: Center for Peace, Conversion and Foreign Policy of Ukraine, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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Steunenberg, Bernard. "Domestic Veto Players, Commission Monitoring and the Implementation of European Policy." In Reform Processes and Policy Change, 213–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5809-9_10.

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Saksena, Mita. "Framing Infectious Diseases: Effective Policy Implementation and United States Public Opinion." In Doing Qualitative Research in Politics, 111–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72230-6_6.

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Puccio, Laura, and Roderick Harte. "The European Parliament’s Role in Monitoring the Implementation of EU Trade Policy." In European Administrative Governance, 387–412. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97391-3_18.

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Irizepova, Margarita S., Lyubov V. Perekrestova, Leyla A. Mytareva, Elena S. Starostina, and Olga V. Fisher. "Influence of State Tax Monitoring on the Russian Federation’s Economic Policy Implementation." In Contributions to Economics, 635–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60696-5_80.

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Litvinova, Tatyana N. "The Model of Development and Implementation of Effective Tax Policy in Modern Russia." In Optimization of the Taxation System: Preconditions, Tendencies and Perspectives, 153–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01514-5_18.

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Wyrick, David A., Ganapathy Natarajan, and Chinweike I. Eseonu. "Technology Policy for Promoting Environmental Sustainability in SMEs: Issues and Considerations for Effective Implementation." In Advances in Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing Systems, 1237–48. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00557-7_101.

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Bhattacharya, Debapriya, Victoria Gonsior, and Hannes Öhler. "The Implementation of the SDGs: The Feasibility of Using the GPEDC Monitoring Framework." In The Palgrave Handbook of Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda, 309–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57938-8_14.

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AbstractAchieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires significant behavioural changes from a variety of actors, including actors in development cooperation. Within this context, this chapter discusses important political as well as technical factors that influence the contribution of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Co-operation (GPEDC) and its monitoring framework to the implementation of the SDGs. These are, among other things, the complementarity of the GPEDC monitoring framework to the SDGs; the limited enthusiasm of development partners from the Global South, in particular China and India; the limited attention paid to the platform in general and the monitoring framework in particular by member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); as well as the missing interpretative evaluations and follow-up processes in the aftermath of the respective monitoring rounds.
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Lysack, Michael (Mishka). "Best Practices in Effective Climate Policy Implementation, Governance, and Accountability: The UK Committee on Climate Change." In Energy Humanities. Current State and Future Directions, 89–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57480-2_6.

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Zoccal, Geovana. "Triangular Cooperation: Enabling Policy Spaces." In The Palgrave Handbook of Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda, 583–603. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57938-8_27.

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AbstractIn the past decade, a number of studies, reports, and data have been produced on triangular cooperation (TrC). The focus of these publications is mainly on (i) the project level and/or (ii) political relations between stakeholders. I argue that, beyond being an effective modality for the implementation of development projects, TrC is an enabler of policy negotiation spaces. Through TrC, the clashes of traditional principles and practices with a new narrative of Southern providers are loosened, enabling spaces that do not directly confront contested political positions jeopardising the dialogue. The chapter identifies that TrC serves as a bridge for coordination between stakeholders. Findings suggest that it has been used for sharing costs and solutions as well as for the development of joint guidelines and processes.
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Tutt, Norman. "Why have social services failed to capitalise on monitoring and evaluation systems?" In Effective Policy, Planning and Implementation, 5–16. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429449765-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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Wellman, D. M., M. D. Freshley, M. J. Truex, and M. H. Lee. "Deep Vadose Zone Remediation: Technical and Policy Challenges, Opportunities, and Progress in Achieving Cleanup Endpoints." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96011.

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Current requirements for site remediation and closure are standards-based and are often overly conservative, costly, and in some cases, technically impractical. Use of risk-informed alternate endpoints provides a means to achieve remediation goals that are permitted by regulations and are protective of human health and the environment. Alternate endpoints enable the establishment of a path for cleanup that may include intermediate remedial milestones and transition points and/or regulatory alternatives to standards-based remediation. A framework is presented that is centered around developing and refining conceptual models in conjunction with assessing risks and potential endpoints as part of a system-based assessment that integrates site data with scientific understanding of processes that control the distribution and transport of contaminants in the subsurface and pathways to receptors. This system-based assessment and subsequent implementation of the remediation strategy with appropriate monitoring are targeted at providing a holistic approach to addressing risks to human health and the environment. This holistic approach also enables effective predictive analysis of contaminant behavior to provide defensible criteria and data for making long-term decisions. Developing and implementing an alternate endpoint-based approach for remediation and waste site closure presents a number of challenges and opportunities. Categories of these challenges include scientific and technical, regulatory, institutional, and budget and resource allocation issues. Opportunities exist for developing and implementing systems-based approaches with respect to supportive characterization, monitoring, predictive modeling, and remediation approaches.
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Ткаченко, Р. А. "Familistic Expertise of the Educational System of a General Education Organization." In Современное образование: векторы развития. Роль социально-гуманитарного знания в подготовке педагога: материалы V международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 27 апреля – 25 мая 2020 г.). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2020.93.69.044.

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создание и развитие воспитательной системы общеобразовательной организации – адекватный и эффективный ответ на возрастающее значение воспитания в системе общего образования. Проведение фамилистической экспертизы на этапах проектирования и контроля развития воспитательной системы позволит учесть нормативные требования к содержанию воспитания в части соответствия семейной политики, а также обеспечить реализацию приоритетного права родителей на воспитание своих детей. the creation and development of the educational system of General educational organizations is an adequate and effective response to the growing importance of education in the General education system. Holding familistical expertise in designing and monitoring the development of the educational system will take into account regulatory requirements for the content of education in terms of family policy, and to ensure the implementation of priority rights of parents to raise their children.
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Martirosova, N. V., and A. M. Ksenofontov. "Features of professional psychological selection, as an integral part of the system of primary prevention of occupational deformity." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.897.906.

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The article deals with the issues of professional psychological selection in the internal Affairs bodies as an integral part of the system of measures to prevent professional deformation in service collectives. The implementation of the measures organized on the basis of monitoring of data received by psychologists of internal Affairs bodies is aimed at maintaining and improving the efficiency of the police. The purpose of this area of work of psychologists is to equip police service teams with reliable employees who meet the requirements of the modern legal state. The presented materials consider the practice of implementing by police psychologists the decree Of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 06, 2012 No. 1259 «on approval of the Rules of professional psychological selection for service in the internal Affairs bodies of the Russian Federation». The materials are consistent with the results of research conducted by Russian and foreign researchers. The conclusions are based on a comparative analysis of the results of the work of the Commission on psychological selection of the regional Department of the Ministry of internal Affairs. Describes some of the individual characteristics of the persons who were refused admission to the service. Individual factors that hinder the process of effective adaptation in service teams are listed, as well as the role of early maladaptive schemes in the process of adaptation. Individual and environmental factors of influence on the formation and development of deforming influence on employees in the course of performance of official activities are presented, based on the analysis of incidents that occurred in collectives in the period 2018–2020. The article deals with the actual difficulties of practical implementation of psychological selection for service as the basis for early prevention of professional deformation in the service collectives of internal Affairs bodies.
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Gunter, Carl A. "Security Policy Implementation Strategies for Common Carrier Monitoring Service Providers." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks - POLICY. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/policy.2009.41.

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Chaudhari, Apurva, Bhushan Mapari, and Shreenivas Jog. "Effective Environmental Monitoring & Domestic Home Conditions by Implementation of IoT." In 2018 Fourth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccubea.2018.8697481.

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Rasheed Rahil, M. A., M. Waleed, S. Almajid, N. Bucheeri, and Z. Bahri. "Design and implementation of a cost-effective smart heart monitoring system." In 3rd Smart Cities Symposium (SCS 2020). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0924.

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Jin-Doo Jeong, Jinsoo Han, Chang-Sic Choi, Wan-Ki Park, Il-Woo Lee, and Jong-Wha Chong. "Implementation and demonstration of cost-effective wireless monitoring module for PV system." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2017.7889339.

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Shutt, Mark. "Implementation of Snubber Service-Life Monitoring Programs." In ASME/NRC 2014 12th Valves, Pumps, and Inservice Testing Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nrc2014-5033.

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A well-planned and -implemented service-life program which is properly used can reduce the need for extended testing and examination activities and can result in a cost-effective overall program. Service-life monitoring is an essential part of an effective snubber program, yet it is often the least detailed and most overlooked aspect. Because of the historical emphasis on examination and testing requirements, there has been little industry-wide consistency or emphasis on the specifics of service-life monitoring activities. This paper will identify the purpose and basis for snubber service-life requirements, as well as outline key elements of an effective program to both identify service-life values and monitor them over periods of extended plant operation. Included in the discussion will be topics such as: Identifying regulatory and code requirements, determining the scope of the program, establishing original service-life values, monitoring and evaluation, adjusting values, program documentation, and reporting. Identifying pertinent parameters for monitoring, appropriate methods for monitoring and trending, and incorporating condition monitoring and preventive-maintenance activities as alternatives to traditional programs will be discussed. Common challenges to implementing an effective program will be addressed, as well as some pitfalls to be avoided. Paper published with permission.
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Mahatma, Kodrat, and Muhammad Ridwan. "Social Media Based Policy Implementation Monitoring System: A Design Exploration of YouTube Posting Utilization." In 2019 International Congress on Applied Information Technology (AIT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ait49014.2019.9144777.

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Gupta, Ishaan, Srivathsan Chakaravarthi Narasimman, Ravula Sugunakar Reddy, Justin Dauwels, and Abhisek Ukil. "Implementation of a Cost Effective Gas Pipeline Monitoring System for Water Ingress Detection." In 2018 IEEE 39th Sarnoff Symposium. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sarnof.2018.8720434.

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Reports on the topic "Effective policy implementation and monitoring"

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Colomb, Claire, and Tatiana Moreira de Souza. Regulating Short-Term Rentals: Platform-based property rentals in European cities: the policy debates. Property Research Trust, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52915/kkkd3578.

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Short-term rentals mediated by digital platforms have positive and negative impacts that are unevenly distributed among socio-economic groups and places. Detrimental impacts on the housing market and quality of life of long-term residents have been particular contentious in some cities. • In the 12 cities studied in the report (Amsterdam, Barcelona, Berlin, Brussels, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, Prague, Rome and Vienna), city governments have responded differently to the growth of short-term rentals. • The emerging local regulations of short-term rentals take multiple forms and exhibit various degrees of stringency, ranging from rare cases of laissez-faire to a few cases of partial prohibition or strict quantitative control. Most city governments have sought to find a middle-ground approach that differentiates between the professional rental of whole units and the occasional rental of one’s home/ primary residence. • The regulation of short-term rentals is contentious and highly politicised. Six broad categories of interest groups and non-state actors actively participate in the debates with contrasting positions: advocates of the ‘sharing’ or ‘collaborative’ economy; corporate platforms; professional organisatons of short-term rental operators; new associations of hosts or ‘home-sharers’; the hotel and hospitality industry; and residents’ associations/citizens’ movements. • All city governments face difficulties in implementing and enforcing the regulations, due to a lack of sufficient resources and to the absence of accurate and comprehensive data on individual hosts. That data is held by corporate platforms, which have generally not accepted to release it (with a few exceptions) nor to monitor the content of their listings against local rules. • The relationships between platforms and city governments have oscillated between collaboration and conflict. Effective implementation is impossible without the cooperation of platforms. • In the context of the European Union, the debate has taken a supranational dimension, as two pieces of EU law frame the possibility — and acceptable forms — of regulation of online platforms and of short-term rentals in EU member states: the 2000 E-Commerce Directive and the 2006 Services Directive. • For regulation to be effective, the EU legal framework should be revised to ensure platform account- ability and data disclosure. This would allow city (and other ti ers of) governments to effectively enforce the regulations that they deem appropriate. • Besides, national and regional governments, who often control the legislative framework that defines particular types of short-term rentals, need to give local governments the necessary tools to be able to exercise their ‘right to regulate’ in the name of public interest objectives.
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, and Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.

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Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.
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Birch, Izzy. Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Institutional and Monitoring Mechanisms. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.005.

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The focus of this paper is on the complementary mechanisms and interventions likely to increase the effectiveness and impact of conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes in South Asia that aim to reduce female infanticide and child marriage and promote girls’ education. The literature on the institutional aspects of these particular schemes is limited, but from this and from the wider literature on CCT programmes in similar contexts, the following institutional mechanisms are likely to enhance success: a strong information and communication strategy that enhances programme reach and coverage and ensures stakeholder awareness; advance agreements with financial institutions; a simple and flexible registration process; appropriate use of technology to strengthen access, disbursement, and oversight; adequate implementation capacity to support processes of outreach, enrolment, and monitoring; monitoring and accountability mechanisms embedded in programme design; coordination mechanisms across government across social protection schemes; an effective management information system; and the provision of quality services in the sectors for which conditions are required. There is a very limited body of evidence that explores these institutional issues as they apply to the specific CCT programmes that are the focus of this report, however, there is more available evidence of the potential impact of ‘cash-plus’ programmes, which complement the transfers with other interventions designed to enhance their results or address the structural barriers to well-being
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Arce, Eliécer, and Edgar A. Robles. Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Costa Rica and Panama: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy? Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003071.

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This paper aims to provide evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on public investment, fiscal results and growth in Costa Rica and Panama. First, we find that the budget formulation process and the political economy behind the adoption and compliance of fiscal rules explain that Panama has a bias to create and sequentially pile up rules, while Costa Rica has a tendency not to comply with them. Second, a retrospective analysis of the 2018 fiscal rules in both nations finds asymmetric effects on the fiscal results. In Panama it is difficult to separate the effect of fiscal rule designs on public investment; and, in Costa Rica, the application of the fiscal rule will decrease public investment, if the debt to GDP ratio exceeds 60 percent and current expenditure crowds out capital expenditure. Two lessons emerge. First, an effective fiscal rule compliance requires time consistent institutions, solid monitoring, enforcement schemes and improving the quality of public financial management systems. Second, it is necessary to review the design of fiscal rules in both countries to ensure they are investment and growth friendly.
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Sarofim, Samer. Developing an Effective Targeted Mobile Application to Enhance Transportation Safety and Use of Active Transportation Modes in Fresno County: The Role of Application Design & Content. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2013.

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This research empirically investigates the need for, and the effective design and content of, a proposed mobile application that is targeted at pedestrians and cyclists in Fresno County. The differential effect of the proposed mobile app name and colors on the target audience opinions was examined. Further, app content and features were evaluated for importance and the likelihood of use. This included design appeal, attractiveness, relevance, ease of navigation, usefulness of functions, personalization and customization, message recipients’ attitudes towards message framing, and intended behaviors related to pedestrian, cyclist, and motorist traffic safety practices. Design mobile application features tested included image aesthetics, coherence and organization, and memorability and distinction. Potential engagement with the mobile app was assessed via measuring the users’ perceived enjoyment while using the app. The behavioral intentions to adopt the app and likelihood to recommend the app were assessed. The willingness to pay for purchasing the app was measured. This research provided evidence that a mobile application designed for pedestrians and cyclists is needed, with high intentions for its adoption. Functions, such as Safety Information, Weather Conditions, Guide to Trails, Events for Walkers and Bikers, and Promotional Offers are deemed important by the target population. This research was conducted in an effort to increase active transportation mode utilization and to enhance the safety of vulnerable road users. The public, city administrators, transportation authorities, and policy makers shall benefit from the results of this study by adapting the design and the features that are proposed in this research and were found appealing and useful for the target vulnerable road user groups. The need of the proposed mobile application and its main functions are established, based on the results of this research, which propagates further steps of implementation by city administrators and transportation authorities.
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Ng, Shu Wen, Thomas Hoerger, and Rachel Nugent. Preventing Non-communicable Diseases Using Pricing Policies: Lessons for the United States from Global Experiences and Local Pilots. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.pb.0025.2105.

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Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in an effective and sustainable way will require forward-looking policy solutions that can address multiple objectives. This was true pre–COVID-19 and is even more true now. There are already examples from across the globe and within the United States that show how these may be possible. Although there are still many unknowns around how the design, targeting, level, sequencing, integration, and implementation of fiscal policies together can maximize their NCD prevention potential, there is already clear evidence that health taxes and particularly sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are cost-effective. Nonetheless, policies alone may not succeed. Political will to prioritize well-being, protections against industry interference, and public buy-in are necessary. If those elements align, pricing policies that consider the context in question can be designed and implemented to achieve several goals around reducing consumption of unhealthy SSBs and foods, narrowing existing nutritional and health disparities, encouraging economic and social development. The US and its local and state jurisdictions should consider these pricing policy issues and their contexts carefully, in collaboration with community partners and researchers, to design multi-duty actions and to be prepared for future windows of opportunities to open for policy passage and implementation.
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Sembler, Jose Ignacio, Ana María Linares, Clara Schettino, Nathaniel Russell, Stephany Maqueda, Lina Pedraza, Melanie Putic, Thaís Soares Oliveira, and Alejandro Ahumada. Evaluation of the Independent Consultation and Investigation Mechanism (MICI) 2021. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003215.

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This evaluation is in response to a request from the Boards of Executive Directors of the IDB and IDB Invest for OVE to independently examine the MICI policy and its implementation pursuant to the requirement established in the respective policies of each institution. The aim of this evaluation is to inform the Boards of Executive Directors of the IDB and IDB Invest on the extent to which, under its current policy framework, the MICI has been effective and efficient in (i) resolving the complaints it receives concerning environmental and social impacts of projects due to alleged noncompliance with the IDB Group's environmental and social safeguards policies and standards; and (ii) promoting institutional learning with regard to environmental and social safeguards and standards and their implementation in IDB Group projects. In addition, the evaluation is aimed at reporting on the mechanism's accessibility to requesters and the extent to which the MICI has performed its duties independently, objectively, impartially, and transparently.
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Pichler, Rupert. The Research Financing Act. A New Framework for Publicly Funded Research in Austria and its Impact on Evaluation. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2021.514.

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On 7 July 2020, the National Council – the first chamber of the Austrian Parliament – passed a package of legislation introducing a new framework for the methods of allocating federal budgets to research, technology, and innovation (RTI). Its core is the Research Financing Act (RFA), complemented by several amendments to existing laws that are necessary for its implementation. Entry into force was on 25 July 2020, the amendments became effective as of 1 January 2021 (BGBl1. I No. 75/20202). The RFA is the biggest legislative project in the field of RTI policy since 2004 when the Research Funding Agency (FFG) was established (Pichler et al. 2007, pp. 329-336; Stampfer et al. 2010, pp. 775-776). For the first time, budget law regulations are now aligned with the needs of institutions performing or funding RTI (Pichler 2021). This article outlines the background and content of the RFA and concludes with a view on the significance of evaluation within the new system.
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Olsen, Laurie. The PROMISE Model: An English-Learner Focused Approach to School Reform. Loyola Marymount University, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.3.

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Findings from a 3-year (2006-2009) evaluation of the PROMISE Model pilot are presented in this policy brief that seeks to address three questions: 1) What is the PROMISE Model ?; 2) What changes occurred in schools as a results of implementing the PROMISE Model ?; and 3) What are the lessons learned from the PROMISE Model pilot that can contribute to an understanding of school reform for English Learners? A qualitative, ethnographic approach allowed for exploration of the research questions. The researcher identified five foundational elements to the PROMISE Model. Implementation of the PROMISE Model increased use of EL specific research-based approaches to student grouping, placement, instruction, school structures, curriculum choices, program design and practices in addition to more knowledgeable and advocacy-oriented leaders and distributive leadership. The brief presents five lessons learned that contribute to a deeper understanding of the impact of a school reform model on English Learners. Two policy recommendations include: 1) broadly disseminate research on effective EL education and provide an infrastructure of support with EL expertise; and 2) adopt the PROMISE Model or components of the model as a viable school improvement strategy.
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Petrie, John, Yan Qi, Mark Cornwell, Md Al Adib Sarker, Pranesh Biswas, Sen Du, and Xianming Shi. Design of Living Barriers to Reduce the Impacts of Snowdrifts on Illinois Freeways. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-019.

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Blowing snow accounts for a large part of Illinois Department of Transportation’s total winter maintenance expenditures. This project aims to develop recommendations on the design and placement of living snow fences (LSFs) to minimize snowdrift on Illinois highways. The research team examined historical IDOT data for resource expenditures, conducted a literature review and survey of northern agencies, developed and validated a numerical model, field tested selected LSFs, and used a model to assist LSF design. Field testing revealed that the proper snow fence setback distance should consider the local prevailing winter weather conditions, and snow fences within the right-of-way could still be beneficial to agencies. A series of numerical simulations of flow around porous fences were performed using Flow-3D, a computational fluid dynamics software. The results of the simulations of the validated model were employed to develop design guidelines for siting LSFs on flat terrain and for those with mild slopes (< 15° from horizontal). Guidance is provided for determining fence setback, wind characteristics, fence orientation, as well as fence height and porosity. Fences comprised of multiple rows are also addressed. For sites with embankments with steeper slopes, guidelines are provided that include a fence at the base and one or more fence on the embankment. The design procedure can use the available right-of-way at a site to determine the appropriate fence characteristics (e.g., height and porosity) to prevent snow deposition on the road. The procedure developed in this work provides an alternative that uses available setback to design the fence. This approach does not consider snow transport over an entire season and may be less effective in years with several large snowfall events, very large single events, or a sequence of small events with little snowmelt in between. However, this procedure is expected to be effective for more frequent snowfall events such as those that occurred over the field-monitoring period. Recommendations were made to facilitate the implementation of research results by IDOT. The recommendations include a proposed process flow for establishing LSFs for Illinois highways, LSF siting and design guidelines (along with a list of suitable plant species for LSFs), as well as other implementation considerations and identified research needs.
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