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Journal articles on the topic 'Effective policy implementation and monitoring'
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Quao, Kwami Hope. "Conceptual Framework for Enhancing the Implementation of Specific Microfinance Policies in Sub-Sahara Africa." International Journal of R&D Innovation Strategy 1, no. 1 (January 2019): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrdis.2019010103.
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Deficient policy formulation processes and inadequate monitoring and supervision remain factors impeding the growth of microfinance in sub-Saharan Africa. This article explores issues mitigating policy implementation for microfinance institutions to propose a framework that will integrate stakeholders in the microfinance sector for effective financial policy implementation and promotion of microfinance performance and growth. The article proposes financial monitoring policy ownership structure and argues for the creation of an independent national microfinance supervisory authority as an alternative to ensuring effective implementation of microfinance policies in Ghana. This framework, the authors argue, will enhance stakeholder engagement in police formulation and create the necessary implementation environment, with adequate information, in which policy implementation for microfinance will flourish.
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Hope Quao, Kwami, Lawrence M. Lekhanya, and Nirmala Dorasamy. "An investigation of the financial monitoring policies for microfinance institutions in Ghana." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(4).2017.09.
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The need to regulate microfinance institutions (MFIs) was advocated and researched yet lacks purposeful in-depth exploring studies of the formulation process of financial monitoring policies, their implementation and accompanying challenges. Consequently, this study contributes by reviewing the specific financial policies for microfinance in Ghana and assesses factors mitigating effective implementation of such policies. It also introduces implementation theory into the MF research arena, thus shifting MF research focus. The study revealed that policies formulated for MFIs in Ghana and elsewhere are skewed and policy implementation, monitoring and supervision found to be less effective. The results further identified inadequate support structures and large unlicensed profit-oriented informal microfinance operations in Ghana as major obstacles to efficient implementation of microfinance policies. This paper therefore recommends the creation of a semi-autonomous institution, the National Microfinance Oversight Authority, to license, regulate and supervise the informal microfinance institutions in Ghana.
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Schrama, Reini. "Swift, brokered and broad-based information exchange: how network structure facilitates stakeholders monitoring EU policy implementation." Journal of Public Policy 39, no. 4 (July 6, 2018): 565–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x1800017x.
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AbstractMonitoring the implementation process in domestic settings of multi-level policies like the EU gender directives is dependent on interactions among a diverse set of policy stakeholders. However, there is no clear understanding of which factors determine the structure of these monitoring networks and what benefits effective exchange. Drawing on insights from social network theory, literature on information politics in transnational networks and policy network analysis, this study analyses what drives information exchange among actors in the monitoring network of women’s groups in the Netherlands. Using Exponential Random Graph Models, the analysis reveals distinctive structural features facilitating efficient information exchange and significant brokerage in the monitoring network. Moreover, the results demonstrate that interactions that serve the purpose of monitoring EU policy implementation occur among a diverse set of actors in a multi-level structure. These findings indicate that effective monitoring requires resourceful and broad-based information exchange to increase transparency in the implementation process.
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Skjærseth, Jon Birger, Olav Schram Stokke, and Jørgen Wettestad. "Soft Law, Hard Law, and Effective Implementation of International Environmental Norms." Global Environmental Politics 6, no. 3 (August 2006): 104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.3.104.
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The article compares the interplay between soft law institutions and those based on hard law in international efforts to protect the North Sea, reduce transboundary air pollution, and discipline fisheries subsidies. Our cases confirm that ambitious norms are more easily achieved in soft law institutions than in legally binding ones, but not primarily because they bypass domestic ratification or fail to raise concerns for compliance costs. More important is the greater flexibility offered by soft law instruments with respect to participation and sectoral emphasis. Second, ambitious soft law regimes put political pressure on laggards in negotiations over binding rules, but this effect is contingent on factors such as political saliency and reasonably consensual risk and option assessment. Third, hard-law instruments are subject to more thorough negotiation and preparation which, unless substantive targets have been watered down, makes behavioral change and problem solving more likely. Finally, although most of the evidence presented here confirms the implementation edge conventionally ascribed to hard law institutions, the structures for intrusive verification and review that provide part of the explanation can also be created within soft law institutions.
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Uang, Randy, Eric Crosbie, and Stanton A. Glantz. "Smokefree implementation in Colombia: Monitoring, outside funding, and business support." Salud Pública de México 59, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.21149/7884.
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Objective. To analyze successful national smokefree policy implementation in Colombia, a middle income country. Materials and methods. Key informants at the national and local levels were interviewed and news sources and government ministry resolutions were reviewed. Results.Colombia’s Ministry of Health coordinated local implementation practices, which were strongest in larger cities with supportive leadership. Nongovernmental organizations provided technical assistance and highlighted noncompliance. Organizations outside Colombia funded some of these efforts. The bar owners’ association provided concerted education campaigns. Tobacco interests did not openly challenge implementation. Conclusions. Health organization monitoring, external funding, and hospitality industry support contributed to effective implementation, and could be cultivated in other low and middle income countries.
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TWUM, ERIC. "BARRIERS TO THE BENEFITS, EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FINANCIAL ASSURANCE POLICY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: CASE STUDY OF GHANA." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500117.
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This paper examines the barriers to the benefits, efficient and effective implementation of Environmental Financial Assurance (EFA) policy in developing countries with Ghana as case study. EFA is an international environmental regulatory policy and its implementation by a nation is thus perceived as integration into the international regulatory framework. It is an essential developmental regulatory policy that protects the public against the cost of mine clean up and loss of livelihoods, should a company refuse to complete its reclamation plan. However, evidence drawn from this study indicates that there are barriers and differences in approach to the efficient implementation of the policy in some developing countries as the zeal with which EFA policy was adopted as part of a policy reform to attract foreign investment to the mining sector has not been matched with the desired political will, expertise and economic growth to ensure the implementation of the policy.
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Lee, Christine, and Kendall Ho. "Knowledge to action framework for home health monitoring." Healthcare Management Forum 32, no. 4 (June 25, 2019): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419855364.
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Chronic disease management is a grand challenge, both to the patients for optimal management and to the overall health system with cost utilization. Emerging research evidence suggests that Home Health Monitoring (HHM) using home-based, remoting monitoring technologies can improve the patients’ quality of life, self-management, and achieve cost-effectiveness for the health system. How should HHM be introduced and integrated appropriately into the current healthcare delivery pathways to improve patient care and collect evidence of benefits simultaneously? The Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework is an effective approach in the implementation science literature to methodically guide the translation of evidence-based research findings into practice, putting knowledge into practical use. This article examines the use of the seven-step KTA model to address implementation facilitators and barriers of applying HHM in chronic disease management and then focus on its applicability on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as an example.
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Tewdwr-Jones, M. "The Development Plan in Policy Implementation." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 12, no. 2 (June 1994): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c120145.
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The ‘new’ planning system introduced in England and Wales by the Planning and Compensation Act 1991 has focused attention on the role of the development plan as a ‘material consideration’. Debate currently under way by planning lawyers and policymakers is concentrated on whether the plan is an effective implementation tool. This paper, through a case-study, provides a consideration of the problems the ‘new’ planning system has sought to tackle and is one of the first pieces of research since the introduction of the 1991 Act to include an assessment of the effectiveness of the British planning policy framework. It has been found that the use in the planning appeals system of what are termed ‘material considerations’ provides a clear indication of the effectiveness of local planning policies and, simultaneously, allows for assessments to be made of both the development control and the forward planning functions of local planning authorities (LPAs). An analysis of planning inspectors' decision letters has been used in this paper to identify the principal considerations in appeal determinations, indicating for the LPA how its development plan policies are operating in practice. The analysis shows the degree to which local policies are ‘standing up’ at appeal against other material considerations, especially national policy guidance from the Secretary of State. It can be seen that the scope of the term ‘material considerations’ is problematic for LPAs, and the relationship between local policies and national advice as principal considerations in appeal cases has caused a great deal of uncertainty and ambiguity. Finally, suggestions are given as to how local planning procedures can be improved in development control decisionmaking in the future under the provisions of section 54A of the 1990 Town and Country Planning Act.
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Zhang, ZhongXiang. "Toward an effective implementation of clean development mechanism projects in China." Energy Policy 34, no. 18 (December 2006): 3691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2005.08.014.
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Holman, Nancy. "Effective Strategy Implementation: Why Partnership Interconnectivity Matters." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 31, no. 1 (January 2013): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c11155r.
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Mikkelsen, Bent Egberg, and Martin Lundø. "Role of Public Organic Procurement Policies (POPP’s) in the implementation of organic food and farming strategies:." Raízes: Revista de Ciências Sociais e Econômicas 36, no. 2 (December 13, 2016): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37370/raizes.2016.v36.458.
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Targeting public procurement policies has become an important goal for European policy makers since it is believed to contribute to more sustainable food systems and food consumption patterns. Food purchased by the public for institutions such as hospitals, care homes, universities, prisons, schools, armed forces and canteens represent a significant part of the food economy in European countries. As a result governments at different levels have adopted policies that promote organic food and farming in many countries. Since agencies and institutions of the public can be expected to be influential by setting good examples of food consumption, the food for the public plate has come to take a much more visible role in public service provision policymaking over the past decades. However, for such strategies to be effective the right policy mix is essential. This paper reports on the Danish case of Public Organic Procurement Policy (POPP’s) and its role in organic food and farming strategies. It gives a brief account on component of the policy mix including the setting up of a labelling system, a monitoring system for sales volumes and a foodservice workers training program. The paper examines the first results from the monitoring system and provides insight in the progress of POPP’s. It details the implementation and maintenance of the monitoring program and discusses the role of metrics in relation to other policy tools as well as the contribution that monitoring can make in terms of policy implementation.
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Tozer, Laura, and Durham University. "Catalyzing political momentum for the effective implementation of decarbonization for urban buildings." Energy Policy 136 (January 2020): 111042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111042.
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DIEGTIAR, Oleg A., Volodymyr H. HORNYK, Sergii O. KRAVCHENKO, Valentyna V. KARLOVA, and Tatyana V. SHTAL. "Improving Public Water Resources Policy in Ukraine: Municipal and Environmental Issues." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.11.3(43).20.
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The article focuses on the current topic of public water resources management. Globalization presents new challenges and demands for sustainable development for society. The current problem of modern humanity is the rational use of limited water resources. Water management is closely linked to the harmonization of social, economic and environmental requirements. The domestic water use system cannot meet European requirements for effective water supply due to moral and physical wear. An inadequate regulatory framework reduces the effectiveness of management processes and requires finding ways to attract investment to the industry, including in public-private cooperation. The analysis of the main problems of water management development, including non-compliance with European standards, moral and physical wear, lack of effective systems of water resources planning, monitoring and control of use of water resources, showed that these problems are primarily the result of an imperfect system of public water management. Based on commercialization processes, the water supply system through the implementation of public-private partnership mechanisms, provided that private entities are clearly monitored by public authorities, can produce significant socio-economic and environmental results. The research developed an algorithm for implementing an effective water management system at the state level by developing and implementing public-private partnership projects in accordance with the requirements of an effective water management system. The mathematical model of information and analytical support of processes of monitoring of rational water use in conditions of implementation of public-private partnership projects is defined.
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Pendleton, Susan, and John Nagy. "EMS implementation: Effective planning and targeted action." Environmental Quality Management 12, no. 4 (2003): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.10086.
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STINCHCOMBE, KIRK, and ROBERT B. GIBSON. "STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AS A MEANS OF PURSUING SUSTAINABILITY: TEN ADVANTAGES AND TEN CHALLENGES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 03, no. 03 (September 2001): 343–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333201000741.
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While strategic environmental assessment can be a powerful tool for fostering progress towards sustainability, effective implementation involves confronting a set of substantial challenges. This paper, based on Canadian and international literature and experience, outlines the ten most compelling advantages of strategic environmental assessment for sustainability and the ten main challenges faced in implementation. The ten advantages of the strategic environmental assessment for sustainability are that it • provides a process for integrated pursuit of sustainability objectives in policy making and planning; • operationalises sustainability principles; • improves the information base for policy making, planning and programme development; • is proactive and broad in ways that strengthen consideration of fundamental issues; • improves analysis of broad public purposes and alternatives; • facilitates proper attention to cumulative effects; • facilitates greater transparency and more effective public participation at the strategic level; • provides a framework for more effective and efficient project-level assessments; • provides a base for design and implementation of better projects where project-level assessment is not required; and • facilitates establishment of a more comprehensive overall system of sustainability application at all levels from the setting of decision objectives to the monitoring of implementations effects. The ten main challenges for effective implementation are • limited information and unavoidable uncertainties; • boundary-setting complexities; • primitive methodologies; • difficulties in defining the proper role of public participants and ensuring effective involvement; • co-ordination and integration of strategic assessment with assessment processes at other levels; • institutional resistance; • conflict between integrated assessment and bureaucratic fragmentation; • jurisdictional overlap; • limitations of the standard rational planning and policy making model; and • resistance to integration of strategic assessment in core decision making. The paper concludes with a discussion of the major implications.
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Gilissen, Herman Kasper, Elbert de Jong, Helena F. M. W. van Rijswick, and Annemarie van Wezel. "Towards More Effective Environmental Risk Regulation." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 18, no. 1-2 (February 10, 2021): 77–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-18010006.
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Abstract The precautionary and prevention principles require that environmental risks should timely and adequately be regulated before potentially harmful activities are undertaken. The system of administrative environmental law provides ample instruments for such regulation. However, scientific uncertainties about environmental risks could complicate the formulation and implementation of effective environmental risk management strategies. This could lead to systemic imperfections and regulatory gaps which, in turn, undermine the system’s effectiveness and increase the need for regulatory ‘back-ups’. The system of private law is often seen as a potential back-up. In analyzing the complementary effects between both systems and using environmental risks of chemical mining activities in the (deep) subsoil as an example, this article concludes that the actual regulatory effect of tort law should not be overestimated. The complementary role of tort law in regulating environmental risks is mostly limited to the specification and on some occasions enforcement of environmental responsibilities.
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Vieira, Jose M. P. "A strategic approach for Water Safety Plans implementation in Portugal." Journal of Water and Health 9, no. 1 (February 3, 2011): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2010.150.
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Effective risk assessment and risk management approaches in public drinking water systems can benefit from a systematic process for hazards identification and effective management control based on the Water Safety Plan (WSP) concept. Good results from WSP development and implementation in a small number of Portuguese water utilities have shown that a more ambitious nationwide strategic approach to disseminate this methodology is needed. However, the establishment of strategic frameworks for systematic and organic scaling-up of WSP implementation at a national level requires major constraints to be overcome: lack of legislation and policies and the need for appropriate monitoring tools. This study presents a framework to inform future policy making by understanding the key constraints and needs related to institutional, organizational and research issues for WSP development and implementation in Portugal. This methodological contribution for WSP implementation can be replicated at a global scale. National health authorities and the Regulator may promote changes in legislation and policies. Independent global monitoring and benchmarking are adequate tools for measuring the progress over time and for comparing the performance of water utilities. Water utilities self-assessment must include performance improvement, operational monitoring and verification. Research and education and resources dissemination ensure knowledge acquisition and transfer.
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Chenboonthai and Watanabe. "Cooperation Intensity for Effective Policy Development and Implementation: A Case Study of Thailand’s Alternative Energy Development Plan." Energies 12, no. 13 (June 26, 2019): 2469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132469.
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This research examined cooperation among core Thai government organizations involved in achieving the energy-from-waste (EFW) targets stipulated in the country’s 2015 Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP). To this end, we used the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework to illuminate the intricacies of such collaboration, which reflects interactions that flow logically from the decisions and measures taken by actors as they deliberate over relevant situations. Data were obtained mainly from government documents and in-depth interviews with employees of the collaborators that are directly involved in the development and implementation of AEDP 2015. The concept of cooperation intensity was used to inquire into the cooperative interactions of the aforementioned government organizations and analyze the factors and conditions that influence these actors’ decision to work with one another. We focused on the effects of institutions on cooperation under the AEDP policy process. To strengthen the novelty of this work, we categorized cooperation intensity into five levels, which can serve as guidance in the evaluation and improvement of collaborative endeavors. These levels are reflected in collaboration through (1) the pursuit of common goals and mutual benefits, (2) the pooling of resources, (3) the sharing of responsibilities, (4) the synchronization of activities, and (5) the monitoring of partners. Using the proposed cooperation intensity levels, we identified the following causes of ineffective cooperation: Differences in perceptions of problems related to municipal solid waste (MSW) and the prioritization of solutions put forward by the individual actors; the actors’ commitment to different solutions; the inconsistency among responsibilities, actions, and control over the expected outcomes of the actors; the failure of the actors to clarify and synchronize related and duplicate policy activities; and the unwillingness of the actors to undergo checking and monitoring. Overcoming these problems necessitates the enhancement of communication, which would reinforce cooperation given that effective communication leads to perfect information and an improved understanding of other actors.
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Krantzberg, Gail. "Revisiting governance principles for effective Remedial Action Plan implementation and capacity building." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 21, no. 4 (October 2, 2018): 470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634988.2018.1536501.
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Phulkerd, Sirinya, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Mark Lawrence, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, and Gary Sacks. "Level of implementation of best practice policies for creating healthy food environments: assessment by state and non-state actors in Thailand." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 3 (September 13, 2016): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016002391.
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AbstractObjectiveTo determine and compare the level of implementation of policies for healthy food environments in Thailand with reference to international best practice by state and non-state actors.DesignData on the current level of implementation of food environment policies were assessed independently using the adapted Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI) by two groups of actors. Concrete actions were proposed for Thai Government. A joint meeting between both groups was subsequently held to reach consensus on priority actions.SettingThailand.SubjectsThirty state actors and twenty-seven non-state actors.ResultsLevel of policy implementation varied across different domains and actor groups. State actors rated implementation levels higher than non-state actors. Both state and non-state actors rated level of implementation of monitoring of BMI highest. Level of implementation of policies promoting in-store availability of healthy foods and policies increasing tax on unhealthy foods were rated lowest by state and non-state actors, respectively. Both groups reached consensus on eleven priority actions for implementation, focusing on food provision in public-sector settings, food composition, food promotion, leadership, monitoring and intelligence, and food trade.ConclusionsAlthough the implementation gaps identified and priority actions proposed varied between state and non-state actors, both groups achieved consensus on a comprehensive food policy package to be implemented by the Thai Government to improve the healthiness of food environments. This consensus is a platform for continued policy dialogue towards cross-sectoral policy coherence and effective actions to address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases and obesity in Thailand.
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Flammang, Janet A. "EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION; THE CASE OF COMPARABLE WORTH IN SAN JOSE." Review of Policy Research 5, no. 4 (May 1986): 815–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1986.tb00530.x.
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Phromlah, Wanida. "Public participation: how can we make it work for the environmental impact assessment system in Thailand?" Asia Pacific Journal of Environmental Law 21, no. 2 (November 2018): 126–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/apjel.2018.02.03.
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Currently, in Thailand, proposed development projects require an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as part of the approval process. Effective public participation in the process of developing an EIA helps to ensure fairness and equity for the EIA system. It enables stakeholders to share information and exchange views concerning the complex issues and likely impacts of the proposed development project. Thailand has substantial legislation and regulations that aim to enable public participation for EIA processes. However, implementation of public participation provisions is failing at least to some degree. This article explores how the law concerning public participation might be improved to enable better implementation of the EIA system in Thailand. Some methods for employing effective public participation to support the implementation of EIAs are proposed.
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QUA-ENOO, ALISON BODURTHA, KATE SCHENDEL, and NEVIL QUINN. "SOUTH AFRICA'S RESERVE: CHALLENGES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICIES." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 08, no. 01 (March 2006): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333206002311.
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South Africa introduced a visionary policy for water resource management in 1998. The South African National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998) contains several innovative mechanisms with the potential to transform water resource management within the country and abroad. The Reserve is one of these innovations, guaranteeing a basic water requirement for both human needs and ecosystem health. This article discusses the process of Reserve determination and implementation in South Africa and identifies challenges and opportunities for successful implementation. Based on the perceptions of 28 water managers, consultants, and researchers, the key issues and recommendations for improving implementation are presented. The major findings indicate that political support, the capacity of the implementing organization, supporting policies, strong linkages between policy actors and effective monitoring programs are key issues in the successful implementation of sustainable development policy mechanisms.
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Martello, Marybeth Long. "Expert Advice and Desertification Policy: Past Experience and Current Challenges." Global Environmental Politics 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1526380041748074.
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As the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD) enters its implementation phase, its technical advisory bodies are endeavoring to define their purpose. Parties to the Convention have questioned the effectiveness and even the relevance of CCD science advice, recommended reforms, and estab-lished a new Group of Experts to support existing advisory processes. These efforts, however, are unlikely to bring about effective change because they overlook the mutually constitutive relationship linking natural and social order (i.e., co-production) evidenced by a century of intergovernmental cooperation on dryland degradation. Historically, knowledge about desertification has been integral to the locus of desertification governance, the definition and application of cognitive resources, and the design of policy remedies. In the CCD former sites of co-production are now sites of incongruous knowledge and policy. A comparison of past and present desertification initiatives illuminates these incompatibilities and points to ideas for fostering greater coherence in the CCD's expert advisory and implementation activities.
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Purike, Era. "Political Communications of The Ministry of Education and Culture about “Merdeka Belajar, Kampus Merdeka (Independent Learning, Independent Campus)” Policy: Effective?" EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.eduline361.
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The policy of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemdikbud) regarding “Merdeka Belajar, Kampus Merdeka (Free Learning, Independent Campus) as outlined in 5 (five) policies (Permendikbud) as a legal umbrella for this policy. This policy was launched on January 24, 2020 and is a breakthrough made by the Ministry of Education and Culture in the education sector in Indonesia. As a new policy, this policy is likely to experience obstacles, especially in its implementation. Therefore, effective communication is needed to achieve the objectives (outputs) of this policy. This research was conducted through literature review and monitoring of official online media as tools used by the Ministry of Education and Culture to socialize this policy. Policy communication could be effective if: (1) the policy can be received and understood as intended by the government; (2) the policy launched by the government can be approved by the recipient and followed up with the proper implementation as required by the government; (3) there are no significant obstacles to follow up and implement the policy. The results of this study indicate that there are still misinterpretations regarding the contents of this policy. The results of literature review state that educational institutions are still having difficulty implementing this policy in curriculum adjustments and learning activities. They also have obstacles to follow up on links and match programs for independent learning with industry due to it requires much budget and many universities have low budget.
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Spooner, Jean, and Daniel E. Line. "Effective Monitoring Strategies for Demonstrating Water Quality Changes from Nonpoint Source Controls on a Watershed Scale." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0413.
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Demonstrating water quality improvements from nonpoint source (NPS) controls by monitoring both land treatment and water quality in at least a subset of watershed projects is necessary to provide feedback to project coordinators Feedback to regional and national policy makers is also essential to achieve political and economic support for NPS control programs. To meet this objective, two challenges must be met in designing the monitoring network and analyzing the data: (1) Detecting significant (or real) trends in both water quality and land treatment implementation and (2) Associating water quality trends with land treatment trends. Land treatment and water quality monitoring requirements for meeting these challenges are discussed based on lessons learned from the Rural Clean Water Program, a 10-15 year experimental program designed to control agricultural NPS pollution in rural watersheds. At minimum, monitoring of land treatment and water quality should be multi-year before and after best management practice (BMP) implementation. The paired watershed design is the best for documenting BMP effectiveness in the shortest number of years (a minimum of 3-5 years). The water quality and land treatment data bases should be temporally related. All significant sources of variability in the land treatment and water quality data should be taken into account to increase the chances of isolating true water quality changes due to BMPs.
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Kurbatova, Svetlana, Larisa Aisner, Alexey Rusakov, and Valentina Naumkina. "Ecological Postulates of the National Environmental Policy (on the Example of the Russian Federation)." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 04023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015704023.
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The article, using the example of the Russian Federation, considers a number of environmental postulates that the authors consider to be the necessary condition and at the same time content for the successful implementation of the national environmental policy. The authors investigate the high-quality environmental law; effective working mechanisms for monitoring and supervising its compliance; and the inevitability of legal liability for violation of environmental legal norms.
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Bach, Ashley, Erin Gregor, Shela Sridhar, Habtamu Fekadu, and Wafaie Fawzi. "Multisectoral Integration of Nutrition, Health, and Agriculture: Implementation Lessons From Ethiopia." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 41, no. 2 (March 13, 2020): 275–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572119895097.
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Background: The Government of Ethiopia and development partners have invested heavily in nutrition through multisectoral nutrition programs and the recently announced Food and Nutrition Policy. By making nutrition a political priority, the government has enabled multisectoral collaboration. Objective: To trace the development of multisectoral nutrition policy in Ethiopia and identify lessons learned from implementation. Methods: We utilize the literature and stakeholder interviews across government ministries, donors, and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to analyze Ethiopia’s progress toward multisectoral nutrition governance through 5 lenses: coordination and structural accountability, political commitment, financing, human resources, and data monitoring and transparency. Results: Despite significant progress, coordination and structural accountability for nutrition activities and outcomes across and within sectors remain challenges. While political will is strong, financing is often insufficient. Ethiopia has a shortage of nutrition policy makers and experts but is investing in education to close this gap. Finally, wider sharing of data across ministries and partners would enable enhanced feedback and improvement upon existing programs. Several lessons are notable for policy makers and partners: (1) making nutrition a national political priority is key to fostering multisectoral collaboration and improving nutrition outcomes; (2) nutrition champions are critical for political prioritization of nutrition; (3) multisectoral collaboration has helped reduce undernutrition in Ethiopia, due to expansion from nutrition-specific to nutrition-sensitive strategies; and (4) accountability structures are vital to effective coordination, monitoring, and evaluation in multisectoral nutrition governance. Conclusions: Ethiopia has made significant progress toward multisectoral integration for nutrition. Despite contextual differences, lessons learned from Ethiopia may guide other countries aiming to reduce malnutrition.
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Kvak, Mariya. "STATE TARGETED PROGRAMS AS THE BASIS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." Economic Analysis, no. 27(1) (2017): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.01.043.
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The role of the state targeted programs in forming the possibilities of bringing in additional sourcing of administrative process has been justified. It has been emphasized that plenty of such documents lack the effective system of monitoring and estimation of their implementation efficiency that is inconsistent with the principles and practical embodiment of Sustainable Development Conception at the national level. Attention has been drawn to the necessity of selection and taking into account in the process of development and implementation of state targeted programs the priority value of human and natural constituents of national wealth in the context of construction of the bioinformative society and entrance of the national economy on the vector of steady development, following the national interests under the conditions of world globalization and integration processes. System destructive factors that prevent effective implementation of the state targeted programs have been distinguished. The dynamics of the number of the approved state targeted programs, target and factual data of the programs fulfilment according to their types, the structure of borrowings for their implementation according to sourcing in 2015 in Ukraine have been analysed. The conceptual principles of the improvement of state targeted programs implementation in the context of strategic priorities of sustainable development in the state have been defined on the basis of foreign experience adaptation.
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J. Mason, T., W. M. Lonsdale, and K. French. "Environmental weed control policy in Australia: current approaches, policy limitations and future directions." Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no. 4 (2005): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050233.
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Plant invasions of natural systems threaten biodiversity and ecosystem processes across many biomes. Historically most plant invasions have been facilitated by human activities such as industry, transport and landscape modification. Consequently, both causes and management of weed invasion are dependent on human behaviour and management advice provided by ecologists needs to take account of this fact. This paper assesses current environmental weed control policy in Australia and asks: are government, land managers and the scientific community using available social levers to achieve optimal weed management? We do this by comparing aspects of weed policy with a generalized natural resource policy framework. Adequacy of issue characterization and policy framing are discussed with particular reference to public perceptions of the weed problem, policy scaling and defining policy principles and goals. The implementation of policy Instruments, including regulation, VOluntary incentives, education, Information, motivational instruments, property-right instruments and pricing mechanisms are reviewed. Limitations of current instruments and potential options to improve instrument effectiveness are discussed. Funding arrangements for environmental weed control are also reported: environmental weed invasion generally represents an external cost to economic markets which has resulted in relatively low funding levels for control operations. Finally, review and monitoring procedures in weed programmes and policy are addressed. Rigorous monitoring systems are important in effective, adaptive weed management where control techniques are continually refined to improve ecological outcomes. The utility of maintaining links between project outcomes and policy inputs along with methods of implementing appropriate monitoring are discussed.
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Rohregger, Barbara, Katja Bender, Bethuel Kinyanjui Kinuthia, Esther Schüring, Grace Ikua, and Nicky Pouw. "The politics of implementation: The role of traditional authorities in delivering social policies to poor people in Kenya." Critical Social Policy 41, no. 3 (May 2, 2021): 404–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02610183211009889.
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The article contributes to understanding the political economy of implementation of social protection programmes at local level. Current debates are dominated by technocratic arguments, emphasizing the lack of financial resources, technology or skills as major barriers for effective implementation. Describing how chiefs, assistant-chiefs and community elders are routinely at the centre stage of core implementation processes, including targeting, enrolment, delivery, monitoring, awareness and information, data collection or grievance and redress, this study on Kenya argues for the need to look more closely into the local political economy as an important mediating arena for implementing social policies. Implementation is heavily contingent upon the local social, political and institutional context that influences and shapes its outcomes. These processes are ambivalent involving multiple forms of interactions between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ institutional structures, which may support initial policy objectives or induce policy outcomes substantially diverging from intended policy objectives.
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Kravale-Pauliņa, Mārīte, Eridiana Olehnoviča, Inta Ostrovska, Alīna Ivanova, and Viktorija Šipilova. "YOUTH POLICY MONITORING AS A TOOL FOR DEVELOPING SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN LOCAL MUNICIPALITY." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 76, no. 3 (June 15, 2018): 350–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/18.76.350.
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The social capital of youth as a social segment is a major resource to contribute to any country’s social sustainability. Social sustainability requires active youth participation in solving the issues that are important for local communities and education as a main source for youth knowledge, skills and opinions. Youth policy is a tool, which enables the state and municipalities to work with youth and stimulate their interest to participate. Ongoing research activities concerning youth policy significance for developing social sustainability usually are prepared at a more global scale, although, there is also a need at local municipality level. Scientific experience indicates that youth policy monitoring contributes to wider understanding of youth needs, as well as possible participation forms in solving the topical issues for local society. Additionally, youth policy monitoring that is based on youth knowledge and opinions brightly demonstrates the results of the previous and areas for the future educational work with youth. In Latvia, to date, youth research has been fragmentary and still has not gained the position of an independent discipline. Additionally, there is no sufficient experience in youth policy monitoring at municipal level. The aim of the article is to analyse youth policy at municipal level and provide feedback for municipality and non-formal education that is more flexible and allows to realize youth policy and may support needs of each municipality. A case study in one Latvian municipality is presented as an example, which includes a youth policy monitoring, a survey conducted among 401 respondents using eight major youth policy fields as stipulated in the European Union’s Strategy for Youth. Results from the obtained data, recommendations are proposed for a more effective implementation of youth policy, understanding fields for more active educational work for promoting social sustainability in a local community. The results and discussed approach for youth policy monitoring can be applied practically at the level of local municipality for planning educational work with youth. Key words: youth policy monitoring, “youth policy implementation index”, social sustainability, local municipality, education.
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Persai, Divya, Rajmohan Panda, and Adyya Gupta. "Examining Implementation of Tobacco Control Policy at the District Level: A Case Study Analysis from a High Burden State in India." Advances in Preventive Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4018023.
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Introduction.While extensive scientific evidence exists on the tobacco epidemic, a lack of understanding of both policies and their appropriate way of implementation continues to hinder effective tobacco control. This is especially so in the developing countries such as India. The present study aims to understand current implementation practices and the challenges faced in mainstreaming tobacco control policy and program.Methods.We chose a qualitative study design to conduct the case analysis. A total of 42 in-depth interviews were undertaken with seven district officials in six districts of Andhra Pradesh. A conceptual framework was developed by applying grounded theory for analysis. Analysis was undertaken using case analysis approach.Results and Discussion.Our study revealed that most program managers were unfamiliar with the comprehensive tobacco control policy. Respondents have an ambiguous opinion regarding integration of tobacco control program into existing health and development programs. Respondents perceive lack of resources, low prioritization of tobacco control, and lack of monitoring and evaluation of smoke-free laws as limiting factors affecting implementation of tobacco control policy.Conclusion.The findings of this study highlighted the need for a systematic, organized action plan for effective implementation of tobacco control policy and program.
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Hampson, Michele. "Raising standards in relation to Section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 17, no. 5 (September 2011): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.110.008250.
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SummaryDespite the guidance published in revised Codes of Practice and by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, implementation of Section 136 of the Mental Health Act 1983 is still variable. Government funding in England to establish places of safety in psychiatric facilities has been effective but custody suites are still used excessively, especially for those who are brought in intoxicated. Patients feel criminalised by this use of custody suites and by the use of police vehicles rather than ambulance transport for conveyance to the place of safety. There is often a delay in commencing the assessment and the first doctor does not always have Section 12 approval as recommended in the Codes of Practice. The importance of the local Section 136 group tasked with developing and overseeing the implementation of local policy and monitoring is highlighted. There is a need for monitoring locally, but ideally in a form that can be used nationally for benchmarking and research.
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Medeiros, Eduardo. "Portugal 2020: An Effective Policy Platform to Promote Sustainable Territorial Development?" Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031126.
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This paper explores the implementation of European Union (EU) Cohesion Policy in Portugal during the 2014–2020 programming period (Portugal 2020) and its contribution to promoting sustainable territorial development. It starts with an anatomization of the dominant analytic dimensions of the concept of sustainable territorial development. It then examines the approved projects under Portugal 2020 and relates them to the selected five dimensions of territorial sustainable development, which include a circular economy, social environmental awareness, environmental conservation, a global governance sustainability focus, and a global spatial planning sustainability focus. The conclusions are that the Portugal 2020 goals of supporting sustainable territorial development have been, until late 2019, achieved beyond initial expectations in terms of relative allocated funding, and that the renewable energy and circular economy components have not been sufficiently explored, vis-à-vis the sustainable development needs of the country.
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Joseph, Ogbe O. "Appraisal of the Implementation of the National School Health Policy in Secondary Schools in Nigeria." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 9, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2020-0032.
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Policies are checks in the execution of programme, hence the National School Health Policy document is meant to guide the promotion of the school Health programme. This study was undertaken to assess the successes and weaknesses of the execution of the National School Health Policy/School Health programme in order to make recommendation in the document. A sample of 184 school principals in Delta state were the respondents. It was an ex post facto, descriptive study. Self design questionnaire was used to solicit information. The questionnaire was derived from the strategies for the implementation of the National School Health Policy. Descriptive statistics of frequency count, percentages and a multiple regression statistics using SPSS 21 was used to analyse the data at 0.05 level of significance. It was found in this study that the National School Health Policy/School Health programme was being significantly executed in Delta state (F-value – 2.935, df and alpha, .022). Among the variables only School Health instruction with t –value, -3.034 and alpha at 0.05 was found to be a predictor of comprehensive effective National School Health implementation. Others; principal’s awareness, Government monitoring, and School Health – Community relation were not significant as a predictor of the National School Health Policy/School Health Programme. It was recommended among others that the government and other stakeholders in education should improve on the gains so far and set up a power full monitoring term to evaluate the implementation of the National School Health Policy/School Health programme on regular bases in Delta state, Nigeria.
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van den Brink, Cors, and Susanne Wuijts. "Towards an effective protection of groundwater resources: putting policy into practice with the drinking water protection file." Water Policy 18, no. 3 (November 18, 2015): 635–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.197.
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Groundwater in the Netherlands is a major resource for drinking water. As such it must be carefully monitored and managed. Evaluation of the European Water Framework Directive (EU-WFD) showed that protection of this valuable resource needs improvement. The Drinking Water Protection File identifies necessary measures needed per water abstraction site. The Protection File is part of the Dutch national EU-WFD implementation strategy, intended to improve the protection level of groundwater resources. It consists of a national top-down framework and a regional bottom-up process, which respectively enforces commitment and enhances stakeholder awareness regarding risks and actions needed regarding the identification and implementation of measures enhancing the protection level of groundwater resources. It is yet uncertain whether the initial implementation of the measures in the first planning cycle is adequate to obtain compliance with EU-WFD objectives in 2021, because (i) some of these measures are on a voluntary basis and (ii) standards for the remediation of point source pollution and allowed application of nutrients do not currently comply with drinking water standards.
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Kireyenko, N. V., and I. A. Voytko. "Scientific concepts and methodological approaches to the formation of a monitoring system for foreign markets for agricultural products." Agrarian Economics 1, no. 8 (September 1, 2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1818-9806-2021-8-29-45.
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An important place in the implementation of foreign trade policy of the state, region, industry, business entity is occupied by the monitoring system of foreign food markets. Without understanding their development trends, qualitative and quantitative parameters, consumers and competitors, it is impossible to build an effective agricultural business. The article presents the results of a scientific study on the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of foreign trade policy and increasing the export potential of the agri-food sector of the Republic of Belarus, taking into account world experience. The scientific and practical features of the formation of an effective planning system, organization and monitoring of foreign markets for agricultural products and food products have been studied and systematized. The methodological approaches to the analysis of the conditions of access and entry to foreign markets for agri-food products have been substantiated.
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Ceyssens, Jan. "The European Parliament and the Implementation of EU Environmental Policies: the Case of the Spanish Water Plan." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 2, no. 3 (2005): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601005x00309.
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AbstractThis article examines the European Parliament's ability to scrutinize and control the implementation of EU Environmental law by national authorities, taking as an example the Spanish Water Plan - a major infrastructure plan which allegedly infringed several EU Directives and was ultimately abandoned last year. The article gives an overview of the European Parliament's main powers to scrutinize and control policy implementation, and analyses how Members of the European Parliament used them to control the implementation of EU Environmental law in the case of the Spanish Water Plan. It concludes that the Parliament's activities contributed to ensuring the effective implementation of EU law and thus to a sensible enhancement of democratic accountability in this area.
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Kanchanachitra, Churnrurtai, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Walaiporn Patcharanarumol, and Tipicha Posayanonda. "Multisectoral governance for health: challenges in implementing a total ban on chrysotile asbestos in Thailand." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 4 (October 2018): e000383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000383.
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IntroductionInterest in multisectoral governance for health has grown in recent years in response to the limitations of government-centric policy formulation and implementation. This study describes multisectoral governance associated with policy formulation and implementation of a total ban on chrysotile asbestos in Thailand.MethodsQualitative methods were applied, including analysis of related literature and media, and in-depth interviews with key informants. Consent was obtained for interview and tape recording; protection of confidentiality was fully assured.ResultsAn agenda on total ban of chrysotile asbestos was proposed to the National Health Assembly, where a resolution was adopted in 2010. The resolution was endorsed by the Cabinet in 2011, which mandated the Ministry of Industry to implement the ban immediately. There was uneven interest and ownership by stakeholders in the policy formulation process. Long delays in implementation have been observed. Furthermore, while the policy is likely to affect relatively few industries there has been misinformation on the safe use of chrysotile, and delaying tactics and pressure from major chrysotile-exporting countries.ConclusionThe National Health Assembly is a useful platform for policy formulation on complex policy issues requiring multisectoral action. However, policy implementation is challenging due to lack of clear policy across sectors. Success in protecting people’s health requires participatory policy-making and effective governance of multisectoral action throughout implementation. The Assembly is not designed to enforce implementation, especially when power and authority lie with state actors, but monitoring and public reporting would be powerful tools to drive this agenda.
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Zabolotniaia, Mariia, Zhichao Cheng, Evgenij Dorozhkin, and Anton Lyzhin. "Use of the LMS Moodle for an Effective Implementation of an Innovative Policy in Higher Educational Institutions." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 15, no. 13 (July 10, 2020): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i13.14945.
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This article considers the opportunities of using Moodle LMS (learning management system) tools to ensure the effective implementation of an innovative policy of the higher educational institution. In the framework of digital transformation of social space an important and relevant topic for higher educational institutions is the creation of high-quality information and communication environment, which shall correspond to the contemporary state of science and technology development, global educational standards and information society needs. The advantages of the Moodle system are studied. Moodle system provides for a comprehensive educational process through its extensive educational content, a system for control, monitoring and evaluating the knowledge quality. The authors compare the four-phased model of knowledge management with the capacities of LMS Moodle educational environment. The latter is capable of simulating professional actions in a virtual educational space that allows the university to train advanced specialists and ensure a high level of their professional skills based on hard and soft skills. The perceptive and cognitive attitude of university students and teachers towards the implementation of the LMS Moodle educational platform was researched. The research has brought out the subjective assessment model of the innovative process with clear meaningful factors of changes’ perception. Such a model allows understanding the collective attitude to the university’s policy and highlighting mental settings necessary for working with human resources within the social adaptation and diffusion of innovation. The synergy of technological and managerial innovations has been updated to ensure completeness and efficiency in presenting a professional educational product based on the LMS Moodle platform.
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Febryano, Indra Gumay Febryano, Supono, Abdullah Aman Damai, Debi Hardian, Gunardi Djoko Winarno, and Novita Tresiana. "Cantrang: A Dilemma in Policy Implementation (Case in Lampung Bay, Indonesia)." Problemy Ekorozwoju 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2021.1.14.
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Cantrang is a section of seine nets which has been banned in all regions of Indonesia. However, this policy can stir to pros and cons due to implementation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the success of the stage and the effectiveness of policy implementation on cantrang prohibition in Lampung Bay, Indonesia. Data were collected by interview, observation, and documentation studies, next the policy implementation was reviewed by the marketing policy studies then for further analyze was using ambiguity-conflict matrix. The result of this research shows the unsuccessful of the policy marketing on implementing cantrang prohibition policy from policy acceptance side and policy adoption, also on readiness strategy side is failed. Fisher community do not fulfil the policy and not become a part of it, hesitancy of local government as an executor of the policy, vertical conflict between fisherman and government. The analysis of ambiguity-conflict matrix gives the choice of effectiveness politic model implementation and experimentation, replace the administrative policy implementation. Effective but non-destructive fishing gear can be encouraged to be developed by the government through studies that involving all stakeholders including fisherman and academics. The government is also expected to replace the prohibition policy with a regulatory policy on the cantrang construction and capture area arrangement. In addition, the government is expected to create legal certainty in the field, so it may minimize the fisherman’s conflicts and opposition to cantrang prohibition policies.
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Korolevska, Anna. "European Union Social Cohesion Policy and Monitoring Indicators." Міжнародні відносини, суспільні комунікації та регіональні студії, no. 1 (3) (April 26, 2018): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2018-01-11-17.
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The questions of the nation uniting, national or social consolidation, cohesion of society have always been on the agenda of the independent Ukrainian state. An urgent need is to identify the obstacles to consolidating Ukrainian society, as well as factors that can contribute to the unification of society. The objective of the article is to summarize the results of scientific and expert discourse on social cohesion of the EU and indicators of its assessment. Methodology is analysis of the European Commission documents, studies and reports. The research of European Cohesion Policy requires the use of an interdisciplinary approach, as well as the consideration of the process in its integrity, requires the use of a systematic approach.
Social cohesion has been studied in the European Union over the past decades. During this time, many studies of theoretical and empirical question have been made. Moreover, it has already become the main concept of effective development for many societies. The mechanism of practical realization of social cohesion is the recognition of the values of pluralism, social and civil dialogue. The obligatory attribute of social cohesion of a society is the institute of social protection and social integration. Social cohesion involves the use of democratic principles for making socially significant decisions. The essence of the social cohesion of the EU is considered from the standpoint, based on social rights and the access of all citizens to their rights, and hence the real opportunity to use and protect them. At the focus of social cohesion of society is the welfare of the vast majority of citizens, harmonious and stable social relations. The condition to social cohesion is the high citizen’s credibility of governance and civil society institutions. In the framework of developing a system of social indicators an effort was made to operationalise conceptualization of social cohesion across several life domains. There are rather broad range of indicators of social cohesion can be specified. Accordingly, the lists of exemplarily suggested indicators are rather extensive.
The subject of further analysis may be a more detailed researches of the experience of the European society cohesion mechanism for adopting and implementation it in Ukraine.
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Ide, Hiroo, Naonori Kodate, Sayuri Suwa, Mayuko Tsujimura, Atsuko Shimamura, Mina Ishimaru, and Wenwei Yu. "The ageing ‘care crisis’ in Japan: is there a role for robotics-based solutions?" International Journal of Care and Caring 5, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/239788220x16020939719606.
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Japan is facing a ‘care crisis’. There is an urgent need to ascertain the extent to which potential users are willing to use robotics-aided care before its roll-out as a formal policy. Based on our recent survey, we discuss home-care professionals’ real perceptions and their implications for the future development and implementation of home-care robots. While they showed some concerns about robotics-aided care, they perceived ‘physical support’, ‘communication’ and ‘monitoring’ functions positively. A small number of care professionals recommended assistive technologies listed in the insurance payment scheme. We conclude that both individual preferences and formal policy options are necessary for an effective implementation of robotics-aided care.
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Hadianto, Arief, Roy V. Salomo, and Maralus Panggabean. "Built the Effective Internal Control System in Local Governments of Developing Countries : A Case Study on Tegal City." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.29 (May 22, 2018): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.14296.
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The purpose of this paper is to formulate the recommendation to reconstruction the Internal Control Policy in order to embody the Government Internal Control System, a specifically local government in Indonesia that is more effective. The research is using the qualitative method based on literature review and depth interview with a relevant source, including the top management of Tegal City and policy expertise as well. A policy analysis and Grindle theory are used to investigate the factors that contribute to the implementation of Government Regulation Number 60/2008 in uneffective Tegal City. The result shows that the reward and punishment in the policy is certainly needed, a derivative policy as an instrument to operate the must be applied policy, the rules regarding the local government officials should be revised, a professionalism strengthening and an independency of monitoring officials, the coordination and collaboration between local government to build a harmonization partnership in order to implement the policy that has to be improved, a dissemination policy and the integration of the internal control system report into a budgeting system and organization cultural development to create the better control environment in order heading to an effective internal control system.
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Doherty, Emma, and Heike Schroeder. "Forest Tenure and Multi-level Governance in Avoiding Deforestation under REDD+." Global Environmental Politics 11, no. 4 (November 2011): 66–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00084.
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This paper investigates the role of forest tenure in creating a sustainable and effective mechanism on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). It draws together existing knowledge and experience of forest tenure issues as they play out in real contexts, and evaluates their implications for REDD+. In particular, it challenges the argument that simply harmonising different tenure systems will lead to improved tenure security and ensure that REDD+ does not disenfranchise local communities. By bringing to light the ways in which local tenure could shape the implementation of REDD+, this paper provides insights that can contribute to the design of a sustainable, effective and equitable REDD+ agreement. The findings suggest that a more nuanced and locally specific understanding of tenure security and ownership are required in order to create favourable grounds for REDD+ implementation.
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Supriyanto, Henri, Sudarmo Sudarmo, and Kristina Setyowati. "IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL FORESTRY IN PERUM PERHUTANI KPH TELAWA." Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan 18, no. 1 (May 24, 2021): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jakk.2021.18.1.31-43.
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Policy on Social Forestry of The Ministry of Environment and Forestry is a translation of agrarian reform and President Joko Widodo's Nawacita. Social Forestry with IPHPS program is a specific model implemented in Perhutani working area by providing legal access for forest villagers to manage and utilize forest areas. This research is conducted at Perhutani KPH Telawa, Boyolali Regency. The aim is to analyze the implementation of IPHPS and its impact on society. Data collection is carried out by observation, interviews, and literature studies. Sample is determined by purposive sampling method. The implementation process consists of: (1) application, (2) assistance, (3) financing, (4) coaching and facilitation, (5) monitoring and evaluation. The results of the implementation are: a). Location of IPHPS does not comply with the provisions, which should be empty land for 5 consecutive years, b). The companion is not appropriate in terms of quality and quantity, c). Financing and capital are still independent of farmer groups, d). Coaching and facilitation by the IPHPS Working Group has not been effective yet, e). Monitoring and evaluation was only carried out once, f). Social, economic and ecological impacts are not yet visible.
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Kherigi, Intissar, and Khalil Amiri. "Public Policy Making in Tunisia: The Contribution of Policy Research Institutes." Middle East Law and Governance 7, no. 1 (April 23, 2015): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763375-00701008.
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The concept of governance is increasingly used to describe a range of factors relating to “the exercise of economic, political and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels.” The process of policymaking lies at the heart of the governance challenge. The conception, planning, implementation and evaluation of public policies are the visible outcomes of the process of exercising economic, political and administrative authority. These policy processes and their outcomes can be measured, assessed and evaluated in order to improve governance and achieve higher value outcomes for the public. The important role of applied research in this process is increasingly being recognised by practitioners. This paper examines the role of policy research institutes in Tunisia in policy evaluation and providing policy makers with valuable data and analysis in order to contribute to a better understanding of policy problems and more effective policies that are targeted to the needs of the affected groups. Our research shows that such institutes are developing a stake in the policymaking process in Tunisia, using new spaces for policy research and critical engagement to scrutinise and question government policies, challenge policy frameworks and government models and raise new policy problems. The paper examines the challenges facing these institutes and presents recommendations for strengthening their role in order to contribute to developing more effective forms of policy monitoring and evaluation that can help the state to design more effective public services, assist legislative bodies to better exercise their role of democratic oversight, and raise the public’s level of understanding of, and engagement in, how their government is conducting their affairs.
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Singh, Nandita, Prosun Bhattacharya, Gunnar Jacks, and Jan-Erik Gustafsson. "Women and water: a policy assessment." Water Policy 5, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2003.0017.
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Women and water are linked together in more than one way. They may be seen as “domestic water managers” with specific water-related needs and interests. They may also be seen as having the potential for more active involvement in the sector at the levels of policy making, planning and implementation. Drawing upon the background of such needs, interests and potentials of women in relation to water, different agencies at national and international levels have framed different kinds of policies. What is the nature of such policies? What do they aim at? How effective have these been in addressing the water-related needs of women as “beneficiaries”? How effective has been the involvement of women as “actors” in delivering the goods? This paper attempts to evaluate the existing policies using a microperspective analysis, and proposes “facilitation of role performance” as a suitable policy alternative.
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Jordan, Portia, Ferestas Mpasa, Wilma ten Ham-Baloyi, and Candice Bowers. "Implementation strategies for guidelines at ICUs: a systematic review." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 30, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 358–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2016-0119.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze empirical studies related to the implementation strategies for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Design/methodology/approach A systematic review with a narrative synthesis adapted from Popay et al.’s method for a narrative synthesis was conducted. A search using CINAHL, Google Scholar, Academic search complete, Cochrane Register for Randomized Controlled Trials, MEDLINE via PUBMED and grey literature was conducted in 2014 and updated in 2016 (August). After reading the abstracts, titles and full-text articles, 11 (n=11) research studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings After critical appraisal, using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tools, eight randomized controlled trials conducted in adult and neonatal ICUs using implementation strategies remained. Popay et al.’s method for narrative synthesis was adapted and used to analyze and synthesize the data and formulate concluding statements. Included studies found that multi-faceted strategies appear to be more effective than single strategies. Strategies mostly used were printed educational materials, information/ sessions, audit, feedback, use of champion leaders, educational outreach visits, and computer or internet usage. Practical training, monitoring visits and grand rounds were less used. Practical implications Findings can be used by clinicians to implement the best combination of multi-faceted implementation strategies in the ICUs in order to enhance the optimal use of CPGs. Originality/value No systematic review was previously done on the implementation strategies that should be used best for optimal CPG implementation in the ICU.