Academic literature on the topic 'Electroplating Effluent'
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Journal articles on the topic "Electroplating Effluent"
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Elizabeth, Joseph, Pradhan Aatish, Sanghvi Meet, and Nair Ninad. "EFFLUENT TREATMENT OF ELECTROPLATING UNIT." International Journal of Engineering Research and Modern Education 2, no. 1 (2017): 166–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.821618.
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The Electroplating industry is one of the top polluting industries. The effluents discharged have high concentrations of toxic heavy metal ions. Our project is an effort to reduce the toxicity of the effluent discharged from an electroplating unit. The project aims to reduce heavy metalion concentrations in the effluent discharged by employing a combined effect of precipitation and adsorption. These methods have been successfully applied and tested by us on a laboratory level and can be easily adapted at an industrial level economically. The project suggests other more sophisticated and new methods of treating effluent from an electroplating unit. We have analyzed our method of treatment from all angles and also recommended solutions to rectify its minor short comings. The report includes an adsorption bed prototype which can be used on a bigger or industrial scale. This method of treatment is simple, effective, practical and most importantly cost effective.
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O., Oluwole Surukite, Ogun Mautin L., Ewekeye Tolulope S., Tope-Akinyetun Racheal O., Asokere Simeon Y., and Usamot Q. "Effects of Electroplating Effluents on Growth, Heavy Metals Accumulation and Concentrations in Amaranthus viridis Lin." Journal of Botanical Research 5, no. 3 (2023): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jbr.v5i3.5730.
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Pollution in recent times has become prevalent due to industrial expansion, hence, releasing pollutants into the environment. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the effects of effluents from electroplating companies on growth, heavy metals accumulation and concentrations in Amaranthus viridis. Seeds of A. viridis were obtained from the National Institute of Horticulture, Ibadan. Loam soils were collected from Lagos State University and two samples of electroplating effluents were obtained from Oregun, Lagos. Seeds were sown, nursed, and transplanted in a uniform bucket filled with 5 kg loam soil and transplanted seedlings were treated with Effluent A (5 and 10% conc.) and Effluent B (5 and 10% conc.) and control respectively. Growth parameters such as plant height and so on were measured and plant samples harvested were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Data collected were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. Results revealed that Effluents A and B are highly acidic and above discharge limits. Also, the result revealed that 5% conc. of Effluents A and B had more effects on growth (p < 0.05) of A. viridis across the harvests than 10% conc. in relation to control. This result showed that the effluent samples affect the growth rhythms of plants. Results further revealed vigorous accumulation of the heavy metals: Zn (241.66 µg kg–1 ± 0.10 at third harvest in Effluent A: 10%), Cu (68.25 µg kg–1 ± 0.23 at first harvest in Effluent B: 5%), Cr (500 µg kg–1 ± 0.90 in harvests at all concentrations.) and Ni (500 µg kg–1 ± 0.90 at third harvest in Effluent B: 5%) and all these metals are far above the control and permissible limits of WHO/FAO recommendations. From this study, it could be concluded that electroplating effluents had adverse effects on growth and increased metals’ bioaccumulation in A. viridis. Therefore, the treatment of effluents to enhance an eco-friendly environment should be done.
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Natt, Simranpreet Kaur, Priya Katyal, Urmila Gupta Phutela, and Sumita Chandel. "Bioremediation of electroplating industrial wastewater using bioenzymes generated from citrus." Environment Conservation Journal 26, no. 1 (2025): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.36953/ecj.29092916.
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Industries involved in electroplating have a significant potential for contamination of water sources and soil. The indiscriminate release of effluents from electroplating enterprises into natural aquatic systems poses a major hazard to the flora and fauna. Using bioenzymes in wastewater treatment is an effective and eco-friendly approach. In this work, we employed bioenzymes derived from citrus fruit peels to treat the electroplating industry effluent. The effluent was subjected to bioenzymes digestion at concentrations of 1%, 5%, 6%, and 10% at room temperature (25°C), with periodic sampling for analysis of various parameters over a 20-day treatment period. The analysis included changes in pH, electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total dissolved solids (TDS). Additionally, the elemental profile of the bioenzymes-treated and control effluent samples was determined. The results demonstrated that bioenzymes can reduce the pH, EC, BOD, COD, and TDS of the effluent, while 10% of bioenzymes reduced ferrous (Fe) by 99.19%, phosphorous (P) by 63.02%, arsenic (As) by 98.72%, and sulfur (S) by 60.79%. The reductions were statistically significant at 6% and 10% concentrations. Following the treatment with bioenzymes, the concentration of As, Fe, and Pb in the treated effluent fell below the permissible limit for effluent discharge. This study demonstrates that bioenzymes can serve as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution to improve the quality of wastewater, making it suitable for safe disposal. To improve the effectiveness of bioenzymes for treating wastewater, more research should be done to find the best additives, activators, and enzyme cocktails. This should include pre-treatment strategies and an examination of how they affect different wastewater properties and metal pollutant removal.
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shilledar, Musharraf. "AUTOMATED EFFLUENT TREATMENT SYSTEM." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 03, no. 05 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/isjem01692.
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This paper introduces the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Based Automated Effluent Treatment System as an innovative solution for efficiently managing industrial effluents. The system employs sophisticated technology, including PLCs and various sensors, to automate and optimize the treatment process. Specifically designed for industries like electroplating, where water contamination is prevalent, the system effectively monitors and controls water levels, temperature, gas presence, and pH levels to ensure the safe disposal of effluent. Through a detailed exploration of its components and functionalities, this paper demonstrates how the PLC-based system enhances efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability in industrial wastewater treatment. Key Words: Programmable Logic Controller, Automation, Effluent treatment plant, Environment safety, Sewage, Chemicals.
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Wang, Ling, Guo Liang Zhang, Hua Bing Jiang, Xiu Zhen Wei, and Bo Sheng Lv. "Water Recycling from Electroplating Effluent Using Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.435.
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The membrane integrated process including nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) had more advantages in recycling the electroplating effluent than conventional physical and chemical methods. Separation experiments with different kinds of membranes were carried out in pilot scale installation using industrial effluents for more effective desalination. The selective rejection of different ions in NF and RO process was investigated with the Donnan effects and solution-diffusion theory to check its consistence. Although NF membranes had a higher permeate flux and better ion selectivity even under a relatively low operating pressure, RO membranes prevailed in rejection of toxic heavy metal ions and COD and would approach a higher potential for producing feed water of industrial cooling system.
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Benvenuti, T., MAS Rodrigues, A. Arenzon, AM Bernardes, and J. Zoppas-Ferreira. "Toxicity effects of nickel electroplating effluents treated by photoelectrooxidation in the industries of the Sinos River Basin." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 2 suppl (2015): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.1113.
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<p>The Sinos river Basin is an industrial region with many tanneries and electroplating plants in southern Brazil. The wastewater generated by electroplating contains high loads of salts and metals that have to be treated before discharge. After conventional treatment, this study applied an advanced oxidative process to degrade organic additives in the electroplating bright nickel baths effluent. Synthetic rinsing water was submitted to physical-chemical coagulation for nickel removal. The sample was submitted to ecotoxicity tests, and the effluent was treated by photoelectrooxidation (PEO). The effects of current density and treatment time were evaluated. The concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) was 38% lower. The toxicity tests of the effluent treated using PEO revealed that the organic additives were partially degraded and the concentration that is toxic for test organisms was reduced.</p>
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Guo, Yong Fu, Wei Wu, Wen Cheng Huang, et al. "Application of Anoxic-Aerobic Biological Process for Treatment of Compositive Electroplating Wastewater." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2361.
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In this paper, different physicochemical processes are used to remove heavy metals in electroplating wastewater containing nickel, chromium and fluorine. More, the three items of phosphate, NH4+-N and CODcr are also needed to be decreased to meet discharge standards. Based on the various characteristics of electroplating wastewater, biochemistry technologies are used to improve the effluent quality after pretreatment for actual origin wastewater. Anoxic reactor and biological aerated filter are employed as biological processes (A/O process) to decrease the effluent concentration of CODcr and NH4+-N. The results show that the system effluent meets the national standard of “Emission Standard of Pollutants for Electroplating” (GB 21900-2008), and NH4+-N item reaches the local standard of “Discharge Standard of Main Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant & Key Industries of Taihu Area” (DB 32/1072-2007). The modified A/O process realizes a high denitrification removal of 80%, and the operation cost is only 2.67 Yuan/m3.
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Schoeman, J. J., J. F. van Staden, H. M. Saayman, and W. A. Vorster. "Evaluation of Reverse Osmosis for Electroplating Effluent Treatment." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 10 (1992): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0239.
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A South African developed tubular cellulose acetate reverse osmosis (RO) system from Membratek (Pty) Ltd was evaluated for the treatment of nickel rinse water and mixed electroplating effluent. Spiral wrap polyamide (DuPont) and thin film composite (FilmTec) membranes were evaluated for cadmium and chromium rinse water treatment, respectively. Preliminary laboratory results have shown that nickel rinse water should be treated economically with tubular RO. Approximately 92% of the rinse water could be recovered for reuse. The RO brine is of suitable quality for reuse in the electroplating process. Plant payback for a 5 m3/h nickel/water recovery RO plant was determined to.be 1.3 years (approximately 2 000 mg/ℓ Ni in feed). No severe membrane fouling was encountered during the investigation. However, membrane fouling can affect the process adversely and this will be studied further. Approximately 90% water, of suitable quality for reuse as rinse water in the plating process, could be recovered from mixed electroplating effluent. Effluent volume for subsequent treatment with lime was significantly reduced. It may also be possible to treat cadmium and chromium rinse waters with RO. Approximately 92% and 91% water, of suitable quality for reuse as rinse water, could be recovered with spiral wrap polyamide and thin film composite membranes, respectively. Membrane fouling was experienced during cadmium rinse water treatment. However, water flux could be restored by chemical cleaning. Very little fouling was experienced during chromium rinse water treatment. The fouling potential of the rinse waters for the membranes and subsequent cleaning procedures will be studied further. Preliminary results have shown that payback for 5 m3/h RO cadmium/water and RO chromium/water recovery plants should be 3 and 7 years, respectively. Reverse osmosis has been shown to be a very effective technology for water and chemical recovery and for effluent volume reduction. The electroplating industry causes serious pollution and wastes large volumes of water. Consequently, RO is a technology that may be applied to good effect in the electroplating industry to control pollution and to save scarce water.
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Olusola, S. Amodu, A. Folami Nurudeen, A. Kingsley Nkechi, P. Uku Eruni, T. Ibigbami Babatunde, and S. Ayanda Olushola. "Biosorption of Heavy Metals from Electroplating Wastewater Effluent onto Acid Treated Banana Peels." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 9, no. 3 (2022): 128–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10514716.
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<strong>Abstract </strong>Heavy metal contamination has been an environmental concern over the decades due to the release of high concentration of heavy metals in effluents into the water bodies without pre-treatment, partly because of associated cost. In the present study, banana peels (BP) was activated by H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4 </sub>and used for the removal of Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup>,<sup> </sup>and Cd<sup>2+</sup> ions from electroplating wastewater effluents. Electroplating effluent was considered in a batch adsorption experiments to evaluate the influence of contact time, pH, and adsorbent dosage at 30<sup>o</sup>C. The FTIR spectra of the adsorbents confirm the presence of −OH, C–H, −CH<sub>3</sub> and −COOH groups along with C–O stretching; a possibility that these functional groups are involved in the adsorption of heavy metal<sup> </sup>ions through ion exchange and complexation mechanisms. Adsorption data showed that the optimum removal of Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Cd<sup>2+</sup> (98.03%, 81.80%, 80.59%, respectively) was obtained at pH 10.8, and at pH 4.6 for Pb<sup>2+</sup> (91.44%). The equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms, indicating a homogeneous adsorption behaviour. Isotherm variables showed that the adsorption of heavy metal ions on the activated biomass is favourable and significant. Finally, activated BP has proven to be a promising costeffective precursor for heavy metals remediation of electroplating wastewater effluents.
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M, Ranjithkumar, Sathya P, and Mahalingam PU. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC TOLERANT BACTERIAL STRAINS FROM THE ELECTROPLATING EFFLUENT CONTAMINATED SOIL." International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 7, no. 1 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2022.v07.i01.001.
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Toxic heavy metal pollution is expanding throughout the world as a result of industrial progress. This work focuses on the characterization of zinc tolerant bacterial strains from an electroplating effluent polluted soil sample in order to minimize/control metal pollution. pH, Temperature, Electrical Conductivity, Total Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Chloride, Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, Biological Oxygen Demand, and Chemical Oxygen Demand were all measured and evaluated in the zinc-containing electroplating effluent sample. The sixteen bacterial strains were isolated from a polluted soil sample with electroplating effluent and identified using morphological and biochemical features. Using nutritional agar medium enriched with zinc metal, all of the chosen strains were evaluated for metal tolerance. Only six bacterial strains were chosen as potential metal tolerant strains based on the screening study, and these strains were characterized under various environmental conditions such as different pH (pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9), different temperatures (5°C, 28°C, 37°C, and 45°C), and different metal concentrations (100ppm, 200ppm, 300ppm and 400ppm). Pseudomonas sp strain 1 was shown to be a better zinc resistant organism, according to the findings
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electroplating Effluent"
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Santos, Bruno Alexandre Quistorp. "Continuous bioremediation of electroplating effluent." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/865.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Magister Technologiae: Chemical Engineering
in the Faculty of
Engineering
at the
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
2013<br>There are significant quantities of free cyanide (F-CN) and heavy metal contaminated effluent being discharged from electroplating operations globally. However, there is an overwhelming tendency in the industry to use physical and/or chemical treatment methods for cyanides (CNs) and heavy metals in effluent. Although these methods may be effective for certain CNs and heavy metals, they produce toxic by-products and also involve high operational and capital investment costs when compared to bioremediation methods. In this study, the design of a two-stage membrane bioreactor (MBR) system was conceptualised for the bioremediation of CNs and heavy metals in the effluent which was collected from an electroplating facility located in the Western Cape, South Africa. The design included a primary inactive bioremediation stage, to reduce the impact of contaminate concentration fluctuations, and a secondary active bioremediation stage, to remove the residual contaminants, in the effluent under alkaline pH conditions which typify most industrial effluent containing these contaminants. An analysis of the electroplating effluent revealed that the effluent contained an average of 149.11 (± 9.31) mg/L, 5.25 (± 0.64) mg/L, 8.12 (± 4.78) mg/L, 9.05 (± 5.26) mg/L and 45.19 (± 25.89) mg/L of total cyanide (T-CN), F-CN, weak acid dissociable cyanides (WAD-CNs), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), respectively.
An Aspergillus sp., which displayed the characteristic black conidiophores of the Aspergillus section Nigri, was isolated from the electroplating facilities’ effluent discharge using a selective pectin agar (PA) and subcultured on 2% (v/v) antibiotic (10,000 units/L penicillin and 10 mg streptomycin/mL) potato dextrose agar (PDA). The isolate was tolerant to F-CN up to 430 mg F-CN/L on F-CN PDA plates which were incubated at 37 ˚C for 5 days. However, a significant decline in microbial growth was observed after 200 mg F-CN/L, thus indicating that the isolate was suitable for the bioremediation of the electroplating effluent. The identification of the isolate as Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) was definitively determined using a multi-gene phylogenetic analysis, utilising ITS (internal transcribed spacer), -tubulin and calmodulin gene regions. Although an anomaly in the morphology of the conidia of the isolate was observed during the morphological analysis, indicating a possible morphological mutation in the isolate. A comparative study between “sweet orange” (Citrus sinensis (C. sinensis)) pomace, “apple” (Malus domestica (M. domestica)) pomace, “sweetcorn” (Zea mays (Z. mays)) cob and “potato” (Solanum tuberosum (S. tuberosum)) peel, i.e. waste materials considered to be agricultural residues, was conducted in order to assess their potential and as a sole carbon source supplement for A. awamori biomass development for the bioremediation of CNs and heavy metals.
The suitability of these agricultural residues for these activities were as follows: C. sinensis pomace ˃ M. domestica pomace ˃ Z. mays cob ˃ S. tuberosum peel. For purpose of the sensitivity analysis, a temperature range of 20 to 50 ˚C and an alkaline pH range of 7 to 12 showed that: (1) optimal conditions for the uptake of Ni, Zn and Cu occurred at pH 12 and a temperature of 37.91 and 39.78 ˚C using active and inactive A. awamori biomass and unhydrolysed and hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace, respectively; (2) F-CN conversion increased linearly with an increase in pH and temperature using unhydrolysed and hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace; and (3) optimal conditions for the F-CN conversion and the respective by-products and sugar metabolism using active A. awamori biomass occurred at 37.02 ˚C and pH 8.75 and at conditions inversely proportional to F-CN conversion, respectively. The heavy metal affinity was Ni > Zn > Cu for all the biomaterials used and with the heavy metal uptake capacity being inactive A. awamori biomass > active A. awamori biomass > hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace > unhydrolysed C. sinensis pomace, respectively. Hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace had a 3.86 fold higher conversion of F-CN compared to the unhydrolysed C. sinensis pomace. The use of C. sinensis pomace extract as a nutrient media, derived from the acid hydrolysis of C. sinensis pomace, showed potential as a rich carbon-based supplement and also that low concentrations, < 0.1% (v/v), were required for the bioremediation of CNs and heavy metals.
The two-stage MBR system was operated at 40 ˚C since this temperature was conducive to the bioremediation of CN and heavy metals. The primary bioremediation stage contained hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace while the secondary bioremediation stage contained active A. awamori biomass, supplemented by the C. sinensis pomace extract. After the primary and secondary bioremediation stages, 76.37%, 95.37%, 93.26% and 94.76% (primary bioremediation stage) and 99.55%, 99.91%, 99.92% and 99.92% (secondary bioremediation stage) average bioremediation efficiencies for T-CN, Ni, Zn and Cu were achieved. Furthermore, the secondary bioremediation stage metabolised the CN conversion by-products with an efficiency of 99.81% and 99.75% for formate (CHOO-) and ammonium (NH4+), respectively. After the first, second and third acid regeneration cycles of the hydrolysed C. sinensis pomace, 99.13%, 99.12% and 99.04% (first regeneration cycle), 98.94%, 98.92% and 98.41% (second regeneration cycle) and 98.46%, 98.44% and 97.91% (third regeneration cycle) recovery efficiencies for Ni, Zn and Cu were achieved. However, the design only managed to treat the effluent for safe discharge and the use of a post-treatment stage, such as reverse osmosis, is recommended to remove the remainder of the trace contaminants and colour from the effluent to ensure that the effluent met the potable water standards for reuse. There was a relatively insignificant standard deviation (≤ 3.22%) detected in all the parameters measured in the continuous operation and this indicates the reproducibility of the bioremediation efficiency in this continuous system.
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Neto, Vicente de Oliveira Sousa. "ModificaÃÃo QuÃmica da Casca do Coco Bruto (Cocos Nucifera) para RemoÃÃo de Cu(II) de Efluente SintÃtico e Industrial: Estudo de Isoterma de AdsorÃÃo, CinÃtica e Coluna de Leito Fixo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8901.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico<br>Os metais pesados sÃo conhecidos por serem altamente tÃxicos em baixÃssimas concentraÃÃes na Ãgua. Sendo assim, numerosos estudos tem sido dedicados à sua remoÃÃo a limites aceitÃveis do ponto de vista ambiental. Tais pesquisas se concentram, principalmente, no desenvolvimento de uma remoÃÃo eficiente e de baixo custo. Muitos mÃtodos tÃm sido propostos para remoÃÃo de metais pesados, por exemplo, precipitaÃÃo, membranas filtrantes, troca iÃnica e adsorÃÃo. A precipitaÃÃo à um dos mÃtodos que mais vem sendo utilizado embora seja um mÃtodo inadequado no que se refere a impactos ambientais por gerar resÃduos.
A casca de coco oferece facilidade natural de ser encontrado e manejado, por isso à um dos materiais mais estudados para fins de reaproveitamento. Este trabalho se propÃe a fazer um estudo de adsorÃÃo de Cu+2 utilizando casca de coco modificado como adsorbente. As modificaÃÃes empregadas foram (a) por polimerizaÃÃo do formaldeÃdo em meio sulfÃrico; b) Tratamento com lÃquido iÃnico e c) EsterificaÃÃo por Ãcido multicarboxÃlicos e multifenÃlicos. Os modelos aplicados para o estudo de isotermas foram de Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin e Dubinin âRaduschevich. Aplicando o modelo de Langmuir no estudo de adsorÃÃo de Cu(II) no adsorbente modificado BCFB a capacidade mÃxima de adsorÃÃo qm e a constante KL foram 125 mg/g e 1,11x10-1 L.mg-1 para o Cu+2 . Para os adsorbentes BC/LI e BCTÃnico o valor de qm foram 64,5 e 99mg.g-1 , respectivamente enquanto o valor de KL foram 5,3x10-2 e 5,6x10-2 , respectivamente . O modelo cinÃtico que melhor se ajustou ao fenÃmeno foi o de segunda ordem. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a casca de coco quimicamente modificado à um potencial adsorbente para remoÃÃo de Cu+2. O estudo de coluna foi empregado para verificar a desempenho do adsorbente quando se emprega efluente industrial. Nas condiÃÃes empregadas neste estudo a modificaÃÃo com Ãcido tÃnico foi a que teve melhor desempenho de remoÃÃo. Destaca-se tambÃm a capacidade de reutilizaÃÃo do adsorbente que promove uma diminuiÃÃo do custo operacional quando à considerada sua aplicabilidade numa escala industrial.<br>The heavy metals are known to be highly toxic at very low concentrations in water. At this point, numerous studies have been dedicated to their removal to acceptable limits of an environmental point of view. Such researches are focused mainly in developing an efficient removal and low cost. Many methods have been proposed for removing heavy metals, for example, precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange and adsorption. The precipitation is one method that has been used more although an inappropriate method regarding the environmental impact for generating residues. The bagasse, coconut offers natural facility to be found and handled, so it is one of the most studied materials for reuse. This paper aims to make a study of adsorption of Cu 2+ using bagasse as adsorbent modified coconut. The modifications were employed (a) by polymerization of formaldehyde in sulfuric acid medium, b) treatment with ionic lÃguido c) Esterification acid and multicarboxÃlicos multifenÃlicos. The models applied to the study of isotherms were Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Raduschevich. Applying the model in the study of Langmuir Adsorption of Cu (II) adsorbent modified BCFB the maximum adsorption capacity qm and kL were contained 125 mg.g-1 and 1.11 x10-2L.mg for Cu +2. For adsorbentes BC / LI and BCTÃnico the qm value were 64.5 and 99mg.g-1 respectively as kL value were 5.3 x10-2 5.6 x10-2 respectively. The kinetic model that best fit the phenomenon was the second order. The results showed that the coconut coir chemically modified is a potential adsorbent for removing Cu2+. The study column was used to verify the performace of the adsorbent when employing industrial effluent. Under the conditions employed in this study was modified with tannic acid that had shown the best removal performance desempenho removal. Also the reusability of the adsorbent is remarkable since it promotes a lowering cost, considering its applicability on an industrial scale.
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Zhao, Ming. "Removal and recovery of heavy metals from synthetic solutions and electroplating effluents using yeast and the water fern Azolla filiculoides." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004061.
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The aims of the project were twofold. The initial objective of the study, based on previous results, was to develop an economically viable methodology for immobilizing yeast cells for the treatment of heavy metal-laden waste water. The non-viable yeast cross-linked by 13% (w/v) formaldehyde/1N HNO₃ exhibited satisfactory mechanical strength and rigidity in a continuous-flow column operation. No apparent disruption of the biomass after repeated use was observed. The cost of immobilizing 1kg dry yeast pellets was estimated at less than US$I. Zn uptake capacity of FA-cross-linked pellets, on batch trials, remained similar to that of raw yeast, reflecting that the immobilizing procedure did not hinder its metal removing capacity. In column studies, cation metals were effectively removed by the yeast pellets from aqueous solution at natural pHs, and then recovered completely by washing the pellets in situ with O.1M HCl. The recovered metals were concentrated in such small volumes that recycling or precipitation of them was facilitated. The metal uptake capacity of the regenerated biomass remained constant in comparison with cycle 1, indicating that reuse of the yeast would be possible. In the case of Cr⁶⁺, a gradual breakthrough curve of Cr in the column profile was noted, with a simultaneous reduction of Cr⁶⁺ to Cr³⁺. However, Cr⁶⁺ in the effluent can be markedly minimised either by accumulation onto the biomass or reduction to its trivalent form. Desorption of bound Cr⁶⁺ with either alkali or salt could not accomplish the regeneration of the biomass. A combination of reduction and desorption with FA/HNO₃ appeared promising in regeneration of the saturated biomass at 4°C. The metal sorption capacities of the yeast pellets, on a batch or a fixed-bed system are relatively lower than that of documented sorbents. Apparently more of the yeast pellets would be required for treating a certain volume of waste effluent, than with other sorbents. Therefore Azolla filiculoides was examined as a suitable sorbent for this purpose. This constitutes the second part of the project. Azolla filiculoides, a naturally-abundant water fern, was screened for its metal sorption and recovering capacities, mechanical stability, flow-permeability and reusability. The azolla biomass appeared to have fulfilled the required mechanical criteria during the repeated sorption-desorption column operations. It is water-insoluble and appears flexible under pressure when rinsed with water. These characters are of crucial importance in a continuous-flow system since a column can be operated at high flow rates without apparent compact of the biomass and pressure loss. Therefore, immobilization of the biomass can be avoided. The sorption isotherm data, obtained from batch removal of Cr⁶⁺, showed that the sorption process was effective, endothermic and highly pH dependent. Considerable amounts of Cr⁶⁺ were accumulated at the optimum pHs of 2-2.5. Column sorption of Cr⁶⁺ at a low flow rate and pH of 2.5 showed optimum performance with a total Cr uptake of 50.4mg/g at 60% saturation of the biomass. Removal of Cr⁶⁺ from an electroplating effluent using an azolla column was deemed reasonably satisfactory, although the uptake declined slightly. Desorption of bound Cr⁶⁺ with various desorbents was incomplete, which resulted in a low regeneration efficiency of about 50%. However, removal and recovery of Cr³⁺ using the azolla column was than that of Cr⁶⁺. Desorption of Cr³⁺ from the spent biomass column was accomplished with the recovery of 80% using O.5N H₂SO₄, The regeneration efficiencies for Cr³⁺ removal were up to 90% and demonstrated that the biomass is reusable. Cation metal uptake capacities of azolla, obtained either from batch or column experiments, are reasonably high in comparison with other sorbents. The uptake of Ni or Zn ions from solution is pH dependent showing the optimum pH of around 6 to 6.5, under the current experimental conditions. The sorption kinetics for cation metals was rapid with about 80% of the bound Ni ions being taken up in the first 10 min. The character of rapid binding is extremely important in a column sorption process, especially on a large scale since it favours an optimum uptake of metals at high flow rates. The Ni or Zn uptakes in column sorption were not markedly affected when the flow rates were increased from 80mllh up to 800ml/h for the 5g biomass used. The cation heavy metals removed from waste effluents were recovered in a concentrated solution of small volume. The desorption of bound Ni and Zn ions from the saturated biomass was accomplished with either O.2N HCl or H₂SO₄ that resulted in recoveries of more than 95%. The metals recovered, in the case of Ni and Zn, are identical to that of plating agents ego nickel sulphate or chloride, so that recycling of the metals is possible. An effluent-free, closed loop of Ni or Zn treatment system was proposed, whereby the Ni or Zn ions can be recycled to the plating bath whilst the purified water is fed back to the rinse tanks. Ca and Mg ions, commonly present in the electroplating effluents, appeared to affect sorption of heavy metals by azolla when metal concentrations were relatively low, presumedly through its competitive binding for the shared sites on surfaces of azolla. The data obtained from column sorption of Ni and Zn follows the BDST model well, enabling the application of the model to predicting design parameters for scale-up of the biosorption column system. It is interesting that the values of metal uptake, expressed in molar quantities, obtained on respective single-metal solutions and the multiple metal system, are similar, implying that the mechanisms involved in the sorption of all metal cations are similar and that the binding sites on surfaces of azolla are probably shared by all cation metals. The surface of the biomass provides sites for metal binding estimated in the range of 0.45-0.57mmol/g, based on the current experiments. The biomass has a surface area of 429 m²/g and water retention of 14.3 ml/g. The functional groups on the surface of azolla were partially identified using chemical modification and metal binding comparison. Among the functional groups examined, carboxyl groups, provided by amino acids and polysaccharides, appeared to play an important role in metal cation binding. The infrared spectra of the samples support this conclusion.
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Alves, Alvaro Cesar Dias. "Estudo da eficiência do processo de coagulação/floculação e do processo combinado de coagulação/floculação/adsorção para tratamento de águas residuárias de galvanoplastia utilizando Moringa oleífera." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2012. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1838.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-24<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the process of coagulation/ flocculation and coagulation/flocculation/adsorption combined process for treatment of liquid effluent from the electroplanting industry. Were used the moringa seed as a natural coagulant agent and moringa bark and string bean as adsorbents. Were evaluated the parameters COD, color, pH, turbidity and the concentration of metal ions Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni. In the stage of coagulation/ flocculation were used several concentrations of moringa in salt solution of NaCl 1 M and 0.1M. In the stage of the combined adsorbents were used moringa bark and string beans to determine which of the adsorbent had a better removal efficiency of metals. Tests were also conducted with different ranges of mass for the best adsorbent and variation of pH of the studied effluent. Tests of coagulation/flocculation showed good removal efficiency for the parameters COD, Color, Turbidity and the metals Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni using MO seed in salt solution 1M, these values being 90.49%, 78.34%, 95.13%, 25.29%, 84.30%, 51.11% and 24.74% respectively. In the tests of coagulation/flocculation/adsorption the maximum removal efficiencies were 91.41% for COD, 90.77% for color, 95.31% for Turbidity, 58.36% for Cr, 98.36% for Zn, 97,58% for Cu and 99.11% for Ni. The research showed that after the combined process the electroplanting effluent did not present the necessary characteristics for the released in to water bodies due to the high remaining concentration of Cr (1907.4 mg/L), Color (860 PtCo/L) and COD (330 mg/L). The research for the treatment process demonstrated great effectiveness for most parameters analyzed, however, its necessary to study complementary technologies for this type of treatment effluent in order to achieve an effluent within the release standards into the water bodies.<br>Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do processo de coagulação/floculação e do processo combinado de coagulação/floculação/adsorção para tratamento de efluente liquido da indústria galvânica. Foi utilizada a semente de moringa como coagulante natural e a casca e a vagem de moringa como adsorventes. Foram avaliados os parâmetros DQO, Cor, pH, Turbidez e a concentração dos íons metálicos Cr, Zn, Cu e Ni. Na etapa de coagulação/floculação foram utilizadas várias concentrações de moringa em solução salina de NaCl 1M e 0,1M. Na etapa do processo combinado foram utilizados os adsorventes casca e vagem de moringa para determinação do adsorvente com melhor eficiência de remoção dos metais. Também foram realizados ensaios com variação de massa do melhor adsorvente e variação do pH do efluente estudado. Os ensaios de coagulação/floculação mostraram boa eficiência de remoção dos parâmetros DQO, Cor, Turbidez e dos metais Cr, Zn, Cu e Ni utilizando semente de MO em solução salina 1M, sendo esses valores 90,49%, 78,34%, 95,13%, 25,29%, 84,30%, 51,11% e 24,74%, respectivamente. Nos ensaios de coagulação/floculação/adsorção as eficiências máximas de remoção foram 91,41% para DQO, 90,77% para Cor, 95,31% para Turbidez, 58,36% para Cr, 98,36% para Zn, 97,58% para Cu e 99,11% para Ni. Verificou-se que após o processo combinado o efluente galvânico não apresentou as características necessárias para lançamento em corpos hídricos em função da alta concentração remanescente de Cr (1907,4 mg/L), Cor (860 PtCo/L) e DQO (330 mg/L). Verificou-se que os processos de tratamento estudados demonstraram eficiência para a maioria dos parâmetros analisados, entretanto, fazem-se necessários estudar tecnologias complementares para o tratamento deste tipo de efluente com intuito de obter um efluente dentro dos padrões de lançamentos em corpos receptores.
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Tai, Yi-Ling, and 戴宜玲. "Investigation of work environment and wastewater effluent in the electroplating industry." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31332951374433850821.
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碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>環境工程與管理系碩士班<br>96<br>Electroplating industry has contributed to a lot to the economic development in Taiwan. However, agricultural land, groundwater, and agricultural crops are contaminated with the heavy metals due to the improper treatment and discharge of electroplating waster. This study aims to investigate the manufacturing process and characteristics of effluent of seven electroplating factories in central Taiwan. The influent and effluent were sampled and analyzed. The measured parameters are pH, ORP, EC, SAR and metals (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Al, Co, Fe, Mo, Si, W). Results show that pH(1factory) and Cd (5 factories) exceed the discharge standard. Compared to the irrigation standards, the effluent levels appear to exceed them with Cd (6 factories), Cr (6 factories), Ni (2 factories), Mo (4 factories), pH (1 factories), SAR (5 factories). These results indicate that the effluent, though coinciding with discharge standard, still show a higher levels than irrigation standard. SAR is found higher possibly due to the use of NaOH in the flushing of grease and oil attached in the metal surface. Compared to the irrigation standard, technical treatment and discharge standard of electroplating wastewater may need further evaluation and improvement to prevent the potential of soil, groundwater and agricultural crops contamination.
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"Removal and recovery of metal ions from electroplating effluent by chitin adsorption." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5890286.
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by Tsui Wai-chu.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-171).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>Acknowledgements --- p.i<br>Abstract --- p.ii<br>Abbreviations --- p.vii<br>Contents --- p.ix<br>Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Literature review --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Metal pollution in Hong Kong --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.2 --- Methods for removal of metal ions from industrial effluent --- p.4<br>Chapter A. --- Physico-chemical methods --- p.4<br>Chapter B. --- Biosorption --- p.7<br>Chapter 1.1.3 --- Chitin and chitosan --- p.11<br>Chapter A. --- History of chitin and chitosan --- p.11<br>Chapter B. --- Structures and sources of chitin and chitosan --- p.12<br>Chapter C. --- Characterization of chitin and chitosan --- p.17<br>Chapter D. --- Applications of chitin and chitosan --- p.19<br>Chapter 1.1.4 --- Factors affecting biosorption --- p.22<br>Chapter A. --- Solution pH --- p.22<br>Chapter B. --- Concentration of biosorbent --- p.24<br>Chapter C. --- Retention time --- p.25<br>Chapter D. --- Initial metal ion concentration --- p.26<br>Chapter E. --- Presence of other cations --- p.26<br>Chapter F. --- Presence of anions --- p.28<br>Chapter 1.1.5 --- Regeneration of metal ion-laden biosorbent --- p.28<br>Chapter 1.1.6 --- Modeling of biosorption --- p.29<br>Chapter A. --- Adsorption equilibria and adsorption isotherm --- p.29<br>Chapter B. --- Langmuir isotherm --- p.33<br>Chapter C. --- Freundlich isotherm --- p.34<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the present study --- p.36<br>Chapter 2. --- Materials and methods --- p.37<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Biosorbents --- p.37<br>Chapter 2.1.1 --- Production of biosorbents --- p.37<br>Chapter 2.1.2 --- Pretreatment of biosorbents --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Characterization of biosorbents --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.2.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.2.2 --- Protein assay --- p.40<br>Chapter 2.2.3 --- Metal analysis --- p.41<br>Chapter 2.2.4 --- Degree of N-deacetylation analysis --- p.43<br>Chapter A. --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.43<br>Chapter B. --- Elemental analysis --- p.43<br>Chapter 2.3 --- Batch biosorption experiment --- p.44<br>Chapter 2.4 --- Selection of biosorbent for metal ion removal --- p.45<br>Chapter 2.4.1 --- Effects of pretreatments of biosorbents on adsorption of Cu --- p.45<br>Chapter A. --- Washing --- p.45<br>Chapter B. --- Pre-swelling --- p.46<br>Chapter 2.4.2 --- "Comparison of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal capacities among three biosorbents" --- p.46<br>Chapter 2.4.3 --- Comparison of Cu2+ removal capacity of chitins with various degrees of N-deacetylation --- p.46<br>Chapter 2.5 --- "Effects of physico-chemical conditions on Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ adsorption by chitin A" --- p.48<br>Chapter 2.5.1 --- Solution pH and concentration of biosorbent --- p.48<br>Chapter 2.5.2 --- Retention time --- p.48<br>Chapter 2.5.3 --- Initial metal ion concentration --- p.49<br>Chapter 2.5.4 --- Presence of other cations --- p.49<br>Chapter 2.5.5 --- Presence of anions --- p.51<br>Chapter 2.6 --- Optimization of Cu2+，Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal efficiencies --- p.53<br>Chapter 2.7 --- "Recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from metal ion-laden chitin A" --- p.53<br>Chapter 2.7.1 --- Performances of various eluents on metal ion recovery --- p.53<br>Chapter 2.7.2 --- Multiple adsorption and desorption cycle of metal ions --- p.54<br>Chapter 2.8 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by chitin A --- p.54<br>Chapter 2.8.1 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths" --- p.54<br>Chapter 2.8.2 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank" --- p.55<br>Chapter 2.9 --- Data analysis --- p.56<br>Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.58<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Characterization of biosorbents --- p.58<br>Chapter 3.1.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.58<br>Chapter 3.1.2 --- Protein assay --- p.58<br>Chapter 3.1.3 --- Metal analysis --- p.58<br>Chapter 3.1.4 --- Degree of N-deacetylation analysis --- p.62<br>Chapter A. --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.62<br>Chapter B. --- Elemental analysis --- p.62<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Selection of biosorbent for metal ion removal --- p.67<br>Chapter 3.2.1 --- Effects of pretreatments of biosorbents on adsorption of Cu2+ --- p.67<br>Chapter A. --- Washing --- p.67<br>Chapter B. --- Pre-swelling --- p.67<br>Chapter 3.2.2 --- "Comparison of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal capacities among three biosorbents" --- p.67<br>Chapter 3.2.3 --- Comparison of Cu2+ removal capacity of chitins with various degrees of N-deacetylation --- p.70<br>Chapter 3.3 --- "Effects of physico-chemical conditions on Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ adsorption by chitin A" --- p.70<br>Chapter 3.3.1 --- Solution pH and concentration of biosorbent --- p.70<br>Chapter 3.3.2 --- Retention time --- p.78<br>Chapter 3.3.3 --- Initial metal ion concentration --- p.80<br>Chapter 3.3.4 --- Presence of other cations --- p.93<br>Chapter 3.3.5 --- Presence of anions --- p.93<br>Chapter 3.4 --- "Optimization of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal efficiencies" --- p.104<br>Chapter 3.5 --- "Recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from metal ion-laden chitin A" --- p.104<br>Chapter 3.5.1 --- Performances of various eluents on metal ion recovery --- p.104<br>Chapter 3.5.2 --- Multiple adsorption and desorption cycle of metal ions --- p.109<br>Chapter 3.6 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by chitin A --- p.117<br>Chapter 3.6.1 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths" --- p.117<br>Chapter 3.6.2 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank" --- p.121<br>Chapter 4. --- Discussion --- p.128<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Characterization of biosorbents --- p.128<br>Chapter 4.1.1 --- Chitin assay --- p.128<br>Chapter 4.1.2 --- Protein assay --- p.129<br>Chapter 4.1.3 --- Metal analysis --- p.129<br>Chapter 4.1.4 --- Degree of N-deacetylation analysis --- p.130<br>Chapter A. --- Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy --- p.130<br>Chapter B. --- Elemental analysis --- p.132<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Selection of biosorbent for metal ion removal --- p.133<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effects of pretreatments of biosorbents on adsorption of Cu2+ --- p.133<br>Chapter A. --- Washing --- p.133<br>Chapter B. --- Pre-swelling --- p.133<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- "Comparison of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal capacities among three biosorbents" --- p.134<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Comparison of Cu2+ removal capacity of chitins with various degrees of N-deacetylation --- p.136<br>Chapter 4.3 --- "Effects of physico-chemical conditions on Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ adsorption by chitin A" --- p.137<br>Chapter 4.3.1 --- Solution pH and concentration of biosorbent --- p.137<br>Chapter 4.3.2 --- Retention time --- p.138<br>Chapter 4.3.3 --- Initial metal ion concentration --- p.139<br>Chapter 4.3.4 --- Presence of other cations --- p.141<br>Chapter 4.3.5 --- Presence of anions --- p.143<br>Chapter 4.4 --- "Optimization of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal efficiencies" --- p.147<br>Chapter 4.5 --- "Recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+and Zn2+ from metal ion-laden chitin A" --- p.148<br>Chapter 4.5.1 --- Performances of various eluents on metal ion recovery --- p.148<br>Chapter 4.5.2 --- Multiple adsorption and desorption cycle of metal ions --- p.149<br>Chapter 4.6 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by chitin A --- p.150<br>Chapter 4.6.1 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths" --- p.150<br>Chapter 4.6.2 --- "Removal and recovery of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank" --- p.152<br>Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.154<br>Chapter 6. --- Further studies --- p.156<br>Chapter 7. --- Summary --- p.158<br>Chapter 8. --- References --- p.161
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"Removal of nickel ion (Ni2+) from electroplating effluent by Enterobacter sp. immobilized on magnetites." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887283.
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by Fung King-yuen Debera.<br>On t.p., "2+" is superscript.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-112).<br>Acknowledgement --- p.i<br>Abstract --- p.ii<br>Table of Content --- p.iv<br>Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Literature review --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Problems of heavy metals in the environment --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.2 --- Methods of removal of heavy metal from industrial effluent --- p.5<br>Chapter 1.1.3 --- The properties of magnetites --- p.10<br>Chapter 1.1.4 --- Role of magnetites in water treatment --- p.12<br>Chapter 1.1.5 --- The advantages of using magnetites and further application of magnetites --- p.16<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the study --- p.21<br>Chapter 2. --- Materials and methods --- p.23<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Selection of the organisms --- p.23<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Culture media and chemicals --- p.23<br>Chapter 2.3 --- Growth of the bacterial cells --- p.25<br>Chapter 2.4 --- Immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.27<br>Chapter 2.4.1 --- Effects of chemical and physical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.27<br>Chapter 2.4.2 --- Effect of pH on the desorption of cells from magnetites --- p.28<br>Chapter 2.5 --- Nickel ion uptake experiments --- p.28<br>Chapter 2.6 --- Effects of operational conditions on the nickel removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.29<br>Chapter 2 .6.1 --- Effect of physical factors --- p.29<br>Chapter 2.6.2 --- Effect of chemical factors --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.7 --- Optimization of the nickel removal efficiency --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.8 --- Nickel adsorption isotherm of the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.9 --- Recovery of adsorbed Ni2+ from the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.31<br>Chapter 2.9.1 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Ni2+ by using citrate buffer --- p.32<br>Chapter 2.9.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Ni2+ by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) --- p.33<br>Chapter 2.10 --- Effect of acidic treatment --- p.33<br>Chapter 2.10.1 --- Effect of acidic treatment on the nickel removal capacity of the magnetites and the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.33<br>Chapter 2.10.2 --- Effect of acidic treatment on the recovery of the adsorbed Ni2+ from magnetites and the magnetite- immobilized cells Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.34<br>Chapter 2.11 --- Removal and recovery of Ni2+ from the electroplating effluent --- p.34<br>Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.36<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Effects of chemical and physical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.36<br>Chapter 3.1.1 --- Effect of pH --- p.36<br>Chapter 3.1.2 --- Effect of cells to magnetites ratio --- p.36<br>Chapter 3.1.3 --- Effect of temperature --- p.39<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Effect of pH on the desorption of cells from magnetites --- p.39<br>Chapter 3.3 --- Nickel ion uptake experiments --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.4 --- Effects of operational conditions on the nickel removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effect of reaction temperature --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effect of retention time --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effect of pH --- p.47<br>Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effect of the presence of cations --- p.50<br>Chapter 3.4.5 --- Effect of the presence of anions --- p.50<br>Chapter 3.5 --- Optimization of the nickel removal efficiency --- p.55<br>Chapter 3.6 --- Nickel adsorption isotherm of the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.55<br>Chapter 3.7 --- Recovery of adsorbed Ni2+ from the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.59<br>Chapter 3.7.1 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Ni2+ by using citrate buffer --- p.59<br>Chapter 3.7.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Ni2+ by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) --- p.63<br>Chapter 3.8 --- Effect of acidic treatment --- p.63<br>Chapter 3.8.1 --- Effect of acidic treatment on the nickel removal capacity of the magnetites and the magnetite-immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.63<br>Chapter 3.8.2 --- Effect of acidic treatment on the recovery of the adsorbed Ni2+ from the magnetites and the magnetite-immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.66<br>Chapter 3.9 --- Removal and recovery of Ni2+ from the electroplating effluent --- p.69<br>Chapter 4. --- Discussion --- p.72<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Selection of the organisms --- p.72<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Effects of chemical and physical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.72<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effect of pH --- p.72<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effect of cells to magnetites ratio --- p.74<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Effect of temperature --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.2.4 --- Effect of pH on the desorption of cells from magnetites --- p.76<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Nickel ion uptake experiments --- p.78<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Effects of operational conditions on the nickel removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.80<br>Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effect of reaction temperature --- p.80<br>Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effect of retention time --- p.81<br>Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of pH --- p.82<br>Chapter 4.4.4 --- Effect of the presence of cations --- p.83<br>Chapter 4.4.5 --- Effect of the presence of anions --- p.84<br>Chapter 4.5 --- Optimization of the nickel removal efficiency --- p.85<br>Chapter 4.6 --- Nickel adsorption isotherm of the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.86<br>Chapter 4.7 --- Recovery of adsorbed Ni2+ from the magnetite- immobilized cells of Enterobacter sp4-2 --- p.87<br>Chapter 4.7.1 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption of Ni2+ --- p.89<br>Chapter 4.7.2 --- Effect of acidic treatment on the nickel removal capacity and recovery --- p.91<br>Chapter 4.8 --- Removal and recovery of Ni2+ from the electroplating effluent --- p.93<br>Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.96<br>Chapter 6. --- Summary --- p.99<br>Chapter 7. --- References --- p.102
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"Ecotoxicological study on effluent from electroplating industry =: 電鍍工業廢水之生態毒理硏究". 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896027.
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by Wong Suk Ying.<br>Thesis submitted in: November 2001.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-157).<br>Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>by Wong Suk Ying.<br>Acknowledgments --- p.i<br>Abstract --- p.ii<br>Contents --- p.v<br>List of Figures --- p.x<br>List of Tables --- p.xvi<br>Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Electroplating Industry in Hong Kong --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Typical stages in electroplating process --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1.1 --- Pre-treatment --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1.2 --- Electroplating --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.1.1.3 --- Post-treatment --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.1.2 --- Typical characteristics of wastestreams from electroplating industry --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Chemical Specific Approach against Toxicity Based Approach --- p.6<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Ecotoxicological Study on Electroplating Effluent --- p.7<br>Chapter 1.4 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation --- p.8<br>Chapter 1.4.1 --- Phase I: Toxicity Characterization --- p.9<br>Chapter 1.4.2 --- Phase II: Toxicity Identification --- p.10<br>Chapter 1.4.3 --- Phase III: Toxicity Confirmation --- p.12<br>Chapter 1.5 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation on Electroplating Effluent --- p.14<br>Chapter 1.6 --- Selection of Organisms for Bioassays --- p.15<br>Chapter 1.6.1 --- Organism used for toxicity identification evaluation --- p.17<br>Chapter 2. --- OBJECTIVES --- p.20<br>Chapter 3. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.21<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Source of Samples --- p.21<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Baseline Toxicity Test --- p.21<br>Chapter 3.2.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.23<br>Chapter 3.2.2 --- Growth inhibition test of a marine unicellular microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa CU-2 --- p.25<br>Chapter 3.2.3 --- Survival test of a marine amphipod Hylae crassicornis --- p.28<br>Chapter 3.2.4 --- Survival test of a marine shrimp juvenile Metapenaeus ensis --- p.31<br>Chapter 3.3 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Toxicity Characterization --- p.34<br>Chapter 3.3.1 --- pH adjustment filtration test --- p.35<br>Chapter 3.3.2 --- Aeration test --- p.36<br>Chapter 3.3.3 --- C18 solid phase extraction test --- p.37<br>Chapter 3.3.4 --- EDTA chelation test --- p.38<br>Chapter 3.3.5 --- Graduated pH test --- p.40<br>Chapter 3.4 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase II Toxicity Identification --- p.41<br>Chapter 3.4.1 --- Filter extraction test --- p.41<br>Chapter 3.4.2 --- Total metal content analysis --- p.42<br>Chapter 3.5 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase III Toxicity Confirmation --- p.43<br>Chapter 3.5.1 --- Chemicals --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.5.2 --- Mass balance test --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.5.3 --- Spiking test --- p.44<br>Chapter 4. --- RESULTS --- p.46<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Chemical Characteristics of the Electroplating Effluent Samples --- p.46<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Baseline Toxicity --- p.46<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Toxicity of electroplating effluent samples on Microtox® test --- p.46<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Toxicity of electroplating effluent samples on growth inhibition test of microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa CU-2 --- p.46<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Toxicity of electroplating effluent samples on survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.52<br>Chapter 4.2.4 --- Toxicity of electroplating effluent samples on survival test of shrimp juvenile Metapenaeus ensis --- p.52<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Toxicity Characterization --- p.52<br>Chapter 4.3.1 --- Toxicity Characterization of electroplating effluent samples using Microtox® test --- p.56<br>Chapter 4.3.2 --- Toxicity Characterization of electroplating effluent samples using microalgal growth inhibition test of Chlorella pyrenoidosa CU-2 --- p.59<br>Chapter 4.3.3 --- Toxicity Characterization of electroplating effluent samples using survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.65<br>Chapter 4.3.4 --- Toxicity Characterization of electroplating effluent samples using survival test of shrimp juvenile Metapenaeus ensis --- p.68<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase II Toxicity Identification --- p.73<br>Chapter 4.4.1 --- Metal analysis on the electroplating effluents --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effect of filter extraction test on toxicity recovery of the electroplating effluent samples --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.4.2.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.4.2.2 --- Growth inhibition test of microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa CU-2 --- p.75<br>Chapter 4.4.2.3 --- Survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.81<br>Chapter 4.4.2.4 --- Survival test of shrimp juvenile Metapenaeus ensis --- p.90<br>Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of filter extraction test on metal ions recovery of the electroplating effluent samples --- p.90<br>Chapter 4.5 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase III Toxicity Confirmation --- p.96<br>Chapter 4.5.1 --- Mass balance test results on Microtox® test --- p.96<br>Chapter 4.5.2 --- Mass balance test results on survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.104<br>Chapter 4.5.3 --- Spiking test results on Microtox® test --- p.106<br>Chapter 4.5.4 --- Spiking test results on survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.113<br>Chapter 5. --- DISCUSSION --- p.118<br>Chapter 5.1 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Baseline Toxicity --- p.118<br>Chapter 5.2 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase I Toxicity Characterization --- p.119<br>Chapter 5.2.1 --- pH adjustment filtration test --- p.119<br>Chapter 5.2.2 --- Aeration test --- p.120<br>Chapter 5.2.3 --- C18 solid phase extraction test --- p.120<br>Chapter 5.2.4 --- EDTA chelation test --- p.120<br>Chapter 5.2.5 --- Graduated pH test --- p.121<br>Chapter 5.3 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase II Toxicity Identification --- p.122<br>Chapter 5.3.1 --- Metal analysis on the electroplating effluents --- p.122<br>Chapter 5.3.2 --- Effect of filter extraction test on toxicity and metal ions recovery of the electroplating effluent samples --- p.123<br>Chapter 5.3.3 --- Comparison between the concentrations of the metal ions in the electroplating effluent samples with the Technical Memorandum on standards for effluent discharged --- p.124<br>Chapter 5.3.4 --- Comparison between the concentrations of the metal ions in the electroplating effluent samples with the toxicity of the metal ions reported in the literature --- p.124<br>Chapter 5.3.4.1 --- Microtox® test --- p.126<br>Chapter 5.3.4.2 --- Microalga --- p.126<br>Chapter 5.3.4.3 --- Amphipod --- p.126<br>Chapter 5.3.4.4 --- Shrimp --- p.126<br>Chapter 5.4 --- Toxicity Identification Evaluation: Phase III Toxicity Confirmation --- p.131<br>Chapter 5.4.1 --- Mass balance test on Microtox® test --- p.132<br>Chapter 5.4.2 --- Mass balance test on survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.133<br>Chapter 5.4.3 --- Spiking test on Microtox® test --- p.133<br>Chapter 5.4.4 --- Spiking test on survival test of amphipod Hyale crassicornis --- p.134<br>Chapter 5.5 --- Toxicity of the Metal Ions Identified as the Toxicants in the Electroplating Effluent --- p.135<br>Chapter 5.5.1 --- Copper --- p.135<br>Chapter 5.5.2 --- Nickel --- p.137<br>Chapter 5.5.3 --- Zinc --- p.138<br>Chapter 5.6 --- Summary --- p.140<br>Chapter 6. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.142<br>Chapter 7. --- REFERENCES --- p.144<br>Chapter 7.1 --- APPENDIXES --- p.158
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"Removal and recovery of copper ion (Cu²⁽) from electroplating effluent by pseudomonas putida 5-X immobilized on magnetites." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888810.
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by Sze Kwok Fung Calvin.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-130).<br>Acknowledgement --- p.i<br>Abstract --- p.ii<br>Content --- p.iv<br>Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Literature review --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Heavy metals in the environment --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1.2 --- Heavy metal pollution in Hong Kong --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.1.3 --- Electroplating industry in Hong Kong --- p.6<br>Chapter 1.1.4 --- Chemistry and toxicity of copper in the environment --- p.7<br>Chapter 1.1.5 --- Methods of removal of heavy metal from industrial effluent --- p.9<br>Chapter A. --- Physico-chemical methods --- p.9<br>Chapter B. --- Biological methods --- p.9<br>Chapter 1.1.6 --- Methods of recovery of heavy metal from metal-loaded biosorbent --- p.17<br>Chapter 1.1.7 --- The physico-chemical properties of magnetites --- p.18<br>Chapter 1.1.8 --- Magnetites for water and wastewater treatment --- p.19<br>Chapter 1.1.9 --- Immobilized cell technology --- p.24<br>Chapter 1.1.10 --- Stirrer-tank bioreactor --- p.26<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the present study --- p.28<br>Chapter 2. --- Materials and Methods --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Selection of copper-resistant bacteria --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Culture media and chemicals --- p.30<br>Chapter 2.3 --- Growth of the bacterial cells --- p.32<br>Chapter 2.4 --- Immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.32<br>Chapter 2.4.1 --- Effects of physical and chemical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.34<br>Chapter 2.4.2 --- Effects of pH on the desorption of bacterial cells from magnetites --- p.34<br>Chapter 2.5 --- Copper ion uptake experiments --- p.35<br>Chapter 2.6 --- Effects of physico-chemical and operational factors on the Cu2+ removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.35<br>Chapter 2.7 --- Transmission electron micrograph and scanning electron micrograph of Pseudomonas putida 5-X loaded with Cu2+ --- p.36<br>Chapter 2.7.1 --- Transmission electron micrograph --- p.36<br>Chapter 2.7.2 --- Scanning electron micrograph --- p.37<br>Chapter 2.8 --- Copper ion adsorption isotherm of the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.37<br>Chapter 2.9 --- Recovery of adsorbed Cu2+ from the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.38<br>Chapter 2.9.1 --- Effects of eluents on the Cu2+ removal and recovery capacity of the magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.38<br>Chapter 2.9.2 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Cu2+ using ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.10 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from the electroplating effluent by a bioreactor --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.10.1 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles using the copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.39<br>Chapter 2.10.2 --- Continuous type bioreactor to remove and recover Cu2+ from copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.40<br>Chapter 2.11 --- Statistical analysis of data --- p.43<br>Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Effects of physical and chemical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.1.1 --- Effects of cells to magnetites ratio --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.1.2 --- Effects of pH --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.1.3 --- Effects of temperature --- p.44<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Effects of pH on the desorption of bacterial cells from magnetites --- p.49<br>Chapter 3.3 --- Copper ion uptake experiments --- p.49<br>Chapter 3.4 --- Effects of physico-chemical and operational factors on the Cu2+ removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.49<br>Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of pH --- p.49<br>Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of temperature --- p.53<br>Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effects of retention time --- p.53<br>Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effects of cations --- p.53<br>Chapter 3.4.5 --- Effects of anions --- p.57<br>Chapter 3.5 --- Transmission electron micrograph of Pseudomonas putida 5-X loaded with Cu2+ --- p.62<br>Chapter 3.6 --- Scanning electron micrograph of Pseudomonas putida 5-X loaded with Cu2+ --- p.62<br>Chapter 3.7 --- Copper ion adsorption isotherm of the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.68<br>Chapter 3.8 --- Recovery of adsorbed Cu2+ from the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.68<br>Chapter 3.8.1 --- Effects of eluents on the Cu2+ removal and recovery capacity of the magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.68<br>Chapter 3.8.2 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Cu2+ using ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) --- p.74<br>Chapter 3.9 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from the electroplating effluent by a bioreactor --- p.74<br>Chapter 3.9.1 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles using the copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.74<br>Chapter 3.9.2 --- Continuous type bioreactor to remove and recover Cu2+ from copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.81<br>Chapter 4. --- Discussion --- p.89<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Selection of copper-resistant bacteria --- p.89<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Effects of physical and chemical factors on the immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.89<br>Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effects of cells to magnetites ratio --- p.89<br>Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effects of pH --- p.90<br>Chapter 4.2.3 --- Effects of temperature --- p.91<br>Chapter 4.2.4 --- Effects of pH on the desorption of bacterial cells from magnetites --- p.92<br>Chapter 4.3 --- Copper ion uptake experiments --- p.93<br>Chapter 4.4 --- Effects of physico-chemical and operational factors on the Cu2+ removal capacity of the magnetite-immobilized bacterial cells --- p.94<br>Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effects of pH --- p.95<br>Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effects of temperature --- p.96<br>Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effects of retention time --- p.97<br>Chapter 4.4.4 --- Effects of cations --- p.98<br>Chapter 4.4.5 --- Effects of anions --- p.101<br>Chapter 4.5 --- Transmission electron micrograph of Pseudomonas putida 5-X loaded with Cu2+ --- p.101<br>Chapter 4.6 --- Scanning electron micrograph of Pseudomonas putida 5-X loaded with Cu2+ --- p.102<br>Chapter 4.7 --- Copper ion adsorption isotherm of the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.103<br>Chapter 4.8 --- Recovery of adsorbed Cu2+ from the magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5-X --- p.104<br>Chapter 4.8.1 --- Effects of eluents on the Cu2+ removal and recovery capacity of the magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.104<br>Chapter 4.8.2 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles of Cu2+ using ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA) --- p.105<br>Chapter 4.9 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from the electroplating effluent by a bioreactor --- p.107<br>Chapter 4.9.1 --- Batch type multiple adsorption-desorption cycles using the copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.107<br>Chapter 4.9.2 --- Continuous type bioreactor to remove and recover Cu2+ from copper solution and electroplating effluent --- p.108<br>Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.110<br>Chapter 6. --- Summary --- p.112<br>Chapter 7. --- References --- p.115
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Machado, Maria Manuela Dias. "Removal and selective recovery of heavy metals from electroplating effluents." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/58355.
Full textBooks on the topic "Electroplating Effluent"
1
Gabra, Georges. Evolution technologique et effluents industriels: De l'élimination à la récupération des métaux lourds dans les effluents des industries de revêtement de surface. Gouvernement du Québec, Ministère de l'environnement, 1989.
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Technical assessment of new emission control technologies used in the hard chromium electroplating industry. The Office, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Electroplating Effluent"
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Sharma, Deepak, Abhinesh Prajapati, Raghwendra Singh Thakur, Ghoshna Jyoti, and Parmesh Kumar Chaudhari. "Removal of Cr (VI) and Pb from Electroplating Effluent Using Ceramic Membrane." In Membrane and Membrane-Based Processes for Wastewater Treatment. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003165019-14.
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Lanka, Suseela, and Sowjanya Goud Murari. "Aquatic Plants in Phytoextraction of Hexavalent Chromium and Other Metals from Electroplating Effluents." In Advances in Bioremediation and Phytoremediation for Sustainable Soil Management. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89984-4_8.
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Gando-Ferreira, Licínio M. "Application of Ion Exchange Resins in Selective Separation of Cr(III) from Electroplating Effluents." In Ion Exchange Technology II. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4026-6_12.
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Tahir, Arifa. "Resistant Fungal Biodiversity of Electroplating Effluent and Their Metal Tolerance Index." In Electroplating. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/34624.
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Sethuraman, Venkatesan, Karupannan Aravindh, Perumalsamy Ramasamy, Bosco Christin Maria Arputham Ashwin, and Paulpandian Muthu Mareeswaran. "Treatment of Textile Dye Effluent by Electrochemical Method." In Advances in Dye Degradation. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815179545123010007.
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This chapter discusses the electrochemical aqueous solution-based breakdown of synthetic textile colours. Several dyeing and finishing industries produce a significant amount of dye wastewater. For the treatment of effluent water, the electrochemical technique is being studied. The discharge of textile wastewater likewise rises as there are more textile industries. So, in recent years, the electrochemical degradation of industrial effluents has gained popularity. Conductivity, pH, process detention times, total suspended solids (TSS), heavy metals, emulsified oils, bacteria, and other pollutants from water are operating factors in electrochemical treatment. Utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), reactive synthetic textile dyes' electrochemical behaviour has been reviewed. Studies on chemical oxygen demand (COD), UV-Vis, and CV are chosen to assess the effectiveness of degradation. There are numerous additional businesses that require electrochemical technologies for purifying effluent water. Metal recovery, tanneries, electroplating, dairies, textile processing, oil and oil in water emulsion, and other businesses are among them.
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Kumar, Vinay, Garima Singh, S. K. Dwivedi, A. K. Chaudhari, and A. R. Tripathi. "Recovery of valuable metals from electroplating effluent." In Resource Recovery in Industrial Waste Waters. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-95327-6.00036-1.
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Gonçalves, Bruna Cristina, Luma de Oliveira, Gersiane Barp, et al. "Technologies for the recovery of nickel and copper from electroplating industrial effluent." In Metal Value Recovery from Industrial Waste Using Advanced Physicochemical Treatment Technologies. Elsevier, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-21884-2.00010-1.
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Oke, Isaiah Adesola, Lukman Salihu, Aladesanmi Temitope A., Fehintola Ezekiel Oluwaseun, Amoko S. Justinah, and Hammed O. Oloyede. "Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1871-7.ch008.
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This chapter presents an overview of over 529 articles on designs, models, laboratory setups, and applications of electrochemical processes from 1973 to 2017 with particular attention paid to the removal of emerging environmental pollutants. The chapter demonstrates that electrochemical and advanced oxidation processes are efficient despite the economic implications of the technologies. The electrodes in use arranged from monopolar to bipolar mode, which varies from the electroplating baths, recalcitrant organic contaminants, and eluates of an ion-exchange unit and the number of electrodes in a stack to a variant of rotating cathode cell. Application of the process can be in the form of a static anode and a rotating disk cathode. The narrow spacing between the electrodes in the pump cells allow the entrance of the effluent and effective wastewater treatment. It was concluded that electrochemical treatment techniques have a variety of laboratory setups and a wider range of applications.
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Sze, K. F., Y. J. Lu, and P. K. Wong. "Removal and recovery of copper ion (Cu2+) from electroplating effluent by a bioreactor containing magnetite-immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida 5X*." In Global Environmental Biotechnology, Proceedings of the Third Biennial Meeting of the International Society for Environmental Biotechnology. Elsevier, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-1116(97)80040-4.
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Rani, Neeraj, and Mohkam-Singh. "Remediation of Soil Impacted by Heavy Metal Using Farm Yard Manure, Vermicompost, Biochar and Poultry Manure." In Soil Science - Emerging Technologies, Global Perspectives and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105536.
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Soil contamination by organic and inorganic compounds is a universal concern nowadays. One such contamination is heavy metal exposure to the soil from different sources. The discharge of effluents from various factories in Punjab like tanning industries, leather industries, and electroplating industries generate a large volume of industrial effluents. These industrial units discharge their effluents directly or through the sewer into a water tributary (Buddha Nallah) and this water is being used for irrigating the crops. The heavy metals enter into the food chain thus contaminating all resources i.e. air, soil, food, and water. Preventive and remedial measures should be taken to reduce the effects of heavy metals from soil and plants. Organic soil amendments like FYM, Vermicomposting, Biochar, and poultry manure have been used to deactivate heavy metals by changing their forms from highly bioavailable forms to the much less bioavailable forms associated with organic matter (OM), metal oxides, or carbonates. These amendments have significant immobilizing effects on heavy metals because of the presence of humic acids which bind with a wide variety of metal(loid)s including Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb.
Conference papers on the topic "Electroplating Effluent"
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Chen, Yun-nen, Jin-xia Nie, and Jin Liu. "Research on the treatment of electroplating effluent." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5774518.
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Karuppaiah, Tamilarasan, Shabarish Shankaran, and Godvin Sharmila Vincent. "Effluent therapy of electroplating industry through HUASB coupled with dual chambered microbial fuel cell." In 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE DESIGN, ANALYSIS & DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES IN AEROSPACE & AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING: I-DAD’22. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0139402.
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Hasan, Diya'uddeen Basheer, M. K. Ghengesh, M. A. Abu Hassan, et al. "Use of a membrane bioreactor in effluent treatment from electroplating industry: Oil and grease." In 2011 National Postgraduate Conference (NPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/natpc.2011.6136254.
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Gupta, Vandana, Athira Nair, and Saurabh Pandey. "A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH FOR TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER USING CHICKEN FEATHERS." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/44.
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Since the last few decades, environmental remediation through a sustainable approach is gaining importance. One such attempt has been made in the present work to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents using one of the most prominent animal wastes, the chicken feathers. Biosorption has been a promising technique to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents. In the present work, cleaned but untreated chicken feathers were used to remove Cu(II) ions from electroplating industry wastewater. The physicochemical characteristics like colour, pH, ash content, iodine number and bulk density of chicken feathers were also determined. The FT-IR spectrum of chicken feathers did not show a recognizable difference after biosorption which indicated physical adsorption. The adsorption isotherm study showed that the Freundich isotherm model was the best fit as compared to Langmuir isotherm model. The results obtained were supported statistically by using Chi-square test. In the desorption study, EDTA was found to be a most effective desorbing agent in comparison with acid, alkali and deionized water. Thus, the present work explores the efficiency of chicken feathers to act as biosrbent as remove heavy metals from industrial effluents in a simple, economic and sustainable manner