Relevant bibliographies by topics / Equation of formation of liquid films

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Equation of formation of liquid films'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Gorla, Madhu Sudan Reddy, and Rama Subba Reddy Gorla. "Nonlinear Theory of Tear Film Rupture." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 122, no. 5 (2000): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1289997.

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Nonlinear thin film rupture has been analyzed by investigating the stability of tear films to finite amplitude disturbances. The dynamics of the liquid film is formulated using the Navier–Stokes equations, including a body force term due to van der Waals attractions. The governing equation was solved by the finite difference method as part of an initial value problem for spatial periodic boundary conditions. The rupture of the tear film covering the cornea and the formation of dry spots is an important phenomenon in various pathological states associated with a dry eye. [S0148-0731(00)00605-1]
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WEISS, DANIEL A., and ALEXANDER L. YARIN. "Single drop impact onto liquid films: neck distortion, jetting, tiny bubble entrainment, and crown formation." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 385 (April 25, 1999): 229–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211209800411x.

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Single drop impact onto liquid films is simulated numerically. Surface tension and gravity are taken into account, whereas viscosity and compressibility are neglected. This permits recourse to a boundary-integral method, based on an integral equation for a scalar velocity potential. Calculations are performed for normal impacts resulting in axisymmetric flows.For times that are small compared to the characteristic time of impact 2R/w0 (R being the drop radius, w0 its initial velocity towards the liquid film), it is found that a disk-like jet forms at the neck between the drop and the pre-exist
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A. Kuibin, Pavel, and Oleg V. Sharypov. "Vortex Generation in a Thin Liquid Layer under the Effect of Moving Heater." Siberian Journal of Physics 3, no. 2 (2008): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2008-3-2-40-46.

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An effect of moving local heater on the flow structure in a thin liquid layer on horizontal substrate is analyzed. The 2-D problem is considered under boundary layer approximation. For the case of small Reynolds numbers the steadystate equation is derived for description of the liquid film deformation in the accompanying frame of reference. The obtained equation can be applied in particular at horizontal substrate orientation. The results of simulations of the film thickness, pressure and liquid velocity at a given model temperature distribution on a free surface are presented. The dependencie
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McHugh, J. P., and D. Barkey. "Nonlinear evolution of a thin anodic film." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2202 (2017): 20160930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0930.

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The formation of pores in anodic aluminium oxide films is treated with a model equation. The model treats the oxide layer as a thin viscous liquid in two dimensions. Surface tension on the top boundary, electrostriction due to the external electric field and mass flow through the bottom boundary due to oxide formation are all included. Viscous flow is treated with the creeping flow assumption. The model equation is solved numerically using a Fourier spectral method in space and Adams–Bashforth/Adams–Moulton methods in time. Initial conditions include sinusoidal shapes as well as random shapes.
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Jeong, Chan Ho, Kwangu Kang, Ui-Joon Park, et al. "Numerical Investigation on the Evolution of Thin Liquid Layer and Dynamic Behavior of an Electro-Thermal Drilling Probe during Close-Contact Heat Transfer." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 3443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083443.

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This study investigates the transient behavior of an electro-thermal drilling probe (ETDP) during a close-contact melting process within a glacier. In particular, the present work analyzes the effect of the tip temperature on the formation of molten thin liquid films and the subsequent rate of penetration (ROP) through numerical simulation. We used the commercial code of ANSYS Fluent (v.17.2) to solve the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equation, together with an energy equation considering the solidification and melting model. The ROP of the drilling probe is determined based on the energy ba
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Camporeale, Carlo. "An asymptotic approach to the crenulation instability." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 826 (August 9, 2017): 636–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.454.

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A novel linear stability analysis for the pattern formation of ripple-like corrugations, over the surface of stalactites due to calcite-laden falling films, is presented by using a modified version of the gradient expansion technique. A fully analytical theory combining thin film hydrodynamics, Kármán–Pohlhausen solution of the advection–diffusion equation for calcium concentration and an evolution equation for the shape of the liquid–solid interface is developed. Analytical formulas for the selected wavelength and the corresponding phase velocity are provided, which match previous numerical s
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Shen, Mingguang, and Ben Q. Li. "Phase Field Modeling of Air Entrapment in Binary Droplet Impact with Solidification Microstructure Formation." Coatings 12, no. 12 (2022): 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121990.

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A novel numerical model was developed to investigate air entrapment in binary droplet impact with solidification microstructure formation under practical plasma spraying conditions. The evolving liquid–gas interface was tracked by the explicit finite difference solution to the Cahn–Hilliard equation, coupled with the Navier–Stokes equations. Another diffuse interface model was invoked to trace solid–liquid and grain–grain boundaries. The model was discretized using an explicit finite difference method on a half-staggered grid. The velocity pressure coupling was decoupled with the projection me
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Peschka, Dirk, Sabrina Haefner, Ludovic Marquant, Karin Jacobs, Andreas Münch, and Barbara Wagner. "Signatures of slip in dewetting polymer films." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 19 (2019): 9275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820487116.

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Thin polymer films on hydrophobic substrates are susceptible to rupture and hole formation. This, in turn, initiates a complex dewetting process, which ultimately leads to characteristic droplet patterns. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the type of droplet pattern depends on the specific interfacial condition between the polymer and the substrate. Predicting the morphological evolution over long timescales and on the different length scales involved is a major computational challenge. In this study, a highly adaptive numerical scheme is presented, which allows for following t
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Muravsky, Alexander A., та Veranika Yu Stanevich. "Liquid crystalʼs photoalignment for formation of phase profiles via geometric phase distribution". Journal of the Belarusian State University. Physics, № 3 (26 вересня 2022): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-2243-2022-3-10-25.

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Basic understandings on the concept of geometric phase, also known as Pancharatnam – Berry phase, and its application to creation of photonic liquid crystal devices as thin-films of photoaligned nematic liquid crystals are presented. The significance of the strong azimuthal anchoring energy and the role of birefringence in liquid crystal photoalignment layer for formation of geometric phase gradients are shown. The dependence of phase retardation of circular polarised light passing through the half-wave phase plate on the azimuthal angle of the plate orientation is explained in details, as it
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Conde-Gallardo, A., M. Guerrero, R. Fragoso, and N. Castillo. "Gas-phase diffusion and surface reaction as limiting mechanisms in the aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition of TiO2 films from titanium diisopropoxide." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 12 (2006): 3205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0391.

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Titanium dioxide thin films were deposited on crystalline silicon (100) substrates by delivering a liquid aerosol of titanium-diisopropoxide. The evidence of a metalorganic chemical vapor deposition process observed in the crystalline and morphological features of the films is strongly supported by the behavior of the growth rate rg as a function of the deposition temperature. The rg line shape indicates that in a wide range of temperatures (∼180–400 °C), the film formation is limited by both gas-phase diffusion of some molecular species toward the substrate surface and the thermal reaction of
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Фалько, С. О. "Розв'язання рівнянь залежності часу руху плівки по плівкоутворювачу від довжини плоского статичного плівкоутворювача для різних натисків з використанням математичного моделювання". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66736.

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Частіше всього в промисловій технології використовують рідини по поверхневому натягу, а також по щільності найбільш приблизні до води, тому саме для води ставиться задача розв'язання системи (2). Використовуючи одну з программ для вирішення цих рівнянь (Turbo Pascal ), по отриманим при розв´язанні системи (2) dat -файлам було побудовано наступні графічні залежності.
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Chan, Philip Kwok-Kiou. "Formation and performance of polymer dispersed liquid crystal films." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ36963.pdf.

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Luna, Fabio. "Drying of Multicomponent Liquid Films." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3778.

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<p>The convective drying of thin layers of multicomponentliquid mixtures into an inert gas, and the influence ofdifferent process controlling mechanisms on drying selectivityis studied. Drying experiments under gas-phase-controlledconditions are performed by low intensity evaporation, fromfree liquid surfaces, of ternary mixtures without non-volatilesolutes. Liquid-side-controlled experiments are carried out bydrying a multicomponent polymeric solution containing twovolatile components, one non-volatile polymer and an optionalnonvolatile softening substance.</p><p>Mathematical models to descri
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Pototskyy, Andriy. "Pattern formation in thin one- and two-layer liquid films." kostenfrei, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978408845.

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Richter, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Michael [Gutachter] Bestehorn. "Direct numerical simulation of nonlinear pattern formation on the surface of liquid films / Sebastian Richter ; Gutachter: Michael Bestehorn." Cottbus : BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1227930712/34.

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Nigam, Poonam. "Interaction of water-soluble surfactants with self-assembled lipid monolayers at the vapor-liquid interface equilibrium and dynamic phenomena /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1157987838.

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Fernandez, Martin Cristina. "A study of the formation of surfactant templated mesoporous silica and titania thin films at the air-liquid interface." Thesis, University of Bath, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428378.

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Schulz, Benjamin Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Bahr, Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Enderlein, and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Herminghaus. "Structure formation and dynamics in molecularly thin smectic liquid crystal films / Benjamin Schulz. Gutachter: Jörg Enderlein ; Stephan Herminghaus. Betreuer: Christian Bahr." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104473924X/34.

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Yousefian, Pedram. "Pore Formation in Aluminum Castings: Theoretical Calculations and the Extrinsic Effect of Entrained Surface Oxide Films." UNF Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/761.

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Aluminum alloy castings are being integrated increasingly into automotive and aerospace assemblies due to their extraordinary properties, especially high strength-to-density ratio. To produce high quality castings, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of the formation of defects, specifically pores and inclusion, in aluminum. There have been numerous studies on pore formation during solidification which lead to hot tearing and/or reduction in mechanical properties. However, a comprehensive study that correlates pore formation theory with in situ observations and modeling assumptions fr
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Gagliardi, Luca. "Modèle de film mince pour la croissance et la dissolution de cristaux confinées." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1211/document.

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Cette thèse traite de la modélisation de la croissance et de la dissolution de cristaux confinés. Nous nous concentrons sur la dynamique dans les contacts lubrifiés (ou hydrophiles) et dérivons un modèle de continu de couche mince prenant en compte la diffusion, la cinétique de surface, l’hydrodynamique, la tension de surface et les interactions avec le substrat (pression de disjonction). Premièrement, nous étudions la dissolution induite par une charge extérieure (dissolution sous contrainte). Nous trouvons que la forme fonctionnelle de la pression de disjonction -finie ou divergente au conta
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Books on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Krishnamoorthy, S. Full-scale direct numerical simulation of two- and three-dimensional instabilities and rivulet formation in heated falling films. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Krishnamoorthy, S. Full-scale direct numerical simulation of two- and three-dimensional instabilities and rivulet formation in heated falling films. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Aveyard, Bob. Surfactants. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828600.001.0001.

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Characteristically, surfactants in aqueous solution adsorb at interfaces and form aggregates (micelles of various shapes and sizes, microemulsion droplets, and lyotropic liquid crystalline phases). This book is about the behaviour of surfactants in solution, at interfaces, and in colloidal dispersions. Adsorption at liquid/fluid and solid/liquid interfaces, and ways of characterizing the adsorbed surfactant films, are explained. Surfactant aggregation in systems containing only an aqueous phase and in systems with comparable volumes of water and nonpolar oil are each considered. In the latter
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Book chapters on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Jachalski, Sebastian, Dirk Peschka, Stefan Bommer, Ralf Seemann, and Barbara Wagner. "Structure Formation in Thin Liquid-Liquid Films." In Transport Processes at Fluidic Interfaces. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56602-3_18.

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Colinet, Pierre. "Interfacial patterns and waves in liquid layers and thin films." In Pattern Formation at Interfaces. Springer Vienna, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0125-4_1.

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Exerowa, D. "Thin liquid films from phospholipids: formation, stability and phase transitions." In Surface and Colloid Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b97113.

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Dukarov, Serhii, Serhii Petrushenko, Sergiy Bogatyrenko, and Vladimir Sukhov. "Crystallization of Free Particles and Island Films." In Formation and Temperature Stability of the Liquid Phase in Thin-Film Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46061-6_2.

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Dukarov, Serhii, Serhii Petrushenko, Sergiy Bogatyrenko, and Vladimir Sukhov. "Supercooling During the Crystallization of Alloys in Condensed Films." In Formation and Temperature Stability of the Liquid Phase in Thin-Film Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46061-6_4.

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Veziroglu, Salih, Moritz Paulsen, Jan Schardt, et al. "Photocatalytic Deposition for Metal Line Formation." In Springer Series on Bio- and Neurosystems. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36705-2_10.

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AbstractIn neural systems, plasticity can be found throughout a variety of scales, ranging from local synaptic plasticity between two neurons towards long-range connections and global plasticity within larger neuron assemblies. While memristive devices have attracted a lot of attention as a potential neuromorphic analog to represent local synapses and are regarded as promising building blocks for neuromorphic engineering, long-range connections and globally mediated aspects like homeoplasticity are not yet widely considered for neuromorphic systems. In this chapter, photocatalytic deposition i
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GALLEZ, D., and E. RAMOS DE SOUZA. "PATTERN FORMATION IN THIN LIQUID FILMS." In Interfaces for the 21st Century: New Research Directions in Fluid Mechanics and Materials Science. PUBLISHED BY IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS AND DISTRIBUTED BY WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781860949609_0006.

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Aveyard, Bob. "Thin liquid films." In Surfactants. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828600.003.0012.

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The study of soap films, which are symmetrical, has a distinguished history. More recently, other asymmetric liquid films (e.g. pseudo-emulsion films and wetting films on solids) have been widely investigated. The (meta)stability of thin liquid films can be understood in terms of disjoining pressure isotherms, the shapes of which reflect the nature of the films. Film stability in systems with only fluids present can also be considered in terms of both classical and generalized entry coefficients, defined in terms of the various interfacial tensions in the system. Film rupture obviously occurs
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"14. FILM FLOW FORMATION AN IMPINGEMENT OF LIQUID JET ON A BARRIER." In Wave Flow of Liquid Films. Begell House Inc., 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/1-56700-021-5.131.

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Aveyard, Bob. "Particles in monolayers and thin liquid films." In Surfactants. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828600.003.0017.

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Small particles can adsorb strongly at fluid interfaces and form monolayers which can be studied using a Langmuir trough. For sufficiently large particles the monolayers can be viewed microscopically. The driving force for particle adsorption is the concomitant removal of fluid/fluid interface. For very small adsorbed particles, the free energy of forming the three-phase contact line around particles (hence the line tension) may also contribute significantly to the free energy of adsorption. Adsorption can be enhanced by having areas of particle surface with different wettability (Janus partic
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Conference papers on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Ferraro, Vincenzo, Zhe Wang, Sara Coppola, Ernesto Di Maio, and Pier Luca Maffettone. "Rapid and Quantitative Formation of a Free-standing Liquid Film based on Digital Holographic Monitoring." In Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/dh.2024.m4b.4.

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The inherent properties of digital holography allow to preform real-time quantitative thickness mapping of thin liquid films. A rapid thin film formation strategy based on stretching the liquid film and holographic monitoring is proposed.
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Choi, Ho Jin. "Effect of Liquid Hydrocarbons on Flow-Induced Sweet Corrosion of Carbon Steel." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04664.

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Abstract Literature information concerning the effect of liquid hydrocarbons on flow-induced sweet (FIS) corrosion is limited and most of the currently available prediction models exclude the roles of liquid hydrocarbons in FIS corrosion. Results of an innovative test method, employing a rotating cylinder electrode tester and liquid hydrocarbon-brine two-phase fluids, successfully isolated the roles of hydrocarbons in FIS corrosion. It was found that the concurrent presence of liquid hydrocarbon and water phases, which were flowing but distinctively separated, promoted localized (interfacial)
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Hu, Xinming, Kabir Abiodun Raheem, Anne Neville, and Abdulmuhsen Akbar. "Effect of Different Types of Corrosion Films Formed in CO2 Saturated Conditions on the In-Situ Corrosion of X65 Pipeline Steel under Liquid-Solid Impingement." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02188.

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Abstract This work has been carried out to investigate the effect of iron carbonate films formed on API-5L X65(1) pipeline steel on the material degradation mechanisms in erosion-corrosion. The experimental procedure includes a precorrosion process to form four types of corrosion films in different conditions: (i) transparent, (ii) cementite, (iii) iron carbonate, and (iv) iron carbonate/cementite. The erosion-corrosion experiments were conducted using a recirculating impinging jet apparatus. In-situ corrosion rate values were monitored at a flow velocity of 7m/s, 50°C with addition of 100 mg/
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Vera, Jose, Ken Evans, and Conchita Mendez. "Derivation of a Modified Stern-Geary Linear Polarization Equation. Application to Seawater Corrosion and Inhibitor Evaluation." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20986.

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Abstract Instantaneous corrosion rates are typically calculated as a function of the exposure time from the slope of linear polarization resistance (LPR) scans using the well-known Stern-Geary equation and assuming a constant B value that does not vary during the test. However, this assumption is not valid when the corrosion mechanism changes during the test due to, for example, injection of a corrosion inhibitor, formation of protective films or passivation. A methodology was implemented to detect significant changes in the B values during a test, by evaluating the Current vs Potential data o
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Zeng, Zezhi, Gopinath Warrier, and Y. Sungtaek Ju. "Flow and Heat Transfer in Liquid Films Flowing Over Highly Curved Surfaces." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48149.

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Large-scale evaporative cooling is one of the leading sources of fresh water consumption. Dry cooling based on existing heat exchangers, however, has found limited usage due to the high cost and large foot prints/weights. Development of alternative low-cost light-weight heat exchangers for dry cooling is therefore urgently needed. One promising design for such alternative heat exchangers is what we call Direct-contact Liquid-on-String Heat Exchangers (DILSHE). DILSHE consists of a vertically aligned array of inexpensive polymer strings. A nonvolatile liquid flows over the strings, forming thin
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Gatapova, Elizaveta, and Oleg Kabov. "The Influence of Evaporation in Shear-Driven Liquid Film on Heat Removal From Local Heater." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96235.

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The present work focuses upon shear-driven liquid film evaporative cooling of high heat flux local heater. Thin evaporating liquid films may provide very high heat transfer rates and can be used for cooling of high power microelectronic systems. Thermocapillary convection in a liquid film falling down a locally heated substrate has recently been extensively studied. However, non-uniform heating effects remain only partially understood for shear-driven liquid films. The combined effects of evaporation, thermocapillarity and gas dynamics as well as formation of microscopic adsorbed film have not
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Sharifi, Payam, and Asghar Esmaeeli. "The Effect of Film Thickness on EHD-Driven Instability of Interface Separating Two Liquids." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11800.

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Most of the studies conducted so far on EHD-driven instability of superimposed fluids have been concerned with liquid layers of modest depths. In many applications, however, the liquid layers can be very thin. Since the dynamics in thin films is generally governed by lubrication equations rather than full Navier-Stokes equations, it is expected that the interface dynamics will be quite different from that of the liquids with modest depths. The objective of this study is to explore the effect of initial liquid thickness on the dynamics of the phase boundary. To do this end, we perform Direct Nu
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Zhang, H., B. Gu, B. Li, and C. Yang. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARMATURE WEAR AND CONTACT PROCESS OF SMALL CALIBER RAILGUN." In 34th International Symposium on Ballistics. Destech Publications, Inc., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12783/ballistics25/37171.

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During the electromagnetic railgun launch process, high temperature and high current conditions can lead to armature wear, affecting armature-rail contact and degrading launch performance. This paper starts with the analysis of the metal liquid film formation at the armature/rail contact interface. 1D and 3D models are developed based on the characteristic relational equation obtained from the melt liquid film model. These models incorporate thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagram, transient heat and mass transfer model, copper-aluminum alloy reaction model, nonlinear electrical conductivity r
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Nazaripoor, Hadi, Charles R. Koch, and Subir Bhattacharjee. "Dynamics of Thin Liquid Bilayers Subjected to an External Electric Field." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37302.

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Spatiotemporal evolution of liquid-liquid interface leading to dewetting and pattern formation is investigated for thin liquid bilayeres subjected to the long range electrostatic force and the short range van der Waals forces. Based on the 2D weakly non-linear thin film equation three dimensional structure evolution is numerically simulated. A combined finite difference for the spatial dimensions and an adaptive time step ODE solver is used to solve the governing equation. For initially non-wetting surfaces, the stabilizing effects of viscosity and interfacial tension and the destabilizing eff
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Sharma, Neeraj, Gerardo Diaz, and Edbertho Leal-Quiros. "Effects of Externally Applied Electric Field on the Electric Double Layer Formed in an Electrolyte Layer and its Contribution Towards Joule Heating." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63329.

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Joule heating of liquid films in the presence of an externally applied electric field is influenced by the formation of the electric double layer. The thickness and charge distribution inside the electric double layer determine the extent of interaction of the charge in the electric double layer with the externally applied electric field and the Joule heating of the electrolyte layer. For this reason, the effects of externally applied electric field (both parallel and along the normal to the surface) on the electric double layer are being studied in the present paper. In the absence of the ext
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Reports on the topic "Equation of formation of liquid films"

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Sridhar and Dunn. L51793 The Effects of Water Chemistry on Internal Corrosion of Steel Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010425.

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The ability to safely transport wet, untreated natural gases through pipelines offshore or at other inaccessible locations is an important factor in the development of new gas fields. The internal corrosion rate of steel pipelines varies in a complex way with the gas composition, specifically CO2 , O2 , and H2 S, and condensed water chemistry. Estimating the corrosion rate of steel at inaccessible locations from the analysis of the gas and water composition from an accessible location will enable a better determination of the need for corrosion inhibitors. Quantitative understanding of the cor
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