Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ethiopia – Languages

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ethiopia – Languages'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Hudson, Grover. "Languages of Ethiopia and Languages of the 1994 Ethiopian Census." Aethiopica 7 (October 22, 2012): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.7.1.286.

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The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia gathered considerable information of linguistic interest, notably the number of speakers of seventy-seven languages which it recognized. The Census’s list is largely consistent with lists of languages recognized in current research by Ethiopianist linguists. However, problems of two sorts arise in the Census list: dialects counted as languages and languages counted as dialects. Survey of research in Ethiopian linguistics supports instead the existence of seventy-three Ethiopian languages now spoken, a list of languages and their dialects which includes varieties of speech recognized and unrecognized by the Census.
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Dadoo, Yousuf. "LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL AFFINITIES: THE CASE OF ARABIC AND ETHIOPIAN LANGUAGES." Journal for Semitics 25, no. 2 (May 9, 2017): 700–725. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/2553.

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Multi-faceted relations between Ethiopia and South Arabia existed since the sixth century B.C. During the earlier phase, the Christian Ethiopians networked with their co-religionists. Later they interacted primarily with Muslim Arabs some of whom settled in Ethiopia either in search of religious sanctuary or for trade purposes. The Muslims entrenched themselves and established petty kingdoms between the ninth and fifteenth centuries C.E. Thereafter, they suffered huge reversals at the hands of their Christian compatriots who were assisted by the Portuguese colonial power. Over the last two centuries relations between these two religious groups suffered appreciably. Despite these mammoth problems, testimonies to the linguistic and cultural affinities between Ethiopia and Arabia are evident; illustrations of which are given in this article. They could be used as a springboard for improving relations between the two communities. The Ethiopian socio-political climate has improved since the installation of a new federal and democratically elected government. It behoves all relevant groups to grasp the mettle by doing more intensive and extensive research in topics like this one in order to trace commonalities between them.
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Chali, Gemechis T., Miriam Taverniers, and Guta Legesse. "Overview of Education in Ethiopia: Traditional Institutions and Language Perspectives." Afrika Focus 34, no. 2 (December 14, 2021): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-34020008.

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Abstract This article briefly introduces the phases of education in Ethiopia in the last 150 years and the impact of traditional institutions on languages. The intention of this report is to present the background section of a PhD (Gemechis, 2020) defended at Ghent University in September 2020. It is believed that the period of modern education in Ethiopia is shorter when compared with that of traditional education, which lasted for more than a century. Modern or “Western” education was launched in 1908, and Western educational ideas have flourished since the early twentieth century; but the traditional approach characterised Ethiopian education throughout the history of this ancient nation (Hoot, Szente and Mebratu, 2004). This article aims to review the past 150 years of education in Ethiopia in connection with historical trends and the influence of traditional institutions on education in general and languages in particular. Respondents discuss the fact that that, unlike the Orthodox and Missionary churches in Ethiopia, some of the traditional institutions such as the Waaqqeffannaa of Oromoo Institution were not allowed to reflect their values and languages. The study reveals that traditional institutions have played a crucial role in education in Ethiopia. Furthermore, understanding the impact of languages in education is important in teaching and learning in general. However, the findings confirm that there was no structure that could equally understand and accommodate all traditional institutions to contribute to the education of Ethiopia in the past. This article concludes with the recommendation that there should be a well-established implementation system on the languages and cultural institutions that could attract all nations and nationalities to promote their traditional institutions. For instance, there are no language and cultural policies aimed at sustainability.
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Walga, Tamene Keneni. "Prospects and Challenges of Afan Oromo: A Commentary." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1106.03.

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Afan Oromo- the language of the Oromo- is also known as Oromo. The word ‘Oromo’ refers to both the People of Oromo and their language. It is one of the widely spoken indigenous African languages. It is also spoken in multiple countries in Africa including Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and Tanzania among others. Moreover, it is spoken as a native language, second language and lingua-franca across Ethiopia and beyond. Regardless of its scope in terms of number of speakers and geographical area it covers, Afan Oromo as a literary language is only emerging due to perpetuating unfair treatment it received from successive Ethiopian regimes. This commentary sought to examine prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo. To this end, drawing on existing literature and author’s own personal observations, salient prospects and challenges of Afan Oromo have been presented and briefly discussed. Suggestions to confront the challenges foreseen have been proposed by the author where deemed necessary. The paper concludes with author’s concluding remarks concerning the way forward.
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Wolff, H. Ekkehard, Sileshi Berhanu, and Getinet Fulea. "On Visibility and Legitimisation of Languages: The ‘Linguistic Landscape’ in Adaama, Ethiopia." Aethiopica 16 (March 9, 2014): 149–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.16.1.704.

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With a focus on the city of Adaama (formerly: Nazret), the biggest urban agglomeration in Oromia Regional State, the paper addresses the “linguistic landscape” which is indicative of the overall sociolinguistic situation of a polity. Language use in the public space has not only practical-instrumental, but also historical, political, juridical, and most of allpsycho-sociological dimensions, the latter relating to the symbolic value of written language use. The paper deals with multilingual graphic representations on public commercial and private sign-boards, advertisements, and notices in Adaama city, with an additionalfocus on the situation on the campus of Adama Science and Technology University. Under the chosen theoretical framework, it analyses language visibility in terms of language legitimisation, both in terms of peoples’ attitudes and based on official documents regarding language status and language use in present-day Ethiopia, such as the Education and Training Policy (1994), the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1995), the Revised Constitution of Oromia Regional State(2001/2006), and the Higher Education Proclamation (2009). The primary focus of the paper is on the status, functions, and representations of AfanOromo, including a review of the major historico-political changes affecting this language from Imperial Ethiopa (before 1974), the Därg period (until 1991), and under the new Constitution of the FDRE (since 1995). The paper also deals with linguistic and graphic issues concerning the “orthographic” representations of the four languages used: Afan Oromo, Amharic, Arabic, and English, involving three different graphic systems: Fidäl (Abugida), Arabic, and Roman.
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Taye, Bekau Atnafu. "The medium of instruction in Ethiopian Higher Education Institutions: Kotebe Metropolitan University Case study." African Journal of Teacher Education 8 (April 1, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/ajote.v8i0.4367.

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The aim of this article is to examine the medium of instruction in Ethiopian higher education institutions and the perceived consequences of the failure to learn a lingua franca. The study was qualitative and it used interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). Five teachers and five students took part in the interviews and six teachers and six students participated in the FGDs. The findings of the study showed that the role of Amharic as a working language has not been given recognition despite the fact that Amharic was constitutionally granted to be a working language. Due to language barriers, students who are speakers of Oromipha and other languages from the Eastern and Western parts of Ethiopia suffer passivity in the classroom because they do not speak Amharic although Amharic has been taught as a subject in all regional states of the country. Increased identity politics seems to have generated a negative attitude towards Amharic, Ethiopia's former official lingua franca. Non-Amharic native speakers appeared to lose interest in learning Amharic while they were in primary and secondary schools. The absence of an official, common language which could be used for wider communication in higher education has resulted in having challenges among the student population.
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Treis, Yvonne. "Switch-reference and Omotic-Cushitic Language Contact in Southwest Ethiopia." Journal of Language Contact 5, no. 1 (2012): 80–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187740912x624469.

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Africa has up until now been considered a continent where switch-reference systems are extremely rare. This study shows that there is a confined area in the South of Ethiopia where many Omotic languages and a few Cushitic languages have fully grammaticalised switch-reference systems on dependent (co-)subordinate non-final verbs, so-called converbs. The paper describes in detail the switch-reference system of Kambaata (Cushitic) and gives an overview of the distribution of switch-reference systems in Ethiopia in general. It is argued that switch-reference marking in Cushitic languages is the result of contact with neighbouring Omotic languages.
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Kifleyesus, Abbebe. "The Argobba of Ethiopia are not the Language they Speak." Aethiopica 9 (September 24, 2012): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.9.1.238.

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The Argobba of southeastern Wällo and northeastern Šäwa live amongst and speak the languages of the Amhara and the Oromo with great ease as if they are members of these ethnic groups. For them Amharic and Afaan Oromoo are the languages of administration and market transaction and therefore important for Argobba survival in a region domi-nated by these two ethno-linguistic groups. Yet the Argobba I met in these lands identified themselves as Argobba, and they were known as such, despite the fact that several of them had Amharic or Afaan Oromoo as their first language. The central claim of this article is therefore that the Argobba of this region define themselves as Argobba based on their traditions, customs, beliefs, values, and total cultural practices and not on the basis of who can or cannot speak the Argobba language.
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Leslau, Wolf. "Inor lullabies." Africa 66, no. 2 (April 1996): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161320.

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AbstractFourteen Gurage lullabies from Ethiopia, in their Inor transcriptions and English translations, are briefly introduced and annotated. Inor belongs to the West Gurage group of languages; this set of lullabies complements those from Eža (another West Gurage language) published earlier by the author.
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Hailay, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Guesh Mebrahtom, Kidane Zereabruk, Guesh Gebreayezgi, and Teklehaimanot Haile. "Burnout among Nurses Working in Ethiopia." Behavioural Neurology 2020 (October 16, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8814557.

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Background. Burnout is a condition of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment that can occur among individuals who work with people in some capacity. Nursing is a stressful profession that deals with human aspects of health and illness and can ultimately lead to job dissatisfaction and burnout. Although burnout among nurses has been addressed in previous research, the heterogeneous nature of the result findings highlights the need for a detailed meta-analysis in Ethiopia. Thus, this review is aimed at identifying the prevalence of burnout among nurses in Ethiopia. Methods. A search strategy was implemented using electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Africa-Wide Information, and African Index Medicus) which were systematically searched online to retrieve related articles using keywords. Studies which were included in this review were written in the English language because writing articles in other languages in Ethiopia is uncommon. The combination of key terms including “burnout”, “nurse” and “Ethiopia”, “systematic review” and protocols was used. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist guideline was followed stepwise. All published articles starting from inception to February 2020 were included, and we did not find unpublished studies. Heterogeneity across the included studies was evaluated by the inconsistency index. All statistical analysis was done using R and RStudio software for Windows, and a random-effects model was applied to estimate the overall prevalence of burnout among nurses in Ethiopia. It is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020188092). Results. The database searched produced 1060 papers. After adjustment for duplicates and inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven articles with 1654 total nurses were found suitable for the review. Except for one cohort study, all studies were cross-sectional. The overall pooled prevalence of burnout among Ethiopian nurses was estimated to be 39% (95% CI: 27%-50%). Conclusions. Burnout affects two out of five nurses in Ethiopia. Therefore, effective interventions and strategies are required to reduce burnout among nurses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Adamu, Taddele. "Individual differences in second language learning in formal contexts." Thesis, Online version, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.276152.

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Yimam, Baye. "The phrase structures of Ethiopian Oromo." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310426.

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Ahland, Michael, and Michael Ahland. "A GRAMMAR OF NORTHERN MAO (MÀWÉS AAS’È)." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12456.

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Northern Mao is an endangered Afroasiatic-Omotic language of western Ethiopia with fewer than 5,000 speakers. This study is a comprehensive grammar of the language, written from a functional/typological perspective which embraces historical change as an explanation for synchronic structure. The grammar introduces the Northern Mao people, aspects of their culture and history, and the major aspects of the language: contrastive phonology, tone phenomena, nouns, pronouns, demonstratives, numerals, noun phrases, verbs and verbal morphology, single verb constructions, non-final/medial clauses, subordinate clauses and alignment. The tone system has three contrastive levels, where the Mid tones subdivide into two classes which historically derive from two different sources. Nouns each exhibit two tonal melodies: one melody in citation form or other unmodified environments and another melody when syntactically modified. Extensive coverage is given to developments in the pronominal and subject-marking systems as well as the verbal system. In the pronominal and subject marking systems, innovations include the development of a dual opposition, the fusion of an affirmative verbal prefix to subject prefixes, and the development of these subject prefixes into new pronouns. In the verbal system, innovations include the development of new verbal wordforms from subordinate + final verb periphrastic constructions and a set of new subject markers from an old subordinator morpheme. The verbal system is oriented around two oppositional relations: realis vs. irrealis and finite vs. infinitive verb forms. Realis and irrealis verbs have distinct item-arrangement patterns: realis verbs take subject prefixes while irrealis verbs take subject suffixes. Realis is associated with affirmative polarity and non-future tense and may be used with many aspectual distinctions. Irrealis is associated with negative polarity, future tense, and counterfactual constructions; irrealis verbs do not express many aspectual distinctions. Finite versus infinitive verb stems are differentiated by tone. Finite verb stems are used in affirmative declarative and interrogative utterances, non-final/medial constructions and the more finite subordinate clause structures. Infinitive verb stems are used in negative declarative and interrogative utterances, non-final/medial constructions and the less finite subordinate clause structures. The work concludes with a summary of cross-constructional alignment patterns and evaluates the efficacy of a marked-nominative analysis.
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Taylor, Nicholas. "Gamo syntax." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388500.

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Möller, Mirjam. "Vowel Harmony in Bale : A study of ATR harmony in a Surmic language of Ethiopia." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-29444.

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ATR, advanced tongue root, is a phonological feature among vowels. As vowels assimilate to share the same value of that feature, they display ATR harmony. This is a common phenomenon among many African languages. ATR harmony is examined in this paper as manifested across morpheme boundaries wihin nouns in a Surmic language of Ethiopia called Bale. The data presented was collected at a workshop on ATR harmony held by SIL International in Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia, 2009. The vowel system in Bale displays a nine vowel inventory with a feature dominance of [+ATR] vowels which spread their feature both leftward and rightward to recessive [–ATR] vowels. The [+ATR] dominance is also present as a floating feature without any phonological material. The vowel /a/ is analysed as a neutral vowel, co-occuring with both [+ATR] and [–ATR] vowels within roots.

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Cohen, Gideon P. E. "Identity and opportunity : the implications of using local languages in the primary education system of the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29007/.

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The thesis concerns the reactions of groups of people to the introduction of local languages into the primary education system in Ethiopia. The changing patterns of language use in education come in response to the language policies of the Federal Democratic Government of Ethiopia, which were first introduced in 1991. The geographical area under consideration is the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR). Eight local languages, spoken by the most populous groups of people in the region, are now in use in the primary education system. Some areas of the region have, however, continued to use Amharic, the national language, in primary schools. The field-work discusses the patterns of language use in education, and attitudes towards language use, in areas where local languages have been introduced, and those where Amharic is used. The thesis considers the wider implications of the reform for the peoples of the SNNPR, and, in furtherance of this objective, an attempt is made to place the reform in its historical context. That historical context includes the development of government language policy and the historical patterns of language use in the Ethiopian state, as well as the history of the peoples of the south-west of the country. The reform raises questions which concern identity and opportunity, for the peoples of the south-west of Ethiopia, considered as whole units, and for the individuals who belong to these groups of people. The reform also has profound implications for the status of these groups of people in the Ethiopian state. Opinions about the implications of this reform vary considerably, and the questions addressed by the field-work are a subject of importance in current political debate in Ethiopia.
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James, Zoe Cariad. "Language and learning in Ethiopia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10042137/.

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This thesis examines the relationship between language of instruction policy and educational outcomes in Ethiopia. In 1994 Ethiopia introduced a mother tongue education policy which marked a move away from Amharic-only instruction, to the use of multiple local languages in primary schooling. This thesis investigates three key dimensions of this policy: (i) whether there is an advantage to being a ‘mother tongue learner’ in terms of learning outcomes; (ii) whether there are inequalities in learning progress between students learning in different languages of instruction, and if so, why; and (iii) whether the use of multiple mother tongues for school instruction can ensure access to essential languages of wider communication, and if not, with what implications. The mixed methods analysis finds that (i) there is an advantage to being a ‘mother tongue learner’ in Amharic language classes, but this advantage disappears when other indicators of educational experience are taken into account, and varies between linguistic environments/ contexts; (ii) that stakeholders support the use of mother tongue for reasons that relate both to pedagogy, and to the assertion of ethnolinguistic identity, emphasising the nonlearning-related benefits of the policy; (iii) that between-language of instruction inequality of learning outcomes are evident, with students learning in many of the newly introduced languages of instruction making less progress in mathematics than their counterparts in Amharic language of instruction classrooms; (iv) that these between-language inequalities in learning outcomes may be explained by variation in literate environments and linguistic development and standardisation, as well as heterogeneity of school quality between different linguistic communities; and (v) that stakeholders perceive important inequalities in opportunities to acquire languages of wider communication (Amharic and English) between students learning in different languages of instruction, raising important concerns about the extent to which the policy can translate into social and economic opportunity and mobility for all.
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Crass, Joachim, Girma A. Demeke, Ronny Meyer, and Andreas Wetter. "Copula and focus constructions in selected Ethiopian languages." Universität Leipzig, 2005. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33607.

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The major aim of this work is to give an overview of present tense copula constructions in selected Semitic and Cushitic languages spoken in Ethiopia. In particular, we deal with languages spoken in the central parts of the country, namely Gurage languages of different genetic affiliations, Wellegga Oromo and K’abeena. In addition we discuss data from Ge’ez, Tigre, Tigrinya, Argobba, Amharic and Harari.
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Rose, Sharon 1965. "Theoretical issues in comparative Ethio-Semitic phonology and morphology." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34531.

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This thesis explores three fundamental issues in the phonology and morphology of Ethiopian Semitic languages: mobile morphology, reduplication and epenthesis. In each chapter I draw on comparative evidence from different Ethiopian Semitic languages, an approach which provides greater insight into how the languages vary with respect to these three issues, and how the issues themselves are best analyzed.
The first issue is that of 'mobile morphology' a term I coin to describe the ability of a particular morphological category to be realized on various segments within a stem. The two major types in the South Ethio-Semitic languages are palatalization and labialization. I develop an analysis of palatalization in five different languages which relies on a hierarchy of preferred targets, along with a number of constraints regulating the appearance of palatalization within the stem.
Ethio-Semitic languages have several different types of reduplication. I draw a distinction between phonological and morphological reduplication and argue that phonological reduplication should be viewed as copying rather long-distance geminate structures created by spreading. I also examine the interaction of reduplication with mobile morphology and I present an analysis of double reduplication, showing how languages will avoid the creation of double reduplication relationships.
I develop an analysis of epenthesis which contrasts the behaviour of one set of languages which epenthesize following final consonant clusters with other languages which epenthesize between consonant clusters. I show that while all Ethio-Semitic languages follow the same general pattern, this may be overridden by templatic constraints and more importantly, by sonority considerations holding of adjacent syllables in coda-onset sequences. This last observation is important because it shows that while languages may on the whole violate heterosyllabic contact constraints, in particular circumstances, the constraints will be obeyed, giving rise to an emergence of the unmarked scenario.
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Schneider-Blum, Gertrud. "A grammar of Alaaba a highland East Cushitic language of Ethiopia." Köln Köppe, 2006. http://d-nb.info/985708859/04.

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Books on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Language contact and language change in Ethiopia. Köln: E. Köppe Verlag, 2009.

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Unseth, Peter. Linguistic bibliography of the non-Semitic languages of Ethiopia. East Lansing, Mich: African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1990.

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Yaqwānqwā ṭenāt simpoziyam (2nd 1994 Kotabé mamherān koléǧ). Hulatñāw ʻāmatāwi yaqwānqwā ṭenāt simpoziyam. [Addis Ababa]: Kotabé mamherān koléǧ, 1994.

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A grammar of Alaaba: A highland East Cushitic language of Ethiopia. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, 2007.

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Owens, Jonathan. The Oromo causative: Lexical grammar without lexical rules. Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Owens, Jonathan. The Oromo causative: Lexical grammar without lexical rules. Bloomington: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1985.

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Meyer, Ronny. Language use in Ethiopia from a network perspective: Results of a sociolinguistic survey conducted among high school students. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2003.

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Gebre, Woube Kassaye. Analysis of culture for planning curriculum: The case of songs produced in the three main languages of Ethiopia (Amharic, Oromigna and Tigrigna). Joensuu: University of Joensuu, Faculty of Education, 2002.

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Gebre, Woube Kassaye. Analysis of culture for planning curriculum: The case of songs produced in the three main languages of Ethiopia (Amharic, Oromigna and Tigrigna). Joensuu: University of Joensuu, Faculty of Education, 2002.

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Yohannes, Mekonnen Alemu Gebre. Language Policy in Ethiopia. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63904-4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Zanetti, Ugo. "LANGUAGES IN ETHIOPIA AND IN THE HORN OF AFRICA." In The Harp (Volume 25), edited by Baby Varghese, Rev Jacob Thekeparampil, and Abraham Kalakudi, 173–84. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463233143-014.

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Feleke, Tekabe Legesse. "Issues in Classifying and Mapping the Semitic Languages of Ethiopia." In Handbook of the Changing World Language Map, 1–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73400-2_234-1.

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Yohannes, Mekonnen Alemu Gebre. "The Tigray Region of Ethiopia." In Language Policy, 29–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63904-4_2.

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Savà, Graziano. "Ongota (Birale), a moribund language of Southwest Ethiopia." In Language Death and Language Maintenance, 171–87. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.240.11sav.

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Rose, Sharon. "4. The formation of Ethiopian Semitic internal reduplication." In Language Processing and Acquisition in Languages of Semitic, Root-Based, Morphology, 79–97. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.28.04ros.

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Sacchi, Livio. "Two Imperial Compounds in Ethiopia: Survey and Restoration." In The Visual Language of Technique, 109–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05350-9_9.

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Brenzinger, Matthias. "An evaluative account of Ethiopia’s new language policy." In Language Choices, 207. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/impact.1.15bre.

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Hudson, Grover. "Ergative-active features of the Ethiopian Semitic type." In Typological Studies in Language, 107–35. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tsl.75.06hud.

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"The languages of Ethiopia." In Grammatical and Sociolinguistic aspects of Ethiopian Languages. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/impact.48.int.

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Cerulli, Enrico. "Monasticism in Ethiopia." In Languages and Cultures of Eastern Christianity: Ethiopian, 355–70. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315250854-19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Admasu, Yonas Fantahun, and Kumudha Raimond. "Ethiopian sign language recognition using Artificial Neural Network." In 2010 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2010.5687057.

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Tachbelie, Martha Yifiru, Solomon Teferra Abate, and Tanja Schultz. "Development of Multilingual ASR Using GlobalPhone for Less-Resourced Languages: The Case of Ethiopian Languages." In Interspeech 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2020-2827.

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Islami, Dian Dini, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Hanung Prasetya. "The Effect of Insulin Provision on the Risk Reduction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.49.

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ABSTRACT Background: Insulin is the pivotal hormone regulating cellular energy supply and macronutrient balance, directing anabolic processes of the fed state. Insulin is essential for the intra-cellular transport of glucose into insulin-dependent tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of insulin provision on the risk reduction of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link databases, from 2010-2020. Keywords used “effect insulin” OR “giving insulin” AND “diabetes mellitus” OR “diabetes” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English or Indonesia language, and using crosssectional study design. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3. Results: A meta-analysis from 5 studies in Ethiopia, Northeast Ethiopia, Taiwan, African American, and South Korea, reported that insulin provision reduced the risk of diabetes mellitus (aOR= 1.89; 95% CI= 1.82 to 3.57; p= 0.05) with I2= 84%. Conclusion: Insulin provision reduced the risk of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: insulin, type 2 diabetes mellitus Correspondence: Dian Dini Islami. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dian.dinii94@gmail.com. Mobile: 085729483960. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.49
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Abate, Solomon Teferra, Martha Yifiru Tachbelie, and Tanja Schultz. "Deep Neural Networks Based Automatic Speech Recognition for Four Ethiopian Languages." In ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp40776.2020.9053883.

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Abate, Solomon Teferra, Martha Yifiru Tachbelie, and Tanja Schultz. "End-to-End Multilingual Automatic Speech Recognition for Less-Resourced Languages: The Case of Four Ethiopian Languages." In ICASSP 2021 - 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp39728.2021.9415020.

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Vertan, Cristina. "Controlled Semi-automatic Annotation of Classical Ethiopic." In Workshop on Language Technology for Digital Historical Archives - with a Special Focus on Central-, (South-)Eastern Europe, Middle East and North Africa. Incoma Ltd., Shoumen, Bulgaria, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26615/978-954-452-059-5_004.

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Hagos, Lemlem, and Million Meshesha. "Text to speech synthesis for ethiopian semitic languages: Issues and the way forward." In IEEE AFRICON 2015. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2015.7331949.

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Kassa, Daniel Mahetot, and Hani Hagras. "An Adaptive Segmentation Technique For the Ancient Ethiopian Ge’ez Language Digital Manuscripts." In 2018 10th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceec.2018.8674218.

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Abate, Solomon Teferra, Martha Yifiru Tachbelie, Michael Melese, Hafte Abera, Tewodros Gebreselassie, Wondwossen Mulugeta, Yaregal Assabie, Million Meshesha Beyene, Solomon Atinafu, and Binyam Ephrem Seyoum. "Large Vocabulary Read Speech Corpora for Four Ethiopian Languages: Amharic, Tigrigna, Oromo, and Wolaytta." In Proceedings of the The Fourth Widening Natural Language Processing Workshop. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.winlp-1.5.

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Tonja, Atnafu Lambebo, Michael Melese Woldeyohannis, and Mesay Gemeda Yigezu. "A Parallel Corpora for bi-directional Neural Machine Translation for Low Resourced Ethiopian Languages." In 2021 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Development for Africa (ICT4DA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ict4da53266.2021.9672230.

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Reports on the topic "Ethiopia – Languages"

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Orrnert, Anna. Review of National Social Protection Strategies. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.026.

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This helpdesk report reviews ten national social protection strategies (published between 2011-2019) in order to map their content, scope, development processes and measures of success. Each strategy was strongly shaped by its local context (e.g. how social development was defined, development priorities and existing capacity and resources) but there were also many observed similarities (e.g. shared values, visions for social protection). The search focused on identifying strategies with a strong social assistance remit from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Sub-Sarahan African and South and South-East Asian regions1 (Latin America was deemed out of scope due the advanced nature of social protection there). Examples from Sub-Saharan Africa are most widely available. Few examples are available from the MENA region2 – it may be that such strategies do not currently exist, that potential strategy development process are in more nascent stages or that those strategies that do exist are not accessible in English. A limitation of this review is that it has not been able to review strategies in other languages. The strategies reviewed in this report are from Bangladesh (2015), Cambodia (2011), Ethiopia (2012), Jordan (2019), Kenya (2011), Lesotho (2014), Liberia (2013), Rwanda (2011), Uganda (2015) and Zambia (2014). The content of this report focuses primarily on the information from these strategies. Where appropriate, it also includes information from secondary sources about other strategies where those original strategies could not be found (e.g. Saudi Arabia’s NSDS).
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