Academic literature on the topic 'Ethnological models'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Ensor, Bradley E. "Testing Ethnological Theories on Prehistoric Kinship." Cross-Cultural Research 51, no. 3 (2017): 199–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069397117697648.
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Although not a new topic, there is a growing trend in ethnology to interpret changing kinship terminology, social organization, and marriage practices deep into prehistory. These efforts are largely guided by phylogenetic, neoevolutionary, and historical particularist theoretical models using 19th to 20th century ethnographically recorded kin terminology. However, the “high-level” theoretical models and their assumptions are untestable without data dating to prehistory. Archeological kinship analysis based on cross-cultural “mid-level” factual correspondence between social organization and patterns in material culture, which is not biased by any given “high-level” theory, can empirically test the ethnological models and assumptions. Archeological case studies on the Chontal Maya and Hohokam illustrate problems in phylogenetic, neoevolutionary, and historical particularist theoretical assumptions. Instead, the results are consistent with contemporary anthropological theory emphasizing practice and agency within historically contingent political economic social contexts.
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Limeira-DaSilva, Victor Rafael, and Juanma Sánchez Arteaga. "Alfred Russel Wallace and the Models of Amazonian “Indians” Displayed at the Crystal Palace Ethnological Exhibition." Nuncius 36, no. 3 (2021): 646–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-bja10013.
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Abstract This paper discusses Alfred Russel Wallace’s Amazonian ethnography and his collaboration with Robert Latham on the models of indigenous Amazonian peoples that were placed on display at the Crystal Palace ethnological exhibition in 1854. The reception of scholars and the public to this innovative work is also considered. Wallace’s involvement in the first British ethnological exhibition of large proportions was fundamental to the dissemination of his work, which made a valuable contribution to a field of study—the ethnology of South America—that was still in its infancy in Britain, in marked contrast to Portugal, Spain, Germany and France. Wallace’s field observations of indigenous peoples were instilled in the British imagination through the handbook to the exhibition, in which Latham stressed the importance of Wallace’s descriptions to the advancement of the field of ethnology. Indeed, Wallace’s ethnographic accounts were deemed to provide an authoritative supplement to James Prichard’s preliminary and still somewhat limited ethnological map of northern South America, contributing to the creation of a more complete picture of the indigenous Amazonian peoples of Brazil.
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Jiménez de Madariaga, Celeste, and Juan José García del Hoyo. "Public Funding of Research into Ethnological Activities in Andalusia (Spain): Boosting the Academic Career of Researchers." Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 68 (November 23, 2021): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2021-0029.
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The advent of democracy in Spain and the establishment of the different autonomous communities marked the beginning of a process to transfer political, economic and other competences over Culture and Cultural Heritage. Following its creation in 1984, the Ministry of Culture of the Andalusian Autonomous Government incorporated a Directorate-General for Cultural Assets into its organisational structure and embarked on an ambitious programme of actions to support Andalusian historical heritage, including creation of a management structure, enactment of a specific heritage law and budget allocations for protection tasks. From the outset, a type of heritage little known until then emerged: ethnological heritage. Dynamic actions were also promoted to fund research into this area, including grants for ethnological activities, financing for publications and funding for ethnological symposiums. This paper analyses the different ethnological activities carried out and their funding, and assesses the extent to which this investment favoured the professional development of teaching staff in the field of Social Anthropology in Andalusia, specifying the marginal effects and differentiating them according to gender and university size using binary choice models (Logit).
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Leino, Antti, and Saara Hyvönen. "Comparison of Component Models in Analysing the Distribution of Dialectal Features." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 2, no. 1-2 (2008): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1753854809000378.
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Component models such as factor analysis can be used to analyse spatial distributions of a large number of different features – for instance the isogloss data in a dialect atlas, or the distributions of ethnological or archaeological phenomena – with the goal of finding dialects or similar cultural aggregates. However, there are several such methods, and it is not obvious how their differences affect their usability for computational dialectology. We attempt to tackle this question by comparing five such methods using two different dialectological data sets. There are some fundamental differences between these methods, and some of these have implications that affect the dialectological interpretation of the results.
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Winkelman, Michael James. "Chinese Wu, Ritualists and Shamans: An Ethnological Analysis." Religions 14, no. 7 (2023): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14070852.
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The relationship of wu (巫) to shamanism is problematic, with virtually all mentions of historical and contemporary Chinese wu ritualists translated into English as shaman. Ethnological research is presented to illustrate cross-cultural patterns of shamans and other ritualists, providing an etic framework for empirical assessments of resemblances of Chinese ritualists to shamans. This etic framework is further validated with assessments of the relationship of the features with biogenetic bases of ritual, altered states of consciousness, innate intelligences and endogenous healing processes. Key characteristics of the various types of wu and other Chinese ritualists are reviewed and compared with ethnological models of the patterns of ritualists found cross-culturally to illustrate their similarities and contrasts. These comparisons illustrate the resemblances of pre-historic and commoner wu to shamans but additionally illustrate the resemblances of most types of wu to other ritualist types, not shamans. Across Chinese history, wu underwent transformative changes into different types of ritualists, including priests, healers, mediums and sorcerers/witches. A review of contemporary reports on alleged shamans in China also illustrates that only some correspond to the characteristics of shamans found in cross-cultural research and foraging societies. The similarities of most types of wu ritualists to other types of ritualists found cross-culturally illustrate the greater accuracy of translating wu as “ritualist” or “religious ritualist.”
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Kurochkin, Oleksandr. "European models of festive communication: national and international." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine, no. 2 (August 14, 2023): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.2.2022.349.
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A holiday is an eternal and global category of human existence. All tribes and peoples had and have their own system of celebrations, and solemn events designed to unite people, protect and promote the values around which society organizes its life. The purpose of the article is to show the historically determined uniqueness of national holidays and to trace the trend towards the creation of a pan European fund of mass holiday culture using concrete examples. The methodology of the article is based on descriptive and comparative methodological approaches of ethnological studies. Scientific novelty. The article examines historically formed models of holiday traditions of the peoples of Europe, which reflect the specifics of the state system of each country, and those that have gained international distribution. Conclusions. Holidays change throughout historical development depending on economic, political and cultural transformations. The study made it possible to trace the processes of detraditionalization of European society and the associated transition to new modern forms of mass culture.
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Mashenkin V.P. "GENESIS OF THE ETHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE." Tạp chí Khoa học Ngoại ngữ, no. 79 (April 2, 2025): 68–77. https://doi.org/10.56844/tckhnn.79.834.
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The current study examines the historical development of the ethnoorinted approach to foreign language teaching as one of the development frameworks of contemporary methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language. This approach enables educators to identify and apply the most efficient methods of teaching the Russian language to specific groups of students, depending on their nationality. Special attention is given to the concept of the ethnooriented teaching model as the central notion of the ethnooriented approach. The study defines this term and outlines the invariant principles in ethnooriented models constructed for different student groups. The author concludes that developing and adopting an ethnolooriented approach to teaching the Russian language is promising as it aligns with contemporary foreign language teaching principles, including consistency, communicative orientation, consideration of students' psychological characteristics, and individualized learning.
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Sadovoy, Alexandre N. "Ethno-social monitoring models: problems of ethnic processes. Scientific forecasting." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya, no. 90 (2024): 162–71. https://doi.org/10.17223/19988613/90/18.
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Ethnological monitoring organization models, tested since the early 1990s in the subjects of the Russian Federation, are considered in the article. Particular attention is paid to the problem of scientific forecasting algorithm forming of the ethno-social situation change, using the principles of three methodological approaches - process, systemic and selective. The systematic approach is determined by the fact that the object of monitoring is a dynamic complex and multi-level system (complex) of social communications - political, socio-economic, socio-cultural. Only some of them are traditional (stochastic). The ethnic component of the structure of social relations (between social institutions) manifests itself in an extremely wide spectrum: from the ethnic sectors of the rural and urban economy with elements of network organization to the system of communications of cultural and confessional associations with local governments. The process approach has a two-component sructure. On the one hand, monitoring itself should be considered as a complex of interdependent processes with clearly expressed actors (participants) of the process, their social attitudes, the algorithm (sequence) of research of the current situation. Based on the algorithm of the structural-functional analysis, the persons involved in this process (both legal and physical) are divided (by function) into three groups: a) "responsible" for organizing the process and implementing its results in political practice; b) "executors" - organizers of the ethno- social situation investigation - representatives of the expert community; c) "participants" - persons and organizations indirectly involved in the monitoring deployment/ The persons (both legal and physical) involved in this process, based on the structural-functional analysis algorithm, are divided (by function) into three groups: a) "responsible" for organizing the process and implementing its results in political practice; b) "executors" - organizers and representatives of the expert community; c) "participants" - persons and organizations indirectly involved in monitoring. According to the author, the object of modern monitoring (as a procedure) is not so much social processes that initiate the national (state) and group (ethnic) interests clash, but indicators of socio-economic, ethno-social and ethno-cultural situation (environment). The use of these indicators does not expand the possibilities of scientific forecasting of the ethnosocial situation change, but on the contrary, narrows them. In this regard, it is proposed to consider the materials of monitoring studies as an independent group of sources to identify the intersection of latent forms of ethnic processes - ethnic structure and settlement system changes, traditional social organization and subsistence systems transformation, political consolidation, migrant adaptation, assimilation, and traditional culture commodification. Reorientation of the object of ethnological monitoring on ethnic processes objectively promotes: applied anthropology of the subject area change; expansion of chronological framework (up to two centuries); principles of sampling approach. With the change of the subject area there is a prospect of the formation of databases to analyze the relationship of political history and ethnic history of the peoples of Russia.
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May, Michael J., Efrat Kantor, and Nissim Zror. "CemoMemo." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 14, no. 4 (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3467888.
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Digitizing cemeteries and gravestones aids cultural preservation, genealogical search, dark tourism, and historical analysis. CemoMemo, an app and associated website, enables bottom-up crowd-sourced digitization of cemeteries, categorizing and indexing of gravestone data and metadata, and offering powerful full-text and numerical search. To date, CemoMemo has nearly 5,000 graves from over 130 cemeteries in 10 countries with the majority being Jewish graves in Israel and the USA. We detail CemoMemo's deployment and component models, technical attributes, and user models. CemoMemo went through two design iterations and architectures. We detail its initial architecture and the reasons that led to the change in architecture. To show its utility, we use CemoMemo's data for a historical analysis of two Jewish cemeteries from a similar period, eliciting cultural and ethnological difference between them. We present lessons learned from developing and operating CemoMemo for over 1 year and point to future directions of development.
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Nelson, Alex J., and Kyu Jin Yon. "Core and Peripheral Features of the Cross-Cultural Model of Romantic Love." Cross-Cultural Research 53, no. 5 (2018): 447–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069397118813306.
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Ethnological studies point to candidates for culturally universal and variable characteristics of romantic love models. However, only recently have these hypotheses begun to be tested through primary data collection intended for cross-cultural comparison. This study builds on two such efforts covering the United States, Russia, Lithuania, and China by adapting their methods to South Korea. We found support for the core features of romantic love identified in these studies (sexual attraction, altruism, intrusive thinking, emotional fulfillment, and idealization). We also explain peripheral meanings of love, including its association with sex, irrationality, and material considerations. In our discussion of East Asian models of romantic love, we argue that the apparently less altruistic attitudes of East Asian women toward their lovers are attributable to the deterioration of structural support for institutions that enforced the ideal of female sacrifice previously valorized in their family relations, and women’s backlash against these continued expectations.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Grando, Válečková Šárka. "Signification économique, sociale et symbolique du bœuf dans la Préhistoire récente de l’Europe moyenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG039.
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L'apparition de l'élevage dans les sociétés néolithiques a été immédiatement mise en relation avec la nécessité de satisfaire les besoins nutritionnels de la population. Cette vision traditionnelle reflète l'interprétation selon laquelle l'animal est envisagé dans une dimension utilitaire comme pourvoyeur de protéines, notamment en viande et en produits secondaires, ainsi que fournisseur d'énergie. Or, de nombreux exemples en ethnologie nous livrent une image différente où l'animal est chargé d'une dimension symbolique, et à qui on accorde un rôle important dans le cadre de la majorité des rituels sociaux et religieux. Dans cette situation, nous pouvons nous demander de quel statut bénéficiaient les animaux domestiques, en particulier le bœuf, et à quoi servait son élevage dans les sociétés de la Préhistoire récente ? Cette problématique est abordée via une confrontation des données issues de l'archéozoologie et les résultats des recherches ethnologiques dans l'esprit de la méthode comparative. L'analyse est menée à travers l'élevage des premières communautés agropastorales en Europe appartenant à la culture à céramique linéaire, le Rubané (5600 — 4900 av. J.-C.)<br>The appearance of animal husbandry in Neolithic societies was immediately linked to the need to meet the nutritional needs of the population. This traditional view reflects the interpretation according to which the animal is viewed in a utilitarian dimension as a supplier of protein, especially meat and secondary products, as well as a supplier of manual aid. However, many examples in ethnology give us a different image where the animal is charged with a symbolic dimension, and to which an important role is granted in the framework of the majority of social and religious rituals. In this situation, we can ask ourselves what status did domestic animals enjoy, especially cattle, and what was their breeding used for in recent prehistoric societies ? This issue is addressed through a comparison of data from archaeozoology and the results of ethnological research in the spirit of the comparative method. The analysis is carried out through the breeding of the first agro-pastoral communities in Europe belonging to the culture with linear ceramics, the LBK (5600 - 4900 BC)
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Hugh, Brian Ashwell. "Traditional leadership in South Africa: a critical evaluation of the constitutional recognition of customary law and traditional leadership." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The main objectives of this study were to identify the role that customary law and traditional leadership can play, without compromising their current positions or future recognition through legislation, in creating a better life for their constituents. The study analysed diverse issues such as legislative reform, the future role and functions of traditional leaders, training needs of traditional leaders, and the impact of a possible lack of commitment by national and provincial government on the training of traditional leaders to fulfill their functions within the ambit of the Constitution.
Books on the topic "Ethnological models"
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1972-, Drosterij Gerard, Ooms Toine 1960-, and Vos K, eds. Intruders: Reflections on art and the ethnological museum. Waanders, 2004.
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Chidiroglou, Paulos. Ethnologikoi provlēmatismoi apo tēn tourkikē kai tēn ellēnikē paroimiologia =: Ethnological thoughts on Turkish and Greek proverbs. (Ellēnikē Laographikē Etaireia), 1987.
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Chidiroglou, Paulos. Ethnologikoi provlēmatismoi apo tēn tourkikē kai tēn hellēnikē paroimiologia =: Ethnological thoughts on Turkish and Greek proverbs. [Hellēnikē Laographikē Hetaireia], 1987.
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1959-, Somé Roger, Schutz Carine, and Université Marc Bloch. Centre de recherches interdisciplinaires en anthropologie., eds. Anthropologie, art contemporain et musée: Quels liens? Harmattan, 2007.
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Herbert, James D. Paris 1937: Worlds on exhibition. Cornell University Press, 1998.
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Claudius, Müller, Stein Wolfgang, Mergenthaler Markus, Knauf-Museum Iphofen, and Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde München., eds. Exotische Welten: Aus den völkerkundlichen Sammlungen der Wittelsbacher 1806-1848. Verlag J.H. Röll, 2007.
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Hadfield, Andrew. Travel. Edited by James Simpson and Brian Cummings. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212484.013.0008.
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Advances in technology had dramatically improved mapping and navigational possibilities that made travel within Europe easier, more comfortable, and more feasible. In the early seventeenth century, writers such as Fynes Moryson, Thomas Coryat, and William Lithgow began to provide accounts of their extensive travels. However, the ethnological models that were used by Europeans in the sixteenth century were hardly modern. While the discovery of the New World showed the scope and diversity of the known universe, it also encouraged a heightened xenophobia and racism. There are also other more practical considerations implying that change was not as rapid as might be expected. This article examines travel in the context of cultural history and how the Reformation became a key impediment to travel. It looks at travelers who were prepared to go beyond what was generally expected or even acceptable despite the obvious dangers and discomforts, focusing on the experiences of Margery Kempe and William Lithgow.
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Representing others: Translation, ethnography, and the museum. St. Jerome Pub., 2007.
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Sturge, Kate. Representing Others: Translation, Ethnography and Museum. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Representing Others: Translation, Ethnography and Museum. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Kelly, Robert L. "What good is archaeology?" In Scale Matters. transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839460993-003.
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The CRC project is entitled "Culture-Environment Interaction and Human Mobility in the Late Quaternary." It uses ethnographic and ethnological data, as well as agent-based modeling, to devise a model, a First African Frontier model, that accounts for how modern humans migrated out of Africa into Europe and, in fact, to the rest of the world. I take a slightly different approach to the conference's issue of scale, asking what the scale of archaeological data is, how it differs from that of ethnography, and, given the difference, what archaeology can contribute. In sum, archaeological data are aggregated data, especially for the time period in question where assemblages result from possibly thousands of years, and thousands of human actions. I argue that at this scale the "strong signal" is primarily telling us about human response to ecological and demographic conditions, and that human behavioral ecology provides a useful learning strategy to know when these material factors are not relevant. I then use terminal Pleistocene New World colonization as an example of a colonization process, including evidence for the scale of social relations at this time.
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Holland-Lulewicz, Jacob. "Networks and Sociopolitical Organization." In The Oxford Handbook of Archaeological Network Research. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198854265.013.38.
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Abstract Archaeological network analysis provides a set of robust methodological tools to describe and evaluate sociopolitical histories. Network analyses allow archaeologists to move from the bottom up, to critically engage with traditional models of sociopolitical organization commonly deployed in archaeological interpretation. The use of network analyses rooted in large-scale, robust datasets allows for the identification of organizational characteristics that may be masked or unaccounted for by a reliance on essentialized sociopolitical types derived from the ethnological record. This chapter outlines the methodological principles and conceptual frameworks made available through the use of archaeological network analysis in characterizing and evaluating the underlying organizational structures that connect members of a society to one another. Instead of focusing on sociopolitical types, a framework is presented that places the primacy of investigations on particular patterns of relationships between social and political actors and entities.
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Gougeon, Ramie A. "Where Women Work." In Mississippian Women. University Press of Florida, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683404149.003.0007.
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Analyses of three Late Mississippian house floors from the Little Egypt site (9Mu102) were undertaken to discern discrete activity areas used by women and men. Areas were identified by seeking patterns of spatially co-occurring artifact types associated with specific activities, activities frequently correlated strongly with a specific gender in cross-cultural ethnological studies. Women’s activities dominated the assemblages and occupied the most space in all three houses. This model of household activity areas mirrors findings across the southern Appalachian region but does little to understand the social aspects of production within multigenerational, matrilineal, and arguably matrifocal households. This chapter is a further consideration of the gendered uses of space through the lens of taskscapes, those arrays of related activities performed by social actors, to interrogate the experiences of being a Mississippian woman in a domestic house.
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Förster, Larissa, and Friedrich von Bose. "Concerning curatorial practice in ethnological museums: an epistemology of postcolonial debates." In Curatopia. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526118196.003.0004.
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Based on our experience as editors of a debate on ethnographic museums in a German journal, we analyse the conditions and limits of the current debate on the ‘decolonisation’ of ethnographic museums in the German-speaking context. Strictly speaking, the German debate lags behind a bit in relation to the Anglophone debate, but in the face of the re-organisation of the Berlin ethnographic museum as ‘Humboldt-Forum’ it provides crucial insights into the epistemology of unfolding postcolonial debates. We diagnose certain pitfalls of this discussion, e.g. a tendency towards antagonisms and dichotomisation, an overemphasis on the topic of representation and on deconstructionist approaches, an underestimation of anthropology’s critical and self-reflexive potential and too narrow a focus on ethnographic collections. From our point of view, decolonisation must be a joint effort of all kinds of museum types - ethnographic museums, art museums and (natural) history museums as well as city museums, a museum genre being discussed with increased intensity these days. As a consequence, we suggest a more thorough reflection upon the positionality of speakers, but also upon the format, genre and media that facilitate or impede mutual understanding. Secondly, a multi-disciplinary effort to decolonise museum modes of collecting, ordering, interpreting and displaying is needed, i.e. an effort, which cross-cuts different museum types and genres. Thirdly, curators working towards this direction will inevitably have to deal with the problems of disciplinary boundary work and the underlying institutional and cultural-political logics. They eventually will have to work in cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional ways, in order to reassemble disparate collections and critically interrogate notions of ‘communities’ as entities with clear-cut boundaries. After all, in an environment of debate, an exhibition cannot any longer be understood as a means of conveying and popularising knowledge, but rather as a way of making an argument in 3D.
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Küller, Rikard. "Environmental Assessment from a Neuropsychological Perspective." In Environment, Cognition, and Action. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062205.003.0012.
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Environmental assessment is closely related to the impact environments make on people. Places that induce anxiety and stress in childhood may be regarded with dismay later in life. The relationship between people and their environments may be conceived in physiological, psychological, or ethnological terms, or, which is often the case, by concepts borrowed from these three fields simultaneously. The description of the relationship can be kept either at a molecular or a molar level. The former may be exemplified by the effect of noise on blood pressure, while the latter may be the home's impact on the developing child. The present chapter constitutes an attempt to formulate a model at the molar level of human-environment interaction, largely based on knowledge from the neuropsychological discipline. For the sake of clarity I will first discuss some of the basic concepts employed in contemporary model building in neuropsychology. I will then suggest that these concepts may be brought together into what I have called the basic emotional process. I will support this construct by results from previous research on emotion, and also demonstrate the remarkable congruence between the physiological and semantic branches of this research. Using the emotional process as a focus, a model of human-environment interaction will be proposed, which describes how the person may feel and act under the influence of the physical and social environment, mediated by his or her individual reaction tendencies. The presentation will be illustrated by reference to field studies and experiments carried out by our group since the mid-1960s. Ample use will also be made of studies carried out elsewhere. However, the chapter does not, in the conventional sense, constitute a review of the existing literature on environmental assessment. Instead, it presents one view on assessment, which naturally leads to a specific organization of the existing evidence. One advantage of the proposed model is that it has the capacity to incorporate recent findings of the neurosciences in a detailed and precise way. The model may also be developed and tested further in this direction. Another advantage is that the model has proven to be a useful tool in the environmental design process.
Conference papers on the topic "Ethnological models"
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Radojičić, Dragana. "ANTHROPOGEOGRAPHIC SCHOOL AND ETHNOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN SERBIA." In Book of Abstracts and Contributed Papers. Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijić" SASA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/csge5.77dr.
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The paper intends to chronologically present the development path of ethnology as an educational and scientific discipline from the anthropogeographical school of Jovan Cvijić to the present day. There is a long list of all those who, from Dositej’s enlightenment, through Vuk’s romanticism and Cvijić’s school of anthropogeography, contributed to the development of ethnology in Serbia. It is undeniable, however, that with the appearance of Jovan Cvijić, ethnology became independent and gained its place in the scientific and educational system. The Cvijić’s anthropogeography school was shut down without the subsequent generations having produced an original approach: contemporary anthropology in Serbia is based on taking over the current world scientific models of anthropological schools from the West. Cvijić’s key role in branding ethnology as an educational and scientific discipline in Serbia—from the “science of the people“ to current anthropological directions is unquestionable. The term science of the people is a concise description of all the directions in which the researches of our early ethnologists, educated under the influence of Cvijić’s anthropogeographical school, as well as those of later researchers, whose traces of activity go back to after the Second World War. Cvijić’s school became known beyond the then borders of Yugoslavia. Naturally, understandings about the subject and goals of ethnology have changed, and the methods of scientific work have been improved. Today, anthropology is dominant, and the state of ethnological and anthropological science in Serbia can be monitored at least on three levels: education and institutions; scientific production—realization and presentation of scientific work; scientific configuration—diversity and directions of scientific approaches.
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Cusnir, Josefina. "Interpretative ethnological model “decalogue and harmonizing hermeneutic maxims of obligatoriness: an aspect of upbringing”: on the example of the memoir prose of a native of Chisinau." In Patrimoniul cultural: cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975351379.31.
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The interpretive ethnological model “The Decalogue and Harmonizing Hermeneutic Maxims of Obligatoriness: An Aspect of Upbringing” is developed within the framework of a noetic interdisciplinary system of our four concepts (concept of humanization of myth; concept of megamodern; concept of ethicizing mythological consciousness; concept of aesthetic meaning). This system is based on the works by many outstanding scholars, including the achievements of interpretive (hermeneutic) anthropology by C. Geertz, the ideas of J.J. Wunenburger, K. Hubner, V. Frankl, E. Fromm, N. Berdyaev, J. Ortega y Gasset, K. Jaspers, etc. In the interpretative model, the eight “implicit principles of upbringing (world perception, behavior) according to the Decalogue” revealed by us are applied: these principles are based on the concept of man and the Universe represented in the Ten Commandments. This model allows examining distinct hermeneutic maxims as a sort of ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism for the 21st century” (UNESCO). A Family Portrait in the Midst of Chisinau Landscape, memoir prose by Susanna Cușnir, is examined according to this model. One of the revealed hermeneutic maxims reads: “The Universe is such that man can follow his creative impulses at any age”.
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Cusnir, Jozefina. "Implicit principles of upbringing according to the decalogue: their ethnocultural specificity in childhood and youth memories of a jewish resident of Chisinau." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.17.
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The instrumentarium of this research is based upon the achievements of interpretive anthropology by C. Geertz and includes a number of our developments implemented within the concept of ethicizing mythological consciousness (a special component of the interdisciplinary system of four concepts which is being developed by us). These developments include: a) eight fundamental principles of Jewish upbringing which are implicit principles of upbringing (view of life, behavior) according to the Decalogue and are based on the concept of man and the Universe represented in the Ten Commandments; b) an interpretive ethnological model “The Decalogue and Harmonizing Hermeneutic Maxims of Obligatoriness: An Aspect of Upbringing.” The narratives by Raisa Lvovna Gandelman, born in 1903 in Chisinau, serve as materials for the study. Raisa Lvovna’s childhood and youth memories about the way her mother was treating her when the girl was sick, Ruhele’s recollections of her father, a proposal of marriage made to her at the age of seventeen, etc., are analyzed. The revealed hermeneutic maxims are identified as ethnocultural specificity of shaping the epoch of “new humanism in the 21st century” (UNESCO).
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Кушнир, Жозефина. "Metaphysics of an Act as a Topic of Implicit Education among Chisinau Jews as Exemplifi ed in a Memoir Analytical Novel by a Native of Chisinau." In Conferința științifică internațională Patrimoniul cultural: cercetare, valorificare, promovare. Ediția XIV. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/pc22.31.
Full textAbstract:
Within the framework of the interdisciplinary noetic system of concepts developed by us, “metaphysics of an act” as a term implies one of Besht’s constant concepts determined by two basic principle maxims: “Nothing is in vain” and “To save everything.” We refer to the spiritual as noetic (following V. Frankl and C. Geertz), but not in the theological sense, but in the anthropological one. Specifi c ways of implicit exemplifi cation and translation of these principle maxims are revealed in the behavioral realities of several generations of a Jewish family from Chisinau as exemplifi ed in Gita Govinda (Song of the Shepherd), a memoir analytical novel by Elena Cușnir. To examine this narrative, the interpretative ethnological noetic model titled Th e Decalogue: Th e Aspect of Upbringing (the Case of an “I-Document” as a Literary Work) was applied. As a result, the forms in which the principle maxims “Nothing is in vain” and “To save everything” can be present in the consciousness and /or the unconsciousness of a modern person are demonstrated; in addition, behavioral realities, due to which they become the object of translation, are revealed. Th e anthropological noetic content of the concept of “ethics”, which corresponds to the ideas by A. Schweitzer, E. Fromm, and V. Frankl, is specifi ed.