Relevant bibliographies by topics / Export Earnings

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Export Earnings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Export Earnings"

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Nawaz, Sadaf, Sajida Kamran, Ramsha Saleem, Muhammad Ali, and Nadia Asad. "Impact of Commodity Concentration and Geographical Concentration upon Export instability in Pakistan." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 26, no. 2 (2023): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2023-0012.

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Abstract This research study investigates the factors affecting export instability in Pakistan by using time-series data from 1981 to 2017. The determining factors of export instability in this study are commodity concentration index, geographical concentration index, food ratio, export earnings and total export quantity. The study employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to investigate the long-run (LR) relationship between export instability and its employed determinants. The empirical evidence reveals that commodity concentration, geographical concentration, food exports and expo
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M. Al Shaar, Eshaq, Nidal O. Zalloum, Shadi A. Khattab, and Tasneem Fayez Alfalah. "Managerial Ability, Earnings Quality, and Future Performance." Jordan Journal of Economic Sciences 9, no. 2 (2022): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjes.v9i2.220.

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This paper investigates Algeria's main export volatility drivers via a regression model. The methodology involves the construction and estimation of an econometric model. In this model, the annual time series from 1992 to 2016 is used to estimate the impact of export structure and product concentration on the size of export volatility. The results reveal that export volatility in Algeria is high, and this is due to the growing percentage of consumer and raw material exports. The increasing size of exports is also an essential determinant of volatility. The findings indicate a need to reduce th
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Tariq, Ahmad, and Qazi Najeeb. "Export Earnings Instability in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (1995): 1181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.1181-1189.

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Since independence, Pakistan, like many other countries, has been facing the problem of the balance-of-payments deficit. A number of policies have been introduced during different periods for rapid and continuous growth in Pakistan’s exports. These policies, like import substitution, devaluation of the rupee in 1972, export finance schemes, tax concessions, delinking of the rupee from the U.S. dollar in 1982, etc., have helped in boosting its exports to some extent but not enough to stabilise its export earnings. The fluctuations in export earnings are known to have serious consequences. Speci
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ZUBERU, ILIYA, YUSUF, and SALIHU. "AGRICULTURAL SEED FINANCING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT EARNINGS FOR NIGERIA ECONOMY." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 10 (2017): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2300.

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Since the discovery of oil, there has been a drastic decline in agricultural exports as percentage of total exports declined from about 43% to slightly over 7% between 1970 and 1974, as a result of the oil price shocks of 1973 – 1974 which resulted in large receipts of foreign exchange earnings by Nigeria and the neglect of agriculture. There have been series of declines in agricultural export since the mid-1970s at an average annual decline rate of 17 percent and by 1996, agricultural export accounted for only 2 percent of total exports, hence, making Nigeria net importer of basic food stuff.
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ZUBERU, O. Emmanuel, Bawa ILIYA, Salamatu YUSUF, and O. Ramat SALIHU. "AGRICULTURAL SEED FINANCING: IMPLICATIONS FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT EARNINGS FOR NIGERIA ECONOMY." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 10 (2017): 228–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1043190.

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Since the discovery of oil, there has been a drastic decline in agricultural exports as percentage of total exports declined from about 43% to slightly over 7% between 1970 and 1974, as a result of the oil price shocks of 1973 – 1974 which resulted in large receipts of foreign exchange earnings by Nigeria and the neglect of agriculture. There have been series of declines in agricultural export since the mid-1970s at an average annual decline rate of 17 percent and by 1996, agricultural export accounted for only 2 percent of total exports, hence, making Nigeria net importer of basic food stuff.
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A.K.D.K., Chathurangi. "Modeling Tea Export Earnings by Category in Sri Lanka: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 5 (2022): 1258–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6671189.

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Tea industry is a major thrust industryin Sri Lanka which has a significant contribution Sri Lankan economy. Therefore, it is vital to study the behavior of tea export earnings. The study attempts to forecast tea export earnings by category namely Bulk tea, Tea bags, Tea packets and Total exports. The data was obtained from Sri Lanka Tea Board from January 2005 to October 2019. The Vector Autoregressive model was adopted initially by consideringlong run and short run relationship among category-wise tea export earnings via the Johansen cointegration technique. To further explore the dynamic co
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Singh, J. P., and S. K. Goyal. "Indian Agricultural and Processed Food Products." Foreign Trade Review 40, no. 1 (2005): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732515050103.

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Wheat, jaggery & confectionery, animal casings, dried & preserved vegetables, fresh vegetables, floriculture were the main source of export earnings during last decades. The extent of growth in value terms has been invariably higher than the amount of growth in quantity terms except in case of jaggery & confectionery, alcoholic & beverages, and milled products. Wheat topped the list both in export earnings and quantity exported with 63.10 per cent and 53.08 per cent annual growth rates, respectively. Instability indices for both export earnings and quantity exported, were highe
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Bark, Taeho, and Jaime de Melo. "Export Quota Allocations, Export Earnings, and Market Diversification." World Bank Economic Review 2, no. 3 (1988): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/2.3.341.

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Kim, Chong-Sup, and Hyun-Jung Je. "The effect of export portfolio on export earnings and risks." Journal of Korea Trade 20, no. 2 (2016): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-04-2016-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess a country’s export returns and return volatility and to demonstrate that such an approach is a relevant method to predict a country’s export earnings and risks. Also to suggest important policy implications for Korea’s trade in terms of diversifying its export structure of products and destinations. Design/methodology/approach – The modern portfolio theory by Markowitz (1959) is applied to predict a country’s export earnings and risks. The import amount of a product, which includes aspects of both price and volume, is used as a measure of return
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Babalola, Oladapo O. "Export Promotion: Agricultural Earnings Perspective." Àgídìgbo: ABUAD Journal of the Humanities 2, no. 2 (2014): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.53982/agidigbo.2014.0202.07-j.

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In this paper, we made use of the Ordinary Least Square method in an attempt to analyze the influence of Agricultural Export eamings on economic growth in Nigeria. Secondary data sourced from World Bank databank and Central Bank of Nigeria for 1981-2013 were used in the study. Other tests performed include the Johansen co-integration test, Augmented Dickey Fuller for stationarity, Granger Causality test to know the direction of causality of variables used. The study found out that Agricultural export as considerable spur the growth of the economy just as the Oil Sector, whereas inflation is qu
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Export Earnings"

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Ndzinge, Victoria. "Botswana's commodity concentration and export earnings." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14976.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>Commodity concentration has been regarded as a major factor contributing to short-term instability in export earnings experienced by developing countries. This paper investigates the degree of export instability in Botswana's exports. It also considers whether commodity concentration is a source of instability in Botswana's export earnings. Findings found that Botswana's export instability is relatively high compared to other countries. In addition commodity concentration was found not to be the main source of instability in export earnings for the case
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Smith, Margaret. "Export earnings instability in Brazil, 1953-1983." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75668.

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The central focus is on the testing of the causes and effects of export earnings instability in Brazil, 1953-1983. While Brazil has been included in some cross-sectional studies of fluctuations in export earnings, it has not been the subject of a case study, as is provided here. We test the traditional theory which stipulates that increased diversification of exports will decrease export earnings instability, and that in turn, a decrease in export earnings instability will enhance economic growth. While we do find that export diversification in Brazil did result in lower export earnings instab
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Whyte, Sashana. "Essays on the impact of export earnings instability on growth, investment, the balance of payments and external debt in the Caribbean." Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/66355/.

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This thesis contains four essays that investigate export earnings instability in the Caribbean. The investigation of this topic begins by exploring the causes of export earnings instability and extends to the impact this has on key macroeconomic variables in the economies of Caribbean countries, namely growth; investment; the balance of payments, and external debt. The first essay focuses on calculating the level of export earnings instability, exploring which group of exports contribute most to the level of instability and investigating the causes of export earnings instability for 15 Caribbe
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Hsu, Pei Hui. "Do Financial Expert Directors Affect the Incidence of Accruals Management to Meet or Beat Analyst Forecasts?" Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13220.

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Evidence that firms adjust accruals to just meet or beat analyst forecasts is pervasive. However, the implications for earnings quality are not clear. Managers can use this practice either to mislead investors, resulting in lower quality earnings, or to signal future earnings growth and thereby improve the decision usefulness of earnings. Assuming that boards are concerned about providing higher quality financial information and that they can discern the proper earnings signal, they should discourage managers from adjusting earnings to beat the analyst forecast target if such adjustment dimini
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XIE, QING-LIANG, and 謝清亮. "Export earnings instability and economic growth:an empirical study of Taiwan." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82585592545468848468.

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Sidabutar, Hiras. "An investigation of the impacts of domestic log processing and log export restrictions on Indonesia's export earnings from logs, lumber, and plywood." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20494844.html.

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Al-Atrash, Hassan Muhammad. "Commodity concentration, export earnings instability, and growth a vector autoregression analysis of selected developing countries /." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29424975.html.

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Murillo-Martinez, Carlos G. "An analysis of Costa Rican export earnings under the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act (CBERA)." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26869.

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This Thesis explores the possibility of increased export and export earnings stability for Costa Rica after the implementation of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act (CBERA) or Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI). It was expected that this policy would not only increase trade and exports for some developing nations in the Caribbean but also promote development and economic stability. An export earnings model was calculated using the deflated export earnings to the U.S. and fitting a time trend equation by OLS to calculate the residuals. These residuals were then transformed to develop a ris
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Gnepa, Tahi Jacques. "The impact of diversification on export earnings stability the case of Ivory Coast, 1960-84 /." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/21744711.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1989.<br>Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-172).
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Wang, Wan-Chien, and 王宛千. "The factors that affect the earnings of the listed export-oriented and local domestic companies and policy effects." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35419115659597033562.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>經濟學研究所<br>96<br>Because of the limited area of Taiwan and a deficiency of natural resources, international trade activities play an important role in Taiwan,s economic development. During the process of economic development, local domestic industries that satisfy domestic needs in Taiwan and export-oriented industries that offer commodities to foreign markets are the main factors that push economic growth in Taiwan. Considering direct trade activities, this paper would like to discuss which factors affect the variation of earnings in the two different industries. This
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Books on the topic "Export Earnings"

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Pak, Tʻae-ho. Export quota allocations, export earnings, and market diversifications. Country Economics Dept., World Bank, 1988.

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Commission of the European Communities. The Export earnings stabilization system (STABEX). Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General Information, Communication, Culture, 1990.

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United Nations Conference on Trade and Development., ed. Compensatory financing of export earnings shortfalls: Report of the expert group. United Nations, 1986.

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United Nations Conference on Trade and Development., ed. Compensatory financing of export earnings shortfalls: Report of the expert group. United Nations, 1985.

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Shahnasarian, Michael. Assessment of earning capacity. 3rd ed. Lawyers & Judges Pub., 2011.

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Shahnasarian, Michael. Assessment of earning capacity. Lawyers & Judges Publishing Company, Inc., 2015.

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Shahnasarian, Michael. Assessment of earning capacity. 2nd ed. Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co., 2004.

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S, Marshall Kevin, and Ireland Thomas R. 1942-, eds. Measuring loss in catastrophic injury cases. Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co., 2006.

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P, Vani B., and Institute for Social and Economic Change., eds. In pursuit of India's export earning advantage: An assessment of IT-enabled services industry. Institute for Social and Economic Change, 2008.

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Abbott, Malcolm. Earning a living in New Zealand: The long term growth and development of New Zealand. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Export Earnings"

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O’Malley, Eoin. "Sectoral Growth and Export Earnings." In Palgrave Studies in Economic History. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53070-8_4.

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AbstractThis chapter analyses the contributions of different sectors to economic growth during the boom, focusing particularly on the contributions of sectors to exports because, in a small and very open economy, export growth makes an essential contribution that drives the rest of the economy. As an essential part of this, it examines the net foreign earnings accruing to the Irish economy after deducting the profit outflows and payments for imported inputs that were associated with each sector’s exports. Most manufacturing sectors looked less important in terms of net foreign earnings than th
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Abate, Tsedeke, and Getinet Alemaw. "The Rise of Oilseeds in Export Diversification and Earnings." In The Untold Stories of African Agriculture. CABI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800626386.0006.

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Ntamatungiro, Joseph. "Hedging Commodity Export Earnings with Futures and Option Contracts." In Commodity, Futures and Financial Markets. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3354-8_2.

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Abate, Tsedeke. "The Rise and Decline of Vegetables in Export Diversification and Earnings." In The Untold Stories of African Agriculture. CABI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800626386.0007.

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O’Malley, Eoin. "The End of the Boom." In Palgrave Studies in Economic History. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53070-8_7.

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AbstractThe boom ended in 2007. Although export growth slowed down as early as 2000, that trend was not very serious for the economy because the growth of net foreign earnings did not slow down, due to the changing sectoral composition of exports. The growth of net foreign earnings slowed down eventually in 2005, primarily because foreign-owned manufacturing companies stopped growing. This would probably have brought an end to the boom in the economy were it not for the housing boom. The housing boom and its associated financial inflows kept the economic boom going for another couple of years.
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Rajesh, Gnana, AlMoutasim Sulaiman AlMayahi, and Mohammed Abdallah AlHarrasi. "Sustainable Agriculture Through AI-Powered Pollination: Transforming Large-Scale Date Palm Agriculture in the Middle East." In Sustainability, AI and Innovation: Proceedings of the Applied Research in Humanities & Social Sciences (ARHSS 2023). Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-2532-1_18.

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Abstract In this research, we analyzed a specific problem that our farmers have been facing for a long time, namely the pollination of the palm trees and t h e location where it is mainly needed. Our objective is to measure the effectiveness of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technology into large-scale date palm pollination in Oman. Further, our study aims to measure the resources saved by this technology and to determine which location will benefit from using this technology. To achieve the research goals, we adopted a hybrid approach methodology. We argue that this is the greatest
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Knight, Marcia. "Serving as an expert witness." In Earning a living outside of managed mental health care: 50 ways to expand your practice. American Psychological Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/12138-042.

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Abdeljawad, Islam, and Muiz Abu Alia. "The Impact of Earnings Management on Unexpected Stock Returns: Palestinian Evidence." In Explore Business, Technology Opportunities and Challenges ‎After the Covid-19 Pandemic. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08954-1_55.

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Aljadba, Ali H. I., Norhaziah Binti Nawai, Nur Hidayah Binti Laili, and Mahmoud M. M. Elmasri. "Conceptualizing the Effects of Board of Directors’ Characteristics on Earnings Management." In Explore Business, Technology Opportunities and Challenges ‎After the Covid-19 Pandemic. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08954-1_68.

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Brumbaugh, Zander, and Manuel Leithner. "Publishing on the ModHub." In Scripting Farming Simulator with Lua. Apress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/979-8-8688-0060-3_11.

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AbstractYou have now successfully created six mods and should feel confident in bringing your own ideas for mod creations to life. In this chapter, we will explore how to publish your creations to the ModHub for others to download and play while potentially earning revenue with your mod’s success.
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Conference papers on the topic "Export Earnings"

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Jadhav, Suraj G., and Surendra Sarnikar. "Deriving Strategic Insights from Earnings Calls: Leveraging Human Experts, AI-Based Search, and Generative AI for Synthesis and Summarization." In 2024 Conference on AI, Science, Engineering, and Technology (AIxSET). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/aixset62544.2024.00031.

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Kiforenko, Oksana. "International Trade as a Component for a Country's Resilience to War: Case Study – Ukraine." In 25th International Joint Conference Central and Eastern Europe in the Changing Business Environment. Vydavateľstvo EKONÓM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53465/ceecbe.2025.9788022552257.155-169.

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Building resilience to such an influential process as a war, that is the ability to adapt well to unexpected changes and events arising in the course of its going on, is a vital necessity for either a country's survival or its rebuilding in the after-war period. International trade is one of the most powerful tools for building resilience against human-made challenges like a war. International trade is an important source of money earning for Ukraine and it increased in its importance with the war actions going on on its territory. The following tools and methods of scientific research were us
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Marasinghe, T., N. Paranawithana, F. Balthazaar, et al. "Factors Affecting Sri Lankan Cinnamon Export Income." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable & Digital Business. SLIIT Business School, 2024. https://doi.org/10.54389/vkew3023.

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Ceylon cinnamon, renowned for its superior flavour and delicate appearance, faces distinctive challenges in the global market due to its higher cost and limited availability compared to cassia cinnamon. The major objective of this paper is to identify and analyse factors influencing the export income of Ceylon cinnamon in the areas of production volume, exchange rate, domestic consumption, and land area. The study quantifies the impact of these variables on export income by applying multiple linear regression analysis to data from the period 1992 to 2022 in Sri Lanka. The findings of this pape
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Vighnesh, K. Saai, and Sangeetha Gunasekar. "Export earnings of telecommunication, software and ITeS — A comparative study post financial crisis." In 2016 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsp.2016.7754435.

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Gbakon, Kaase, Joseph Ajienka, Joshua Gogo, and Omowumi Iledare. "Oil Production Forecasting Models and Oil End-Use Optimization Framework under Global Energy Transition Dynamics." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211967-ms.

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Abstract This paper reviews oil (and gas) supply forecasting models and subsequently espouses atypical modeling approaches for the optimal allocation of crude oil production. This paper becomes imperative within the context of the global energy transition and the future of the oil and gas industry in Africa in general and Nigeria, in particular. A categorization framework has been utilized to classify oil supply forecasting models based on regional focus, modelling techniques, and outcomes. The log – log functional form is adopted in this paper to forecast oil production in Nigeria and subsequ
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Karapavlović, Nemanja, та Vladimir Obradović. "PROFITABILITY OF SERBIAN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES: THE IMPACT OF EXPORT 2025EBM24Зборници". У Eighth International Scientific Conference Contemporary Issues in Economics, Business and Management [EBM 2024]. Faculty of Economics, Kragujevac, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/ebm24.375k.

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The objective of this paper is to examine whether the profitability of Serbian information technology companies differs depending on whether the company is an exporter or non-exporter. Our study covers 100 information technology companies from a developing and transition country of the Republic of Serbia. It relies on hand-collected data from the financial statements for 2021, 2022, and 2023 available on the official website of the Serbian Business Registers Agency. All observed companies are registered under industry code 6201 – Computer Programming. We have divided sample companies into two
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Čerňák, Jozef. "The Role of Copper in Zambia." In EDAMBA 2023: 26th International Scientific Conference for Doctoral Students and Post-Doctoral Scholars. University of Economics in Bratislava, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53465/edamba.2023.9788022551274.43-53.

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Natural resources stand high on the agenda of a number of Regional Economic Communities (RECs) in Africa (AfDB, 2013). Resource-rich countries usually depend on single main export product. Zambia being a member of both COMESA and SADC as two RECs in Africa has copper reserves of roughly 20 million tons and is the second largest copper producer in Africa. 70% of country’s foreign exchange revenue is coming from copper. When copper prices fall on world markets, this means lower convertible currency earnings for Zambia. Zambia’s dependence on copper makes the country vulnerable to commodity price
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Sangeeth, I., S. Madushan, T. Dharana, and J. R. Gamage. "Design and development of a bulk cinnamon processing machine." In Engineering Research Unit Symposium 2024. Engineering Research Unit, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31705/eru.2024.3.

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Cinnamon, a highly valued spice with a rich history, has played a significant role in ancient trade and continues to be a pivotal economic activity in Sri Lanka. It is the third-largest agricultural export in the country, cultivated across a substantial land area and involving a large number of people. Cinnamon's economic potential is evident in its export earnings, averaging $191 million, along with an additional $7 million from value-added products, contributing to economic growth and employment opportunities. Cinnamon has origins in Myanmar and Sri Lanka but is now grown in various regions
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Zagorova, Krassimira. "Analysis of the Mechanism of the Common Organization of the Markets for Agricultural Products in the European Union." In 8th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2022.1.

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The Common Organization of the Market for Agricultural Prod­ucts in the European Union is part of the common agricultural policy, which ensures both stable and predictable markets and resilient purchase prices, which in turn safeguards farmers’ stable earnings and provides constant supply of quality food to consumers. The aim of this study is to analyze the applicability and adaptability of the mechanism of the common organization of markets in the EU, including: its internal aspect, mainly related to interventions in the market for agricultur­al products, and its external aspect related to th
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DUMITRU, Eduard Alexandru, Daniela VOICILĂ, and Laurențiu Ionuț PETRE. "ESTIMATES REGARDING THE EVOLUTION OF THE LABOR FORCE IN AGRICULTURE AT THE LEVEL OF ROMANIA." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2020/9/02.

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The labor force in agriculture is an essential component of agriculture. The paper addresses the evolution of the number of employees in the period 2008-2019, at national level and in agriculture, forestry and fishing. Also, the evolution of the net earning in agriculture in the period 2008-2019 was analyzed. The aim of the paper is to identify the trend of the evolution of the number of employees in agriculture, as well as the net earnings in this sector, thus, based on these data we can estimate their evolution by 2030, using the Expert Modeler method (SPSS), and determining the main statist
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Reports on the topic "Export Earnings"

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Lanzona, Leonardo. The Effects of CPTPP on Philippine Employment and Earnings: A CGE Approach. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/pn2023.07.

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This Policy Note determines the potential impact of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) on the Philippines using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) microsimulation model. It finds that the Philippines’ participation in the CPTPP will benefit workers, especially the unskilled, by raising their employment and earnings as export diversification is achieved. However, these benefits will come at a cost, as high-value-added industries favored by the existing trade barriers will experience a loss. This will cause a decline in the country’s gross domes
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Kholoshyn, Ihor, Svitlana Mantulenko, Accola Sharon Joyce, Daniel Sherick, Talgat Uvaliev, and Victoria Vedmitska. Geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine. EDP Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4618.

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Based on the generalization and systematization of scientific and accounting data, the article considers agriculture as one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, providing 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports of all goods from the country. The structure and geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine are analyzed. The existing export potential of the studied sector of the national economy and the level of self-sufficiency of Ukraine in agri-food products are revealed. Four specialization types of agricultural exports from Ukrainian regions are established: areas with dom
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Kholoshyn, Ihor, Svitlana Mantulenko, Accola Sharon Joyce, Daniel Sherick, Talgat Uvaliev, and Victoria Vedmitska. Geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine. EDP Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4618.

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Based on the generalization and systematization of scientific and accounting data, the article considers agriculture as one of the leading sectors of the Ukrainian economy, providing 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports of all goods from the country. The structure and geography of agricultural exports from Ukraine are analyzed. The existing export potential of the studied sector of the national economy and the level of self-sufficiency of Ukraine in agri-food products are revealed. Four specialization types of agricultural exports from Ukrainian regions are established: areas with dom
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4

Hausmann, Ricardo, and Bailey Klinger. Growth Diagnostic: Peru. Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011325.

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This paper presents a growth diagnostic exercise for Peru. It notes that although Peru has recently enjoyed high rates of economic growth, this growth is actually a recovery from a significant and sustained growth collapse that began in the 1970s, caused by a decline in export earnings due to the fall in international prices and an inadequate investment regime in export activities. However, the transformation of the export sector has been surprisingly small: the same activities that declined- mining and energy- are the ones that are leading the current recovery in exports. The authors argue th
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Lanzona, Leonardo, Philip Arnold Tuano, Rolly Czar Joseph Castillo, Cymon Kayle Lubangco, Gerald Gracius Pascua, and Julian Thomas Alvarez. The Effects of CPTPP on Philippine Employment and Earnings: A CGE Approach. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2022. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2022.39.

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This study aims to determine the potential impact of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) on the Philippines using a CGE-microsimulation model. From the standard Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) Database, the paper first considers the impact of CPTPPP on the Gross Domestic Product, sectoral exports and imports, and welfare in terms of incomes or consumption. After looking at the aggregate market-level reactions, the study then measures the adjustments at the worker level and determines how the exposure to trade with a particular region, such as
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Pool, Jennifer P., and Christian Volpe Martincus. Can Online Platforms Promote Women-Led Exporting Firms? Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005061.

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How can policymakers promote women-led exporting firms? In this paper, we study the role of online business platforms to reduce informational barriers to exporting for women entrepreneurs. We hypothesize that, if the costs associated with accessing digital platforms are more symmetric across gender than traditional trade costs, digital trade platforms can play an important role in making trade more gender equal. To assess this hypothesis, we combine information on firms' participation in ConnectAmericas , a free and purely informational online platform, and detailed firm level export data of a
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Alimi, Omoniyi, and David Maré. Intergenerational earnings persistence in Aotearoa New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, 2025. https://doi.org/10.29310/wp.2025.01.

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We present estimates of intergenerational earnings persistence (IEP) in New Zealand using linked administrative data. We assemble a dataset of around 288,000 individuals born between 1986 and 1992 and link them to their parents using data from various administrative datasets, 2013 and 2018 Censuses, and household surveys. We examine inter-generational persistence in outcomes including income source and access to employment. For around 198,000 cases where both parents and children are actively participating in the labour market (defined as earning wages and salaries for more than 6 months a yea
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Nogués, Julio J. Agricultural Exporters in a Protectionist World: Review and Policy Implications of Barriers Against Mercosur. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011107.

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Worldwide, the Mercosur countries are probably the ones that face the most hostile trading system. Their strong comparative advantage in temperate agricultural and agro-industrial products make them particularly vulnerable to the irrationally high and variable agricultural protectionism cum subsidies that continues to distort this trade. In retrospect the paper argues that signing the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture was a kiss of death for the development prospects of these countries. Likewise, the continued expansion of regional policies and particularly that practiced by the EU, conti
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Roth, Vathana, and Siela Bossba Benghong. Impact on the Lives and Livelihoods of Factory Workers during COVID-19. Cambodia Development Resource Institute, 2023. https://doi.org/10.64202/wp.140.202306.

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This study analyses the impacts of COVID-19 on the lives and livelihoods of workers in the garment, textile and footwear manufacturing in Cambodia, a sector which employed approximately 800,000 people (80 percent of whom were female) and contributed about 70 percent to the country’s annual total export value prior to the pandemic. The analysis examines potential disproportionate effects of the pandemic on women and men, focusing on earnings, consumption and remittances, possible conflicts at home and workplace, mental health, coping strategies and receipts of in-cash and in-kind assistance fro
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Matchaya, G., G. Y. Ebrahim, M. Aheeyar, O. C. Ajayi, and O. Ajilore. Advancing digital agriculture for climate resilience and economic transformation in Malawi. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2025. https://doi.org/10.5337/2025.219.

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Malawi, a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa, is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Agriculture is the backbone of its economy, supporting more than 80% of the population, contributing 30% to the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and generating 80% of export earnings. The World Bank projects that, under a business-as-usual scenario, climate change could reduce Malawi’s GDP by 3–9% by 2030, 6–20% by 2040 and 8–16% by 2050. These losses are primarily attributed to infrastructure damages, including roads and bridges, and decreased labor productivity due to heat stress. Addit
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