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Books on the topic 'Facial area'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Rice, A. H. N. Neoproterozoic glacial and associated facies in the Tanafjord-Varangerfjord area, Finnmark, north Norway. The Geological Society of America, 2012.

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2

Manojlovic, Peter Michael. Retrogression of granulite facies gneisses in the Huntsville area, southwestern Grenville Province. National Library of Canada, 1988.

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3

Smith, Moira T. Geologic map of the Old Copper Hill-Butcher Mountain area, Stevens County, Washington. Washington State Dept. of Natural Resources, 1991.

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4

Dyman, T. S. Redefinition of Frontier Formation: Beaverhead Group contact, Lima Peaks area, southwestern Montana and southeastern Idaho. U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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5

B, Edwards Marc, and Hansen, T. A. (Tor Arne), eds. Neoproterozoic glacial and associated facies in the Tanafjord-Varangerfjord area, Finnmark, north Norway. The Geological Society of America, 2012.

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6

Slocum, Susan L., Peter Wiltshier, and John B. Read IV, eds. Tourism transformations in protected area gateway communities. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249033.0000.

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Abstract Gateway communities that neighbour parks and protected areas are impacted by tourism, while facing unique circumstances related to protected area management. Economic dependency remains a serious challenge for these communities, especially in a climate of neoliberalism, top-down policy environments, and park closures related to environmental degradation or government budgets. The collection of works in this edited book provide bottom-up, informed, and nuanced approaches to tourism management using local experiences from gateway communities and protected areas management emerging from
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7

Bukovac, Josip. Tectonics of the contact zone of the Dinaricum and Supradinaricum in the area of Krnjak-Barilović-Karlovac (Croatia, Yugoslavia) =: Tektonski odnosi u kontaktnoj zoni Dinarika i Supradinarika u području Krnjak-Barilović-Karlovac (Hrvatska, Jugoslavija). Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, 1988.

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8

Matyja, Hanna. Ewolucja facjalna, tektoniczna i termiczna pomorskiego segmentu szwu transeuropejskiego oraz obszarów przyległych: Facies, tectonic and thermal evolution of the Pomeranian sector of trans-European suture zone and adjacent areas. Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, 2006.

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9

Trewin, N. H. Jurassic sedimentation and tectonics in the Brora-Helmsdale area, and old red sandstone fluvial and lacustrine facies in N. Sco(t)land. BritishSedimentological Research Group, 1991.

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10

Armstrong, Augustus K. Stratigraphy, facies, and paleotectonic history of Mississippian rocks in the San Juan basin of northwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas. U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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11

Melo Figueiredo, Elisabete Maria, and Antonio Raschi, eds. Fertile Links? Connections between tourism activities, socioeconomic contexts and local development in European rural areas. Firenze University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-389-2.

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In many European regions, rural areas are facing major challenges in economic and social terms, consequence of transformations in the role and meaning of agriculture. The loss of the productive character strongly contributed to the emergence of new roles and functions, particularly related to leisure and tourism. The book aims to discuss questions directly related to the connections between rural tourism and local socioeconomic contexts, presenting diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives and diff erent case studies from various European regions. The book addresses the relationships
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12

Dyman, T. S. Conglomerate facies and contact relationships of the upper Cretaceous upper part of the Frontier Formation and lower part of the Beaverhead group, Lima Peaks area, southwestern Montana and southeastern Idaho. U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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13

Caudron, Chris. Maquillajes divertidos. Editorial Lumen, 1997.

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14

Ketner, Keith Brindley. The nature and timing of tectonism in the western facies terrane of Nevada and California: An outline of evidence and interpretations derived from geologic maps of key areas. U.S. G.P.O., 1998.

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15

Zubova, Elena. Eyebrow and eyelash design technology. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. https://doi.org/10.12737/2063437.

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The tutorial reveals the technologies of eyebrow architecture, marking, haircut and correction using special tools, as well as eyebrow and eyelash coloring. The topics of the history of fashion for eyebrow shapes, color types of appearance, and facial proportions are touched upon. Special attention is paid to practical work, features and stages of its implementation. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation. It is intended for students of secondary specialized educational institutions studying in the specialty
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16

Norbury, Ian. Carving Facial Expressions. Linden Publishing, 2000.

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17

Carving facial expressions. Linden Pub., 1997.

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18

Carving facial expressions. Stobart Davies, 1997.

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19

Davies, Paul. Facial pain. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0052.

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Facial pain occupies the area below the orbitomeatal line, above the neck and anterior to the pinnae. It comes in many forms and may or may not be accompanied by other symptoms. It may be acute, subacute, or chronic, arise from local pathology (e.g. dentition, parotid gland, sinus), be referred from other structures (e.g. pain behind the eye may be due to cervical spondylosis or sphenoidal sinusitis) or be part of a neurological syndrome such as trigeminal neuralgia or persistent idiopathic facial pain (previously termed atypical facial pain). There is a wide differential diagnosis. As with he
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20

Shaibani, Aziz. Facial Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0005.

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Unilateral or bilateral facial weakness is an important manifestation of many neuromuscular disorders; some of them are as simple as Bell’s palsy while others are as serious as Guillain-Barrésyndrome. Facial weakness can be easily mimicked, and therefore psychogenic etiology should always be borne in mind. Peripheral facial weakness affects all functions and parts, while central weakness may save the upper face and may affect emotional and voluntary functions differentially. There are several causes of bilateral facial palsy but statistically, Bell’s palsy is still the most common. Long term c
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21

Shaibani, Aziz. Facial Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0005.

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Unilateral or bilateral facial weakness is an important manifestation of many neuromuscular disorders; some of them are as simple as Bell’s palsy, while others are as serious as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Facial weakness can be easily mimicked, and therefore, psychogenic etiology should always be kept in mind. Peripheral facial weakness affects all functions and parts, while central weakness may save the upper face and may affect emotional and voluntary functions differentially. Botulinum toxin injection has become a common cause of facial palsy, therefore detailed history is crucial. Exam
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22

Ekman, Paul. Facial Expressions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0003.

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The argument about whether facial expressions of emotion are universal or culture-specific goes back more than 100 years. This chapter reviews the different kinds of evidence that support universals in expression and cultural differences. I will present eight challenges to that evidence, and how those challenges have been met by proponents of universality. I will try to present the evidence and counterarguments as fairly as I can, so that readers can make up their own minds.
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23

Fernández-Dols, José-Miguel. Natural Facial Expression. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0024.

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The notion that there are universal facial expressions of basic emotion remains a dominant idea in the study of emotion. Inspired by pragmatics, and based on behavioral ecology and psychological constructionism, this chapter provides an alternative to the concept of facial expression of basic emotion: the concept of natural facial expression. Actual, observable natural facial expressions do not mean self-contained, discrete basic emotions; they are instead related to different components of diverse emotional episodes. Their communicative function is not semantic (e.g., a smile does not means h
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24

Socolovsky, Mariano, Rafael Torino, and Leandro Pretto Flores. Facial Nerve Injury. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0026.

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This chapter focuses on the clinical and surgical management of facial nerve palsy that occurs as a consequence of injury during resection of a vestibular schwannoma. If the facial nerve is damaged during cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection, a first attempt to repair it at the skull base should be made. Because this is commonly infeasible, a nerve transfer—scheduled as an elective procedure after the patient has completely recovered from the resection procedure—is mandatory. Hemihypoglossal, masseter, and cross-facial nerve transfers are the techniques most widely used. The authors’ p
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25

Fussey, Pete, and Daragh Murray. Facial Recognition Surveillance. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780191979927.001.0001.

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Abstract Scanning millions of faces each year, facial recognition technology (FRT) has become one of today’s fastest-growing and most controversial AI-driven surveillance technologies. Based on rare ethnographic access to police FRT deployments, this book examines the role and impact of this technology on operational practices, surveillance capabilities, and human rights protections. Drawing on the sociology of policing, science and technology studies, and human rights scholarship, the book demonstrates how this surveillance technology both shapes and is shaped by the complex operational envir
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26

Durán, Juan I., Rainer Reisenzein, and José-Miguel Fernández-Dols. Coherence Between Emotions and Facial Expressions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0007.

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The phrase “facial expression of emotion” contains the implicit assumption that facial expressions co-occur with, and are a consequence of, experienced emotions. Is this assumption true, or more precisely, to what degree is it true? In other words, what is the degree of statistical covariation, or coherence, between emotions and facial expressions? In this chapter, we review empirical evidence from laboratory and field studies that speaks to this question, summarizing studies results concerning expressions of emotions frequently considered as “basic”: happiness-amusement, surprise, disgust, sa
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27

Neoproterozoic Glacial and Associated Facies in the Tanafjord-Varangerfjord Area, Finnmark, North Norway. Geological Society of America, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/9780813700267.

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28

Adams, Reginald B., Daniel N. Albohn, and Kestutis Kveraga. A Social Vision Account of Facial Expression Perception. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0017.

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In this chapter, we discuss prospects for a future computational neuropsychology. Computerized approaches to assessment, the ability to implement life-like scenarios in a controlled virtual environment, and teleneuropsychology offer promise for expanding available approaches to cognitive remediation and self-monitoring. Computational models are also available increasingly for integrating neuroimaging into the assessment process. Neuropsychologists can use neuroimaging to develop new frameworks for neuropsychological testing that are rooted in the current evidence base on large-scale brain syst
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29

Bucy, Erik P., and Patrick Stewart. The Personalization of Campaigns: Nonverbal Cues in Presidential Debates. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.52.

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Nonverbal cues are important elements of persuasive communication whose influence in political debates are receiving renewed attention. Recent advances in political debate research have been driven by biologically grounded explanations of behavior that draw on evolutionary theory and view televised debates as contests for social dominance. The application of biobehavioral coding to televised presidential debates opens new vistas for investigating this time-honored campaign tradition by introducing a systematic and readily replicated analytical framework for documenting the unspoken signals tha
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30

Lee, Daniel H., and Adam K. Anderson. Form and Function of Facial Expressive Origins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0010.

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Facial expressions are an important source of social communication. But we do not know why they appear the way they do and how they arose. Here we discuss evidence supporting Darwin’s theory that our expressions originated for sensory egocentric function for the expresser, which were then co-opted as signals for allocentric social function. We show that facial expressions of fear and disgust have distinct opposing sensory effects that serve each emotion’s theorized function, regulating the intake of nasal and visual information. Then, we show how such egocentrically adaptive expressive forms m
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31

Parkinson, Brian. Interpersonal Effects and Functions of Facial Activity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0023.

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This chapter discusses how and why facial activity affects other people. First, I distinguish three general functions relating to practical object-directed action, regulating interpersonal interaction, and coordinating two or more people’s orientations toward objects, events, or other people. Facial activity can also acquire secondary signal and symbolic functions, some of which relate to emotion communication. Second, I discuss interpersonal effects of gaze deriving from these functions. Gaze plays an important role in regulating social attention as a prior condition for many of facial activi
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32

Camras, Linda A., Vanessa L. Castro, Amy G. Halberstadt, and Michael M. Shuster. Spontaneously Produced Facial Expressions in Infants and Children. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0015.

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This chapter explores the question of whether infants and children produce prototypic emotional facial expressions in emotion-eliciting situations. Investigations of both infants and children are described. These include a natural observation study of a single infant during routine caregiving activities, a systematic experiment in which infants were presented with elicitors of fear and anger, a seminaturalistic experiment during which mothers and children discuss a topic of disagreement, and a study of children’s responses to a fear stimulus presented in the context of an Internet prank. Toget
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33

Jacquet, Gabrielle, and Lawrence Page. Odontogenic Infections. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0013.

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Odontogenic infections often arise from dental caries (usually the mandibular teeth) or from dental extraction. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is more common in immunocompromised patients. These infections may spread into the parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spaces, involving the airway and mediastinum. Airway management is critical as odontogenic infections can compromise airways via mass effect. Complications include the following: abscess, facial or orbital cellulitis/abscess, intracranial invasion, Ludwig’s angina, Lemierre syndrome, carotid artery erosion, descending nec
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34

Carpinella, Colleen M., and Kerri L. Johnson. Face Value: Facial Appearance and Assessments of Politicians. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.62.

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The facial appearance of political candidates provides information to voters that can be vital to the impression-formation process. Traditionally, psychological research in the field of appearance-based politics has concentrated on investigating whether politicians’ physical appearance impacts perceptions of them. Recently, the focus has shifted from examining whether facial cues matter for impression formation to determining (1) which facial cues matter for voters’ perceptions of politicians and (2) how such visual cues are utilized within the political decision-making process. This shift in
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35

Baskerville, Stuart Linsey. The carboniferous (Courceyan-Chadian) sedimentary facies mosaic of the Keel-Ardagh area of County Longford, Eire. 1988.

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36

Patios y zonas de sombra/ Patios and Shade Areas: Rapido y facil/ Quick and Easy. Hispano Europea Editorial, 2008.

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37

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 44-Year-Old Man with Bilateral Facial Droop. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0017.

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Facial neuropathy is most commonly seen as an idiopathic unilateral palsy known as Bell’s palsy. Generally, acute onset of typical lower motor neuron facial weakness that is not associated with other atypical or suspicious features, remains unilateral, and recovers completely requires no further workup. A recurrent or bilateral peripheral facial palsy makes an idiopathic cause less likely and prompts a more in-depth workup. The appropriate work-up of unilateral or bilateral facial palsy guided by the presence or absence of associated clinical findings is discussed. The major differentials for
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38

Fletcher, Nicholas. Tremor, ataxia, and cerebellar disorders. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0898.

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Tremors are characterized by rhythmic oscillations of one or more body parts. Although typically seen in the upper limbs, almost any area may be involved, including the trunk, head, facial muscles, and legs. Sometimes, tremor is not visible at all but may be heard or palpated, for example, in vocal or orthostatic tremor, respectively. In neurological practice, the diagnosis and treatment of tremor is an everyday problem. A common scenario is the distinction between essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease. In this chapter, the wide range of tremors are discussed, with their aetiolology, pathop
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39

Scherer, Klaus, Marcello Mortillaro, and Marc Mehu. Facial Expression Is Driven by Appraisal and Generates Appraisal Inference. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0019.

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Emotion researchers generally concur that most emotions in humans and animals are elicited by the appraisals of events that are highly relevant for the organism, generating action tendencies that are often accompanied by changes in expression, autonomic physiology, and feeling. Scherer’s component process model of emotion (CPM) postulates that individual appraisal checks drive the dynamics and configuration of the facial expression of emotion and that emotion recognition is based on appraisal inference with consequent emotion attribution. This chapter outlines the model and reviews the accrued
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40

Fridlund, Alan J. The Behavioral Ecology View of Facial Displays, 25 Years Later. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0005.

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This chapter documents the twin origins of the behavioral ecology view (BECV) of human facial expressions, in (1) the empirical weakness and internal contradictions of the accounts proposed by basic emotion theory (BET) and particularly the neurocultural theory of Paul Ekman et al., and (2) newer understandings about the evolution of animal signaling and communication. BET conceives of our facial expressions as quasi-reflexes which are triggered by universal, modular emotion programs but require management in each culture lest they emerge unthrottled. Unlike BET, BECV regards our facial expres
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41

McKenzie, David, and Miriam Bruhn. The Impact of Expanding Simplified Start-up Procedures to More Remote Areas : The Minas Facil Expresso Program. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1596/17031.

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42

Bliss-Moreau, Eliza, and Gilda Moadab. The Faces Monkeys Make. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0009.

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In the 140-plus years since Darwin popularized the study of nonhuman animal emotion, interest in the emotional lives of nonhuman animals has expanded rapidly. On the basis of Darwin’s anecdotal observations about facial behaviors, it is often assumed that facial behaviors give evidence of emotion in both humans and nonhuman animals. These assumptions are then used to support claims about the evolution of emotion. In this chapter, we explore the empirical evidence about the structure and meaning of facial behaviors generated by macaque monkeys. Evidence indicates that individual facial behavior
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43

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 72-Year-Old Female with Facial Weakness and Droopy Eyelids. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0030.

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Fatigable weakness is the hallmark of myasthenia gravis (MG). It may present with false localizing signs leading to an itinal incorrect diagnosis of a brainstem stroke. MRI scanning of the brain with specific sequences can rule out the diagnosis of stroke. Differential diagnosis of MG may also include also motor neuron disease. Electromyography is very helpful in confirming the diagnosis of motor neuron disease. The two major diseases of the neuromuscular junction are MG and Lambert-Eaton syndrome (LEMS). A table presents the differing characteristics of each. LEMS can be associated with malig
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44

Gilad-Gutnick, Sharon, and Pawan Sinha. The Presidential Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0090.

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The effectiveness of the presidential illusion underscores the important point that by excluding external facial features, such as the head and hair shape, we lose critical information about the way faces are represented in real life. This chapter considers the question of whether whole-head processing is a general principle that can be extended to all face processes or if it specifically reflects the nature of facial encoding used by the visual system for the identification of individuals. For example, would supplementing the internal features of one face with those of another affect the perc
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45

LaHue, Sara, and Morris Levin. Emergency Neurology. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190064303.001.0001.

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Neurological emergencies, either presenting in the emergency department, arising in hospitalized patients, or presenting in the field are among the most worrisome of all medical situations. Neurologists are trained in best approaches to these emergencies, which include such diverse presentations as severe headache, transient neurologic deficits, altered consciousness and coma, severe vertigo and balance problems, uncontrolled seizures, radicular and facial pain, and posttraumatic conditions. However, as time is often “the enemy” as ER physicians commonly say, diagnostic and treatment dilemmas
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46

Swartz, Johnna R., Lisa M. Shin, Brenda Lee, and Ahmad R. Hariri. Using Facial Expressions to Probe Brain Circuitry Associated With Anxiety and Depression. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0014.

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Emotional facial expressions are processed by a distributed corticolimbic brain circuit including the amygdala, which plays a central role in detecting and responding to emotional expressions, and the prefrontal cortex, which evaluates, integrates, and regulates responses to emotional expressions. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to probe circuit function can reveal insights into the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. In this chapter, we review fMRI research into corticolimbic circuit processing of emotional facial expressions in social anxiety disorder, posttraum
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47

Russell, Richard. The Illusion of Sex. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0088.

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In the Illusion of Sex, an androgynous face has been manipulated to have increased or decreased contrast between its features and the surrounding skin. This manipulation makes the face appear male or female. The Illusion of Sex works by manipulating the luminance contrast between the eyes and lips and the rest of the face. It has been shown that manipulating it affects the attractiveness of male and female faces differently. In particular, female faces are more attractive with facial contrast increased than decreased, while male faces are more attractive with facial contrast decreased than inc
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48

Snider, David Andrew. Managing the Arts in Rural Areas. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881819262.

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Why do the arts matter so much in rural areas? The arts are needed now more than ever to heal the social fabric, grow the population, drive the local economy and, in some cases, replace lost industries. Post-pandemic, a significant portion of the population hungers for hands-on, in-person arts experiences at a human scale. At the same time, rural areas are ripe with innovation, community connections, and an entrepreneurial spirit that fits well with creativity and arts-based community engagement. As rural areas continue to evolve past their previous ties to agriculture, industry, and mining, t
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49

Widen, Sherri C. The Development of Emotion Recognition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0016.

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At all ages, children interpret and respond to the emotions of others. Traditionally, it has been assumed that children’s emotion knowledge was based on an early understanding of facial expressions in terms of specific, discrete emotions. More recent evidence suggests that this assumption is incorrect. As described by the broad-to-differentiated hypothesis, children’s initial emotion concepts are broad and valence based. Gradually, children differentiate within these initial concepts by linking the different components of an emotion together (e.g., the cause to the consequence, etc.) until the
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50

Doyle, Cameron M., and Kristen A. Lindquist. Language and Emotion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190613501.003.0022.

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Growing evidence suggests that emotion perception is psychologically constructed when processes in the mind of the perceiver, such as emotion concept knowledge, impact how visual sensations are made meaningful as instances of different emotions. In this chapter, we propose three key psychological constructionist hypotheses about facial emotion perception: (1) facial muscle movements do not automatically communicate emotion, (2) conceptual knowledge that is supported by language is used to make meaning of facial muscle movements and construct perceptions of emotion, and (3) language enables per
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