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Journal articles on the topic 'Fixed Time Work Agreement'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Ana, Riana S.H. M.H. "Legal Protection Performed by Disnakertrans Diy at Outsourcing Company Pt. Media Sleman." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 06, no. 12 (2023): 7747–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10426780.

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Work agreements in positive law are regulated in Law no. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower and Decree of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. 100/MEN/IV/2004. Work agreements are divided into 2 (two) types, namely Work Agreements for an Unspecified Time (PKWTT) and Agreements for a Specific Time (PKWT). In this case, the author conducted research on legal protection carried out by the DIY Oversight Office of Manpower and Transmigration for Workers in the outsourcing company PT MEDIA, Sleman Regency. Outsourcing company PT MEDIA Sleman Regency in practice uses PKWTT and PKWT, but what i

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2

Putri, Shanty Hermalia, Muhammad Hafizh Adil Lbs, and Ulfa Safira Soliha. "Legal Protection of Workers in Time Work Agreements in Indonesia." AMK : Abdi Masyarakat UIKA 2, no. 4 (2023): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/amk.v2i4.2090.

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Currently, there have been violations in the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) system. The Fixed Term Work Agreement (PKWT) that was implemented was not in accordance with or did not even refer to the PKWT rules regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment. There are still many companies that implement PKWT that do not comply with the provisions stipulated in work agreements and the Employment Law, so they require legal certainty and provide protection for all parties. The discussion in this research is: 1. How certain time work agreements are regulated in I

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3

Erlina, Yoshi, Yuhelson Yuhelson, and Suppaphorn Akkapin. "Juridical Implications and Welfaee In Fixed-Time Work Agreements." Journal Evidence Of Law 4, no. 1 (2025): 135–38. https://doi.org/10.59066/jel.v4i1.1059.

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This study examines the juridical implications of the Fixed-Time Work Agreement (PKWT) on the welfare of workers in Indonesia. The regulations regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower show that there is an imbalance in legal protection between PKWT workers and workers with Indefinite Time Work Agreements (PKWTT). In many cases, PKWT causes job uncertainty, low sense of security, and lack of access to basic workers' rights. This study uses a normative approach with a qualitative analysis of regulations and their implementation. The main findings show that the implementation of PKW

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Shalihah, Fithriatus, Megawati Megawati, Suryadi Suryadi, Siti Zuliyah, and Fauzan Muhammadi. "Fixed-Time Employment Agreement Based on Legal Awareness to Realize Harmonious Employment Relationship." Substantive Justice International Journal of Law 5, no. 2 (2022): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.56087/substantivejustice.v5i2.184.

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The arrangement of fixed-time employment agreements stipulated in the laws and regulations of the Republic of Indonesia is considered ineffective. One of the primary reasons is that some existing provisions are deemed inappropriate for labor-market needs. Several articles concerning work agreements have been removed from the Job Creation Law, but implementation issues remain. Both are concerned with the fulfillment of workers' rights and the types of work that are permissible for workers with specific worker statuses at specific times. This research uses a normative juridical method with a sta

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Sudradjat, Mohamad Adya Laksmana, and Faisal Santiago. "Legal Protection for Persons with Disabilities in Specific Time Working Agreements." Journal of Social Research 2, no. 9 (2023): 3000–3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i9.1359.

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Law Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities, explains that persons with disabilities are any person who experiences physical, intellectual, mental, and/or sensory limitations in interacting with the environment and other citizens experiencing obstacles and difficulties to participate fully and effectively. In the employment relationship between the company and the workforce, in this case, the problem solver is a promise of work. The work agreement is the basis for the formation of a working relationship. An employment agreement is valid if it fulfills the legal requirements of th

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6

Manalu, Evanto Pandora, and Siti Hajati Hoesin. "Change in The Status of A Certain Time Work Agreement to An Indefinite Time Work Agreement after Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation Takes Effect." Devotion Journal of Community Service 4, no. 4 (2023): 977–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/devotion.v4i4.454.

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The enactment of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation removes the derivative regulatory provisions of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation related to the Employment cluster. The change in status of a Fixed Time Work Agreement (PKWT) to an Unspecified Time Work Agreement (PKWTT) is regulated by Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower which generally regulates violations of work agreements in writing and in Indonesian language as a minimum and extension of work agreements, the period of the work agreement can change the status of PKWT to PKWTT.

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Halim, Cecilia Puspa, and Andari Yurikosari. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI TENAGA KERJA ASING TERHADAP PELANGGARAN PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN HUBUNGAN INDUSTRIAL NOMOR: 274/PDT.SUS-PHI/2015.PN.JKT.PST JO PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR: 697 K/PDT.SUS-PHI/2016)." Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1, no. 1 (2018): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/adigama.v1i1.2207.

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Law Number 13 of 2013 on Manpower has clearly regulate about work relationship between a foreign labor and Employers of Foreign Labor is only for fixed time employment relations which is based on a Fixed Term of Labor Contract. Article 57 of the Manpower Law stated that a Fixed Term of Labor Contract must be made in writing and must be written in the Indonesian language with Latin alphabets, if not, the agreement shall be reg arde d as a Working Agreement Uncertain Time. A Fixed Term of Labor Contract shall be made based on specified time stated in the work agreement. The author was purposed t

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8

Budiyana, Putu Eka, I. Ketut Sukadana, and Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti. "Implications of Storing Original Diplomas on The Security of Employee Documents in A Fixed – Time Work Agreement." Advances In Social Humanities Research 2, no. 9 (2024): 1120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/adv.v2i9.286.

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The company maintains original diplomas to prevent employees from leaving their jobs before completing their employment contracts and to build employee loyalty. The formulation of the research problem is, 1. What is the validity of keeping original diplomas by the company for employees in a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT)? 2. What are the implications of storing original diplomas for the security of employee documents in a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT)? The research method used is the normative legal research method. The research results show that storing original diplomas is said to

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9

Fauzobihi, Fauzobihi, Bonaventura Lamet, and M. Syaifullah. "The Impact of Implementing a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) on the Performance of Contract Employees at PT Yachiyo Trimitra Indonesia." JISIP (Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan) 8, no. 2 (2024): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jisip.v8i2.6579.

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In Indonesia, matters related to how work is carried out always begin with an agreement between the employer and the recipient of the work through a written or verbal work agreement. An employment agreement is made to determine the boundaries between what are the rights and obligations of the employee and what are the rights and obligations of the employer (employer). Meanwhile, if in carrying out work that has been mutually agreed upon in a written agreement, one of the parties violates or behaves outside of what has been agreed upon and harms one of the parties or violates the provisions of

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10

Anastasia, Ida Ayu Putu Widiati, and A. A. Sagung Laksmi Dewi. "Perlindungan Hukum bagi Awak Kabin dalam Perjanjian Waktu Tertentu (PKWT) PT Garuda Indonesia." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 2, no. 1 (2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.1.2794.33-38.

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The existence of cabin crew is very much needed in a flight to serve airplane passengers, including Garuda Indonesia as one of the state-owned airlines that tries to provide flight safety in the field of air transportation. This study aims to determine the implementation of the Specific Time Work Agreement on the cabin crew of Garuda Indonesia homebase Denpasar and to find out the legal protection for flight attendants in the Fixed Time Work Agreement on the cabin crew of Garuda Indonesia homebase Denpasar. This type of research is empirical research. Empirical research is carried out on the r

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11

Goodfellow, John. "Fixed Price Bidding of Distribution Line Clearance Work: Another Look." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 11, no. 4 (1985): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1985.025.

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Awarding distribution system line clearance tree trimming under the terms of a contractual agreement establishing a fixed price for the completion of an entire work project has proven to be a cost-effective alternative to traditional use of time and material basis contract tree crews. Successful utilization starts with establishing clear definition of project work requirements in the form of detailed specifications. Changes in the role of the contract administrator and contractor supervisor are necessary. An understanding of potential benefits and cost will increase the likelihood of success i

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Winarsi, Sri, Xavier Nugraha, Gio Arjuna, and Dita Elvia Kusuma Putri. "Formulation of Arrangements for Not Achieving Work Targets of Workers/Laborers as a Reason for Termination of Work Relationships." Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan 19, no. 3 (2024): 350–67. https://doi.org/10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.354.

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Article 154A of Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and Article 36 of Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 on Fixed-term Employment Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment have regulated the reasons for termination of employment in a limitation and enumerative. However, there is a legal vacuum regarding the non-fulfillment of targets by workers or laborers as a reason for termination of employment, even though employers often use this reason. Based on these legal issues, the problem formulation in this article is first, how is

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13

Ilela, Yudith, Adonia Ivonne Laturette, and Sarah Selfina Kuahaty. "Penerapan Sistem Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif Indonesia." PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review 4, no. 2 (2024): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/pamali.v4i2.2144.

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Introduction: Indonesia, as a country under the rule of law, upholds the principle of equality before the law. This principle is also applied in the freedom to contract, which requires a valid agreement to meet four conditions: agreement, competency, specific object, and lawful cause. The Fixed-Term Employment Agreement is a form of employment relationship between employers and workers that suffers from shortcomings in its implementation. Many employers do not understand the rules, leading to deviations in practice.Purposes of the Research: The aim of this research is to examine and analyze th

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Narendra Buwana, Sudibyo Aji, Dahri Haji Dahlan, Hardi Fardiansyah, and Nanda Dwi Rizkia. "DISPARITAS HAK-HAK PROFESI SECURITY YANG TERIKAT PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU." Juris 7, no. 2 (2023): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56301/juris.v7i2.956.

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Workers' rights are one of the human rights. The type of research used by researchers in this study is empirical-juridical. The research approach used is empirical. Data collection techniques using in-depth interviews and observation All primary and secondary data in this study were collected and analyzed qualitatively. The results of his research show that there is a disparity in the rights of women workers. The conclusion is that the disparity in the rights of the security profession that is bound by fixed time work agreement that has been fulfilled at PT Jaguar Inti Perkasa is the provision

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Ria Sintha Devi. "Pengaturan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT) Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 Tentang Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, Alih Daya, Waktu Kerja dan Waktu Istirahat, dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja." As-Syar i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga 6, no. 4 (2024): 1208–19. https://doi.org/10.47467/as.v6i4.6307.

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This research discusses how to implement fixed-term work agreements (PKWT) based on Government Regulation (PP) Number 35 of 2021 concerning Fixed-Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment Relations. This type of research is normative law and the nature of this research is descriptive analysis. The data collection technique was carried out by means of library research, the data used is secondary data obtained from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Research results This method uses qualitative analy

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16

Lauwers, Gracienne. "The Lack of Legal Protection of Union Rights on Termination of Fixed Term Academics at Public Universities in the Flemish Community of Belgium. Admissibility Issues of an Application Based on the Framework Agreement on Fixed-term Work at Public Universities in the Assessment by the Supreme Administrative Court of Belgium." Białostockie Studia Prawnicze 25, no. 4 (2020): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/bsp.2020.25.04.15.

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Abstract The question of sufficient protection of academics employed with successive fixed-term employment contracts or relationships in the university sector had been raised in several procedures before the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereaft er: CJEU)2. These cases deal with the substantive basis of the claims of the academics. Admissibility of their claims was not an issue. Unlike the research dealing with the substantive basis of the claims of academics based on the Framework agreement on fixed-term work, this article deals with a ruling on the admissibility of the plea based o

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Farida Mukhlisah and Wiratno. "TINJAUAN YURIDIS IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG CIPTA KERJA DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJA (STUDI PENELITIAN PT AGRICON PUTRA CITRA OPTIMA)." Reformasi Hukum Trisakti 5, no. 4 (2023): 1516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/refor.v5i4.18697.

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Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation changes several provisions regarding employment which were previously regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment (“UU Ketenagakerjaan”). The problems in this research include: 1) What are the work agreement procedures made between PT Agricon Putra Citra Optima and workers who work at the company? 2) Is the agreement at PT Agricon Putra Citra Optima in accordance with Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation? The research method used is normative juridical research with legal material collection techniques using literature studies

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Hamsar Suci Amalia and Marwah Masruroh. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEKERJA DENGAN PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU BERDASAR UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN." JURNAL ILMIAH RESEARCH STUDENT 1, no. 2 (2024): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.61722/jirs.v1i2.1039.

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Legal protection for employees is regulated by the Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Labor. The legal protection obtained by a worker relates to the fulfilment of the rights agreed between the employees and the employer, which are laid down in the employment contract, among others; wages or remuneration or salary; time, rest, and leave of work; safety, health and well-being at work; mechanisms of termination of employment relations; and etc. An employment contract is a prerequisite for the establishment of an employment relationship and for the fulfilment of the rights of the worker. An employment

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19

Lutsenko, O. Ye. "Comparative study of the recognition of the invalidity of an employment agreement and its terms in Vietnam and Canada." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (March 1, 2025): 322–27. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2025.01.51.

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The author has found that employment agreements and their terms in Vietnam and Canada can be declared invalid both in whole and in part. Thus, an employment agreement is completely invalid in one of the following cases: (1) the entire content of the employment agreement violates the law, i.e. all provisions of the employment agreement do not comply with the legislation; (2) the person concluding the employment agreement is incompetent or violates the principles of concluding an employment agreement; (3) the work specified in the employment agreement is work prohibited by law; (4) the terms of

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20

P, Abraham Pierre Wenang, Al Arif Nur Siregar, Cindy Patricia Galag, Grace Grace, and Hasoloan Sinaga. "Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) After the Constitutional Court Ruling No. 168/PUU.XXI/2023, Is It Still Relevant?" Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains 6, no. 1 (2025): 58–65. https://doi.org/10.59141/jiss.v6i1.1584.

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The Constitutional Court (MK) decision number 168/PUU-XX1/2023 has a major impact on the world of employment and the business world where the Indonesian economy is facing pressure and slowdown due to global economic challenges. Even during the last few months in mid-2024, there has been a deflationary trend that shows a decline in people's purchasing power, which has a major impact on domestic consumption. This condition directly affects various business sectors, especially labor-intensive industries that have a great dependence on national economic stability. Moreover, there are still industr

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Neriza Herdina Shela Wardani and Nur Cahyadi. "PENGARUH PERJANJIAN KERJA WAKTU TERTENTU (PKWT) TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI KOMPENSASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PT XYZ." MANAJEMEN DEWANTARA 8, no. 3 (2024): 309–21. https://doi.org/10.30738/md.v8i3.18718.

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This research uses compensation as a mediating variable to find out how a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) affects worker performance. Likert scales and quantitative descriptive techniques were used to collect data for research at PT XYZ. There were 110 PKWT employees selected for this research using a purposive sampling technique. The research findings indicate that the Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT) significantly affects compensation, demonstrating a notably high influence value of 0. 872. This evidence underscores that a transparent and equitable implementation of PKWT can enhance e

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Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi, Ida Ayu Ketut Artami, and Baby Rachella. "TINJAUAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK CUTI HAID DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN." VYAVAHARA DUTA 16, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/vd.v16i1.2068.

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<p><em>Regulations regarding the right to menstrual leave for female workers in Indonesia are regulated in Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower. This law is the basis for the making of work agreements by every company in Indonesia, both a Fixed Time Work Agreement and an Indefinite Time Work Agreement. The work agreement is the basic principle of the relationship between workers and the company in relation to the type of work, wages, position and termination of employment. Legal protection for female workers in relation to the right to menstrual leave is implemented in article 81

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23

WEI, GENGSHENG. "A FIXED-MESH METHOD FOR GENERAL MOVING OBJECTS IN FLUID FLOW." Modern Physics Letters B 19, no. 28n29 (2005): 1719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798490501030x.

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In this work, a fixed-mesh method for general moving objects in fluid flow was developed and implemented into the commercial CFD software FLOW-3D . A general moving object is a rigid body with any type of six-degrees-of-freedom, fixed-point and fixed-axis motion which can be either user-prescribed or dynamically coupled with fluid flow. The method allows multiple general moving objects, and each of them can possess any different type of motion. Area and volume fractions to represent the objects in the fixed-grid are calculated at every time step to describe time-variation of object locations a

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Bunadi, Bunadi, and Marjan Miharja. "JURIDICAL REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PARTICULAR TIME AGREEMENT BASED ON LAW NUMBER 13 OF 2003 CONCERNING MANPOWER." IBLAM LAW REVIEW 1, no. 01 (2021): 204–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v1i01.10.

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Industrial relations disputes are common in many companies. The dismissal process is often not in accordance with the provisions of labor regulations, one of which is regarding the dismissal of PKWT / contract workers. The formulation of the problems that the author discusses in this thesis are (1) What is the role of trade unions in fighting for dismissal disputes with PKWT / Contract workers? (2) Is the Application of a Fixed Time Work Agreement (PKWT) in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 13 Year 2003 concerning Manpower? The research method used in this research is juridical norm

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25

Hasea, Herlambang. "Legal Protection Against Social Security for Volunteers in the Currency of Costs in the Time of Covid-19 In Indonesia." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 4 (2021): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i4.2556.

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When talking further about Funeral Officers in the Covid-19 era, many victims have died around the world, even in Indonesia, they have been buried by funeral officers either voluntarily or from the hospital. Funeral Officers during the Covid-19 period were an instrumental part of the formation of laws and regulations in practice, this is especially in regulating the Manpower Act, namely the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower (Law No.13-2003) and including in the Indefinite Time Work Agreement and Fixed Time Work Agreement. There has been no legal regulation

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Bunadi, Bunadi, and Marjan miharja. "JURIDICAL REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A PARTICULAR TIME AGREEMENT BASED ON LAW NUMBER 13 OF 2003 CONCERNING MANPOWER." IBLAM LAW REVIEW 1, no. 1 (2021): 173–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v1i1.18.

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Industrial relations disputes are common in many companies. The dismissal process is often not in accordance with the provisions of labor regulations, one of which is regarding the dismissal of PKWT / contract workers. The formulation of the problems that the author discusses in this thesis are (1) What is the role of trade unions in fighting for dismissal disputes with PKWT / Contract workers? (2) Is the Application of a Fixed Time Work Agreement (PKWT) in accordance with the provisions of Law Number 13 Year 2003 concerning Manpower? The research method used in this research is juridica

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Solahudin, Ade. "NORMATIVE STUDY OF COMPENSATION FOR FIXED-TIME WORK AGREEMENTS (PKWT) BASED ON THE JOB CREATION LAW." Jurnal Abdisci 3, no. 2 (2025): 201–12. https://doi.org/10.62885/abdisci.v3i2.730.

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Abstract Background. The dynamics of labor regulation reform need to be analyzed for the benefit of the community in general and workers/laborers in particular. Aims. Since the implementation of Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 concerning Fixed-Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time, Employment Relations and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment, there have been deletions, updates, and additions to articles related to labor law. Methods. In this study, normative juridical research is applied, which emphasizes the analysis of legal

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Salma Mayriska Putri and Sulastri Sulastri. "Provision of Compensation for Breach of Contract in Fixed-Term Work Agreements (PKWT), A Case Study of Marvel Studios Exhibition Indonesia." Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities 4, no. 5 (2024): 1265–74. https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v4i5.481.

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The purpose of this study is as an analysis related to how the Fixed-Tern Work Agreement (PKWT) owned by PT Tiga Karya Makmur (PT TKM) accommodates the rights of Marvel Studios Exhibition Indonesia (MSEI) employees in accordance with applicable labor regulations. In addition, analyzing the implementation of regulations for the fulfillment of compensation for breach of contract committed by PT TKM. The research method uses a type of juridical-empirical research that combines a case approach and a statue approach. Research data was collected through interviews with resource persons / parties, na

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Sládek, Pavel, and Tomáš Sigmund. "Legal Issues of Teleworking." SHS Web of Conferences 90 (2021): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219001020.

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Teleworking is a specific type of work where the employee works outside their usual place of work. A characteristic of this activity is the reduction of the need to commute to their employer's workplace and the performance of work during fixed working hours. The following prerequisites are important for real telework: a computer. The worker is in a different place than the employer or the customer. Communication takes place at a distance via telecommunication networks. Instead of a fixed time regime, teleworking allows the employee to individually optimize the performance of their work accordi

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Paquet, Victor, Laura Punnett, and Bryan Buchholz. "A Validity Study of Fixed-Interval Observations for the Assessment of Body Postures during Construction Work." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 12 (1998): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201223.

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Categories of body posture recorded with two observational methods were compared to measurements obtained with an electronic postural assessment system and video analysis during simulated construction tasks. The electronic postural assessment system consisted of electronic inclinometers to measure upper arm posture, knee flexion and trunk flexion, coveralls to house the inclinometer wiring, and an electro-goniometric system to measure trunk lateral bending and torsion. Video analysis included frozen-frame analysis that corresponded to the moment of observation and simulated real-time analysis.

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Pohan, Muhammad Regen. "Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pekerja dalam Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu: Menurut Hukum Ketenagakerjaan." MLJ Merdeka Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/mlj.v2i1.5493.

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The government has begun to carry out reforms in all fields, including labor law. There has been a violation in the application of the Fixed Time Work Agreement (PKWT) system. The specified time working agreement (PKWT) which is implemented does not comply with or does not even refer to the PKWT rules stipulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower. This research is normative legal research, namely a research method using finding the truth based on the law seen as a practice. In this study, primary data were used. The approach method used is an empirical juridical approach. The type of

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Thomas, Olga. "MANGOLD v HELM (CASE C-144/04) GRAND CHAMBER, EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 22 NOVEMBER 2006." Denning Law Journal 18, no. 1 (2012): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v18i1.317.

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Yet Another Way Round Horizontal Direct Effect…In June 2003 Werner Mangold, who was 56 years old, concluded a fixed-term contract of employment with Rüdiger Helm. The contract provided that its duration was based on para 14(3) of the TzBfG (German Law on Part-Time and Fixed-Term Employment) which was intended to facilitate the fixed-term employment of older workers (those over the age of 52). A few weeks into his employment, Mangold brought proceedings against Helm before the Arbeitsgericht München (Munich Labour Court) claiming that the clause fixing the duration of his employment was void in

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Rosalind, Monica, and Gunardi Lie. "Case Study Of Layoffs Of Pt Masterindo Jaya Abadi Vs 1142 Employees." Journal of Law and Regulation Governance 1, no. 2 (2023): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.57185/jlarg.v1i2.12.

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This research was conducted to increase the knowledge of university officials, the academic community, and readers by providing information about settlement procedures in the event of a dispute in industrial relations. The research method used in this study is juridical normative based on secondary data in the form of applicable laws and regulations and jurisprudence. Industrial relations is a system of relations formed between actors in the production process of goods and/or services consisting of elements of entrepreneurs, workers/laborers, and the government based on the value of Pancasila

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Pangaribuan, Rospita, Soerya Respationo, and Darwis Anatami. "Juridical Analysis of Certain Time Work Agreements to Realize Legal Protection Measures for Workers (Research Study at PT. Delta Bridge Foods in Batam City)." International Journal of Sustainability in Research 2, no. 1 (2024): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.59890/ijsr.v2i1.776.

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Based on Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations instead of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law, in Chapter IV Employment Part Two Article 56 which states as follows: paragraph (1) Work agreements are made for a certain time or for an indefinite time. The problem in this research is how the legal arrangements regarding fixed-term work agreements are to realize legal protection efforts for workers (Research study at PT. This research aims to find out the legal regulations regarding fixed-term work agreements, to re

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Pangaribuan, Rospita, Soerya Respationo, and Darwis Anatami. "Juridical Analysis of Certain Time Work Agreements to Realize Legal Protection Measures for Workers (Research Study at PT. Delta Bridge Foods in Batam City)." Juridical Analysis of Certain Time Work Agreements to Realize Legal Protection Measures for Workers (Research Study at PT. Delta Bridge Foods in Batam City) 1, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): January 2024 (2024): 14. https://doi.org/10.59890/ijsr.v2i1.776.

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Based on Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations instead of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law, in Chapter IV Employment Part Two Article 56 which states as follows: paragraph (1) Work agreements are made for a certain time or for an indefinite time. The problem in this research is how the legal arrangements regarding fixed-term work agreements are to realize legal protection efforts for workers (Research study at PT. This research aims to find out the legal regulations regarding fixed-term work agreements, to re

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Wu, Yan, Zai Fang Deng, Yang Tao, and Xue Gang Luo. "Fixed-Bed Column Study for the Removal of Ag(I)and Cr(III) from Aqueous Solutions Using Puffed Rice Husk." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1620.

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Fixed-bed column studies for the removal of Ag(Ⅰ) and Cr(Ⅲ) from individual aqueous solutions using puffed rice husk were investigated in this work. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of important column parameters such as bed height, feed flow rate and feed initial concentration of solution. It was found that increasing bed depth yielded longer service time while increase in influent concentration and flow rate resulted in faster breakthrough. Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model was applied to analyze the experimental data and the model parameters were evaluated. Good agreemen

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Zhang, Huai, and Hongjuan Zhang. "Determining average trapping time of delayed random walks on Apollonian network." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 20 (2019): 1950231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919502312.

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Designing appropriate technology to effectively control the trapping process in complex systems and achieve the desired trapping efficiency is central in the study of trapping problem in complex systems. In this paper, we study delayed random walks on Apollonian network with a trap fixed at a given initial hub node. In more detail, a stochastic parameter p was introduced in the approach to alter the transition probability of random walks. We further derive analytically the average trapping time (ATT) as the measure of trapping efficiency with the obtained analytical expression being in good ag

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Yusuf, Ramadhani S. Mohamad, and Kholis Roisah. "Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Terhadap Pembuatan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu (PKWT)." Notarius 15, no. 1 (2022): 542–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nts.v15i1.46061.

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The practice of working agreements for a specified period in Indonesia still faces many problems and obstacles in the field. This raises the question of whether the implementation of PKWT is in accordance with statutory regulations or vice versa. The purpose of writing this journal is to determine the implementation of the work agreement for a certain period of time made by the employer whether it is in accordance with statutory regulations or not. This research uses empirical normative research method. The results of this study, the researcher found that the practice of fixed-time working agr

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Chusmayanti, Amalia Destyna, Khayatudin Khayatudin, and Siciliya Mardian Yoel. "Fixed-Term Employee Layoffs: A Repercussion of the Company's Sustained Financial Losses." Estudiante Law Journal 7, no. 1 (2025): 74–85. https://doi.org/10.33756/eslaj.v7i1.16571.

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Progress in a company, entrepreneurs need workers to be able to help the company operate and make a profit . In reality, sometimes problems and financial crises are also experienced by companies. Suppose the company experiences continuous losses and is unable to pay the wages of all employees so that the company takes steps to reduce the number of its employees. The existence of a Fixed-Term Employment Agreement (PKWT) where the general term is contract workers, is considered very profitable. The Manpower Law Number 13 of 2003 and the Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020 have regulated the workf

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Ghani, Suadad Noori, Raghad Azeez Neamah, Ali Talib Abdalzahra, Luay S. Al-Ansari, and Husam Jawad Abdulsamad. "Analytical and numerical investigation of free vibration for stepped beam with different materials." Open Engineering 12, no. 1 (2022): 184–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0031.

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Abstract This work describes the application of classical Rayleigh method (CRM), modified Rayleigh method (MRM), and ANSYS finite element method (FEM) to calculate the natural frequency of non-homogenous cantilever beam. Two-step cantilever stepped beam was investigated through six studied cases. Each step has different material properties and the same cross section area. Results showed that the combination of materials is useful in order to increase the natural frequencies and reduce the weight of the beam at the same time when the cantilever beam is fixed by the side of the stronger material

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Boong, Vicariya Retnowati, and Rena Zefania Ritonga. "ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN PEKERJA KONTRAK OUTSOURCING TERHADAP HAK-HAK PEKERJA YANG TERCANTUM DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 13 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG KETENAGAKERJAAN DI WILAYAH KOTA SURABAYA." Jurnal Panorama Hukum 3, no. 2 (2018): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jph.v3i2.2749.

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The appearance of outsourcing companies shows that the high needs of companies and factories that exist for the use of labor in Indonesia. Security and cleaning service is a type of work that much needed in business world. The legal relationship between a company and an outsourced worker is fixed by a certain time work agreement (PKWT) which is regulated in Law No. 13/2003. The position of the outsourced contract workers is due to this kind of work is a complementary and the contract is only within a certain period. The outsourced contract workers have fundamental rights as stipulated in Law 1

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Bogdanov, B. S., and A. А. Shumkov. "Influence of Welsh Inversion and Agreement on English Syntax." Discourse 10, no. 1 (2024): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2024-10-1-163-176.

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Introduction. Ordering the space and time elements in Welsh independent clause, when the subject is formed from a noun, is accompanied by a rather specific agreement of these elements in number. In the grammars of Welsh one can find various classifications of noninverse and inverse sentences and, mostly, practical notions concerning the peculiarities of the agreement of the main parts. Theoretical explanations are meanwhile quite poor. Because it can be proposed, that the peculiarities of sentence organization in Welsh could influence the syntax of English – the language of international commu

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Spitters, Jasper, Jonathan C. Gonçalves, Rui P. V. Faria, and Alírio E. Rodrigues. "Optimization of the Production of 1,1-Diethoxybutane by Simulated Moving Bed Reactor." Processes 9, no. 2 (2021): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020189.

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Simulated moving bed technology is applied in the field of pharmaceutical, petrochemical and fine chemistry. It shows capability in separating multicomponent mixtures up to high purities. In this work, an attempt was made to optimize the production of 1,1-diethoxybutane (DEB), using the simulated moving bed technology. A fixed bed model is made with good agreement with experimental results. This fixed bed model was expanded to a simulated moving bed model. This model was used to determine the optimum conditions regarding the switching time and flowrates in each section. From this model, the op

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Tagliavini, Giorgia, Majid H. Khan, Mark McCorquodale, Chris Westbrook, and Markus Holzner. "Wake characteristics of complex-shaped snow particles: Comparison of numerical simulations with fixed snowflakes to time-resolved particle tracking velocimetry experiments with free-falling analogs." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 5 (2022): 055112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089759.

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Experimental and numerical approaches have their own advantages and limitations, in particular, when dealing with complex phenomena such as snow particles falling at moderate Reynolds numbers ( Re). Time-resolved, three-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry (4D-PTV) experiments of free-falling, three-dimensional (3D)-printed snowflakes' analogs shed light on the elaborate falling dynamics of irregular snow particles but present a lower resolution (tracer seeding density) and a limited field of view (domain size) to fully capture the wake flow. Delayed-detached eddy simulations of fixed sno

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Ekel Tuahta Ginting, Haposan Siallagan, and Besty Habeahan. "Analysis of Legal Protection for Employees Who Do Not Have a Fixed-Term Employment Contract (Decision Number 687 K/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2016)." Journal of Legal and Cultural Analytics 4, no. 1 (2025): 377–90. https://doi.org/10.55927/jlca.v4i1.13692.

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According to Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower, fixed-term employment agreements (PKWT) are not applicable in employment relationships. Employers have ignored the highest time limit allowed by Law Number 13 of 2013 on Manpower regarding the working period of fixed-term contracts. In addition, they still have not fulfilled the rights of time workers such as wages, working hours, and labor social security. This violates the human rights of workers, who as Indonesian citizens are protected by the Indonesian Labor Law. One of the obstacles in the implementation of PKWT according to Law No. 13/2003 li

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Cao, Jing, Zuowei Wang, and Alexei Likhtman. "Determining Tube Theory Parameters by Slip-Spring Model Simulations of Entangled Star Polymers in Fixed Networks." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030496.

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Dynamical properties of branched polymer melts are determined by the polymer molecular weights and architectures containing junction points. Relaxation of entangled symmetric star polymers proceeds via arm-retraction and constraint release (CR). In this work, we investigate arm-retraction dynamics in the framework of a single-chain slip-spring model without CR effect where entanglements are treated as binary contacts, conveniently modeled as virtual “slip-links”, each involving two neighboring strands. The model systems are analogous to isolated star polymers confined in a permanent network or

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Kartika, Andri, Ade Maman Suherman, and Tri Setiady. "Pelindungan Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Atas Jaminan Keberlangsungan Bekerja terhadap Pekerja dengan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu pada Perusahaan Alih Daya Ditinjau dari Teori Keadilan." Wajah Hukum 9, no. 1 (2025): 327. https://doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v9i1.1723.

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Regulations governing worker rights safeguarding are enacted via Outsourcing as specified in Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021, a response to the worldwide economic climate. Outsourcing serves as a strategy by the government to tackle global economic challenges, enabling business owners to preserve the viability and continuity of their enterprises during the economic downturns experienced both within Indonesia and globally as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. In practice, the implementation of internship programs often experiences various problems. Among them, Interns are often position

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Massa-Wirth, Heiko, and Hartmut Seifert. "German pacts for employment and competitiveness Concessionary bargaining as a reaction to globalisation and European integration?" Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 11, no. 1 (2005): 026–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890501100105.

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This contribution deals with company-level pacts for employment and competitiveness (PECs) under the German collective bargaining system. Due to the introduction of collectively agreed opening clauses and the associated decentralisation of the collective bargaining system, the social partners at the company level now have greater opportunities to negotiate company-specific adjustments in the areas of compensation and working conditions. Currently, in return for – generally fixed-term – employer guarantees concerning location and job preservation, PECs have been negotiated in about one in four

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Ren, Lei, Lifeng Zhang, and Qiangqiang Wang. "Measurements of surface velocity and level fluctuation in an actual continuous wide slab casting mold." Metallurgical Research & Technology 115, no. 1 (2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2017074.

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In the current work, a kind of nailboard made of three rows of nails was designed to simultaneously measure the surface velocities and level fluctuations of the loose side, the center plane and the fixed side in an actual continuous wide slab casting mold. Seven nailboard dipping experiments were conducted to obtain both the transient and time-averaged behaviors near the meniscus. The distribution of disturbed oscillation marks (OMs) on the surface of corresponding slabs (in common with nailboard experiments strand) was systematically studied. In order to investigate the relationship between d

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Nanda Reyriski, Nurul Tahlida Lubis, Seftiana Br Sembiring, et al. "Hak-Hak Pekerja Kontrak dalam Perspektif Hukum Ketenagakerjaan di Tinjau dalam UU No. 13 Tahun 2003." Deposisi: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 4 (2024): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.59581/deposisi.v2i4.4217.

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Contract workers are workers who are contracted within a certain time, it could be two years, three years or more. In general, workers have a work contract with the company where they work, there are many workers in Indonesia who experience violations of legal protection of labor rights and obligations, and what are the rights and obligations of labor which is the basis of this research. The purpose to be achieved in this paper is to find out what are the rights of labor contracts to workers who often have no knowledge of what is about labor contracts. This article discusses the rights of cont

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