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Journal articles on the topic 'Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide (FTO)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mohd Napi, Muhammad Luqman, Ng Kim Seng, and Mohd Khairul Ahmad. "Surface Morphology and Electrical Properties of FTO (Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide) with Different Precursor Solution for Transparent Conducting Oxide." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.682.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin film was prepared by using two different precursor solutions which are tin (ii) chloride dihydrate and tin (iv) chloride pentahydrate. These two precursors are used in spray pyrolysis process to prepare the fluorine doped tin oxide thin film. Surface Morphology of the thin film was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). FESEM image shows the particle distribution and the morphology of fluorine doped tin oxide thin film. Two point probe I-V measurement and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the electrical and optical pro

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2

Kendall, Owen, Pierce Wainer, Steven Barrow, Joel van Embden, and Enrico Della Gaspera. "Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Colloidal Nanocrystals." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (2020): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050863.

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Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) is one of the most studied and established materials for transparent electrode applications. However, the syntheses for FTO nanocrystals are currently very limited, especially for stable and well-dispersed colloids. Here, we present the synthesis and detailed characterization of FTO nanocrystals using a colloidal heat-up reaction. High-quality SnO2 quantum dots are synthesized with a tuneable fluorine amount up to ~10% atomic, and their structural, morphological and optical properties are fully characterized. These colloids show composition-dependent optical prop

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3

Ren, Yang, Gao Yang Zhao, and Jie Shen. "Preparation of Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Film by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis." Materials Science Forum 695 (July 2011): 594–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.695.594.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) film is one of the most promising transparent conducting materials. It can be used for Low-E glasses, thin film solar cells, displays, etc. FTO film can be fabricated by various techniques. The technique of sol-gel combined with ultrasonic spray pyrolysis gives the possibility to produce high-quality large-scale FTO films. In this paper, the FTO sol is successfully prepared using pentahydrate stannic chloride (SnCl4•5H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF) and methanol. Using the FTO sol, FTO films are prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD

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4

An, Ha Rim, and Hyo Jin Ahn. "Characterization of Morphology Controlled Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films." Advanced Materials Research 922 (May 2014): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.922.23.

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We controlled morphologies of F-doped SnO2(FTO) thin films via an electrochemical method. To obtain rough and porous surface of the FTO thin films, a potentiostat/galvanostat was used. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to demonstrate the morphological changes of FTO surface. The electrical and optical properties of the FTO thin films were analyzed using Hall effect measurement system and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Also, morphology controlled the FTO thin films would be applied to dye-sensitized solar cells.

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5

Han, Long, Li Tang, Dongmei Deng, Haibo He, Mi Zhou, and Liqiang Luo. "A novel hydrogen peroxide sensor based on electrodeposited copper/cuprous oxide nanocomposites." Analyst 144, no. 2 (2019): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8an01876f.

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6

Macedo, A. G., C. E. Cava, C. D. Canestraro, L. Contini, and L. S. Roman. "Morphology Dependence on Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Film Thickness Studied with Atomic Force Microscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 11, S03 (2005): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927605051032.

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Tin oxide (TO) or fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) has been frequently used as a transparent electrode in our organic opto-electronic devices [1-3]. In general, these devices are fabricated in a sandwich structure where an organic thin layer (approx. 100nm thick) stays between two conducting electrodes, TO or FTO and Al. Due to higher conductivity FTO is normally our choice. The morphology of the electrodes influences the morphology of the organic layer, mainly when the deposition of the organic layer is done electrochemically.

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7

Tri, Arini, Hanum Lalasari Latifa, Andriyah Lia, et al. "CONTROLLER OF FLUORINEDOPED TIN OXIDE THIN FILMS DEPOSITION VIA CYCLES AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURES BY SPIN COATING TECHNIQUES." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 12 (107) (2020): 57–65. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210818.

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Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films have been deposited by the modified spin coating method at 3000 rpm using tin (II) chloride dehydrate (SnCl<sub>2</sub>×2H<sub>2</sub>O) as a precursor, ammonium fluoride (NH<sub>4</sub>F) as a dopant and ethanol as a solvent. The aim of this research is to find out the quality of the thin film based on the number of cycles (3, 4, 5, and 6 cycles) and annealing temperature (300, 400 and 500 °C). The variation of annealing temperature and number of cycles can affect the crystal structure of the FTO thin film, crystal size and gr

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8

SHAMALA, K. S., L. C. S. MURTHY, and K. NARASIMHA RAO. "EFFECT OF ANTIMONY AND FLUORINE DOPING ON ELECTRICAL, OPTICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF TIN OXIDE FILMS PREPARED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS METHOD." Surface Review and Letters 13, no. 04 (2006): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x06008311.

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Undoped, antimony doped and fluorine doped tin oxide films have been prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The films were deposited on glass substrates at temperatures ranging between 300°C and 370°C by spraying an alcoholic solution of tin tetra chloride ( SnCl 4). Dopants used were antimony tri chloride ( SbCl 3) for antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) films, and ammonium fluoride ( NH 4 F ) for fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) films. Among undoped tin oxide films, the least resistivity was found to be 3.1 × 10-3 Ω-cm for a molar concentration of 0.75 M. In case of antimony doped films minimum res

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9

Sun, Chenglong, Xingyu Zeng, Mingjian Chen, Yun Du, Yueyi Peng, and Qingji Xie. "A biofuel cell of (methyl violet/AuNPs)₂₅/FTO photoanode and bilirubin oxidase/CuCo₂O₄ bio-photocathode inspired by the photoelectrochemistry activities of fluorescent materials/molecules." RSC Advances 15, no. 1 (2025): 665–73. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra08117j.

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A photoelectrochemical enzymatic biofuel cell consisting of a (methyl violet/Au nanoparticles)25/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) photoanode without conventional semiconductor(s) and a bilirubin oxidase/CuCo2O4/FTO bio-photocathode is developed.

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10

Arini, Tri, Latifa Hanum Lalasari, Lia Andriyah, Gennady Fahmi, and F. Firdiyono. "UTILIZATION OF INDONESIAN LOCAL STANNIC CHLORIDE (SnCl4) PRECURSOR IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING FLUORINE- DOPED TIN OXIDE (FTO) CONDUCTIVE GLASS." Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia 20, no. 2 (2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jsmi.2019.20.2.5469.

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UTILIZATION OF INDONESIAN LOCAL STANNIC CHLORIDE (SnCl4) PRECURSOR IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING FLUORINE-DOPED TIN OXIDE (FTO) CONDUCTIVE GLASS. Thin layer of fluorine- doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass has been deposited on a glass substrate heated at a temperature of 350°C using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis nebulizer method with variations in fluorine doping and substrate temperatures. This experiment uses the raw material of Indonesian local stannic chloride (SnCl4) (PT Timah Industri) as a precursor with a temperature variation of 250, 300, 350, 400°C. The structure and morphology of th

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11

Kara, R., L. Mentar, and A. Azizi. "Synthesis and characterization of Mg-doped ZnO thin-films electrochemically grown on FTO substrates for optoelectronic applications." RSC Advances 10, no. 66 (2020): 40467–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06541b.

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Mg-doped ZnO (MZO) thin films were successfully fabricated on fluorine-doped tin-oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates by an electrochemical deposition method using aqueous electrolytes of 80 mM Zn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> with different concentrations of Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.

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12

Karaman, Tamer, Atta ur Rehman Sherwani, Musa Mutlu Can, Shalima Shawuti, and Satoru Kaneko. "Synthesis and optical analyses of fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 95, no. 2 (2021): 20402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2021210034.

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The study was focused on to synthesis of pure and fluorine-doped SnO2 (FTO) nanoparticles by sol-gel method combining with low temperature, 300 °C, annealing process, immediately after gelation. The relationship between the structural and optical properties of FTO was investigated to understand the effects of fluorine amount on the optical transmittance ratio and configuration of electronic energy levels. Homogeneous distribution of fluorine in SnO2 lattice was observed at all synthesized FTO powders. In addition, the change in electronic energy configuration was investigated by the fluctuatio

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13

Ghannam, Hajar, Adil Chahboun, and Mireille Turmine. "Wettability of zinc oxide nanorod surfaces." RSC Advances 9, no. 65 (2019): 38289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra05378f.

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14

Chauhan, N., R. Rawal, V. Hooda, and U. Jain. "Electrochemical biosensor with graphene oxide nanoparticles and polypyrrole interface for the detection of bilirubin." RSC Advances 6, no. 68 (2016): 63624–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra15671a.

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A bilirubin biosensor was fabricated by immobilization of bilirubin oxidase (BOx) on a graphene oxide nanoparticle (GONP) decorated polypyrrole (Ppy) layer electrochemically deposited onto a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass plate.

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15

Tang, Maureen H., Pongkarn Chakthranont, and Thomas F. Jaramillo. "Top-down fabrication of fluorine-doped tin oxide nanopillar substrates for solar water splitting." RSC Advances 7, no. 45 (2017): 28350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra02937c.

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16

El-Shaer, A., and A. R. Abdelwahed. "Potentiostatic Deposition and Characterization of Cuprous Oxide Thin Films." ISRN Nanotechnology 2013 (April 17, 2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/271545.

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Electrodeposition technique was employed to deposit cuprous oxide Cu2O thin films. In this work, Cu2O thin films have been grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) transparent conducting glass as a substrate by potentiostatic deposition of cupric acetate. The effect of deposition time on the morphologies, crystalline, and optical quality of Cu2O thin films was investigated.

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17

Yousif, Salam Amir, and Jenan Mohamed Abass. "Structural, Morphological and Optical Characterization of SnO₂:F Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 18 (September 2013): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.18.90.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) films were successfully prepared on glass and quartz substrate at a substrate temperature equal to 450 °C for different fluorine doping (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) by a homemade spray pyrolysis technique. The spray solution prepared from tin tetrachloride pentahydrate (SnCl4 · 5H2O) dissolved in distilled water at (0.1 M) concentration and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) was added into the solution for fluorine doping. X-ray diffraction patterns of the spray-deposited (SnO2: F) films for different fluorine doping show that all the diffractograms contain the characteristic SnO2

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18

Yousif, Salam Amir, and Jenan Mohamed Abass. "<sub></sub>Structural, Morphological and Optical Characterization of SnO<sub>2</sub>:F Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 18 (September 28, 2013): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-u9557z.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) films were successfully prepared on glass and quartz substrate at a substrate temperature equal to 450 °C for different fluorine doping (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) by a homemade spray pyrolysis technique. The spray solution prepared from tin tetrachloride pentahydrate (SnCl4 · 5H2O) dissolved in distilled water at (0.1 M) concentration and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) was added into the solution for fluorine doping. X-ray diffraction patterns of the spray-deposited (SnO2: F) films for different fluorine doping show that all the diffractograms contain the characteristic SnO2

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19

Mousset, Emmanuel, Victor Huang Weiqi, Brandon Foong Yang Kai, et al. "A new 3D-printed photoelectrocatalytic reactor combining the benefits of a transparent electrode and the Fenton reaction for advanced wastewater treatment." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 47 (2017): 24951–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta08182k.

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20

Ding, Jialian, Xinru Li, Lin Zhou, Rongjie Yang, Fei Yan, and Bin Su. "Electrodeposition of nickel nanostructures using silica nanochannels as confinement for low-fouling enzyme-free glucose detection." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 16 (2020): 3616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02472g.

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21

Li, Feng, Xiaoning Li, Ranran Peng, et al. "{116} faceted anatase single-crystalline nanosheet arrays: facile synthesis and enhanced electrochemical performances." Nanoscale 6, no. 21 (2014): 12434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr04248d.

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22

Hu, Zhelu, Kai Xia, Jing Zhang, Ziyang Hu, and Yuejin Zhu. "In situ growth of novel laminar-shaped Co3S4 as an efficient counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells." RSC Adv. 4, no. 81 (2014): 42917–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra08518c.

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23

Sun, Bai, Wenxi Zhao, Yonghong Liu, and Peng Chen. "Resistive switching effect of Ag/MoS2/FTO device." Functional Materials Letters 08, no. 01 (2015): 1550010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604715500101.

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The electric-pulse-driven resistance change of metal/oxides/metal structure, which is called resistive switching effect, is a fascinating phenomenon for the development of next generation non-volatile memory. In this work, an outstanding bipolar resistive switching behavior of Ag / MoS 2/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) device is demonstrated. The device can maintain superior reversible stability over 100 cycles with an OFF/ON-state resistance ratio of about 103 at room temperature.

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24

MacInnes, Molly M. "Cerium Ion Adsorption to Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Electrodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 62 (2023): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02622929mtgabs.

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The f-elements are critical in many technologies including electronics, catalysis, magnetics, and clean energy. Additionally, these elements occur in very low abundance worldwide. Research has therefore been motivated in the detection, quantification, and reclamation of these elements from waste streams. In this presentation we explore the use of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes as sensitive and cost-effective electrochemical sensors for cerium ions. We demonstrate that cerium adsorbs reversibly to bare FTO surfaces with a dependence on pH. Through voltammetry and XPS characterization

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25

Narang, Jagriti, Nitesh Malhotra, Nidhi Chauhan, and C. S. Pundir. "Retracted Article: Multiwalled carbon nanotube wrapped nanoflake graphene composites for sensitive biosensing of leviteracetum." RSC Advances 5, no. 18 (2015): 13462–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14716b.

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Current research work presents the detection of leviteracetum by using nanoflakes of graphene (GNF) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) decorated on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass as sensing platform.

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26

Zhu, Xianglin, Peng Wang, Zeyan Wang, et al. "Co3O4 nanobelt arrays assembled with ultrathin nanosheets as highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 26 (2018): 12718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta03689f.

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27

Raj, Sudarsan, Rizwan Khan, In-Hwan Lee, Kwang-Un Jeong, and Yeon-Tae Yu. "Electrophoretic deposition of CdSe@CdZnS–ZnS multi core–shell QDs for quantum efficiency control of InGaN/GaN MQW LEDs." RSC Advances 6, no. 97 (2016): 95032–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra12925k.

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28

Xiao, Bing-Chang, Lu-Yin Lin, Jia-Yo Hong, Hong-Syun Lin, and Yung-Tao Song. "Synthesis of a monoclinic BiVO4 nanorod array as the photocatalyst for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation." RSC Advances 7, no. 13 (2017): 7547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra28262h.

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The BiVO<sub>4</sub> nanorod array is successfully synthesized on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glasses via a simple solution method, and the electrode is applied as the photoanode for water oxidation.

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29

Mohd Hanif, Asyikin Sasha, Weng Kuen Lau, Fariza Mohamad, Wan Suhaimizan Wan Zaki, and Mohd Khairul Ahmad. "Preparation of Nanostructured Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide (FTO) by Hydrothermal Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.632.

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This study demonstrates the fabrication of nanostructured FTO by hydrothermal method. It was directly synthesized on FTO glass substrate by using pentahydrated stannic chloride (SnCl4.5H2O) and ammonium fluoride (NH4F) as precursors. Different synthesis time was applied which were 5h, 10h and 24h. The characteristics of nanostructured FTO were investigated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), two-point probe current-voltage test and ultraviolet visible spectrometer (UV-Vis). The FESEM images revealed the growth of nanosized particles layer on the FTO substrate. The electric

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30

Jin, Bin Bin, Guo Qing Zhang, Shu Ying Kong, et al. "Pulsed voltage deposited hierarchical dendritic PbS film as a highly efficient and stable counter electrode for quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 25 (2018): 6823–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02067a.

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Hierarchical dendritic PbS films were deposited on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates as counter electrodes (CE) for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) by a facile one-step pulse voltage electrodeposition method.

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31

Samad, Wan Zurina, Muhamad Mat Salleh, Ashkan Shafiee, and Mohd Ambar Yarmo. "Transparent Conductive Electrode of Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Prepared by Inkjet Printing Technique." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.694.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films have been developed as alternatives to ITO for thin film transparent electrode applications. In this works, the FTO thin films were deposited using inkjet printing technique since the technique is a promising deposition method to fabricate low-cost devices. The FTO precursor was prepared by reacting SnCl4•5H2O and NH4F at 60oC in a sealed container. The thin films were deposited on glass substrates at 40oC with variations of printing layers. The optical and electrical properties of the films were affected by the number of printed layers. It was observe

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32

Afzaal, Mohammad, Heather M. Yates, Arnaud Walter, Sylvain Nicolay, and Christophe Ballif. "1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 20 (2017): 4946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc01248a.

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33

Mabuchi, Yota, Rashid Norhana Mohamed, Xuyang Li, Jianbo Liang, Naoki Kishi, and Tetsuo Soga. "Macroscale synthesis of CuO nanowires on FTO plane substrate." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 11 (2019): 1950138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919501380.

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This study aims to fabricate copper oxide (CuO) nanowires by annealing a copper film formed on a charged film of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). However, from the viewpoint of stress and growth of nanowires, it is difficult to mass-produce CuO nanowires on the entire region of the macro area on the plane substrate. In the proposed study, this was made possible by modifying the substrate’s structure.

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Liang, Shin-Wei, Cheng-Hang Hsu та Chuang-Chuang Tsai. "Effect of TCO/μc-Si:H Interface Modification on Hydrogenated Microcrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells". International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/756084.

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The effects of H2plasma exposure on optical, electrical, and structural properties of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and AZO/FTO substrates have been investigated. With increasing the time of H2-plasma exposure, the hydrogen radical and ions penetrated through the FTO surface to form more suboxides such as SnO and metallic Sn, which was confirmed by the XPS analysis. The Sn reduction on the FTO surface can be effectively eliminated by capping the FTO with a very thin layer of sputtered aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), as confirmed by the XPS analysis. By using the AZO/FTO as front TCO with the

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Lan, Yayao, Zhifeng Liu, Zhengang Guo, Mengnan Ruan, and Xifei Li. "A promising p-type Co–ZnFe2O4 nanorod film as a photocathode for photoelectrochemical water splitting." Chemical Communications 56, no. 39 (2020): 5279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc00273a.

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A p-type Co–ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> film with a one-dimensional (1D) rod-like morphology is fabricated for the first time on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) through a hydrothermal reaction and sintering treatment.

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Tian, Jun Qing, Hai Ying Shi, and Wei Zheng. "Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Nanocrystals Prepared by Sol-Gel Method." Advanced Materials Research 977 (June 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.977.59.

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Fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO) nanocrystals were prepared with sol–gel method using SnCl4·5H2O and NH4F as precursor material. The FTO was characterized with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermal Grativity (DTA-TG) and Infrared Radiation (IR) respectively. The electrical property was measured with Hall Effect Sensor. The result of XRD and SEM shows that FTO nanocrystal size is about 20 nm and the dimension of the grain is about 300 nm. IR spectrum analysis proves fluorine doping. The crystal phase transformation was discussed w

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Au, Benedict Wen-Cheun, Kah-Yoong Chan, Gregory Soon How Thien, Mian-En Yeoh, Mohd Zainizan Sahdan, and Hanabe Chowdappa Ananda Murthy. "The Effect of Transparent Conducting Oxide Films on WO3-based Electrochromic Devices with Conducting Polymer Electrolytes." Polymers 15, no. 1 (2023): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15010238.

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Over the past few decades, electrochromism has been a prominent topic in energy-saving applications, which is based on the mechanism of altering the optical transmittance of EC materials under the effect of a small applied voltage. Thus, tungsten oxide (WO3) is a significant chemical compound typically applied in electrochromic devices (ECDs) as it is responsible for the optical transmittance variation. In this work, the WO3 films were produced through a sol–gel spin-coating method. The effect of various transparent conducting oxides (TCOs, which are indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-dope

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38

N.K.A Hamed, M.K Ahmad, M.L.M Napi, et al. "Single-step hydrothermal fabrication of nanorice-shaped fluorine-doped tin oxide for enhanced dye-sensitized solar cells." International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM) 18, no. 1 (2025): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.58915/ijneam.v18i1.1720.

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A one-step method to synthesize nanorice fluorine-doped tin oxide (nr-FTO) was successfully applied to a bare FTO substrate via a hydrothermal process. This technique successfully creates uniform films of nr-FTO with spherical morphology. According to FESEM analysis, FTO nanorice has an average grain size of 54.8 nm in length and 21.0 nm in diameter. This technique provides a simple fabrication procedure to create nanorice FTO thin films without requiring an extra seed layer. The data from XRD analysis and the d-spacing values obtained from TEM imaging are in good agreement, further demonstrat

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Gabriunaite, Inga, Gintaras Valincius, Albinas Žilinskas, and Aušra Valiūnienė. "Tethered Bilayer Membrane Formation on Silanized Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Surface." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 3 (2022): 037515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac5c96.

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Silane compound was synthesized via click chemistry and a mixture of synthesis products without purification was used to form the self-assembled monolayers on metal oxide conducting films of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO). Silanized FTO surfaces triggered rupture of multilamellar vesicles and formed electrically insulating tethered bilayer membranes (tBLMs). In contrast to well-known hybrid bilayer membranes on silane monolayers such as ones formed from octadecyltrichlorosilane, tBLMs on FTO contained water-ion reservoir between solid surface and phospholipid bilayer sheet. They demonstrated b

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GHEZAL, F., T. BELAL, and R. TALA-IGHIL ZAIR. "FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CuInSe2 THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS WITH FLUORINE DOPED ZnO AS NEW BUFFER LAYER." Chalcogenide Letters 17, no. 10 (2020): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2020.1710.521.

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Copper indium diselenide CuInSe2 (CISe) thin films are very important semiconductor material for solar cell applications.In this study, CuInSe2 (CIS), and Fluorine doped ZnO (ZnO:F) thin films were electrodeposited from aqueous solutions consisting of CuCl2, InCl3,and SeO2 with Na-citrate as complexing agents onto Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates for CuInSe2,and ZnCl2,NH4F were used as sources of ZnO and fluorine doping respectively. The microstructures, morphologies, and optical properties of the CuInSe2 With new buffer layer fluorine doped ZnO (FZO) were characterized. X-ray diffrac

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Buntem, R., P. Kraisingdecha, and W. Sadee. "Fluoride and Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Film by Spray Pyrolysis." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.513.

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Thin films of undoped, fluoride- and antimony- doped tin oxide on glass were prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. The aerosols were atomized from precursor solution by a commercial ultrasonic generator. Tin chloride(SnCl2.2H2O), ammonium fluoride (NH4F), and antimony chloride (SbCl3) were used as a source for tin, fluoride, and antimony respectively. For the undoped tin oxide film, the solution of 0.8 M tin chloride was used as a precursor solution. While fluoride-doped tin oxide films (FTO), the solution of 0.8 M SnCl2.2H2O in ethanol and varying amounts of NH4F dissolved in 0.2 M HCl (0.6

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LI, XUYANG, NAOKI KISHI, and TETSUO SOGA. "SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE THIN FILM WITH THREAD-LIKE NANOWIRES ON FLUORINE DOPED TIN OXIDE GLASS SUBSTRATES." Modern Physics Letters B 27, no. 32 (2013): 1350237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984913502370.

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In this paper, ZnO thin film has been synthesized on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate by annealing the Zn film in air flow. The SEM image shows that the high density and thread-like ZnO nanowires could grow on the thin film. XRD pattern shows that ZnO was the only compound. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results of individual ZnO nanowires show that the nanowires grown on the ZnO thin film are single-crystalline, and the selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED) shows that the nanowires grow along the (001) direction.

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Prasad, Shiva, Mohan Bhadbhade, and Pall Thordarson. "Tin(IV) porphyrin functionalization of electrochemically active fluoride-doped tin-oxide (FTO) via Huisgen [3+2] click chemistry." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 15, no. 01 (2011): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424611002970.

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A novel tetra-alkyne terminated tin(IV) porphyrin 3 was synthesized in good yields and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, the latter revealing interactions with hexane molecules that stabilize the crystal structure of the tin(IV) porphyrin 3. It was then linked to a conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) surfaces using Huisgen [3+2] click chemistry. The attachment of the tin(IV) porphyrin to the FTO surface 6 was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), indicating the presence of the 1,2,3-triazole unit. Electro

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Joshi, Leela Pradhan. "Prunus domestica dye extraction for fabrication of zinc oxide based dye-sensitized solar cells." BIBECHANA 13 (December 3, 2015): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v13i0.13341.

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Aluminium doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) seed layers were deposited on Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) substrates using a spin coating technique. These were then immersed in growth solutions of zinc nitrate, hexamethylenetetramine and distilled water to develop nanoplates of Zinc Oxide (ZnO). The nanostructures of ZnO grown on FTO were studied using x-ray diffraction techniques. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) were fabricated using two prepared electrodes, one of dye-loaded zinc oxide and another that was platinum coated. The electrolyte used was potassium iodide iodine solution. The performance of t

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Saehana, S., Darsikin, Z. Arifin, and Nasar. "Developed spray pyrolysis reactor for fabricating fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1242 (June 2019): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1242/1/012022.

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Mushtak Abdulmohsin Jabber and Muhsin Attia Kudhier. "Effect of Fluorine Concentration on Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of SnO2:F Thin Films Orepared by Spray Pyrolysis Technique." journal of the college of basic education 23, no. 98 (2022): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v23i98.8836.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide, SnO2: F (FTO) thin films deposited on glass substrates at 405±2˚C have been prepared using Spray Pyrolysis Technique. Structural, electrical and optical properties of FTO thin films under different doping concentration (5, 15, 20, 25 and 30) wt% are investigated using XRD patterns, Hall effect measurement and UV–Vis spectrophotometry. X-ray diffraction studies of FTO films indicate that all films are polycrystalline with tetragonal structure. The lattice constants a and c vary from (4.7269 to 4.7557)Å and (3.2548 to3.2103) Å respectively. While the crystallite size D

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Leyva Aranzabal, Mauricio A., and Carlos R. Cabrera. "Gallium Nitride Electrodeposition at Indium Tin Oxide and Fluorine Tin Oxide Electrodes in Ammonium Nitrate and Gallium Nitrate Aqueous Solution." ECS Transactions 113, no. 7 (2024): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11307.0037ecst.

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Gallium nitride thin films in semiconductor technology have garnered interest. This study aims to develop an effective GaN electrodeposition technique applicable where needed. To determine the optimal conditions, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was done on a boron-doped diamond electrode at 0.01 mV/s potential scan rate and at 0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl (Saturated KCl) constant applied potential. In the CV study, a well-defined peak formed at -1.75 V vs. Ag/Ag/Cl (Saturated KCl). To start examining thin film features on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Fluorine Tin Oxide (FTO) electrodes, chronoamperometry (CA) meas

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Eqbal, Ebitha, E. Hilal Rahman, and E. I. Anila. "Preparation and Characterization of Transparent Conducting FTO Thin Films by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method." Volume 4,Issue 5,2018 4, no. 5 (2018): 572–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30799/jnst.176.18040529.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films were synthesized by chemical spray pyrolysis method on glass substrates for 10 at.%, 15 at.%, 20 at.% of fluorine doping concentrations. Their structural, optical and electrical properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study shows polycrystalline nature of the films with orthorhombic crystal structure. The grain size (D) was observed in the range of 14 nm to 30 nm. The FESEM images of the FTO thin films reveals that the films have smooth and homogeneous surface morphology with thin granular grains distributed throughout the surface. EDX an

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Adris, Nur Azlina, Lorna Jeffery Minggu, Rozan Mohamad Yunus, Khuzaimah Arifin, Muhamad Azuwa Mohamed, and Mohammad B. Kassim. "Photoelectrochemical characterisation of direct and pulse electrodeposited copper on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass." Malaysian Journal of Chemical Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (2024): 224–36. https://doi.org/10.24191/mjcet.v7i2.1320.

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Electrodeposition (ED) is applied in several applications since it is one of the most user‐friendly and cost-effective techniques. The increasing popularity of this technique is due to its capacity to control the morphology and chemical composition of the target materials. Copper (Cu) is one of the metals that can be discovered in the greatest abundance on earth. It has been used as an alternative to noble metals to improve the photo electrochemical (PEC) activity for hydrogen generation. This research involved the electrochemical deposition of Cu metal onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glas

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LI, XUYANG, NAOKI KISHI, and TETSUO SOGA. "SYNTHESIS OF ALIGNED COPPER OXIDE NANOWIRES ON FLUORINE-DOPED TIN OXIDE GLASS SUBSTRATE." Modern Physics Letters B 27, no. 31 (2013): 1350227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984913502278.

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In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of uniform and dense CuO nanowires on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate are reported. The procedure simply involved the vapor–solid thermal oxidation growth process of CuO nanowires on FTO surface in the air flow. The sample was annealed in air within the temperature range 300–600°C for 1 h. The morphology and density of the CuO nanowires could be controlled by annealing temperature. The SEM image analysis indicates that the nanowires feature uniform size with aligned structures. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy

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