Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flux tower measurements

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Flux tower measurements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Flux tower measurements"

1

Metzger, S., W. Junkermann, M. Mauder, et al. "Eddy Covariance flux measurements with a weight-shift microlight aircraft." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 5, no. 2 (2012): 2591–643. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-5-2591-2012.

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Abstract. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and quality of Eddy-Covariance flux measurements from a weight-shift microlight aircraft (WSMA). Firstly we investigate the precision of the wind measurement (σu,v≤ 0.09 m s−1, σw = 0.04 m s−1), the lynchpin of flux calculations from aircraft. From here the smallest resolvable changes in friction velocity (0.02 m s−1), and sensible- (5 W m−2) and latent (3 W m−2) heat flux are estimated. Secondly a seven-day flight campaign was performed near Lindenberg (Germany). Here we compare measurements of wind, temperature, humidity and
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Post, H., H. J. Hendricks Franssen, A. Graf, M. Schmidt, and H. Vereecken. "Uncertainty analysis of eddy covariance CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements for different EC tower distances using an extended two-tower approach." Biogeosciences 12, no. 4 (2015): 1205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1205-2015.

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Abstract. The use of eddy covariance (EC) CO2 flux measurements in data assimilation and other applications requires an estimate of the random uncertainty. In previous studies, the (classical) two-tower approach has yielded robust uncertainty estimates, but care must be taken to meet the often competing requirements of statistical independence (non-overlapping footprints) and ecosystem homogeneity when choosing an appropriate tower distance. The role of the tower distance was investigated with help of a roving station separated between 8 m and 34 km from a permanent EC grassland station. Rando
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Metzger, S., W. Junkermann, M. Mauder, et al. "Eddy-covariance flux measurements with a weight-shift microlight aircraft." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 5, no. 7 (2012): 1699–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-1699-2012.

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Abstract. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and quality of eddy-covariance flux measurements from a weight-shift microlight aircraft (WSMA). Firstly, we investigate the precision of the wind measurement (σu,v ≤ 0.09 m s−1, σw = 0.04 m s−1), the lynchpin of flux calculations from aircraft. From here, the smallest resolvable changes in friction velocity (0.02 m s−1), and sensible- (5 W m−2) and latent (3 W m−2) heat flux are estimated. Secondly, a seven-day flight campaign was performed near Lindenberg (Germany). Here we compare measurements of wind, temperature, humidity
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Lee, Temple R., Michael Buban, Edward Dumas, and C. Bruce Baker. "A New Technique to Estimate Sensible Heat Fluxes around Micrometeorological Towers Using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 9 (2017): 2103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0065.1.

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AbstractUpscaling point measurements from micrometeorological towers is a challenging task that is important for a variety of applications, for example, in process studies of convection initiation, carbon and energy budget studies, and the improvement of model parameterizations. In the present study, a technique was developed to determine the horizontal variability in sensible heat flux H surrounding micrometeorological towers. The technique was evaluated using 15-min flux observations, as well as measurements of land surface temperature and air temperature obtained from small unmanned aircraf
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Post, H., H. J. Hendricks Franssen, A. Graf, M. Schmidt, and H. Vereecken. "Uncertainty analysis of eddy covariance CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements for different EC tower distances using an extended two-tower approach." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 8 (2014): 11943–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11943-2014.

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Abstract. The use of eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements in data assimilation and other applications requires an estimate of the random uncertainty. In previous studies, the two-tower approach has yielded robust uncertainty estimates, but care must be taken to meet the often competing requirements of statistical independence (non-overlapping footprints) and ecosystem homogeneity when choosing an appropriate tower distance. The role of the tower distance was investigated with help of a roving station separated between 8 m and 34 km from a permanent EC grassland station. Random uncertainty was
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Kenion, Helen C., Kenneth J. Davis, Natasha L. Miles, Vanessa C. Monteiro, Scott J. Richardson, and Jason P. Horne. "Estimation of Urban Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Mole Fraction Measurements Using Monin–Obukhov Similarity Theory." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 41, no. 9 (2024): 833–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-23-0164.1.

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Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine whether urban greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes can be quantified from tower-based mole fraction measurements using Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST). Tower-based GHG mole fraction networks are used in many cities to quantify whole-city GHG emissions. Local-scale, micrometeorological flux estimates would complement whole-city estimates from atmospheric inversions. CO2 mole fraction and eddy-covariance flux data at an urban site in Indianapolis, Indiana, from October 2020 through January 2022 are analyzed. Using MOST flux–variance and flux–gradi
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Marzahn, Philip, Linda Flade, and Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa. "Spatial Estimation of the Latent Heat Flux in a Tropical Dry Forest by Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Forests 11, no. 6 (2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060604.

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In this paper, we address the retrieval of spatially distributed latent heat flux ( λ E) over a tropical dry forest using multi-spectral and thermal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. The study was carried out in the Santa Rosa National Park Environmental Monitoring Super-Site, Costa Rica, in June 2016. The triangle method was used to derive λ E from the UAV imagery and the results were compared to λ E measurements of an eddy covariance system within the coincident eddy flux tower footprint. The tower footprint was derived using a two-dimensional parameterization model for flux footprint p
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Haszpra, L., Z. Barcza, T. Haszpra, Zs Pátkai, and K. J. Davis. "How well do tall-tower measurements characterize the CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction distribution in the planetary boundary layer?" Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 4 (2015): 1657–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1657-2015.

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Abstract. Planetary boundary layer (PBL) CO2 mole fraction data are needed by transport models and carbon budget models as both input and reference for validation. The height of in situ CO2 mole fraction measurements is usually different from that of the model levels where the data are needed; data from short towers, in particular, are difficult to utilize in atmospheric models that do not simulate the surface layer well. Tall-tower CO2 mole fraction measurements observed at heights ranging from 10 to 115 m above ground level at a rural site in Hungary and regular airborne vertical mole fracti
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Haszpra, L., Z. Barcza, T. Haszpra, Z. Pátkai, and K. J. Davis. "How well do tall tower measurements characterize the CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction distribution in the planetary boundary layer?" Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 7, no. 12 (2014): 12249–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-12249-2014.

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Abstract. Planetary boundary layer (PBL) CO2 mole fraction data are needed by transport models and carbon budget models as both input and reference for validation. The height of in situ CO2 mole fraction measurements is usually different from that of the model levels where the data are needed; data from short towers, in particular, are difficult to utilize in atmospheric models that do not simulate the surface layer well. Tall tower CO2 mole fraction measurements observed at heights ranging from 10 to 115 m a.g.l. at a rural site in Hungary and regular airborne vertical mole fraction profile m
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Kljun, N., P. Calanca, M. W. Rotach, and H. P. Schmid. "A simple two-dimensional parameterisation for Flux Footprint Prediction (FFP)." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 11 (2015): 3695–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3695-2015.

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Abstract. Flux footprint models are often used for interpretation of flux tower measurements, to estimate position and size of surface source areas, and the relative contribution of passive scalar sources to measured fluxes. Accurate knowledge of footprints is of crucial importance for any upscaling exercises from single site flux measurements to local or regional scale. Hence, footprint models are ultimately also of considerable importance for improved greenhouse gas budgeting. With increasing numbers of flux towers within large monitoring networks such as FluxNet, ICOS (Integrated Carbon Obs
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flux tower measurements"

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Sirikul, Natthanich. "Comparisons of MODIS Vegetation Index Products with Biophysical and Flux Tower Measurements." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194767.

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Vegetation indices (VI ) play an important role in studies of global climate and biogeochemical cycles, and are also positively related to many biophysical parameters and satellite products. In this study we found that VI's had strong relationships with some biophysical products, such as gross primary production, yet were less well correlated with biophysical structural parameters, such as leaf area index. The relationships between MODIS VI's and biophysical field measured LAI showed poor correlation at semi-arid land and broadleaf forest land cover type whereas cropland showed stronger corre
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D'Acunha, Brenda. "Net ecosystem carbon balance for a peat bog undergoing restoration by integrating flux tower and aquatic flux measurements." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62765.

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Peatlands are wetlands where gross primary production exceeds organic matter decomposition causing an accumulation of partially decomposed matter, also called peat. Peat ecosystems can accumulate more carbon (C) than tropical rainforests. However, dissolved fluxes of C (as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄)) must also be considered to determine if these ecosystems are net sinks or sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere. This research was conducted in Burns Bog, Delta, BC, Canada, one of the largest bogs on the west coast of the Americas, but wh
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Park, Chang Hyoun. "Flux Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds from an Urban Tower Platform." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7960.

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A tall tower flux measurement setup was established in metropolitan Houston, Texas, to measure trace gas fluxes from both anthropogenic and biogenic emission sources in the urban surface layer. We describe a new relaxed eddy accumulation system combined with a dual-channel gas chromatography - flame ionization detection used for volatile organic compound (VOC) flux measurements in the urban area, focusing on the results of selected anthropogenic VOCs, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), and biogenic VOCs including isoprene and its oxidation products, methacrolein (MACR
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Park, Sung-Bin. "An investigation of temporal variability of CO2 fluxes in a boreal coniferous forest and a bog in central Siberia : from local to regional scale." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0003-C16A-C.

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Book chapters on the topic "Flux tower measurements"

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Kaimal, J. C. "Flux and Profile Measurements from Towers in the Boundary Layer." In Probing the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. American Meteorological Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-944970-14-7_3.

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Kaimal, J. C., and J. J. Finnigan. "Sensors and Techniques for Observing the Boundary Layer." In Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062397.003.0009.

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Sensors used for boundary layer measurements fall into two broad categories: in situ sensors that can be mounted on the ground, on masts, towers, tethered balloons, free balloons, or aircraft; and remote sensors, ground-based or aircraft-mounted, that infer atmospheric properties through their effects on acoustic, microwave, and optical signals propagating through the air. In situ sensors are the traditional instruments of choice for surface and lower boundary layer studies, being the only ones capable of the accuracy and resolution needed for quantitative work. A major portion of this chapter
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Singh, Sarita, Samridhi Gulati, Deepak Kumar, and Pratima Sharma. "AI and Machine Learning in Carbon Sequestration." In Advanced Systems for Monitoring Carbon Sequestration. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-2091-5.ch018.

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Carbon sequestration plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide in various natural and engineered systems. The chapter Advanced Systems for Monitoring Carbon Sequestration explores state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies for tracking, quantifying, and verifying carbon sequestration in terrestrial, oceanic, and geological reservoirs. It provides an in-depth analysis of remote sensing, geospatial modeling, sensor networks, and AI-driven analytics that enhance the accuracy and efficiency of monitoring processes. Additionally, the
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Conference papers on the topic "Flux tower measurements"

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Jiao Wang, Tomoaki Miura, Anna Kato, Peter D. Blanken, Nathaniel Brunsell, and Margaret S. Torn. "Radiometric validation of satellite vegetation indices using flux tower measurements." In IGARSS 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946951.

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Norouzi, Hamidreza, Brian Vant-Hull, Prathap Ramamurphy, Reginald Blake, Satya Prakash, and Marzi Azarderakhsh. "Urban surface energy budget study using flux tower observations and remote sensing measurements." In 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8128445.

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Porch, W. M., and W. Shaw. "Application of Optical Remote Sensing to the Study of Surface Fluxes Related To Cloud Formation." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.tuc.2.

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One of the largest uncertainties in climate change prediction is associated with cloud formation. A change in cloudiness small enough to be undetectable by satellites can have a large impact on global climate. It is therefore very important to accurately measure the meteorological parameters associated with cloud formation. These parameters include water vapor, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and vertical lofting of air to colder altitudes. For boundary layer clouds, the vertical velocities associated with lofting need only be a few centimeters per second. The vertical velocity can be induced
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Grund, Christian J., Madison J. Post, and Kin Pui Chan. "Progress in Development of a Tm:YAG Coherent Lidar for High Spatial and Velocity Resolution Wind Measurement." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.pd.1.

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The changing thermodynamic and chemical properties of the atmosphere are largely controlled by the exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum within the land and ocean boundary layers. Understanding anthropogenic impacts on air quality and the climate requires knowledge of the sources, sinks, and turbulent exchange processes for pollutants and greenhouse gases. Present knowledge of these processes largely depends on flux measurements acquired using in situ sensors on aircraft, towers, and tethered balloons, or by radar, sodar, and lidar remote sensors. Large eddy simulation models (Moeng and Wyn
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Usrey, Michael W., Yiping Liu, Mark Anderson, et al. "Development of High Temperature, Corrosion Resistant Sensors for Concentrating Solar Power Systems." In ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2014-6569.

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Solar power is a sustainable resource which can reduce the power generated by fossil fuels, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and increasing energy independence. The U.S. Department of Energy’s SunShot Initiative has set goals to increase the efficiency of concentrating solar power (CSP) systems. One SunShot effort to help CSP systems exceed 50% efficiency is to make use of high-temperature heat transfer fluids (HTFs) and thermal energy storage (TES) fluids that can increase the temperature of the power cycle up to 1300°C. Sporian has successfully developed high-temperature operable pressure,
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Offergeld, Matthias, Marc Röger, Hannes Stadler, Philip Gorzalka, and Bernhard Hoffschmidt. "Flux density measurement for industrial-scale solar power towers using the reflection off the absorber." In SOLARPACES 2018: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5117617.

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Lindquist, Torbjo¨rn, Marcus Thern, and Tord Torisson. "Experimental and Theoretical Results of a Humidification Tower in an Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycle Pilot Plant." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30127.

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The Evaporative Gas Turbine Pilot Plant has been in operation at Lund Institute of Technology in Sweden since 1997. In this cycle low-grade heat in the flue gases is utilized for water evaporation into the compressed air in the humidification tower. This result in, amongst others, power augmentation, efficiency increase and lower emissions. This article presents the experimental and theoretical results of the humidification tower, in which simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurs. A theoretical model has been established for the simultaneous heat and mass transfer occurring in the humidifica
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Neumann, Andreas, and Gregor Schmitt. "Review of Optical Properties for Lambertian Diffusers in Solar Energy Application." In ASME 2003 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2003-44039.

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The measurement of concentrated solar radiation is often done by using the Lambertian target and video camera technique. With these instruments the recording of two-dimensional flux maps is performed by moving a white and diffuse reflecting target into the beam and taking an image of the reflection pattern with the camera. Many of the present and past instruments are based on this principle, e.g. for analyzing dish, tower, or solar furnace performance. The method relies on white, temperature resistant target materials with good Lambertian scattering properties. Solid ceramic material, powder c
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Sproul, Evan, Kyle Chavez, and Julius Yellowhair. "The Development of the Heliostat Focusing and Canting Enhancement Technique: An Optical Heliostat Alignment Tool for the National Solar Thermal Test Facility." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54268.

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A heliostat array is a field of heliostats that focuses sunlight continuously on a central receiver in a power tower solar concentration system. Each heliostat consists of a structurally mounted mirror surface capable of reflecting sunlight onto a given target throughout the day. Typically, most heliostats are actually a group of individual mirror facets on a single moving frame. To achieve highly concentrated solar flux on a central receiver, each heliostat mirror facet has to be properly aligned (both canted and focused) when attached to the heliostat frame. In order to accurately evaluate a
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Thern, Marcus, Torbjo¨rn Lindquist, and Tord Torisson. "Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of a Plate Heat Exchanger Aftercooler in an Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycle." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38099.

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The evaporative gas turbine pilot plant (EvGT) has been in operation at Lund Institute of Technology in Sweden since 1997. This article presents the experimental and theoretical results of the latest process modifications made, i.e. the effect of the installation of an aftercooler. The purpose of the aftercooler is to increase the performance of the cycle by utilizing more low-level heat in the humidification tower. The chosen aftercooler is of plate heat exchanger type, which is very compact, has high thermal efficiency and low pressure drop. The installation of an aftercooler lowers the temp
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