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Journal articles on the topic 'Fused-ring Compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

M., Deepak, Sharan A., Srinivasan P., Shahi K., and V. Srinivasan K. "Solid state conductance in fused ring aromatic compounds." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 77, Jul 2000 (2000): 349–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5867635.

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Magadh Mahila College, Patna-800 001, India Department of Chemistry, Patna University, Patna-800 005, India <em>Manuscript received 3 February 1999, revised 5 November 1999, accepted 3 March 2000</em> Solid state conductance in aromatic fused ring compounds such as naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene exhibits space charge limitations. The measurements point to the presence of traps exponentially dibtributed over a wide energy range. Currents are found to vary with temperature in these samples exhibiting low activation energies. The activation energy decreases from naphthalene&nb

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2

Ozer, Erdem Kamil, Miyase Gozde Gunduz, Ahmed El-Khouly, et al. "Synthesis of fused 1,4-dihydropyridines as potential calcium channel blockers." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 43, no. 6 (2017): 578–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2016-0247.

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AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to synthesize ten 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives in which substituted cyclohexane rings were fused to the DHP ring and to determine how different ester groups and the benzoyl substituent introduced in 4-phenyl ring affected their calcium channel blocking activity.MethodsA microwave-assisted one-pot method was applied for the synthesis of compound1–5according to a modified Hantzsch reaction. The benzoyl moiety was introduced in the 4-phenyl ring of these dihydropyridines by refluxing with benzoyl chloride in acetone in the presence of anhydrous

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3

Zheng, Wei, Yuan Zhao, Wen‐Hao Zhuang, et al. "Phthalorubines: Fused‐Ring Compounds Synthesized from Phthalonitrile." Angewandte Chemie 130, no. 47 (2018): 15610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201807281.

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4

Zheng, Wei, Yuan Zhao, Wen‐Hao Zhuang, et al. "Phthalorubines: Fused‐Ring Compounds Synthesized from Phthalonitrile." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 47 (2018): 15384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201807281.

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5

Teymouri, Mahshid, Anna Pietrzak, and Paulina Bartos. "(Hetero)Arene Ring-Fused [1,2,4]Triazines." Molbank 2024, no. 2 (2024): M1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1824.

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Synthetic access to a five (hetero)arene ring-fused 3-phenyl[1,2,4]triazines is described. The resulting compounds were characterized via 1H and 13C NMR, IR, UV–vis spectroscopy and HRMS. The structure of 3-phenyl[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-c]quinoline was unambiguously confirmed by single crystal XRD.

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6

Fang, Xiangdong, Hong Yang, Jeff W. Kampf, Mark M. Banaszak Holl, and Arthur J. Ashe. "Syntheses of Ring-Fused B−N Heteroaromatic Compounds." Organometallics 25, no. 2 (2006): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om058048e.

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7

Kündig, E. Peter, Alejandro Bellido, Krishna P. Kaliappan, Andrew R. Pape, and Sylvie Radix. "Efficient Access to Fused Ring Compounds via Dearomatization/Ring-Closing Metathesis." Synlett, no. 15 (2003): 2407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-43330.

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8

Yin, Zhao-Kun, Zi-Ming Feng, Jian-Shuang Jiang, Xu Zhang, Pei-Cheng Zhang, and Ya-Nan Yang. "New diterpenoid quinones derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza and their cytotoxic and neuroprotective activities." RSC Advances 10, no. 24 (2020): 14235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02022b.

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A new tanshinone derivative, which possesses an unusual 6/6/5/6 fused-ring skeleton together with 4 new five-membered lactone benzohexa-membered ring compounds and 3 new carboxyl substituted 5,5-spiroketal compounds, were isolated from dried rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

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9

Aitken, R., and Alasdair Garnett. "Versatile Pyrolytic Synthesis of Fused Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds." Synthesis 49, no. 22 (2017): 4955–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588586.

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Thirty-six new stabilised phosphonium ylides designed to undergo thermal loss of Ph3PO and radical domino cyclisation have been prepared and are generally found to undergo the desired reaction under flash vacuum pyrolysis conditions at 850 °C. A wide range of tetra- and pentacyclic fused-ring heterocycles, many previously unknown, are thus formed in moderate to high yield in a single step. By using suitably substituted starting materials, substituents such as CH3 and Cl can be installed at various positions in the products. The method has also been demonstrated in a combinatorial mode to gene

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10

Panda, Niranjan, Irshad Mattan, Subhadra Ojha, and Chandra Shekhar Purohit. "Synthesis of medium-sized (6–7–6) ring compounds by iron-catalyzed dehydrogenative C–H activation/annulation." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 42 (2018): 7861–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob01496e.

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11

Zhang, Changyuan, Huanfeng Jiang, and Shifa Zhu. "Gold-catalyzed ring-expansion through acyl migration to afford furan-fused polycyclic compounds." Chemical Communications 53, no. 18 (2017): 2677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc00218a.

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12

Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Naoya Yamada, Ken-ichi Nakayama, and Mutsumi Kimura. "Self-organized one-dimensional columns of benzo[b]thiophene-fused tetraazaporphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 18, no. 04 (2014): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424614500114.

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Ring-expanded metallophthalocyanines fused with thiophene rings 1–4 have been synthesized by ring closing reaction from the o-chloroethynylbenzene substructures with Na 2 S 9 H 2 O . The self-organizing properties of these compounds have been studied by UV-vis spectroscopy in solution, π-A isotherms at air-water interface, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of a solid, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Whereas all compounds exhibit good solubility in organic solvents, thiophene-fused phthalocyanines form stable aggregates through strong intermolecular π–π interaction. Copper phthalocynaine Cu -

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13

Chambers, Richard D., Philip R. Hoskin, and Graham Sandford. "Polyhalogenated Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 48. Multisubstituted Bis-pyridyl Derivatives from Pentafluoropyridine." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 67, no. 9 (2002): 1277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20021277.

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14

Clive, Derrick L. J., Hartford W. Manning, and Taryn L. B. Boivin. "Construction of trans-ring-fused compounds by radical cyclızation." J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., no. 14 (1990): 972–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39900000972.

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15

Swaminathan, K., P. Narayanan, K. Sethusankar, Velu Saravanan, and Arasambattu K. Mohanakrishnan. "Crystal structures of two new carbazole derivatives: 12-(4-nitrophenyl)-7-phenylsulfonyl-7H-benzofuro[2,3-b]carbazole and 2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-9-phenylsulfonyl-9H-thieno[2,3-b]carbazole." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 12 (2016): 1739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016016996.

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The title compounds, C30H18N2O5S, (I), and C27H18N2O4S2, (II), are carbazole derivatives with a phenylsulfonyl group and a nitrophenyl group attached to the carbazole moiety in identical positions in both molecules. A benzofuran ring system in (I) and a methylthiophene ring in (II) are fused with the respective carbazole moieties on the same sides. The mean plane of the carbazole ring system makes a dihedral angle of 3.17 (7)° with the benzofuran ring system in (I) and a dihedral angle of 3.39 (11)° with the methylthiophene ring in (II), implying that both fused units are essentially planar. T

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16

Song, Liang, Feng-Qi Zhao, Si-Yu Xu, and Xue-Hai Ju. "Reactive molecular dynamics simulation of the high-temperature pyrolysis of 2,2′,2′′,4,4′,4′′,6,6′,6′′-nonanitro-1,1′:3′,1′′-terphenyl (NONA)." RSC Advances 10, no. 9 (2020): 5507–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra10261b.

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17

Guo, Shenghai, Jianhui Zhai, and Xuesen Fan. "An I2-mediated cascade reaction of 2′-bromoacetophenones with benzohydrazides/benzamides leading to quinazolino[3,2-b]cinnoline or tryptanthrin derivatives." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, no. 6 (2017): 1521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob02699k.

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18

Hashimoto, Shingo, and Kazukuni Tahara. "Theoretical Study on the Structures, Electronic Properties, and Aromaticity of Thiophene Analogues of Anti-Kekulene." Chemistry 4, no. 4 (2022): 1546–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry4040102.

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We predict the geometries, electronic properties, and aromaticity of thiophene analogues of anti-kekulene with six to nine thiophene rings 1–4, together with those of cyclobutadithiophenes (CDTs) and anti-kekulene as reference compounds, using density functional theory calculations. Investigation of the simplest reference compounds, CDTs, reveals that the local aromaticity of their thiophene rings is influenced by their fused position (b- or c-bond) to the four-membered ring (4MR). A thiophene ring fused at the b-position (b-TR) retains its aromatic character to some extent, whereas the aromat

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19

Deady, LW, and NH Quazi. "Synthesis of Pyrazino[2,3-c]isoquinolinecarboxylic Acids and Related Compounds." Australian Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 12 (1992): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9922083.

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1-Methylisoquinoline-3,4-diamine has been synthesized and condensed with α-dicarbonyl compounds to give the fused pyrazine ring. Oxidation of methyl groups gives the 3- and 6-carboxylic acids. Nitration occurs in the benzenoid ring to give the single 10-nitro product, and formation of an unusual 6-trinitromethyl compound is also reported.

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20

Di Mola, Antonia, Caterina Vietri, Consiglia Tedesco та Antonio Massa. "Catalyst-Free Spontaneous Aza-Mannich/Lactamization Cascade Reaction: Easy Access to Polycyclic δ-Lactams". Molecules 30, № 13 (2025): 2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30132702.

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Ring-fused azacyclic compounds are important building blocks in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutical agents. Herein, we report an effective and valuable one-pot approach to obtaining polycyclic fused δ-lactams from readily available 2-formylphenyl acetate and diamines under catalyst-free and green conditions.

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21

Gopinath, S., K. Sethusankar, Helen Stoeckli-Evans, Muhamad Rafiq, and Arasambattu K. Mohanakrishnan. "Crystal structure of 6-(p-tolyl)benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-d]thiophene and of an orthorhombic polymorph of 7-phenylanthra[2,3-b]benzo[d]thiophene." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 72, no. 9 (2016): 1310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989016012937.

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The title compounds, C23H16S, (I), and C26H16S, (II), are benzothiophene derivatives in which the benzothiophene moiety is fused with a naphthalene ring system in (I), and with an anthracene ring system in (II). In (I), the mean plane of the benzothiophene ring system makes a dihedral angle of 2.28 (6)° with the naphthalene ring system, and a dihedral angle of 1.28 (6)° with the anthracene ring system in (II), showing that the fused units are essentially planar. In (I), the 4-methylbenzene ring substituent makes a dihedral angle of 71.40 (9)° with the naphthalene ring system, while the phenyl

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22

Hammam, Abou Elfatooh G., Nagla A. Abd El-hafeza, Wanda H. Midurab, and Marian Mikołajczyk. "Chemistry of Seven-Membered Heterocycles, VI. Synthesis of Novel Bicyclic Heterocyclic Compounds as Potential Anticancer and Anti-HIV Agents." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 55, no. 5 (2000): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2000-0511.

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Several new pyridines, pyridones and pyrans fused to benzothiepine or benzoheptene ring were synthesized as potential anticancer and anti-HIV agents. The fused-ring pyridines 6. 7 and 17-19 were obtained via the reaction of the seven-membered ring ketones 1, 2 and 3 with an arylidene-malononitrile and by treatment of the ylidenemalononitriles 14, 15 and 16 with aromatic aldehydes, respectively. The corresponding pyridones 11, 12 and 13 were prepared from the ketones 1, 2 and 3 and arylmethylenecyanoacetamide. The synthesis of the fused-ring pyranes 8 and 9 involved the condensation of the keto

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23

Cruz, Silvia, and Jaime Portilla. "Pyrazolopyridines and Pyrazolopyrimidines as Functional Dipolar Scaffolds: An Approach Regarding Synthesis and Photophysics." Chemistry 7, no. 4 (2025): 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7040106.

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Pyrazolopyridines and pyrazolopyrimidines are 5:6 aza-fused N-heteroaromatic compounds (NHACs) comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a pyridine or pyrimidine ring. They exhibit dipolar behavior due to their π-excessive and π-deficient characteristics conferred by their five- and six-membered rings. These features favor their stability, reactivity, and structural diversity, offering numerous modular and functional derivatives (e.g., pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridines, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, etc.). They have been utilized to obtain relevant chemicals in pharmaceuticals, photophysics, industry, and mate

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24

Zhang, Yuhao, Feng Peng, Ruifeng He, Lei Ying, Wei Yang, and Yong Cao. "Synthesis and properties of five ring fused aromatic compounds based on S,S-dioxide benzothiophene." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 4 (2018): 2750–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj04306f.

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25

Wu, Jun, Fa-Bao Li, Xiao-Feng Zhang, Ji-Long Shi, and Li Liu. "TsOH-mediated reaction of aziridinofullerene with diols for the preparation of fullerene-fused dioxygenated ring compounds." RSC Advances 5, no. 39 (2015): 30549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03751d.

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26

Yan, Chao, Xiujuan Qi, Kangcai Wang, et al. "Revisiting the reactive chemistry of FOX-7: cyclization of FOX-7 affords the fused-ring polynitro compounds." Chemical Communications 55, no. 24 (2019): 3497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc10178g.

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27

Banwell, Martin G. "New processes for the synthesis of biologically relevant heterocycles." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 4 (2008): 669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880040669.

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28

De, Asish, and Tarun Kanti Pradhan. "Synthesis of Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds Incorporating a Fused Thiophene Ring." HETEROCYCLES 65, no. 6 (2005): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/rev-04-595.

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29

Shi, Haoxin, Zhongyi Wang, and Haijian Shi. "Synthesis of chiral fused heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2,4-triazole ring." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 38, no. 2 (2001): 355–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.5570380206.

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30

Ramesh, C. Kamboj, Thakur Mandeep, Arora Rita, Berar Surinder, Berar Urmila, and C. Gupta Satish. "Synthesis of spirocyclic compounds : A photochemical approach." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 86, Apr 2009 (2009): 388–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5809980.

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Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136 119, Haryana, India <em>E-mail </em>: rckamboj@rediffmail.com     Fax: 91-1744-238277 <em>Manuscript received 18 August 2008, accepted 12 November 2008</em> The phototransformations of 2-thienyl-3-cycloalkenyloxy benzopyrans in benzene lead to fused spirocyclic compounds bearing thiophene ring system.

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31

Sousa, Joana L. C., Hélio M. T. Albuquerque, Armando J. D. Silvestre, and Artur M. S. Silva. "Decoration of A-Ring of a Lupane-Type Triterpenoid with Different Oxygen and Nitrogen Heterocycles." Molecules 27, no. 15 (2022): 4904. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154904.

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Betulinic acid (BA) was used as starting building block to create a library of novel BA-derived compounds containing O- and N-heterocycles. Firstly, BA was converted into methyl betulonate (BoOMe), which was used as intermediate in the developed methodologies. 1,2-Oxazine-fused BoOMe compounds were obtained in 12–25% global yields through a Michael addition of nitromethane to methyl (E)-2-benzylidenebetulonate derivatives, followed by nitro group reduction and intramolecular cyclization. Remarkably, the triterpene acts as a diastereoselective inducer in the conjugate addition of nitromethane,

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32

Feng, Shangbiao, Ping Yin, Chunlin He, Siping Pang, and Jean'ne M. Shreeve. "Tunable Dimroth rearrangement of versatile 1,2,3-triazoles towards high-performance energetic materials." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 20 (2021): 12291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta00109d.

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A highly efficient strategy of two different types of nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic compounds, featuring a single NH-bridge (–NH–) and a fused ring, was demonstrated by virtue of Dimroth rearrangement reactions.

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33

Andersonmckay, J., GP Savage, and GW Simpson. "Molybdenum Hexacarbonyl Promoted Ring-Opening of Hydroxyimino Isoxazoles: Unexpected Pyrazole Formation." Australian Journal of Chemistry 49, no. 1 (1996): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9960163.

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Fused isoxazoles underwent reductive ring-opening in the presence of molybdenum hexacarbonyl to give the corresponding β-disubstituted compounds. 3,6,6-Trimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1,2-benzisoxazol-4(5H)-one oxime underwent reductive ring-opening in the presence of molybdenum hexacarbonyl to give 3,6,6-trimethyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-indazol-4(5H)-one. A mechanism is proposed.

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34

Das, Jonali, and Sajal Kumar Das. "Regioselectivity of the S_EAr-based cyclizations and S_EAr-terminated annulations of 3,5-unsubstituted, 4-substituted indoles." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 18 (March 8, 2022): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.18.33.

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Indole-3,4- and 4,5-fused carbo- and heterocycles are ubiquitous in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals, and hence, a variety of synthetic approaches toward such compounds have been developed. Among these, cyclization and annulation of 3,5-unsubstituted, 4-substituted indoles involving an electrophilic aromatic substitution (SEAr) as the ring closure are particularly attractive, because they avoid the use of 3,4- or 4,5-difunctionalized indoles as starting materials. However, since 3,5-unsubstituted, 4-substituted indoles have two potential ring-closure sites (indole C3 and C5 posit

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35

Adams, Jeramie J., Joseph F. Rovani, Jean-Pascal Planche, et al. "SAR-AD Method to Characterize Eight SARA Fractions in Various Vacuum Residues and Follow Their Transformations Occurring during Hydrocracking and Pyrolysis." Processes 11, no. 4 (2023): 1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11041220.

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Model compounds were used to provide some chemical boundaries for the eight-fraction SAR-ADTM characterization method for heavy oils. It was found that the Saturates fraction consists of linear and highly cyclic alkanes; the Aro-1 fraction consists of molecules with a single aromatic ring; the Aro-2 fraction consists of mostly 2 and 3-ring fused aromatic molecules, the pericondensed 4-ring molecule pyrene, and molecules with 3–5 rings that are not fused; and the Aro-3 fraction consists of 4-membered linear and catacondensed aromatics, larger pericondensed aromatics, and large polycyclic aromat

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36

Ai, Liankun, Ibrahim Yusuf Ajibola, and Baolin Li. "Copper-mediated construction of benzothieno[3,2-b]benzofurans by intramolecular dehydrogenative C–O coupling reaction." RSC Advances 11, no. 57 (2021): 36305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra06985c.

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The construction of benzothieno[3,2-b]benzofurans via novel dehydrogenative C–H/O–H coupling reaction has been developed with excellent yields. Furthermore, three-to-six fused ring thienofuran compounds could be constructed.

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37

Umehara, Misao, Shinzaburo Hishida, Satoshi Okumoto, Shigeru Ohba, Masatoki Ito, and Yoshihiko Saito. "Studies on 5-8 Fused Ring Compounds. IV. The Syntheses of 5-8-5 Fused Ring Compounds and the Conformations of Their Eight-Membered Rings." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 60, no. 12 (1987): 4474–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.60.4474.

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38

Mironov, Andrey F., Michael A. Grin, Alexander G. Tsiprovskiy, et al. "New bacteriochlorin derivatives with a fused N-aminoimide ring." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 07, no. 11 (2003): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424603000902.

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Upon interaction of hydrazine hydrate with bacteriopurpurin, the initially formed monohydrazide in an acidic medium readily reacts with the second carboxyl group to give a six-membered N-aminocycloimide of bacteriochlorin p6. The free amino group at the fused imide ring makes it easy to obtain N-alkyl and N-acyl derivatives. The compounds thus obtained exhibit high light-induced cytotoxicity on A549 human adenocarcinoma cells.

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39

Foldesi, Tamas, Balazs Volk, and Matyas Milen. "A Review of 2,3-Benzodiazepine-related Compounds: Diazepines and 1,2,5- Triazepines Fused with Five-membered Nitrogen Heterocycles." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 6 (2018): 729–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179415666180601101856.

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Background: 2,3-Benzodiazepines represent an important class of biologically active compounds, some members of this family have reached the human clinical stage. With formal bioisosteric replacement of the benzene ring to five-membered nitrogen heterocycles, several new diazepine and 1,2,5-triazepine derivatives have been synthesized in the past 30 years. Objective: Investigations in the field of heterocyclic chemistry is very important, because there could be several new medicines among the newly synthesized heterocyclic ring systems, which could be used against several diseases which have no

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40

Malik, Muhammad, Kevin R. Marks, Heidi A. Schwanz, Nadezhda German, Karl Drlica, and Robert J. Kerns. "Effect of N-1/C-8 Ring Fusion and C-7 Ring Structure on Fluoroquinolone Lethality." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 12 (2010): 5214–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01054-10.

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ABSTRACT Quinolones rapidly kill bacteria by two mechanisms, one that requires protein synthesis and one that does not. The latter, which is measured as lethal action in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor chloramphenicol, is enhanced by N-1 cyclopropyl and C-8 methoxy substituents, as seen with the highly lethal compound PD161144. In some compounds, such as levofloxacin, the N-1 and C-8 substituents are fused. To assess the effect of ring fusion on killing, structural derivatives of levofloxacin and PD161144 differing at C-7 were synthesized and examined with Escherichia coli. A f

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41

Farghaly, Thoraya A., Sobhi M. Gomha, Kamal M. Dawood, and Mohamed R. Shaaban. "Synthetic routes to benzosuberone-based fused- and spiro-heterocyclic ring systems." RSC Advances 6, no. 22 (2016): 17955–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26474j.

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Benzosuberones are an important class of medicinal and pharmaceutical compounds and have recently attracted considerable attention. The present review highlights the progress in the synthesis of benzosuberones and their fused and spiro ring systems up to 2015.

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42

S, Priyanka. "Recent advances in Synthesis & Pharmacotherapeutic potential of Benzothiazoles." Der Pharma Chemica 14, no. 1 (2022): 2. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13353756.

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Isoquinoline is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ring. In a broader sense, the term isoquinoline is used to make reference to isoquinoline derivatives. 1-Benzylisoquinoline is the structural backbone in naturally occurring alkaloids including papaverine. The isoquinoline ring in these natural compounds derives from the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.

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43

Kaliraj, S., and Muthu K. Kathiravan. "Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Fused Condensed Thienopyrimdines Derivatives." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 2 (2020): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666180808124802.

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Background: Cancer is a major health problem acting as a global killer and one of the leading causes of death. Most cancer chemotherapeutic drugs currently in clinical use are to kill malignant tumour cells by inhibiting some of the mechanisms implied in cellular division. Thienopyrimidines occupy a special position among the fused pyrimidines, along with other pyrimidines containing an annelated five membered hetero aromatic ring; forms a significant class of drugs which exhibit an array of various biological activities. One of the important current anticancer agent gefitinib acts as tyrosine

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44

Krutošíková, Alžbeta. "Synthesis and reactions of condensed furan derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 55, no. 3 (1990): 597–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19900597.

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Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds containing a fused furan ring was studied. Substitution, addition and cycloaddition reactions of furo[3,2-b]pyrroles and their condensed derivatives involving the interesting transformations of furo[3,2-b]pyrrole system are presented.

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V., Muralidharan, Asha Deepti C., and Raja S. "A REVIEW ON ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF SUBSTITUTED PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES SYNTHESISED FROM CHALCONES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i2.23772.

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The pyrazoline ring is a ubiquitous structural feature of many natural and synthetic compounds with potent anti-inflammatory activity. The creation of novel pyrazoline derivatives and examination of their chemical and biological behaviour have gained additional focus in the current decade. Pyrazolines and its fused heterocyclic derivatives tested with anti-inflammatory activity constitute a significant class of compounds for novel drug evolution. Pyrazoline nucleus when linked with different substituents like alkyl, aromatic, heterocyclic rings and many other groups at different positions on t

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Uhliar, Matej, Ján Matúška, and Denisa Mastiľák Cagardová. "Impact of molecular chain length on polarizabilities of model acenes and oligomers." Acta Chimica Slovaca 15, no. 1 (2022): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acs-2022-0013.

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Abstract A systematic quantum chemical study of model linear oligomers and their ring-fused (condensed) analogues based on six-membered and five-membered aromatic units is presented. Static electric polarizabilities were calculated for optimal geometries. The dependence of electronic and vibrational polarizability contributions on the molecular size was discussed and polymer limits were estimated. The presence of a diradical electronic structure in fused six-membered compounds significantly increases the polarizability values.

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47

van Otterlo, Willem A. L., E. Lindani Ngidi, E. Mabel Coyanis, and Charles B. de Koning. "Ring-closing metathesis for the synthesis of benzo-fused bicyclic compounds." Tetrahedron Letters 44, no. 2 (2003): 311–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02522-4.

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Bertamino, Alessia, Gianluigi Lauro, Carmine Ostacolo та ін. "Ring-Fused Cyclic Aminals from Tetrahydro-β-carboline-Based Dipeptide Compounds". Journal of Organic Chemistry 82, № 23 (2017): 12014–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b01656.

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Chande, Madhukar S., and Ravindra M. Joshi. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fused Ring and Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds." ChemInform 30, no. 31 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199931053.

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CLIVE, D. L. J., H. W. MANNING, and T. L. B. BOIVIN. "ChemInform Abstract: Construction of trans-Ring-Fused Compounds by Radical Cyclization." ChemInform 22, no. 3 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199103087.

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