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Journal articles on the topic 'Gamma detectors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lukashevich, R. V., та G. A. Fokov. "Calculation of the Effective Energy Release Centerʼs Position of Inorganic Scintillation Detectors for Calibration at Small “Source–Detector” Distances". Devices and Methods of Measurements 12, № 3 (2021): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2021-12-3-239-248.

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Inorganic scintillation detectors are widely used to measure of dose rate in the environment due to their high sensitivity to photon radiation. A distinctive feature when using such detectors is the need to take into account of the position of the effective energy release center. This peculiarity is actual when using measuring instruments with inorganic scintillation detectors as working standards during calibration at short “source–detector” distances in conditions of low-background shield or using a facility with protection from external gamma radiation background in the dose rate range from

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2

Ulugbek, Ashrapov, Sadikov Ilkham, Bozorov Erkin, Kamilov Ismatilla, Kroshkin Evgeny, and Nesterov Valery. "Development of Gamma Flaw Detectors for Non-Destructive Testing." International Journal of Physics Research and Applications 6, no. 2 (2023): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.ijpra.1001070.

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The radiographic method of control is implemented by a set of control tools in the form of gamma flaw detectors, which are distinguished by: mobility, reliability, radiation safety, adaptability to a wide climatic range, ease of operation, and the ability to control products with small and large radiation thicknesses. The paper describes portable gamma flaw detectors manufactured by JSC NIITFA: Gammarid 2010R, UNIGAM R, Stapel-5 Se75 Ir192, Stapel-5 Se75W, gamma flaw detector γ-RID-75/80R and stationary gamma flaw detectors RID K-100 and RID K-400. Also paper describes a brief technology for t

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Alhamd, M. W., Sadeq Naeem Atiyah, Firas Taqi Almusawi, and Mazen Katea Al-Gharrawy. "Gamma Ray Spectrum by Software Methods for Radioactive Waste." Iraqi Journal of Industrial Research 10, no. 3 (2023): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53523/ijoirvol10i3id323.

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The requirements of NTD (Neglected Tropical Diseases) and technological regulations for the operation of NPP (Nuclear Power Plant) power units (NP-001-97 (OPB-88/97), NP-082-07) define the requirements for monitoring the specific activity of iodine-131 (the amount of iodine) in the NPP primary circuit coolants. The advantages of laboratory control include accuracy of measurement and the radionuclide composition of the primary coolant, measured using high-precision laboratory equipment. Instrumental spectra were obtained for the detection units BDKG-205m with various options for the placement o

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4

Bala, A., D. G. Jenkins, and S. Namadi. "Radiation detectors for nuclear well-logging application: A review." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 8, no. 2a (2022): 80–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v8i2a.9.

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The oil and gas industry uses nuclear logging method to survey for the presence of hydrocarbons in a given region of interest. Nuclear logging tools are used to achieve this aim. These tools consist of radiation sources and radiation detectors. 3He thermal neutron detector and NaI:Tl for gamma-ray measurements are the conventional detectors used for this application. However, the shortage of 3He gas used in 3He tube and the high demand for both detectors in many other societal applications has mandated the search for alternative radiation detectors. This paper reviewed other alternatives that

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Sinha, Dipak. "Gamma Irradiation Effects on Track Properties of PADC-American Acrylics Track Detector." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 4 (2012): 2226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/914579.

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Gamma irradiation effects on track properties of Polyallyl Diglycol Carbonate (PADC) track detector (PADC-American Acrylics) are studied in the dose range of 101-106Gy. It is observed that due to gamma exposure the bulk and track-etch rates of the detector increases. This increase in both etch-rates is more pronounced in post gamma exposed PADC detectors. The etch-rate ratio (S) for both pre and post-gamma exposed detectors decreases with increasing etching temperature at the dose of 106Gy. At a higher etching temperature of 70ºC, the etch rates ratio becomes almost equal for post gamma expose

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Kanashov, Boris, Valery Smirnov, Vladimir Kadilin, et al. "Capabilities of gamma-spectrometry methods for on-line monitoring of nitride SNF pyrochemical reprocessing." Nuclear Energy and Technology 4, no. 3 (2018): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.4.31865.

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The paper reports the first test results for detectors of various types and equipment of gamma-spectrometry channels under external radiation originating from pyrochemical reprocessing of spent mixed nitride uranium-plutonium (MNUP) fuel. Testing was carried out on a solid-state detector with a CdZnTe crystal, a scintillation detector with a LaBr3crystal, and an ionization chamber based on compressed xenon. Simulated external gamma-radiation was created by means of a Co-based scattered gamma-radiation source. The paper also describes an experimental facility and a measurement technique, and pr

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Kanashov, Boris A., Valery P. Smirnov, Vladimir V. Kadilin, et al. "Capabilities of gamma-spectrometry methods for on-line monitoring of nitride SNF pyrochemical reprocessing." Nuclear Energy and Technology 4, no. (3) (2018): 211–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/nucet.4.31865.

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The paper reports the first test results for detectors of various types and equipment of gamma-spectrometry channels under external radiation originating from pyrochemical reprocessing of spent mixed nitride uranium-plutonium (MNUP) fuel. Testing was carried out on a solid-state detector with a CdZnTe crystal, a scintillation detector with a LaBr<sub>3</sub>crystal, and an ionization chamber based on compressed xenon. Simulated external gamma-radiation was created by means of a Co-based scattered gamma-radiation source. The paper also describes an experimental facility and a measurement techni

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Sina, Sedigheh, Zahra Molaeimanesh, Mehrnoosh Karimipoorfard, Zeinab Shafahi, Maryam Papie, and Mohammad Amin Nazari Jahromi. "Evaluation of virtual point detector, for HPGe spectrometers of different sizes, using Monte Carlo simulations, and artificial neural networks." Scientific Research Journal 17, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v17i1.6325.

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The virtual point detector concept is a useful concept in gamma ray spectroscopy. In this study, the virtual point detector, h0, was obtained for HPGe detectors of different sizes using MCNP5 Monte Carlo simulations. The HPGe detectors with different radii (rd), and height (hd), having Aluminum, or Carbon windows, were simulated. A point photon source emitting several gammas with certain energies was defined at distance x of the detectors. The pulse height distribution was scored using F8 tally. Finally, artificial neural network was used for predicting the h0 values for every value of hd, rd,

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Sina, Sedigheh, Zahra Molaeimanesh, Mehrnoosh Karimipoorfard, Zeinab Shafahi, Maryam Papie, and Mohammad Amin Nazari Jahromi. "Evaluation of Virtual Point Detector for High Purity Germanium (Hpge) Detector, using Monte Carlo Simulations, and Artificial -Neural Networks." Scientific Research Journal 17, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v17i1.9345.

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The virtual point detector concept is useful in gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this study, the virtual point detector, h0, was obtained for High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors of different sizes using MCNP5 Monte Carlo simulations. The HPGe detectors with different radii (rd), and height (hd), having aluminum, or Carbon windows, were simulated. A point photon source emitting several gammas with specific energies was defined at a distance x of the detectors. The pulse height distribution was scored using F8 tally. Finally, the artificial neural network was used for predicting the h0 values for e

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10

Darby, F. B., O. Pakari, M. Y. Hua, et al. "Investigation of organic scintillators for neutron-gamma noise measurements in a zero power reactor." EPJ Web of Conferences 288 (2023): 04015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328804015.

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Noise measurements in light water reactor systems aid in generating validation data for integral point kinetic parameter predictions and monitoring parameters for reactor safety and safeguards. The CROCUS zero-power reactor has been used to produce both data types to date, using thermal neutron detectors to observe neutron noise and inorganic scintillators to observe gamma noise. Also, the cross-correlation of gamma and neutron noise has been investigated at CROCUS with separate gamma and neutron detectors. Organic scintillators can be used to cross-correlate gamma and neutron noise with only

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Thabet, Abouzeid, Aleksandar Dlabac, Slobodan Jovanovic, et al. "Experimental verification of gamma-efficiency calculations for scintillation detectors in ANGLE 4 software." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 30, no. 1 (2015): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1501035t.

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ANGLE software for semiconductor detector efficiency calculations - long existing and widely accepted tool in quantitative gamma spectrometry - has been recently extended to scintillation NaI detectors. The extension features in the latest edition (ANGLE 4) and it is briefly outlined. Discretization of reference efficiency curve, meaning possibility of using ANGLE 4 for particular gamma energies without constructing the complete reference efficiency curve, is particularly emphasized. This yields both in enhanced practicality and higher accuracy, while reducing the potential for systematic erro

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Bernat, Robert, Ivana Capan, Luka Bakrač, et al. "Response of 4H-SiC Detectors to Ionizing Particles." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010010.

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We report the response of newly designed 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diode (SBD) detector prototype to alpha and gamma radiation. We studied detectors of three different active area sizes (1 × 1, 2 × 2 and 3 × 3 mm2), while all detectors had the same 4H-SiC epi-layer thickness of approximately µm, sufficient to stop alpha particles up to 6.8 MeV, which have been used in this study. The detector response to the various alpha emitters in the 3.27 MeV to 8.79 MeV energy range clearly demonstrates the excellent linear response to alpha emissions of the detectors with the increasing active area. The de

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13

Bazhin, S. Yu, E. N. Shleenkova, and V. Yu Bogatyreva. "Conservative assessment of external radiation dose for staff in the event of radionuclide flaw detection." Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene 17, no. 2 (2024): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21514/1998-426x-2023-17-2-76-85.

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The article proposes a new approach to assessing the effective doses of flaw detectorists performing flaw detection using portable radionuclide flaw detectors (gamma flaw detectors). The existing approach to assessing effective doses, based on the use of one individual dosimeter placed on work clothes in the chest area, is inadequate for the actual working conditions of exposure of flaw detectorists. Gamma flaw detectors contain a closed man-made source of ionizing radiation in their head, therefore, even in the non-working position, such flaw detectors pose a radiation hazard. When transporti

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14

Taylor, David, Victor Orphan, Eric Ackermann, et al. "Recent developments in high-resolution-gamma-ray cargo-inspection technology." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 48 (January 2018): 1860109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194518601096.

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Under US Department of Homeland Security sponsorship, Spectral Labs Incorporated has developed a prototype high-resolution retrofit for an existing mobile VACIS, named the High-Resolution Imaging System (HiRIS). The legacy 256 NaI detectors in the VACIS detector column were replaced with 576 CsI detectors, more than doubling the pixel count. Using SiPMs to replace conventional PMTs allowed the packing of more detectors in the same VACIS detector enclosure. Legacy analog signal-processing electronics were replaced with advanced digital signal-processing electronics. Replacing gross counting in

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ARKHANGELSKAJA, IRENE V., ANDREY I. ARKHANGELSKY, ALEXEY G. BATISCHEV, ARKADY M. GALPER, NATALYA V. KONDRATYEVA, and PETR YU NAUMOV. "THE APPLICATION OF THE BrilLanCe SERIES SCINTILLATION DETECTOR IN THE SPECTROMETER OF NEUTRAL PARTICLES FOR THE SATELLITE EXPERIMENT ZINA-NT." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 12 (January 2012): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019451200623x.

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Spectrometric detector complex ZINA-NT is intended to study a radiation conditions onboard satellite and characteristics of hard X-ray and gamma-ray fluxes from GRB, solar flares and to detect other non-stationary fluxes of cosmic gamma-rays. The advantages for using of this new detector for modification of present neutral particles detector on the base of CsI(Tl) are discussed. Scintillation detectors based on BrilLanCe series crystal have got very small lighting time, an excellent energy resolution and light output, more intensive than devices based on CsI(Tl). Using of BrilLanCe series crys

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Makek, Mihael, Damir Bosnar, and Luka Pavelić. "Scintillator Pixel Detectors for Measurement of Compton Scattering." Condensed Matter 4, no. 1 (2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4010024.

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The Compton scattering of gamma rays is commonly detected using two detector layers, the first for detection of the recoil electron and the second for the scattered gamma. We have assembled detector modules consisting of scintillation pixels, which are able to detect and reconstruct the Compton scattering of gammas with only one readout layer. This substantially reduces the number of electronic channels and opens the possibility to construct cost-efficient Compton scattering detectors for various applications such as medical imaging, environment monitoring, or fundamental research. A module co

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Bukartas, Antanas, Jonas Wallin, Robert Finck, and Christopher Rääf. "Bayesian algorithm to estimate position and activity of an orphan gamma source utilizing multiple detectors in a mobile gamma spectrometry system." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245440.

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To avoid harm to the public and the environment, lost ionizing radiation sources must be found and brought back under the regulatory control as soon as possible. Usually, mobile gamma spectrometry systems are used in such search missions. It is possible to estimate the position and activity of point gamma sources by performing Bayesian inference on the measurement data. The aim of this study was to theoretically investigate the improvements in the Bayesian estimations of the position and activity of a point gamma source due to introduction of data from multiple detectors with angular variation

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18

Yeboah, E., G. A. Yakovlev, S. V. Smirnov, and V. S. Yakovleva. "Radioactive source strength effect on gamma radiation monitoring with a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 05 (2022): P05041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/05/p05041.

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Abstract The accurate monitoring of gamma radiation doses in the environment has become essential due to its effect on human health. In this study, the temperature dependence of NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors based on the daily/annually measured dose rate in the environment as well as the importance of selecting the appropriate radioactive source strength when calibrating NaI (Tl) detectors for gamma radiation monitoring were investigated. The temperature correction coefficients discovered during the calibration of the BDKG-03 detector by Atomtex were verified, and whether the time duration

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Li, Y., P. Gong, X. Tang, et al. "DOI correction for gamma ray energy reconstruction based on energy segment in 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 03 (2022): T03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/03/t03004.

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Abstract The amplitude of the induced signal in 3D CdZnTe detector depends on the depth of interaction (DOI). Therefore, calibrating the detector by using DOI correction technology plays a crucial role in improving the energy resolution of the detectors to gamma rays. The current DOI correction method focuses on the single energy gamma rays, and its application to multiple energy gamma-rays are not found. In this study, we propose an improved energy correction algorithm with excellent correction results in the multiple energy gamma-ray detection. In the experiment, the DOI correction factors o

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Khurelbaatar, Luvsanbat. "RAD01: Development of a NUMTEK RAD01 Low-Cost, Portable Digital Gamma Radiation Detector." Физик сэтгүүл 35, no. 594 (2024): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/physics.v35i594.6806.

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Additive manufacturing and open-source affordable instruction provide equal opportunities. Therefore, it is possible to quickly, compactly, and cheaply make expensive, scarce, and large devices in the previous century. The Geiger-Muller tube is used for the primary sensing component proposed and incorporates digital signal processing to ensure accurate and reliable measurement of gamma radiation. The performance of the developed detector is evaluated through experimental testing and comparisons with commercially available radiation detection devices. The results demonstrate the detector's abil

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Finocchiaro, Paolo, Luigi Cosentino, Quentin Ducasse, et al. "The gamma and neutron monitor counters for the MICADO project." EPJ Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 08002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125308002.

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In the framework of the MICADO (Measurement and Instrumentation for Cleaning And Decommissioning Operations) European Union (EU) project, aimed at the full digitization of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste (radwaste) management, a set of 32 solid state thermal neutron detectors, named SiLiF, and 36 gamma-ray counters based on a scintillating fiber readout at each end by a silicon photomultiplier, named SciFi, have been built and characterized. MICADO project encompasses a complete active and passive characterization of the radwaste drums with neutrons and gamma rays, followed by a l

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Xu, Shuyu, Zijun Yan, and Qingyang Wei. "A Survey of Crystals for SPECT Imaging." Crystals 14, no. 12 (2024): 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14121039.

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Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is an important nuclear medicine imaging tool for diagnosis and drug research. The gamma-ray detector is the core component of the SPECT system and influences the overall system performance. The detector crystals, which can be divided into scintillation crystals and semiconductor crystals, are among the main determinants of the detector’s performance. The development of these crystal materials plays an important role in improving SPECT imaging. This paper provides a survey of the technological development and applications of several crystals c

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Sagatova, A., N. Gal, A. Novak, et al. "GaAs radiation-degraded detectors: gamma spectrometry at lowered temperatures." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 12 (2022): C12018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/12/c12018.

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Abstract The GaAs detectors are radiation hard against a few MGy of high-energy (MeV) electrons. The main reason for detector functionality degradation is the reduction of their charge collection efficiency and together with reverse current increase these facts cause the drop of the signal to noise ratio down to close to 1, disabling detector functionality. In this paper, the lowering of detector temperature has improved the spectra of less ionizing particles, the 59.5 keV gamma rays, measured by semi-insulating GaAs pad detectors, which were first degraded by 8 MeV electrons with a dose of 20

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Jeon, Byoungil, Junha Kim, Eunjoong Lee, Myungkook Moon, and Gyuseong Cho. "Pseudo-Gamma Spectroscopy Based on Plastic Scintillation Detectors Using Multitask Learning." Sensors 21, no. 3 (2021): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030684.

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Although plastic scintillation detectors possess poor spectroscopic characteristics, they are extensively used in various fields for radiation measurement. Several methods have been proposed to facilitate their application of plastic scintillation detectors for spectroscopic measurement. However, most of these detectors can only be used for identifying radioisotopes. In this study, we present a multitask model for pseudo-gamma spectroscopy based on a plastic scintillation detector. A deep- learning model is implemented using multitask learning and trained through supervised learning. Eight gam

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Anagnostopoulou, Vasiliki, Marilia I. Savva, Theodora Vasilopoulou, Konstantina Mergia, Michael Kokkoris, and Ion E. Stamatelatos. "Compton Suppression System performance evaluation for measurement of VERDI activation detectors." HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics 29 (May 5, 2023): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5095.

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The VERDI detector was developed for accurate neutron measurements in the plasma-facing modules of a tokamak. It comprises a low activation capsule, capable to withstand the harsh conditions of the fusion environment, containing a defined mass of metallic foils. The neutron fluence and energy spectrum are derived by analysis of the gamma lines produced by neutron activation of the metallic elements. In this work, the use of a Compton Suppression System (CSS) is investigated aiming to enhance the sensitivity of VERDI detector analysis. The CSS consists of a 40% HPGe primary detector coupled to

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Danon, Yaron, Katelyn Keparutis, Ian Parker, and Devin Barry. "Thermal Neutron Induced Capture and Fission Gamma-Ray Emission Measurements and Simulation Methods." EPJ Web of Conferences 322 (2025): 08002. https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202532208002.

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In order to validate evaluated capture gamma-ray cascade data used in coupled neutron-photon transport simulations, measurements of thermal neutron induced capture were performed as a function of neutron time-of-flight (TOF). A large 16-segment NaI(Tl) gamma-ray multiplicity detector was used with a 14-bit digitizer to record event-by-event gamma-ray energy deposition. Histograms of the gamma-ray emission spectra in each of the detectors and coincidence spectra of all 16 detectors were generated for analysis. The spectra were produced by gating on specific TOF regions that correspond to either

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Loutchanski, Anatoli, Viktors Fjodorovs, Victor Ivanov, and Vadims Ogorodniks. "Application of CdZnTe Quasi-Hemispherical Detectors in Strong Gamma-Radiation Fields." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022507004.

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The results of a study of some ways to improve spectroscopy characteristics of the CdZnTe quasi-hemispherical detectors when working in high gamma radiation fluxes are presented. It was shown that the use of IR illumination with a wavelength of 1050 nm or 1200 nm or at slight warm-up of the detector to +30°C … +40°C can significantly improve spectroscopy performance of the CdZnTe detectors of size 3.5 mm × 3.5 mm × 1.75 mm when operating in a tested gamma-radiation field with a dose rate up to 590 mGy/h.

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Ruskov, Ivan, Yury Kopach, Vyacheslav Bystritsky, et al. "TANGRA multidetector systems for investigation of neutron-nuclear reactions at the JINR Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics." EPJ Web of Conferences 256 (2021): 00014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125600014.

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In the framework of TANGRA-project at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear research in Dubna (Russia), two experimental setups (Fig. 1) have been designed and tested for investigation of 14-MeV neutron-induced nuclear reactions on a number of important for nuclear science and engineering isotopes. As a source of 14-MeV “tagged” neutrons we are using the VNIIA ING-27 steady-state portable neutron generator with embedded in its vacuum tube 64-pixel charge-particle detector. The “Romashka” system is an array of up-to 24 hexagonal NaI(Tl)-crystal scintillation

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Sapkal, Jyotsna. "Assessment of etching and optical characteristic of an indigenously prepared poly allyl diglycol carbonate solid-state nuclear track detector material on gamma irradiation and its applicability in gamma dose measurements." Radiation Protection and Environment 47, no. 4 (2024): 224–28. https://doi.org/10.4103/rpe.rpe_45_24.

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Abstract Studies were conducted to assess the effects of high intensity γ radiation on the etching and optical parameters of an indigenously prepared polyallyl Diglycol carbonate (PADC) polymer by using well-known UV – Visible and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. Polycarbonate detectors were exposed to different gamma exposures ranging from 10 – 430 kGy using a pre calibrated 60Co gamma chamber. The bulk etch rates were estimated at different temperatures. The activation energy for the bulk etching of PADC material was determined for different doses. It is observed that the bulk etch rates incre

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Lee, I. Y. "Gamma-ray tracking detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 422, no. 1-3 (1999): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(98)01093-6.

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Bieberle, André, Rainer Hoffmann, Alexander Döß, Eckhard Schleicher, and Uwe Hampel. "Modular and Cost-Effective Computed Tomography Design." Sensors 24, no. 8 (2024): 2568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24082568.

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We present a modular and cost-effective gamma ray computed tomography system for multiphase flow investigations in industrial apparatuses. It mainly comprises a 137Cs isotopic source and an in-house-assembled detector arc, with a total of 16 scintillation detectors, offering a quantum efficiency of approximately 75% and an active area of 10 × 10 mm2 each. The detectors are operated in pulse mode to exclude scattered gamma photons from counting by using a dual-energy discrimination stage. Flexible application of the computed tomography system, i.e., for various object sizes and densities, is pr

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Pan, Yongyu, Fengzhao Shen, Qibin Fu, and Tuchen Huang. "A thermal neutron detection system based on boron-coated straw detector with prompt gamma coincidence." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 09 (2022): P09021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/09/p09021.

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Abstract Accurate measurement of the neutron flux is of crucial importance for rare event search experiments in underground laboratories. The intrinsic radioactive background of the detector becomes the limiting factor for the detection of extremely low neutron flux. In this study, a thermal neutron detection system aimed at low flux measurement was developed based on boron-coated straw (BCS) neutron detectors. The neutron events can be distinguished from the detector background by coincidence measurement of neutron and the prompt gamma ray. With state-of-the-art BCS neutron detectors and NaI(

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Pham, Dinh Khang, Tien Hung Dinh, Kim Chien Dinh, Van Hiep Cao, Xuan Hai Nguyen, and Ngoc Anh Nguyen. "Designing and setting up the scintillationdetector using CsI(Tl) crystals and avalanche photodiode for gamma-ray measurement." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, no. 3 (2021): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.63(3).46-49.

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Localization of the scintillation detectors manufacturing process has many benefits because of the high detection efficiency of the detectors, user-friendly, and consistent with general research objectives. Using a photodiode instead of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) allows saving energy, shortening the detector volume, and removing high voltage power supply and amplifier. The combination of CsI(Tl) scintillator, avalanche photodiode, charge sensitive preamplifier, wide range amplifier, and power supply system has been integrated into the detector. This study presents new results in manufacturin

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Andreev, Felix, Andriy Osipchuk, and Mykola Styervoyedov. "Selection of elements of the detector unit of the system for measuring the coordinates of gamma radiation sources." 50, no. 50 (June 29, 2021): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2304-6201-2021-50-02.

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The article considers the current problem of creating modern, effective and reliable systems for monitoring the radiation situation and the operational search for nuclear radioactive materials and radiation sources that have come out of regulated supervision. A promising method of non-destructive testing using semiconductor detectors of ionizing radiation is used for radiation-environmental monitoring, prevention of the consequences of nuclear smuggling and determination of coordinates of ionizing radiation sources. The method for determining the direction to pulsed and constant sources of gam

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Thabet, Abouzeid, Bohaysa Salem, and Mohamed Badawi. "Study of mathematical functions to fit detector efficiency curve in gamma ray energy range from 59.54 keV up to 1408.01 keV." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 36, no. 3 (2021): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp2103224t.

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Recently, there have been several significant improvements in the area of the radiation detection system and its instruments, especially those using scintillation or semiconductor gamma ray detectors. Scientists and technicians are interested in studying this progress, which can be useful for the detector's operation and its basic properties, such as energy, shape, and efficiency calibration. In this work, an extended study of various mathematical formulas was conducted to obtain the efficiency best-fitting function, that covers the measured values from low to high energy regions. They can be

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Saariokari, S., P. Dendooven, M. Laassiri, and J. E. Brücken. "Nuclear fuel imaging using position-sensitive detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 03 (2025): C03012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/03/c03012.

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Abstract We are evaluating the performance of a Passive Gamma Emission Tomography (PGET) device [1] equipped with 3D position-sensitive cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) gamma-ray detectors when used for inspecting spent nuclear fuel assemblies (SFAs). Before their disposal in a geological repository, SFAs undergo verification using the PGET device, which was developed under the guidance of the IAEA and approved by the IAEA for safeguards inspections. Recent advancements in imaging detector technology may offer a method to extend the capabilities of such devices beyond standard safeguards applicati

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Zhou, Hongchi, Fang Liu, Xin Yuan, Jun Wu, and Guanda Li. "Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2024 (April 3, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/5206668.

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We explored the nonlinear characteristics of energy resolution (ER) for the sealed NaI (Tl) scintillator detector by using a gamma-ray spectroscopy system and Monte Carlo simulation. Our research focused on the two primary factors of energy resolution including the photomultiplier tube (PMT) voltage and the distance between the gamma-ray sources (137Cs and 60Co) and the scintillator detector. The experimental results showed that energy resolution decreased when the PMT voltage increased, and the energy resolution of NaI (Tl) detectors reached a smaller value (6.92%, 6.76%, and 6.56%), especial

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Agarwal, Apar, Souvik Chattopadhay, Pawan Kumar Sharma, et al. "Testing a large size triple GEM detector for the first station of the CBM-Muon Chambers with a high-intensity gamma source at GIF++ under large-area illumination." Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 04 (2025): P04022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/04/p04022.

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Abstract The physics studies at heavy-ion nucleus-nucleus collision experiments demand reliable detectors at high particle flux. Therefore, Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) detectors, which show resilience to extreme radiation, are one of the prime choices for the upcoming Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research, Germany. However, operating them under these demanding conditions requires a systemic study at the highest incident particle flux. To this end, we have conducted extensive tests on a real-size triple GEM detector module with the high-in

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Grigoryev, A. N. "Alpha-, beta-, gamma-radiometric measurements using semiconductor detectors." Functional materials 21, no. 3 (2014): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm21.03.352.

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Dreyzin, Valeriy, Dmitriy Logvinov, Aleksandr Grimov, and Aleksandr Kuz'menko. "Investigation and Suppression of the Sensitivity of Neutron Scintillation Detectors to Gamma Radiation." ANRI, no. 4 (November 20, 2022): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37414/2075-1338-2022-111-4-22-32.

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The article continues the consideration of the main problems arising in the development of a real-time multi-detector neutron spectrometer. In previous articles [1,2], possible ways of forming the spectral characteristics of polystyrene scintillation neutron detectors and the results of their calculation using the GEANT-4 modeling software library [1] and restoring the absolute values of the spectral components of the measured neutron flux from their normalized values determined with using a pretrained neural network based on the responses of detectors used in the spectrometer with different s

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Capra, S., G. Secci, B. Million, et al. "N3G project: front-end electronics and mechanical advances." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 01 (2024): C01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/01/c01011.

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Abstract The higher counting-rate and radiation hardness required by modern gamma spectroscopy experiments highlight the need for a new generation of High-Purity Germanium detectors based on electrons-collecting electrodes. To achieve this goal, new doping technologies are required. The one studied by the N3G (Next Generation Germanium Gamma detectors) project is the Pulsed Laser Melting. Besides the development of innovative segmented High-Purity Germanium crystals, the project is also aimed at developing a detector case complete of contact structures and front-end electronics. A specific int

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Toropov, Anatoliy, Sergey Starodubtsev, Vladimir Kozlov, and Juriy Balabin. "Variations of gamma-ray during thunderstorm by observations in Yakutsk." E3S Web of Conferences 196 (2020): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019601012.

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The paper presents the results of a study of the increase in the gamma background in the surface layer of the atmosphere during near thunderstorms in Yakutsk (based on the Cosmic Ray Spectrograph of the IKFIA SB RAS). To register the gamma background, scintillation detectors based on NaI (Tl) crystals with a size of 63mm x 63mm are used. The range of measured energies is 20-1900 keV. The detectors are closed from the sides and bottom with lead (5 cm) and placed in thermoboxes with a glass window. The detector is located on the roof of the Cosmic Ray Spectrograph building in Yakutsk. Also, sync

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Trovato, Gabriele, Alessandro Meli, Annamaria Muoio та ін. "250 μm Thick Detectors for Neutron Detection: Design, Electrical Characteristics, and Detector Performances". Key Engineering Materials 984 (22 серпня 2024): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-4ptpcd.

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Solid State Detectors (SSD) are crucial for fast neutron detection and spectroscopy in tokamaks due to their solid structure, neutron-gamma discrimination, and magnetic field resistance. They provide high energy resolutions without external conversion stages, enabling compact array installations in the harsh environment of a tokamak. Research comparing diamond and 4H-SiC detectors highlights thickness as a key efficiency factor. A 250 μm SiC epilayer with low doping, grown using a high-growth-rate process, exhibits sharp interfaces and minimal defects, essential for neutron detectors. The stud

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Pudov, A. O., S. A. Sokolov, A. S. Abyzov, A. V. Rybka, and V. E. Kutny. "Digital FPGA-based processing of pulses of gas-filled gamma-radiation detector for acoustic noise suppression." Технология и конструирование в электронной аппаратуре, no. 1-3 (2022): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15222/tkea2022.1-3.44.

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Gas-filled proportional detectors of ionizing radiation often contain such elements as thin anode wire, which make them sensitive to external acoustic or vibrational impact. This study investigates such sensitivity for the case of the proportional -radiation detectors filled with high-purity xenon gas. The detector demonstrates a dependence of its signal noise on the external acoustic wave frequency, the character of which most likely depends on the design of the detector, i.e. on such parameters as diameter and tension strength of the anode wire, etc. To suppress the negative impact of acous

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Lowdon, Matthew, Peter G. Martin, M. W. J. Hubbard, et al. "Evaluation of Scintillator Detection Materials for Application within Airborne Environmental Radiation Monitoring." Sensors 19, no. 18 (2019): 3828. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183828.

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In response to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, there has occurred the unabated growth in the number of airborne platforms developed to perform radiation mapping—each utilising various designs of a low-altitude uncrewed aerial vehicle. Alongside the associated advancements in the airborne system transporting the radiation detection payload, from the earliest radiological analyses performed using gas-filled Geiger-Muller tube detectors, modern radiation detection and mapping platforms are now based near-exclusively on solid-state scintillator detectors. With numerous varietie

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LAUER, ROBERT J. "GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY WITH THE HAWC OBSERVATORY." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 28 (January 2014): 1460185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514601859.

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The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory is a wide field-of-view gamma-ray detector, sensitive to primary energies between 50 GeV and 100 TeV. The array is being built at an altitude of 4,100 m on the Sierra Negra volcano in Puebla, Mexico. With a duty cycle close to 100% and a daily coverage of ~ 8 sr of the sky above it, HAWC is ideally suited to detect bright transient events at TeV energies such as gamma-ray bursts or flares from active galactic nuclei. The array will provide an unbiased survey of gamma-ray sources at energies above 100 GeV and probe the origins of astrophysica

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Aly, R. "Longevity study on the CMS resistive plate chambers for HL-LHC." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 08 (2022): C08008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/c08008.

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Abstract The CMS Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) system has been certified for 10 years of LHC operation. In the next years, during the High luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, the LHC instantaneous luminosity will increase to a factor five more than the existing LHC luminosity. This will subject the present CMS RPC system to background rates and operating conditions much higher with respect to those for which the detectors have been designed. Those conditions could affect the detector properties and introduce nonrecoverable aging effects. A dedicated longevity test is set up in the CERN Gamma Irradi

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Halzen, Francis, and Uli Katz. "The Era of Kilometer-Scale Neutrino Detectors." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/680584.

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Neutrino astronomy beyond the Sun was first imagined in the late 1950s; by the 1970s, it was realized that kilometer-scale neutrino detectors were required. The first such instrument, IceCube, transforms a cubic kilometer of deep and ultra-transparent Antarctic ice into a particle detector. KM3NeT, an instrument that aims to exploit several cubic kilometers of the deep Mediterranean sea as its detector medium, is in its final design stages. The scientific missions of these instruments include searching for sources of cosmic rays and for dark matter, observing Galactic supernova explosions, and

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Kondrik, Alexandr I. "Degradation Mechanisms of the Detector Properties of CdTe and CdZnTe Under the Influence of Gamma Irradiation." 3, no. 3 (September 28, 2021): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2021-3-18.

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This work is devoted to the study of the mechanisms of the influence of radiation defects, arising under the influence of gamma irradiation, on the change in resistivity ρ, lifetime of nonequilibrium electrons τn and holes τp, in CdTe:Cl and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te as well as the collection efficiency η of uncooled radiation detectors based on these materials, by computer simulation method. Radiation defects, that are corresponded by deep energy levels in the band gap, act as trapping centers of nonequilibrium charge carriers, noticeably affect the degree of compensation by changing ρ of the detector mat

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Sarasti-Zambonino, Sebastián, Tania Barahona, and Santos Roque. "Simulation of a HPGe Detector with GEANT4." Revista Politécnica 50, no. 2 (2022): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33333/rp.vol50n2.01.

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Gamma spectroscopy is an analytic technique that identifies isotopes through gamma rays. Currently, gamma spectroscopy is widely used in several science fields, for instance, the study of the hydrodynamics of soils and other applications. Considering the development of computers, it has been developed Monte-Carlo simulation packages, in order to estimate the response of gamma spectroscopy detectors. This work aims to develop a GEANT4 application to estimate the full energy peak efficiency for a HPGe detector and determine the deviation with experimental data. It was carried out measurements of

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