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Journal articles on the topic 'Gaze'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Langton, Stephen RH, Alex H. McIntyre, Peter JB Hancock, and Helmut Leder. "Saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements trigger equivalent gaze-cued orienting effects." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 9 (2018): 1860–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1362703.

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Research has established that a perceived eye gaze produces a concomitant shift in a viewer’s spatial attention in the direction of that gaze. The two experiments reported here investigate the extent to which the nature of the eye movement made by the gazer contributes to this orienting effect. On each trial in these experiments, participants were asked to make a speeded response to a target that could appear in a location toward which a centrally presented face had just gazed (a cued target) or in a location that was not the recipient of a gaze (an uncued target). The gaze cues consisted of e

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2

Ukkonen-Mikkola, Tuulikki, Susanna Isotalo, Saswati Chaudhuri, et al. "With sensitive eyes: ECEC teachers’ visual gaze and related reflections on pedagogical actions in toddler groups using eye-tracking glasses." Frontline Learning Research 12, no. 2 (2024): 70–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v12i2.1153.

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This study explored early childhood education and care (ECEC) teachers’ visual gaze and related reflections on pedagogical actions during pedagogical activities in groups of children under three years of age in Finland. The data were collected from play and teacher-guided activities using mobile eye-tracking glasses, the retrospective thinking aloud (RTA) method, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed that even though the teachers were surprised about some aspects of the visual gaze metrics, they reflected on and gave reasons for their visual gazes on children. When observing gaze

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3

Ramirez Gomez, Argenis, and Michael Lankes. "Towards Designing Diegetic Gaze in Games: The Use of Gaze Roles and Metaphors." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 3, no. 4 (2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti3040065.

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Gaze-based interactions have found their way into the games domain and are frequently employed as a means to support players in their activities. Instead of implementing gaze as an additional game feature via a game-centred approach, we propose a diegetic perspective by introducing gaze interaction roles and gaze metaphors. Gaze interaction roles represent ambiguous mechanics in gaze, whereas gaze metaphors serve as narrative figures that symbolise, illustrate, and are applied to the interaction dynamics. Within this work, the current literature in the field is analysed to seek examples that d

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Long, Zeyi. "The Gendered Gaze on Social Media: the Female Gaze as Rebellion." BCP Education & Psychology 9 (March 29, 2023): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpep.v9i.4607.

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The male gaze, according to Laura Mulvey, means a way to objectify and sexualize women from heterosexual male perspectives. The male gaze can be found in every woman's daily life and has extended to social media. Thus, a specific type of female gaze emerges on social media in order to resist the male gaze. This type of female gaze aims at judging men's appearance, figure, education level or social position aggressively, differing from the female gaze in its usual context. Most studies of the gendered gaze lie in the field of film, literature and art, so in order to fill the gap, this study tri

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Ramirez Gomez, Argenis, and Michael Lankes. "Eyesthetics." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, CHI PLAY (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3474686.

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Gaze interaction has been growing fast as a compelling tool for control and immersion for gameplay. Here, we present a conceptual framework focusing on the aesthetic player experience and the potential interpretation (meaning) players could give to playing with gaze interaction capabilities. The framework is illustrated by a survey of state of the art research-based and commercial games. We complement existing frameworks by reflecting on gaze interaction in games as the attention relationship between the player (the subject) and the game (the object) with four dimensions: Identity; Mapping; At

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6

Argyle, Michael, Mark Cook, and Duncan Cramer. "Gaze and Mutual Gaze." British Journal of Psychiatry 165, no. 6 (1994): 848–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007125000073980.

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One of the first psychologists to investigate experimentally the role of gaze in human behaviour was Michael Argyle. In 1963 he set up a research group at Oxford with Ted Crossman and Adam Kendon, to study non-verbal communication in human social interaction, which included gaze as an important aspect of this behaviour. Shortly afterwards, Mark Cook joined this group which was funded until 1975, during which time considerable research on gaze had been carried out both at Oxford and elsewhere. This book summarises much of the work done in this field up until that time.

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Horstmann, Gernot, and Sebastian Loth. "The Mona Lisa Illusion—Scientists See Her Looking at Them Though She Isn’t." i-Perception 10, no. 1 (2019): 204166951882170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669518821702.

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If the person depicted in an image gazes at the camera or painter, a viewer perceives this as being gazed at. The viewers’ perception holds irrespectively of their position relative to image. This is the Mona Lisa effect named after the subject of Leonardo’s famous painting La Gioconda. The effect occurs reliably but was not tested with Mona Lisa herself. Remarkably, viewers judged Mona Lisa’s gaze as directed to their right-hand side irrespectively of the image zoom, its horizontal position on screen, and the distance of the ruler that was used for measuring the gaze direction.

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Lankes, Michael, Andreas Haslinger, and Christian Wolff. "gEYEded: Subtle and Challenging Gaze-Based Player Guidance in Exploration Games." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 3, no. 3 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti3030061.

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This paper investigates the effects of gaze-based player guidance on the perceived game experience, performance, and challenge in a first-person exploration game. In contrast to existing research, the proposed approach takes the game context into account by providing players not only with guidance but also granting them an engaging game experience with a focus on exploration. This is achieved by incorporating gaze-sensitive areas that indicate the location of relevant game objects. A comparative study was carried out to validate our concept and to examine if a game supported with a gaze guidan

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Shabani, Shabnam, Steven Beauchemin, and Michael Bauer. "Analysis of Driver Gaze and Attention to Traffic Signs." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (April 16, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9970775.

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A driver’s actions and intent can be factors in enabling advance driver assistance systems (ADASs) to assist drivers and avoid accidents. A driver’s gaze can provide insight into the driver’s intent or awareness of situations. Knowing that a driver gazed at a traffic sign or missed a traffic could provide indications of whether the driver is alert to impending changes in the driving environment, such as curves and stop signs. For ADASs to determine the importance of a driver seeing or missing a sign, it is important to understand the driving environment and situation. A first step is to unders

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Villarreal, Amanda Rose. "Meet My Gaze: Crafting the Agentic Gaze for Zoom Theatre." Theatre and Performance Notes and Counternotes 1, no. 1 (2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/tpnc.1.1.0001.

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Abstract This article considers both improvised and scripted performances produced during the pandemic and the ways in which framing live performance creates gaze. In conversation with Laura Mulvey’s concept of the male gaze and Stephanie Jennings’s concept of the feminine gaze, this article analyzes the ways in which awareness of both of these gazes can inform the development of a new gaze—an agentic gaze—for Zoom Theatre. The agentic gaze requires an adapted directorial practice in order to create a dialectic among collaborators characterized by agentic symmetry; this article describes the w

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Kim, Jun Pyo. "Tourist Gaze and Refugee Gaze." Journal of Multi-Cultural Contents Studies 42 (December 31, 2022): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15400/mccs.2022.12.42.1.

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Le, Thao, Ronal Singh, and Tim Miller. "Goal Recognition for Deceptive Human Agents through Planning and Gaze." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 71 (August 3, 2021): 697–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.12518.

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Eye gaze has the potential to provide insight into the minds of individuals, and this idea has been used in prior research to improve human goal recognition by combining human's actions and gaze. However, most existing research assumes that people are rational and honest. In adversarial scenarios, people may deliberately alter their actions and gaze, which presents a challenge to goal recognition systems. In this paper, we present new models for goal recognition under deception using a combination of gaze behaviour and observed movements of the agent. These models aim to detect when a person i

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Fasold, Frowin, Benjamin Noël, Fabian Wolf, and Stefanie Hüttermann. "Coordinated gaze behaviour of handball referees: a practical exploration with focus on the methodical implementation." Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité, no. 102 (2018): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2018029.

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Though the interaction of team members in sport has already been considered when analysing team expertise and performance, there is no comparable research addressing the interplay of referee teams as part of their expertise. Based on lab-based research on coordinated gaze behaviour, we assumed that orchestrating referees’ gaze is an important way of improving referee performances. To first scrutinize if handball referees coordinate their gaze, the gaze fixations of a handball referee team was analysed while they were presiding over a game. Results showed that referees mostly fixated the same a

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Stone, Lesego S., and Gyan P. Nyaupane. "The Tourist Gaze: Domestic versus International Tourists." Journal of Travel Research 58, no. 5 (2018): 877–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287518781890.

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This article investigates domestic and international tourists’ “gaze” using tourism imagery. Domestic and international tourists’ preferences are critically examined using the concept of the “tourist gaze” and “local gaze.” Through qualitative, in-depth photo-elicitation interviews (PEIs) guided by 16 photographs covering various tourist attractions in Botswana, results indicate dissimilar tourist gazes between international and domestic tourists. Culture, livelihoods, and crowded spaces, with a variety of activities, influence domestic tourists’ gaze, whereas privacy, tranquility, and quietne

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15

Gedeon, Tamás (Tom) D., Dingyun Zhu, and B. Sumudu U. Mendis. "Eye Gaze Assistance for a Game-Like Interactive Task." International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2008 (2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/623725.

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Human beings communicate in abbreviated ways dependent on prior interactions and shared knowledge. Furthermore, humans share information about intentions and future actions using eye gaze. Among primates, humans are unique in the whiteness of the sclera and amount of sclera shown, essential for communication via interpretation of eye gaze. This paper extends our previous work in a game-like interactive task by the use of computerised recognition of eye gaze and fuzzy signature-based interpretation of possible intentions. This extends our notion of robot instinctive behaviour to intentional beh

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Jeong, Inhyeok, Kento Nakagawa, Rieko Osu, and Kazuyuki Kanosue. "Difference in gaze control ability between low and high skill players of a real-time strategy game in esports." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0265526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265526.

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This research investigated the difference in aspects of gaze control between esports experts (Expert) and players with lower skills (Low Skill) while playing the real-time strategy game called StarCraft. Three versions of this game at different difficulty levels were made with the StarCraft Editor, and the gaze movements of seven Expert and nine Low Skill players were analyzed while they played the games. The gaze of Expert players covered a significantly larger area in the horizontal direction than the gaze of Low Skill players. Furthermore, the magnitude and number of saccadic eye movements

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Abubshait, Abdulaziz, and Eva Wiese. "Effect of brain stimulation on mechanisms of social cognition is modulated by individual preferences for human versus robot agents." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (2019): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631359.

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When we interact with others, we use nonverbal behavior such as changes in gaze direction to make inferences about what people think or what they want to do next – a process called mentalizing. Previous studies have shown that how we react to others’ gaze signals depends on how much “mind” we ascribe to the gazer, and that this process of mind perception is related to activation in brain areas that process social information (i.e., social brain). Although brain stimulation studies have identified prefrontal structures like the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) as the potential neural subs

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Toutain, Manon, Marine Malivoir, Pauline Brugaillères, et al. "I Prefer to Look at an Animal Rather than at a Human: Visual Attention of Neurotypical Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During One-Time First Exposure to an Assistance Dog." Pets 1, no. 3 (2024): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pets1030022.

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Interacting with animals often provides numerous benefits for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One potential explanation for this is that children with ASD exhibit particular visual attention to animals. This study aimed to characterize the visual attention patterns towards humans and animals in children with ASD compared to neurotypical (NT) children during one-time first exposure to an assistance dog. Forty children participated (18 ASD, 22 NT). The interventions were videorecorded. Three categories of visual attention (gaze, glance, and mutual gaze) directed towards assistance

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Marciniak, Karolina, Peter W. Dicke, and Peter Thier. "Monkeys head-gaze following is fast, precise and not fully suppressible." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1816 (2015): 20151020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1020.

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Human eye-gaze is a powerful stimulus, drawing the observer's attention to places and objects of interest to someone else (‘eye-gaze following’). The largely homogeneous eyes of monkeys, compromising the assessment of eye-gaze by conspecifics from larger distances, explain the absence of comparable eye-gaze following in these animals. Yet, monkeys are able to use peer head orientation to shift attention (‘head-gaze following’). How similar are monkeys' head-gaze and human eye-gaze following? To address this question, we trained rhesus monkeys to make saccades to targets, either identified by t

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20

Iizuka, Yuichi. "Gaze during Speaking as Related to Shyness." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 3_suppl (1994): 1259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.3c.1259.

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32 shy and 32 nonshy women were selected from a population of Japanese junior college students on the basis of their responses to the Trait Shyness Scale. This study manipulated shyness (shy and nonshy), interviewers' gaze (high amount of gaze and low amount of gaze), and interviewers' sex in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Subjects were randomly assigned to eight groups and interviewed by one of two male or two female confederates. Two trained judges recorded duration of gaze and speech through a one-way mirror and watching videotaped records. Analysis showed that for the interviewer in the hig

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Okumura, Yuko, Yasuhiro Kanakogi, Takayuki Kanda, Hiroshi Ishiguro, and Shoji Itakura. "Can infants use robot gaze for object learning?" Interaction Studies 14, no. 3 (2013): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.14.3.03oku.

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Previous research has shown that although infants follow the gaze direction of robots, robot gaze does not facilitate infants’ learning for objects. The present study examined whether robot gaze affects infants’ object learning when the gaze behavior was accompanied by verbalizations. Twelve-month-old infants were shown videos in which a robot with accompanying verbalizations gazed at an object. The results showed that infants not only followed the robot’s gaze direction but also preferentially attended to the cued object when the ostensive verbal signal was present. Moreover, infants showed e

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Benjamin, Lloyd. "Gaze." American Journal of Psychiatry 162, no. 4 (2005): 664–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.4.664.

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23

Gutierrez, Leon Guillermo. "Gaze." International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education 10, no. 3 (1997): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/095183997237188.

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Zuhair Al-Wattar, Shaymaa. "Breaking the Spell of the Male Gaze in Selected Women's Ekphrastic Poems." Journal of Education College Wasit University 2, no. 37 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol2.iss37.1106.

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For centuries art and poetry have been inspiring each other and the relation between word and image constantly fascinates the poets. The literary world has given poems that tackle artwork the name: ekphrasis. Ekphrasis represents a rich hunting ground for references, allusions, and inspiration for poets. However, ekphrasis is powerfully gendered that privileged male gaze. Traditionally, the male is given the strong position as the gazer, while the woman is locked in her predetermined role that of the beautiful, silent, submissive, gazed upon. Women poets refuse to adhere to the gendered

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Bergeron, André, and Daniel Guitton. "In Multiple-Step Gaze Shifts: Omnipause (OPNs) and Collicular Fixation Neurons Encode Gaze Position Error; OPNs Gate Saccades." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 4 (2002): 1726–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2002.88.4.1726.

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The superior colliculus (SC), via its projections to the pons, is a critical structure for driving rapid orienting movements of the visual axis, called gaze saccades, composed of coordinated eye-head movements. The SC contains a motor map that encodes small saccade vectors rostrally and large ones caudally. A zone in the rostral pole may have a different function. It contains superior colliculus fixation neurons (SCFNs) with probable projections to omnipause neurons (OPNs) of the pons. SCFNs and OPNs discharge tonically during visual fixation and pause during single-step gaze saccades. The OPN

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Chen, Qing man. "Reading Fraud from the Gaze Theory: The Gaze and Anti-Gaze in Anna Durrant." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 5, no. 10 (2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2022.5.10.5.

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The loneliness and isolation experienced by older women have frequently been the focus of Brookner's writing. Fraud, one of her typical novels, provided a provocative perspective on age and gender. In light of a number of previous studies, this article aims to contribute to the study of feminist fiction that focuses on older women and to encourage more academic inquiry and study in this area. Based on the method of literature research and detailed reading of Fraud, the essay demonstrated the dual gaze that Anna, the protagonist of Fraud, experienced from both sexes, particularly from her mothe

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Mengyi, Yu, and Zhong Jingdong. "Male's Gazes in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 06, no. 07 (2023): 4325–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8174698.

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Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, as an illustration of the “Jazz Age,” has established an outstanding position in the American historical literary circle with its profound social significance and forward-looking warning function. This masterpiece has become an important basis for future generations to explore various of modern issues, including gender ones, which are concerned with the gaze theories. Based on the relevant gaze theories and the text analysis, this paper analyzes the gazes of the three male characters on various aspects of female characters, including physiologic

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Maya Neto, Olegario da Costa. "Who gazes at whom: Patriarchy's abjection gaze and Marina's oppositional gaze in A Fantastic Woman." Ilha do Desterro A Journal of English Language, Literatures in English and Cultural Studies 77 (November 8, 2024): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2024.e99262.

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Alan Parson's song "Time", played in the beginning of the film A Fantastic Woman (2017), raises motifs that resonate throughout the film: the inexorable passing of time and the human need/right to say goodbye to those we love(d). After Marina, a working class transwoman, has the unfortunate surprise of losing her beloved Orlando, her mourning is interrupted and her right to say goodbye is threatened by the heteronormative pressure from society. The abjection gaze of the patriarchal family and of state representatives towards Marina is discussed based on Judith Butler's (2002) Gender Trouble. R

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Nelson Schultz, Corey Kai. "The Sensation of the Look: The Gazes in Laurence Anyways." Film-Philosophy 22, no. 1 (2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/film.2018.0059.

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This article analyses the gazes, looks, stares and glares in Laurence Anyways (Xavier Dolan, 2012), and examines their affective, interpretive, and symbolic qualities, and their potential to create viewer empathy through affect. The cinematic gaze can produce sensations of shame and fear, by offering a sequence of varied “encounters” to which viewers can react, before we have been given a character onto which we can deflect them, thus bypassing the representational, narrative and even the sympathetic power of the medium to create “raw”, apparently unmediated sensations. Through the point-of-vi

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Doi, Hirokazu, Kazuhiro Ueda, and Kazuyuki Shinohara. "Relational property between head and eye regions is the primary determinant of the efficiency in search for a deviant gaze." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 62, no. 9 (2009): 1723–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470210802596825.

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The human visual system is extremely sensitive to the directions of the gazes of others. However, the mechanism underlying gaze direction perception has yet to be clarified. The primary aim of the present study is to investigate whether the relational property between the local eye region and other facial regions serves as the primary visual system cue in detecting a direct gaze. Our results showed that search efficiency was determined primarily by the gaze direction indicated by the relational property regardless of the direction indicated by the local feature information of the eye region; t

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Maatta, Olli, Nora McIntyre, Jussi Palomäki, Markku S. Hannula, Patrik Scheinin, and Petri Ihantola. "Students in sight: Using mobile eye-tracking to investigate mathematics teachers’ gaze behaviour during task instruction-giving." Frontline Learning Research 9, no. 4 (2021): 92–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v9i4.965.

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Abstract Mobile eye-tracking research has provided evidence both on teachers' visual attention in relation to their intentions and on teachers’ student-centred gaze patterns. However, the importance of a teacher’s eye-movements when giving instructions is unexplored. In this study we used mobile eye-tracking to investigate six teachers’ gaze patterns when they are giving task instructions for a geometry problem in four different phases of a mathematical problem-solving lesson. We analysed the teachers’ eye-tracking data, their verbal data, and classroom video recordings. Our paper brings forth

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Howell, Bryan, Asa River Jackson, Alexandra M. Edwards, Katherine Kilbourn-Barber, Kaylee Bliss, and Addie Payne Morgan. "ASSESSING EYE GAZE PATTERNS BETWEEN INTERMEDIATE AND ADVANCED DESIGN SKETCHERS." Proceedings of the Design Society 3 (June 19, 2023): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2023.66.

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AbstractOne difficulty with sketching pedagogy is the tendency to assess growth according to outcomes, as opposed to processes. We assessed eye gaze patterns between advanced and intermediate design sketchers and anticipated correlations between eye-gaze practices and sketching proficiency. Participants sketched two different objects using analogue materials, a potted plant from memory, and a MacBook from observation.The study utilised Tobii 3 adjustable eye-tracking glasses and Tobii Pro data processing software. Twenty-five design sketching students and six design sketching instructors parti

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LEE, Mi-Mi, and Myeong-Ho CHA. "Phenomenological Study of Clients' Gaze Experience in Counseling Settings." Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare 11, no. 2 (2024): 297–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.20496/cpew.2024.11.2.297.

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This study aims to figure out the meaning of clients' gaze experiences when facing the gaze of counselors in counseling settings. Considering the nature and logic of the study topics, it is studied through the qualitative research of phenomenology to explore highly subjective and unique individual experiences. In this research it is showed that clients’ gaze consistently imbues meanings to it, continually build new constructs and reinterpret new meaning as something different. The act of clients facing the gaze of counselors was a subjective movement of a real self to explore their existence.

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Middleton, John. "The Historian's Gaze and the Philosopher's Gaze." Cahiers d’études africaines 36, no. 143 (1996): 489–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cea.1996.1428.

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Kucherova, Irina A. "Icelandic souvenirs: tourist gaze vs local gaze." Ètnografičeskoe obozrenie, no. 3 (November 4, 2024): 114–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869541524030079.

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The article focuses on the post-crisis representation of Iceland through souvenirs as the result of the negotiation between the “tourist gaze” and the “local gaze”. Drawing on the materials of field work in Reykjavik as well as media articles, I analyze the impact of tourist boom on souvenir production; the local strategies of the “proper” souvenirs’ promotion; the shifting of the most popular souvenirs towards the “local” or the “tourist” due to the influence of the “mutual gaze”.

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Zhang, Chuang, JianNan Chi, ZhaoHui Zhang, XiaoLiang Gao, Tao Hu, and ZhiLiang Wang. "Gaze estimation in a gaze tracking system." Science China Information Sciences 54, no. 11 (2011): 2295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-011-4243-6.

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Ruiz, April, Juan Carlos Gómez, Jean Jacques Roeder, and Richard W. Byrne. "Gaze following and gaze priming in lemurs." Animal Cognition 12, no. 3 (2008): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-008-0202-z.

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HAN, Sohyun, and Jaeman RYU. "Being Exhibited: A Phenomenological Study of the Experience of Models in a Portrait Photography Exhibition." Society for Art Education of Korea 88 (December 1, 2023): 373–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25297/aer.2023.88.373.

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This study phenomenologically explored the experiences of the models exhibited in portrait photography exhibitions. The results revealed four essential themes based on 11 themes. First, the experienced gave them sense of being understood and recognized as themselves. It was greatly affected by the fact that their portrait became a work of art, occupying a physical space to be displayed. Secondly, they encounter a new version of them that created by others. Third, the experience was interesting in itself, and it was a thought-provoking and evocative experience. Fourth, the gaze on their photo w

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Caruana, Nathan, Kiley Seymour, Jon Brock, and Robyn Langdon. "Responding to joint attention bids in schizophrenia: An interactive eye-tracking study." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 8 (2019): 2068–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819829718.

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This study investigated social cognition in schizophrenia using a virtual reality paradigm to capture the dynamic processes of evaluating and responding to eye gaze as an intentional communicative cue. A total of 21 patients with schizophrenia and 21 age-, gender-, and IQ-matched healthy controls completed an interactive computer game with an on-screen avatar that participants believed was controlled by an off-screen partner. On social trials, participants were required to achieve joint attention by correctly interpreting and responding to gaze cues. Participants also completed non-social tria

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Gherri, Elena, and Bettina Forster. "ERP investigations into the effects of gaze and spatial attention on the processing of tactile events." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x647784.

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Previous research demonstrated that directing one’s gaze at a body part reduces detection speed (e.g., Tipper et al., 1998) and enhances the processing (Forster and Eimer, 2005) of tactile stimuli presented at the gazed location. Interestingly, gaze-dependent modulation of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), are very similar to those observed in previous studies of tactile spatial attention. This might indicate that manipulating gaze direction activates the same mechanisms that are responsible for the covert orienting of spatial attention in touch. To investigate this possibility, gaze dir

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Duranton, Charlotte, Friederike Range, and Zsófia Virányi. "Do pet dogs ( Canis familiaris ) follow ostensive and non-ostensive human gaze to distant space and to objects?" Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 7 (2017): 170349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170349.

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Dogs are renowned for being skilful at using human-given communicative cues such as pointing. Results are contradictory, however, when it comes to dogs' following human gaze, probably due to methodological discrepancies. Here we investigated whether dogs follow human gaze to one of two food locations better than into distant space even after comparable pre-training. In Experiments 1 and 2, the gazing direction of dogs was recorded in a gaze-following into distant space and in an object-choice task where no choice was allowed, in order to allow a direct comparison between tasks, varying the ost

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OHTSUKA, Satoko. "Gaze anxiety and gazed position in media conversation." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 74 (September 20, 2010): 3AM063. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.74.0_3am063.

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Martin, Drew. "My traditional Japanese wedding?" International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research 9, no. 4 (2015): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcthr-08-2015-0088.

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Purpose – This paper aims to demonstrate deep gaze using a Japanese Shinto wedding ceremony as an example. Some long-term tourists develop an intimate understanding of the host country’s culture by gaining access to authentic experiences typically limited to the locals. These native visitors experience a deep gaze. Design/methodology/approach – Combing subjective personal introspection (SPI) and confirmatory personal introspection (CPI), the author’s 76 wedding photographs are examined critically. Findings – Results demonstrate how a native visitor uses SPI and CPI analyses of native gaze. Whi

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Jung, Sunghun, Junyeong Kum, and Myungho Lee. "An Efficient Gaze Control System for Kiosk-Based Embodied Conversational Agents in Multi-Party Conversations." Electronics 14, no. 8 (2025): 1592. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14081592.

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The adoption of kiosks in public spaces is steadily increasing, with a trend toward providing more natural user experiences through embodied conversational agents (ECAs). To achieve human-like interactions, ECAs should be able to appropriately gaze at the speaker. However, kiosks in public spaces often face challenges, such as ambient noise and overlapping speech from multiple people, making it difficult to accurately identify the speaker and direct the ECA’s gaze accordingly. In this paper, we propose a lightweight gaze control system that is designed to operate effectively within the resourc

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Yang, Huimei. "A Brief Analysis of Lolita from the Perspective of Gaze Theory: Intersections of Power and Gender." Scientific Journal Of Humanities and Social Sciences 7, no. 4 (2025): 149–55. https://doi.org/10.54691/tqq47829.

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Lolita, a novel that has been controversial since its publication, depicts the seduction and obsession of a middle-aged man with a young girl. Many people criticize the novel for containing patriarchal ideas, and numerous researchers have studied it from various perspectives, such as feminist perspective, psychoanalytic perspective, and postmodernist perspective. However, most of the researches tend to unfold from a macro perspective, and fewer of them analyze in depth from specific perspectives. Therefore, this thesis intends to study Lolita from the perspective of Gaze Theory.By analyzing ho

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Liu, Xiaochuan, Xin Cheng, Yuchong Sun, et al. "EyEar: Learning Audio Synchronized Human Gaze Trajectory Based on Physics-Informed Dynamics." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 2 (2025): 1429–37. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i2.32133.

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Imitating how humans move their gaze in a visual scene is a vital research problem for both visual understanding and psychology, kindling crucial applications such as building alive virtual characters. Previous studies aim to predict gaze trajectories when humans are free-viewing an image, searching for required targets, or looking for clues to answer questions in an image. While these tasks focus on visual-centric scenarios, humans move their gaze also along with audio signal inputs in more common scenarios. To fill this gap, we introduce a new task that predicts human gaze trajectories in a

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Portuges, Catherine, Theo Angelopoulos, Tonino Guerra, and Petros Markaris. "Ulysses' Gaze." American Historical Review 101, no. 4 (1996): 1158. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2169647.

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Ross, Linda, and Wilf McSherry. "Spiritual gaze." Nursing Standard 24, no. 48 (2010): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.48.23.s27.

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Leutrum, Matthias. "Giacometti's Gaze." Journal of Analytical Psychology 63, no. 5 (2018): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-5922.12456.

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Jones, David. "Penetrating gaze." Nature 392, no. 6678 (1998): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/33815.

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