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1
Moore, Karla. "Phantom grief the grief of siblings separated by adoption /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1609286761&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wavrunek, Joel B. "The child's journey through grief a grief support group developed for children /." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998wavrunekj.pdf.
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Parrish, Pamela Jo 1953. "How well are children's needs met in the children to children grief-support groups." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278417.
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The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether Children to Children's grief-support groups helped young participants cope with their grief, and which elements of the program were most helpful. The population for this study consisted of six bereaved children between the ages of 5 and 18 who were referred by Children to Children. The instrument used in this study was developed specifically to measure grief in children by self-report. Other information-gathering techniques were used to determine children's attributions for change and their view of their families before and after the loved one's death. It was found that the Children to Children grief-support groups were helpful to the participants. Participants cited two components of the program as most helpful: ritual, verbal sharing of the circumstances of the loved one's death, and being with other children who were going through a similar experience.
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Aboobaker, Fatima. "Supporting Foundation Phase children experiencing disenfranchised grief." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60948.
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A cultural belief held that young children lack the ability to experience grief, based on
the assumption that children have not yet developed to understand, or to be
emotionally affected, by the concept of death. 'Disenfranchised grief', a term first
coined in 1989, refers to grief that escapes notice due to emotions not finding
expressive outlets. Disenfranchised grief afflicts young children in particular. The aim
of this study was to provide guidelines and identify support structures that teachers
can use to help a child that is experiencing grief in the Foundation Phase classroom
due to loss of a parent, sibling or grandparent.
Multiple case studies were utilised to investigate children's experiences with
disenfranchised grief within different contexts, and existing support systems for
children who suffered the loss of a loved family member. Three Grade 3 learners
experiencing grief were purposively selected from a state school to participate in
semi-structured individual interviews, drawings activities and verbal narratives. Three
themes emerged from the data: experiences of grief, emotional experience and
support. The findings indicate that children do experience grief, but need support in
giving expression to their emotions, and to process their losses. Recommendation is
made to teacher-training institutions to incorporate counselling as part of their
teacher-training curriculum.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Early Childhood Education
MEd
Unrestricted
5
Lewis, Danielle Kirsten. "Grief and Loss: Supportive Stories for Children with Autism." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8478.
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The effect of grief on children with autism is an under-researched area of study. Until recently, it was often assumed that individuals with autism did not have the capacity to grieve. Because of deficits in social skills, interpersonal relationships, and language and communication skills, these individuals are especially vulnerable as they navigate the challenging social and emotional aspects associated with bereavement and grief. Bibliotherapy is offered as supportive strategy for bereaved children, providing them with structure and guidance through a time of uncertainty and change. This study is based on two focus groups, one with teachers of children with autism (n = 8) and one with parents of children with autism (n = 5). Researchers focused on the purpose of supporting children in grades K–3 through the death of a loved one or pet. Focus group participants discussed their perceptions of how this special population of children grieves and how to support them following a significant loss, such as the death of a loved one or beloved pet. After reviewing selected resources (supportive stories), participants offered their impressions regarding the appropriateness and potential effectiveness of the resources. Focus groups were audiotaped and later transcribed. Transcriptions were carefully reviewed and discussed by two individuals to identify and summarize themes. After summarizing the information from the transcriptions and organizing the information, one individual served as a quality check, to verify the accuracy of the findings. Additionally, a member check was offered to participants to assure accuracy in the typed transcripts (for intended meaning and content). The following information and recommendations are presented based on the input from the focus group participants. Three overarching themes were identified in this study, as well as some specific cautions and warnings. Participants emphasized the importance of individualization in the selection of stories for children with autism. Readers should be aware of the child’s specific needs and circumstances when they are selecting a story. The stories should be developmentally appropriate and should help support the child through the specific type of death or loss that has occurred. Participants also discussed the importance of selecting books that are concrete, simple, and structured. As children with autism often have difficulty with abstract concepts, the topic of death and loss should be approached in a concrete and literal way. Books that present information in this manner will best help the child to understand their experience. Practitioners who use bibliotherapy to support children with autism through a death or loss should be sensitive to family beliefs. Open communication should be used with the child’s family in order to select a book that best fits that child’s needs. Children with autism will also benefit from stories that help to normalize their experience and that help them to understand the emotions that they or their family and friends may experience. Future research is recommended to further explore the use of supportive stories in aiding a child with autism through the grief and loss process. It is important to examine how children with autism respond to the selected stories and to understand how effective the stories are in their coping and understanding process.
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Hardy, Nicola Elizabeth. "The effectiveness of doing grief work with children : an exploratory study." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2034.
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This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a group intervention with 12 bereaved children, aged 8-12. All of the children had been bereaved of a parent within the past 2 years. Due to the small number of children available for inclusion in the study, 6 of the children had previously received individual professional help for grief related issued. The design was a repeated measure pre and post intervention between group design. The study compared the two sub-groups of bereaved children with a group of non-bereaved children who were matched in terms of age and sex.
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Holland, John Marshall. "Children and the impact of parental death." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2483/.
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Pfirrman, Jami L. "Children’s Grief Resources: A Website for Children Grieving the Loss of a Parent and their Caregivers." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1307712808.
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Budzinski, Erica L. "An investigation of Wisconsin public schools' grief and loss support programs." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998budzinskie.pdf.
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McKegney, Sherrie. "Silenced suffering : the disenfranchised grief of birthmothers compulsorily separated from their children." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81253.
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Few efforts have been made to understand the subjective experiences of birthparents involved in the child welfare system, especially of those who have had their parental rights permanently removed. The research undertaken seeks an initial investigation of this neglected issue, providing accounts of four birthmothers' experiences of having one or more of their children involuntarily and permanently removed from their care as a result of child neglect. Implicit in this research is the assumption that these mothers do indeed suffer tremendous grief over the loss of their children, regardless of child welfare agencies' assessments of their parenting capacities. Furthermore, the research critically evaluates how child welfare practice and policy might serve to exacerbate incumbent issues of loss, ultimately disenfranchising this already isolated and stigmatized population. Therefore, this qualitative study endeavours to assist not only child protection workers, but also the greater community in better understanding what it is like to be a "child welfare parent" who has had her parental rights terminated, and to be aware of the existing imbalance of power between child welfare agencies and the clientele they serve. The study ultimately aims to help ensure that human dignity and genuine respect are not lost in the work of child protection.
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Grosshans, Beth Ann. "Psychiatric symptomatology and grief-specific affects and behaviors in parentally bereaved children /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487856906260563.
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Huepenbecker, Valerie Anne. "A time to grieve children and loss /." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005huepenbeckerv.pdf.
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Standard, Marion E. "The use of puppets in children's grief groups an exploratory study /." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999standard.pdf.
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Kellas, Marlen Joyce, and Lynette Christine Wheeler. "Bereavement support groups for elementary school-aged children: The impact on grief related problematic behaviors." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1538.
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Spiegelberg, Mandi. "Coping with loss supporting school-aged children who are dealing with bereavement /." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006spiegelbergm.pdf.
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Sha, Wei, and 沙卫. "Grief experience of bereaved mothers who loss of children in Sichuan earthquake 2008." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206428.
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Bereavement, an unavoidable event in everyone’s life, brings endless missing, grief, and suffering to people. Among all kinds of bereavement, losing a child is considered the most sorrowful and traumatizing. It is extremely difficult for parents who lose a child to recover from their deepest pain. On May 12, 2008, an earthquake, measuring 8.0 Ms, occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan province, China. The earthquake killed more than 70,000 people and left about 20,000 missing. During the earthquake, some school buildings collapsed and as a result, hundreds of students died. Their parents experienced overwhelming bereavement.
To understand what bereaved mothers experience and how they cope with bereavement after the loss of children, the author conducted this longitudinal study based on the dual process model of coping with bereavement (DPM), and applied qualitative inquiry using interpretative phenomenological analysis. In this study, the author has reported on her 4 waves of interviews with these parents, regarding how they coped with grief over 2 years.
The author conducted 4 waves of in-depth, face-to-face interviews with mothers who lost their children during the Wenchuan earthquake (N= 43). The findings reveal that three levels of stresses exist in these bereaved mothers’ (BMs) grief experiences, including individual, family, and society levels. On the individual level, they experienced not only emotional distress, such as overwhelming grief, despair, and anger, but they also experienced cognitive distresses, such as regret, guilt, meaninglessness and hopelessness. On the family level, BMs experienced various stresses, such as family incompleteness, despair of their family life, and tensions with their spouses. On the society level, these BMs experienced pressure from social expectations and public opinion. They felt segregated and detached from their social networks. Life became meaningless to these BMs, resulting in suicidal thoughts.
These BMs practiced a variety of coping strategies to deal with their endless grief and stresses in their daily lives. These BMs actively worked through their grief and negative emotions. They adjusted their cognition to deal with their children’s deaths, and made efforts to reconstruct their lives; through things like having another child, rebuilding their life purpose, and rebuilding relationships with others. Avoidance strategies included proactive avoidance and reactive avoidance coping. Respite was manifested in the BMs temporarily devoting themselves to other things in order to distract themselves from tremendous bereavement.
This study verifies and enriches the DPM in the Chinese socio-cultural context, while indicating suggestions for social work practice and social policy.published_or_final_version
Social Work and Social Administration
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
17
Martell, Mary M. "Bereavement and Loss: Using Bowlby's Grief Stages to Analyze Books for Preschool Children." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1320799352.
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Kozlova, Ekaterina E. "'Whoever lost children lost her heart' : valourised maternal grief in the Hebrew Bible." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eb33c1be-0f1b-45e3-bb38-6ec147250b9b.
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Recent studies on ancient Israel's mortuary culture have shown that mourning rites were not restricted to the occasions of death, burial and subsequent grief but were, in fact, implemented in diverse contexts. In this thesis I am looking at biblical traditions in which these solemn practices contributed, or sought to contribute to various forms of social restoration. More specifically, I explore the stories of biblical grieving mothers who are placed at key junctures in Israel's history to renegotiate the destinies not only of their own children, dead or lost, but also those of larger communities, i.e. family lines, ethnic groups, or entire nations. Since 'the social and ritual dimensions of mourning are intertwined and inseparable ... [and] rites in general are a context for the creation and transformation of social order', these women use the circumstance of their 'interrupted' motherhood as a platform for a kind of grief-driven socio-political activism. Since maternal bereavement is generally understood as the most intense of all types of loss and was seen as archetypal of all mourning in ancient Near Eastern cultures, Israelite communities in crisis deemed sorrowing motherhood as a potent agent in bringing about their own survival and resurgence back to normalcy. I begin my discussion on mourning rites as tools of social preservation and restoration in biblical traditions with (1) a list of modern examples that attest to a phenomenon of social, political, and religious engagement among women that stems from the circumstance of child loss; (2) a survey of recent grief and death studies that identify maternal grief as the most intense and the most enduring among other types of bereavement; (3) an overview of ancient Near Eastern cultures (Mesopotamia, Egypt, Hatti, Syro-Palestine) that not only viewed maternal grief as paradigmatic of all mourning but also utilised ritual actions performed by mothers in contexts of large scale catastrophes as mechanisms for dealing with a collective trauma. Against this background my project then turns to discuss four biblical mothers: Hagar (Gen. 21:14-21), Rizpah (2 Sam. 21:1-14), the woman of Tekoa (2 Sam. 14:1-20) and Rachel (Jer. 31:15-22), all of whom perform rites for their dying or dead children and exhibit a form of advocacy for society at large.
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Novick, Katherine Britton. "Adults' experiences with faith following the death of a parent : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/7586.
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Goliath, Chantal Debra. "A child's journey through traumatic grief: a case study." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018646.
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The death of a parent is one of the most serious stressors that can occur in a child’s life. The aim of this study was to describe an 11-year-old child’s journey through traumatic grief after the violent death of her mother. The conceptual framework utilised was Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT). The case study approach was applied as it provided a suitable research design in which to give an account of the subject in a therapeutic situation. A purposive sampling technique was utilised to select the research subject in the study. The following three principles of data collection were adhered to: a) using multiple sources of information, b) creating a case study database, and c) maintaining a chain of evidence. Irving Alexander’s content-analysis technique in conjunction with Guba’s model of trustworthiness was employed for data analysis. The finding that emerged from the study was the resilience shown by Linda in relation to her adaptive functioning following the trauma of witnessing the violent death of her mother. Conclusions and recommendations were made following the findings based on the information obtained during the therapy sessions.
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O'Shannassy, Caroline G. "Evaluation of Rainbows, a program designed to assist bereaved children in the grieving process." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1997. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2629.
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There are many children who have suffered the loss of a parent through death or divorce/separation. Generally, people expect children to "carry on" while such traumatic events in their lives take place. Bereaved parents may send their children back to school as soon as possible after the death. In the case of divorce/ separation, the child attends school while the trauma unfolds on a day-to- day basis. Bereaved and distressed parents are often unaware of their children's grief and unable to give the support that the children need. Parents are likely to deny, on many occasions, that the children have been affected by the loss.
As a result, these bereaved children struggle at school with a myriad of emotions and feelings that are unfamiliar to them. These new and strange emotions and feelings are frightening to the recently bereaved children who usually feel responsible for the death/ divorce/ separation. They feel very angry about what has happened. Their whole reality has changed. The family situation has altered forever. A parent, who was a significant person in the child's life, is now absent.
The research undertaken in this project is an evaluation of the Rainbows program, a program designed to assist bereaved children in the grieving process, from nine to twelve years of age. The program facilitates children in discussing their emotions, feelings and experiences with their peers. The children support each other in their journey through the bereavement process. Thirty-two children from St Xavier's primary school have participated in the program. Data was obtained from both students and parents by way of questionnaire.
Analysis of data indicates that the program has assisted the children in dealing with the grief and loss experienced through death, divorce or separation of a parent. It was discovered that anger is possibly a more serious aspect of the bereavement process in children than expected. Children do not "get over" the death/divorce/separation but live with the new situation on a day to day basis.
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Moor, Merryl, and n/a. "Silent Violence: Australia's White Stolen Children." Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070111.172012.
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This thesis makes a significant contribution to the existing knowledge on 'unmarried mothers'. Much of the literature on 'unmarried mothers' has been written by white, male, middle-class professionals who assume that unwed mothers are happy to place their babies for adoption so that they can be free to pursue other interests, meet other men and make a new life. However, after interviewing many of the mothers who gave up their babies in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s in Australia, I found this was not the case. Many of the mothers had wanted to keep their babies but were forced to relinquish them by their families and the wider society who seemed more intent on upholding nuclear family values than making available the resources needed to keep natural mothers and their babies together. My argument throughout this thesis is that given a choice - a viable economic and socially supported choice - many of the unmarried mothers, typified by those whom I interviewed, would not have parted with their babies. Most mothers interviewed, and presumably many of those in the community at large, have experienced much pain and grief as a result of the separation - a grief which is profound and lasts forever. Using Marxist feminist theories of the state and post-structural theories, my thesis highlights the perceptions and memories of birthmothers about the birthing experience and adoption as experience, process and life consequence. I also argue that the removal of white, working-class babies from their mothers compares in some small way with the removal of the indigenous 'stolen children' in the same period. The removal of Aboriginal children from their homes and cultures has been referred to by some scholars and activists as a form of cultural genocide. While the removal of babies from white, working-class, unwed mothers was different in that it had few racial implications, I argue that the system in place at the time was patriarchal and class-based and as such left the young, unwed women with no options but adoption. The thesis makes a very important and socially significant contribution to our understanding of unmarried mothers in that it presents a largely unwritten history of women. Rich in the voices of unmarried mothers, there are important conceptual, empirical and practical policy implications flowing from the research findings.
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Moor, Merryl. "Silent Violence: Australia's White Stolen Children." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365291.
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This thesis makes a significant contribution to the existing knowledge on 'unmarried mothers'. Much of the literature on 'unmarried mothers' has been written by white, male, middle-class professionals who assume that unwed mothers are happy to place their babies for adoption so that they can be free to pursue other interests, meet other men and make a new life. However, after interviewing many of the mothers who gave up their babies in the 1950s, 1960s and early 1970s in Australia, I found this was not the case. Many of the mothers had wanted to keep their babies but were forced to relinquish them by their families and the wider society who seemed more intent on upholding nuclear family values than making available the resources needed to keep natural mothers and their babies together. My argument throughout this thesis is that given a choice - a viable economic and socially supported choice - many of the unmarried mothers, typified by those whom I interviewed, would not have parted with their babies. Most mothers interviewed, and presumably many of those in the community at large, have experienced much pain and grief as a result of the separation - a grief which is profound and lasts forever. Using Marxist feminist theories of the state and post-structural theories, my thesis highlights the perceptions and memories of birthmothers about the birthing experience and adoption as experience, process and life consequence. I also argue that the removal of white, working-class babies from their mothers compares in some small way with the removal of the indigenous 'stolen children' in the same period. The removal of Aboriginal children from their homes and cultures has been referred to by some scholars and activists as a form of cultural genocide. While the removal of babies from white, working-class, unwed mothers was different in that it had few racial implications, I argue that the system in place at the time was patriarchal and class-based and as such left the young, unwed women with no options but adoption. The thesis makes a very important and socially significant contribution to our understanding of unmarried mothers in that it presents a largely unwritten history of women. Rich in the voices of unmarried mothers, there are important conceptual, empirical and practical policy implications flowing from the research findings.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Arts, Media and Culture
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Haag, Marcy J. "A study of continuing bonds and their impact on life attitudes in parents of murdered children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5225/.
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For most of the past century, the positive outcome of grief in the West was characterized as the relinquishment of the bond to the deceased. Phrases such as "let go", "move on", and "get over it" were, and continue to be, common to the language of this pursuit. This 'breaking bonds' perspective does not take into account other means of grief resolution, nor does it consider historical or cultural findings. Consequently, reports of bereaved parents who indicate resolution of grief yet maintain a continued relationship with their deceased child were not given much attention until the 1990s. This research employed a Durkheimian approach, taking the social bond as the starting point of inquiry and examined continuing bonds of parents to their murdered children. How these bonds were related to the parents' attitudes of re-investing in life and their level of grief was measured. The relationship between the parents' level of grief and their life attitudes was also assessed. The sample consisted of 46 parents living in North Texas whose child had been murdered three or more years ago. A triangulated methodology was utilized and the data were collected by means of participant observation, unstructured interviews, and a mailed questionnaire which obtained information on continuing bonds, level of grief, life attitudes and demographic variables. Multiple regression techniques were utilized to analyze the quantitative data. Parents on the Continuing Bonds Scale reported high levels of bonds with their deceased child. Contrary to expectation, the level of continuing bonds parents maintained with their children was found to be independent of other variables in the study. The relationship between parents' level of grief and their life attitudes was inverse in that higher levels of grief were associated with lower levels of re-investing in life. The finding of the independence of the Continuing Bonds Scale indicates the parent's level of grief and life attitudes are not related to continuing bonds; the bonds exist regardless. The relationship between level of grief and life attitudes points to a crisis of meaning.
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Hunt, Sonya. "Bereaved parents : central issues of bereavement." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/640.
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Tozeland, Judith C. "Working through grief and loss with children and their families, group and individual approaches." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ32269.pdf.
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Beckel, Jane R. "Supporting parentally bereaved students the school counselor's role /." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006beckelj.pdf.
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Smith, Loni A. "Children and parental death effects and school-based interventions /." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009smithl.pdf.
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Matthews, Louis. "Ministering to grieving children." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Yoshioka-Armijo, Georgina. "Children living with HIV/AIDS: Variations of grief intensity as manifest in house-tree-person projective drawings." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1850.
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Clark, Deborah. "The experience of losing a child through death." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Li, Jie, and 李洁. "Bereavement guilt in Chinese adult children : the conceptualization, measurement, risk factors and association with grief outcomes." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193396.
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Bereavement is one of the most painful experiences in one’s life, and guilt is one of the various emotions associated with it. Guilt is widely reported by bereaved people, but it is not yet sufficiently understood by researchers. There is a lack of convergence in conceptualizing guilt, and no valid measurement exists to assess this important construct in grief. Meanwhile, this emotion is particularly significant in Chinese adult given the cultural value of filial piety. Therefore, this thesis aims to fill this gap and enhance understanding of the nature and consequences of bereavement guilt in Chinese adult children.
This sequential mixed method research comprises three parts. To better define and conceptualize bereavement guilt, 16 bereaved adult children were interviewed in the first study about their subjective experience of guilt. Their narratives illustrated the content and feelings of bereavement guilt. It suggested that guilt was based on various evaluations of their behaviors, which failed to meet their inner standards or expectations. It also revealed that they felt guilt for contributing to the death, for hurting the deceased, and for not paying enough back to the parent. Those thoughts were evidently accompanied by distressful feelings.
In study two, the Bereavement Guilt Scale (BGS) was developed based on findings in study one. It was then validated with survey data collected from 873 bereaved adult children. The scale comprises five factors: (1) responsibility towards the death, (2) hurting the deceased, (3) survivor guilt, (4) indebtedness guilt and (5) guilt feelings. It was proved to have good dimensionality and construct validity, satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
Study three aimed to build the model for bereavement guilt, exploring its prevalence, predictors and relationship with complicated grief. The same data set in study two was analyzed and the results revealed various occurrence rates for different subtypes of bereavement guilt. The most common type is indebtedness guilt (81%), followed by guilt feelings (70%), responsibility for the death (37%), survivor guilt (27%) and guilt about hurting the deceased (23%). It was also revealed that guilt is more commonly experienced by people bereaved from unnatural death than natural death. Investigating a group of demographic and death-related variables simultaneously, this study found that different types of guilt have distinct predictors, but that three risk factors predicted most of them. These are the adult children being of a younger age, losing a mother, and low psychological preparation for the death. Finally, a strong association between guilt and complicated grief was established by the data. The relationship between complicated grief and guilt was stronger than with demographic variables, death-related variables, depression and anxiety. Such association remains significant even when controlling for these variables.
This thesis proposes a multidimensional conceptualization of bereavement guilt and has developed a valid measurement tool. It builds a preliminary model of risk factors, bereavement guilt and health outcomes in bereavement. The implications and limitations are also discussed.published_or_final_version
Social Work and Social Administration
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
33
Warren-Marlatt, Rebeccah. "The long-term effects of childhood bereavement: A contextual analysis." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/490.
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Ener, Liz D. "A Canonical Correlational Analysis Exploring Characteristics of Children Presenting to Counseling for Grief and Loss." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804937/.
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To date, researchers who have explored the complexity of childhood bereavement have utilized unstandardized assessment instruments and/or have independently evaluated specific constructs rather than factoring in the dimensionality of loss. The purpose of this study was to use parents' completion of established instruments--the Child Behavior Checklist and the Parenting Stress Index--to examine the multivariate shared relationship between characteristics of bereaved children referred for counseling--their ages, genders, ethnicities, types of loss, and life stressors--and their behavioral manifestations as well as the relationship between these characteristics and levels of parent-child relational stress. Utilizing archival clinical files, I examined these characteristics from bereaved children (N = 98) whose parents sought counseling services from two university-based counseling clinics. The sample consisted of 67 boys and 31 girls between the ages 3 and 11 years old (M = 6.28). The majority of participants (67%, n = 66) identified as Caucasian, 10% (n = 10) as African American, 10% (n = 10) as Hispanic/Latino, 6% as Bi-racial (n = 6), 4% as Native American (n = 4), and 2% as Asian (n = 2). A canonical correlational analyses (CCA) was conducted to examine relationship between characteristics of children and their subsequent behavioral manifestations. The full model was found to be statistically significant using the Wilks’s λ = .611 criterion, F(25, 328.41) = 1.862, p = .008. The R2 type effect size was .389, which indicates the full model explains about 39% of the variance shared between the two variable sets. A second CCA was conducted to explore the relationship between characteristics of bereaved children and levels of parent-child relational stress. The full model was found statistically to be significant using the Wilks’s λ = .790 criterion, F(10, 154) = 1.926, p = .045. The R2 type effect size was .210, which indicates the full model explains about 21% of the variance shared between the two variable sets. Overall, correlational findings from this study provided insight into bereaved children’s manifestations of loss and levels of parent-child relational stress as contingent upon specific characteristics. Specifically, results indicated a strong relationship between age and bereaved children’s behavioral manifestations. This finding reinforced the importance for clinicians to understand developmental implications when working with bereaved children. Furthermore, caregivers who reported minimal overall external stressors also reported less parent-child relational interference. This finding further emphasizes the importance for caregivers to maintain utmost stability for bereaved children.
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Wiggins, Madison G. "Bereavement Support for Children in Schools." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/17.
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Children’s experience with death is a normative experience occurring around 8 years of age for most (Knight, Elfenbein, & Capozzi, 2000). Though this is an expected part of childhood, the need for and effectiveness of bereavement support for children is outlined in the literature as these experiences can put children at risk for emotional and behavioral difficulties (Samide & Stockton, 2002; Siddaway, Wood, Schulz, and Trickey, 2015). The current presentation outlines the exploratory implementation of grief support groups in a middle and elementary school for children dealing with the death of a loved one to support them in their grief. These 5 weekly sessions were designed and executed using evidence-based and peer-reviewed literature, which will be further discussed in this presentation, along with the theoretical perspective through which this project was approached. Finally, the tool developed to evaluate the outcomes of these sessions will be shared in conjunction with the end results.
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OLIVEIRA, SANDRA RODRIGUES DE. "WHERE ARE YOU NOW THAN HERE, INSIDE ME?: THE GRIEF OF THE MOTHERS OF MISSING CHILDREN." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=12034@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORO desaparecimento de pessoas é um fenômeno complexo que suscita sentimentos ambíguos, tais como esperança/desesperança, tristeza, culpa, raiva e impotência. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto do desaparecimento de um filho, sob circunstâncias desconhecidas, a partir da ótica das mães. Participaram da pesquisa 11 mães com filhos desaparecidos misteriosamente, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre os anos de 2002 e 2005. As crianças tinham entre 11 meses e 11 anos na ocasião do desaparecimento. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas e, a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo, os dados foram agrupados em 4 categorias, assim nomeadas: 1)impacto do desaparecimento; 2) relacionamento com marido/companheiro/namorado/pai da criança; 3) relacionamento com outros filhos; 4) enfrentando o desaparecimento: facilitadores e complicadores. Constatou-se que, diante do desaparecimento súbito e misterioso de seus filhos, todas as participantes apresentaram inicialmente reações de negação, choque, entorpecimento, desespero e medo. Após o choque inicial, foram citadas reações de ansiedade e sentimentos de culpa, impotência, descrença, tristeza e raiva, em contraposição a sentimentos de esperança, fé, determinação e certeza do reencontro com o filho desaparecido. As entrevistadas também se sentiram desamparadas por seus maridos/companheiros atuais, pois esperavam que estes expressassem seu luto da mesma forma que elas, considerando-os inadequados e negligentes por não o fazerem. Na relação com os outros filhos, nota-se que, se por um lado algumas mães tornaram-se superprotetoras, há casos nos quais estas passaram a negligenciá-los. Conclui-se, por fim, que, para estas mães, fatores como a falta de certezas sobre como e onde está o filho, a inexistência de rituais, o prolongamento indefinido da situação e o julgamento de outras pessoas (especialmente de outras mães) podem contribuir negativamente para o processo de elaboração da perda. Por outro lado, a formação de grupos com mães de crianças desaparecidas e a possibilidade de compartilhar sentimentos apresenta-se como um importante recurso para a reestruturação e reorganização destas mulheres.
The disappearance of people is a complex phenomenon that raises ambiguous feelings such as hope/despair, sadness, guilt, anger and helplessness. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the disappearance of a child, under unknown circumstances, from the mothers` perspectives. Eleven mothers with children disappeared mysteriously participated in the survey, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, between 2002 and 2005. The children were between 11 months and 11 years old at the time of the disappearance. Semi-structured interviews were performed and, from the technical analysis of content, the data were grouped into 4 categories, named: 1) impact of the disappearance, 2) relationship with husband / partner / boyfriend / father of the child, 3) relationships with other children, 4) facing the disappearance: facilitators and complications. It was found that, before the sudden and mysterious disappearance of their children, all participants initially had reactions of denial, shock, numbness, despair and fear. After the initial shock, reactions of anxiety and feelings of guilt, helplessness, disbelief, sadness and anger were said, as opposed to feelings of hope, faith, determination and certainty of meeting again the disappeared child. The interviewees also felt helplessness by their husbands / partners, because they hoped to express their mourning in the same way as them, considering them unsuitable and negligent for not acting equally. Regarding to the other children, note that, if on the one hand, some mothers have become overprotective, there are cases where they neglected them. It is concluded, finally, that for these mothers, factors such as the lack of certainty about how and where the child is, the lack of rituals, the indefinite extension of the situation and the judgment of other people (especially by other mothers) can contribute negatively to the process of coping. Furthermore, the formation of groups with mothers of missing children and the possibility of sharing feelings presents itself an important resource for the restructuring and reorganization of these women.
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Cook, Jennifer S. "The assessment of a relational curriculum for the spiritual formation of grieving mothers." Ashland, OH : Ashland Theological Seminary, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.028-0284.
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Nkomo, Nkululeko. "The experience of children carrying responsibility for child-headed households as a result of parental death due to HIV/AIDS." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11162007-121326.
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Lowson, Shona. "Sacred memories : creative art therapy for children in grief : a research paper submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Applied) in Nursing /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/67.
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Gale, Gary. "Coping strategies and interventions to help students through the grief process in the K-12 school system : a practical plan /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36123.pdf.
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Sacks, William Andrew. "Healthcare providers' experience of chronic grief in a pediatric subacute facility." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2034.
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The purpose of this study was: (1) to evaluate the level of grief experienced by healthcare providers in a pediatric subacute facility, (2) to compare the levels of grief between different groups of healthcare providers (Certified Nurses' Aides, Licensed Nurses, and Respiratory Care Practitioners), and (3) to describe the personality/demographic factors that influence a healthcare provider's ability to cope effectively with compound grief.
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Rogers, Catherine. "The effect of the death of a child on midlife mental and physical health an exploration of risk and risilience factors /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07112005-100714/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Title from title screen. Frank J Floyd, committee chair; Martha A. Foster, Lawrence P. Riso, Gregory J. Jurkovic, committee members. Electronic text (121 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 12, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p.104-121).
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Cho, Victoria. "Trouble Comes From the Mouth." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2237.
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Lima, Vanessa Rodrigues de. "Morte na família: um estudo exploratório acerca da comunicação à criança." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-08042009-134438/.
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O presente trabalho investigou como ocorre a comunicação à criança da morte de um familiar próximo (pai, mãe ou irmãos). Os objetivos foram: verificar a adequação dessa comunicação ao nível de compreensão e desenvolvimento cognitivo da criança e compreender como a família colabora ou não para o processo de elaboração do luto infantil por meio das informações e sentimentos que compartilha com a criança ou esconde dela. O método utilizado foi o da pesquisa qualitativa, pela profundidade e vasta possibilidade de interpretações que essa abordagem possibilita, além de uma visão mais ampla do fenômeno abordado. Participaram desta pesquisa, responsáveis por crianças que sofreram a perda por morte de um parente próximo quando tinham entre dois e sete anos, aproximadamente. Os dados foram colhidos por meio de entrevistas abertas, por permitirem a flexibilidade necessária a cada caso particular. As entrevistas foram compreendidas a partir da identificação de categorias recorrentes no discurso dos entrevistados, com base em análise temática. Os resultados trazem a importância de uma comunicação aberta e clara com a criança, além de adequada a seus níveis de compreensão; salientam os benefícios de se compartilharem os sentimentos, apontando para o cuidado do comunicador para com a criança como uma via de mão dupla e, demonstram a força do apoio social da família extensa no período pós-morte. Conclui-se que, apesar de difícil, a comunicação da morte de um parente próximo à criança é imprescindível e deve ser revestida de alguns cuidados básicos por parte do comunicador, que deve ser alguém com quem a criança tenha fortes laços de afetividade.The present work investigates how the communication of the death of a close relative (parents or siblings) to a child occurs. The objectives were to verify the adequacy of such communication to the understanding level and cognitive development of the child and to assess whether the family collaborates in the grieving process, through the information and feelings they share with or hide from the child. The method used is the qualitative research, in view of its depth and the vast possibility of interpretations that this approach allows, besides a wider vision of the phenomenon studied. Participants in this study were those responsible for the children who had suffered the loss, by death, of a close relative between the ages of two and seven, approximately. The data were collected in open interviews, because they allow for the flexibility necessary to each particular case. The interviews were understood through the identification of recurrent categories in the speech of the persons interviewed, according to the thematic analysis. The results pointed out the importance of an open and clear communication with the child, adjusted to her level of understanding. They stress the benefits of sharing emotion, showing that the relationship between communicator and child is a two-way channel and that the social support of the extensive family in the post-death period is very important. Finally, the communication of the death of a close relative to a child is essential, although difficult, and must be endeavored with the utmost care and sensitivity on the part of the communicator, who should be someone ages of two and seven, approximately. The data were collected in open interviews, because they allow for the flexibility necessary to each particular case. The interviews were understood through the identification of recurrent categories in the speech of the persons interviewed, according to the thematic analysis. The results pointed out the importance of an open and clear communication with the child, adjusted to her level of understanding. They stress the benefits of sharing emotion, showing that the relationship between communicator and child is a two-way channel and that the social support of the extensive family in the post-death period is very important. Finally, the communication of the death of a close relative to a child is essential, although difficult, and must be endeavored with the utmost care and sensitivity on the part of the communicator, e with strong affectivity bonds with the child.
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Åslund, Emma. "Små tårar är lika stora : Sju mödrar berättar hur de möter sina barns sorg." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24328.
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Barn får idag inte alltid möjlighet att bearbeta sin sorg. I tron om att de skyddar sina barn utesluter föräldrar barnen från viktiga delar i sorgeprocessen. Hur en person upplever sorghantering i barndomen har inverkan på vilka möjligheter denne får till en hälsosam sorghantering i vuxen ålder. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur föräldrar kan tala med sina barn om sorg, vilken roll föräldrar kan uppleva att de har i sina barns sorghantering samt hur föräldrar kan uppleva att deras barndomsrelaterade erfarenheter av sorghantering har inflytande på hur de talar med sina barn om sorg. Intervjuer gjordes med sju föräldrar. Föräldrarna berättade att de är öppna, lyhörda, involverande och visar närhet samt upplever sin roll i barnens sorg som primär. Tydligt blev att föräldrarnas barndomsrelaterade erfarenheter haft inflytande i hur de talar med sina barn om sorg då majoriteten av föräldrarna medvetet hanterar sorg tvärtemot hur deras föräldrar gjort.
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Lindberg, Emelie. "Barn i sorg : Några pedagogers tankar om hur man kan bemöta barn i sorg i förskolan." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-31383.
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Den här studien handlar om barn som befinner sig i sorg. Begreppet sorg är stort och svårt att förstå. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilken beredskap några pedagoger i förskolan känner att de har när det gäller att möta barn i barngruppen som befinner sig i sorg efter ett dödsfall i sin närhet. Vidare är ett syfte att skapa en bild av hur man som pedagog i förskolan kan bemöta barn i deras sorgearbete och vilka metoder som kan underlätta för dem. Till sist ska studien belysa vilket stöd pedagoger känner att de har för att hjälpa barn i sorg. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur några pedagoger i förskolan upplever sin beredskap när det gäller att möta barn i barngruppen som befinner sig i sorg efter ett dödsfall. Hur beskriver några pedagoger att de vill bemöta ett barn/barngrupp i förskolan som upplevt ett dödsfall i sin närhet? Hur ser arbetet ut i förskolan när det gäller att hantera barns sorg? Vilket stöd känner/önskar pedagogerna att de har för sitt handlande när de gäller att möta barn i sorg? Kvalitativa halvstrukturerade intervjuer med fyra verksamma pedagoger från två olika förskolor har genomförts. Intresset om att fånga hur pedagoger tänker om bemötandet av barn i sorg avgjorde metodvalet. Resultatet visar att de pedagoger som har erfarenhet av möten med barn i sorg känner sig mer förberedda för eventuellt nya sådana situationer. Alla pedagogerna var överens om att en tydlig krisplan är en av de viktigaste delarna för att bemötandet av barnen ska bli så bra som möjligt. Det mest betydelsefulla för ett barn som befinner sig i sorg är att de omges av människor som förstår dem och som ger dem god omsorg. Ett väl fungerande arbetslag utgör en stor styrka och trygghet för pedagogerna själva i arbetet med barn i sorg. Via kunskap och kärlek kan man utifrån olika metoder hjälpa barnen att hitta vägar att bearbeta sin sorg och komma vidare i livet. Leken har en betydande roll när det gäller att låta barnen ge uttryck för sig sorg.
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Woodrow, Eleferia. "The experience of the loss of a sibling : A phenomenological study /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04252007-134513.
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Anderson, Ruth. "Identifying grief in parents who have had children removed from their care within Addictions Services : a pilot study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8434/.
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Background: Grief is an emotional reaction to a loss with negative grief cognitions making grief more complicated to process. Qualitative research has identified factors that may make the removal of a child challenging for birthparents including; blame of self or others, challenges to identity and perception of support from others. Aims: This study piloted the use of a grief questionnaire with an addictions population. It aimed to identify if birthparents experience grief following the removal of their child. The study aimed to identify the differences and similarities in grief between birthparents and bereaved individuals. Design: A cross-sectional design compared three groups from an addictions service; group one birthparents who have had a child removed from their care, group two a bereavement group with on-going distress and group three an addictions population control group who are no longer distressed by a past bereavement. Setting: Participants were 29 community addiction team patients. Measurements: A negative grief cognitions questionnaire (Grief Cognitions Questionnaire), a measure of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and substance use were conducted. Findings: A three-group nonparametric analysis identified that the birthparents and bereaved groups had significantly more negative grief cognitions compared to the control group with large effect sizes. Birthparents reported slightly more negative grief cognitions that the bereaved group with a small effect size. Further nonparametric statistical testing identified that birthparents experience significantly more grief cognitions about self-blame than bereaved individuals with a large effect size. Birthparents reported slightly more negative grief cognitions about self and others with medium effect sizes. Conclusions: Birthparents and bereaved individuals both experience grief as measured by the grief questionnaire, with birthparents experiencing more negative cognitions around self-blame, self and others. Suggestions are made about improving accessibility and feasibility of recruitment and design for future studies.
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Sorensen, Karen. "Good Grief Kids: An Exploratory Analysis of Grieving Children and Teens at The Dougy Center in Portland, Oregon." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2669.
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Every year in the United States, anywhere from 200,000 to 400,000 youths under the age of 19 will experience the death of a parent (or both) or a sibling. The Dougy Center in Portland, Oregon, was established in 1983 to assist grieving children. Support groups are based on principles of nondirective play therapy. During the years 1996-2000, The Dougy Center administered questionnaires to a number of its clients. The results of one of these questionnaires, The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), showed that 48% of those receiving services were severely depressed at the time of entrance into the program with another 15% showing symptoms of mild-moderate depression. Depression is the most commonly studied outcome of grief and mourning among all age groups (children, adolescents, and adults). Two additional questionnaires measured basic symptomatology at the time of intake into the program. The Child Intake Form showed that those ages 3-12 generally had difficulty being around others since the death and wanted to spend more time alone. The Teen Intake Form showed that those ages 13-18 relied upon friends for support following the death; furthermore, normal patterns of eating, sleeping, and attending school have been disrupted since the death. The only questionnaire to be administered after clients had received services was the Family Self-Evaluation (FSE). Children and teens responded to this questionnaire, reporting that since attending groups at The Dougy Center they are feeling better. Many respondents reported that the most helpful aspect of the support groups came from knowing that others were experiencing similar emotions and transitions. Limitations in the reported findings came from too small of a sample size, convenience sampling procedures, administration of an age-inappropriate instrument, and a lack of pretesting and posttesting procedures.
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Ketron, Maisie Lasher. "Parental death : grieving loss of life while sustaining a relationship : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5905.
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