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Journal articles on the topic 'Herbivore grazing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Milchunas, D. G. "Plant community dynamics in shortgrass steppe with grazing relaxation and imposition by large and small herbivores." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 57, no. 1-2 (2011): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.57.1-2.23.

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Semiarid rangelands often respond slowly to rest/relaxation of grazing pressure by large herbivores, and the effects of grazing are most often inferred from this direction of study because the imposition of grazing onto previous ungrazed/lightly grazed areas occurred prior to the age of scientific studies. These rangelands host a diversity of small and large herbivores, but grazing studies most often concern effects of the large generalists. Here, the effects of herbivore body size on plant species richness and dominant species, and imposition and relaxation of grazing by large herbivores were

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Potter, Arjun B., Muhammad Ali Imron, Satyawan Pudyatmoko, and Matthew C. Hutchinson. "Short-term plant-community responses to large mammalian herbivore exclusion in a rewilded Javan savanna." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0255056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255056.

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Grassy biomes such as savannas are maintained by an interacting suite of ecosystem processes from herbivory to rainfall to fire. Many studies have examined the impacts of large mammalian herbivores on herbaceous plant communities, but few of these studies have been conducted in humid, fertile savannas. We present the findings of a short-term experiment that investigated the effects of herbivory in a fertile, humid, and semi-managed savanna. We erected large-herbivore exclosures in Alas Purwo National Park, Java, Indonesia where rainfall is high and fire is suppressed to test how herbivores imp

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3

Faast, Renate, and José M. Facelli. "Grazing orchids: impact of florivory on two species of Caladenia (Orchidaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 57, no. 4 (2009): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt08140.

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Herbivory is considered a major threat in many of the orchid-species recovery plans in Australia. Kangaroos and rabbits are the most commonly implicated herbivores; however, no studies have attempted to confirm their role. Regular monitoring of several populations of Caladenia rigida R.S.Rogers and C. tentaculata Schldl. during 3 years in the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, revealed that up to 94% of flowers and 36% of seed capsules were browsed, whereas leaf herbivory was less prevalent. Furthermore, patterns of herbivory varied markedly among sites and across years. In two seasons, pred

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4

Bakker, E. S., H. Olff, and J. M. Gleichman. "Contrasting effects of large herbivore grazing on smaller herbivores." Basic and Applied Ecology 10, no. 2 (2009): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2007.10.009.

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5

Graham, Mark D., and Rolf D. Vinebrooke. "Trade-offs between herbivore resistance and competitiveness in periphyton of acidified lakes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 4 (1998): 806–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-309.

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It was hypothesized that herbivores regulate periphyton succession in acidified lakes by suppressing loosely attached filamentous algae that otherwise persist and outcompete other growth forms for resources, such as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). This hypothesis was tested by conducting grazer-exclosure experiments over an ice-free season in acidified and circumneutral lakes that differed in DIC concentrations. In each lake, the two-factor experimental design had two herbivore (presence-absence) and five succession (early-late) treatments. Total periphyton biomass was greater and significan

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Fröberg, Lars, Anette Baur, and Bruno Baur. "Field study on the regenerative capacity of three calcicolous lichen species damaged by snail grazing." Lichenologist 38, no. 5 (2006): 491–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282906005469.

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Lichen growth and regeneration depend on the net photosynthetic production, the lateral allocation of products, on abiotic factors, competition and herbivory, and may therefore vary both in space and time (Hill 1981). Herbivores cause different damage to lichens in response to different thallus structure (surface toughness) and growth form, presence/absence of secondary compounds, and due to herbivore-specific differences in feeding (Lawrey 1984; Fröberg et al. 1993; Baur et al. 1994; Hesbacher et al. 1995). Regeneration of artificially damaged lichen tissue has been investigated in detail, fo

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Reķe, Agnese, Anita Zariņa, and Ivo Vinogradovs. "MANAGEMENT OF SEMI-WILD LARGE HERBIVORES’ GRAZING SITES IN LATVIA." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 2019): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol1.4082.

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Large herbivores were a common part of European nature in the pre-agrarian times. With the development of farming and over-hunting, the number of wild large herbivores rapidly decreased. Wild horses and cattle became extinct. In the 1920-30’s, scientists created two new herbivore breeds that resembled the extinct aurochs and tarpans - Heck cattle and Konik horses. Nowadays the introduction of Heck cattle, Konik horses and other similar large herbivore breeds is widely used in specially protected nature territories (SPNT) as a strategic answer to the question – what should we do with the agricu

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Tallowin, J. R. B., A. J. Rook, and S. M. Rutter. "Impact of grazing management on botanical diversity of grasslands." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200011558.

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Grazing is a natural process affecting the composition and structure of plant communities and is widely considered to be an essential nature conservation tool. However, our understanding of the interrelations between grazing by large herbivores and biodiversity is relatively poor. Nature conservation imperatives, to control succession, for example, mean that practice has moved ahead of the science knowledge base on grazing. This gap now needs to be bridged. Improving our understanding of and ability to predict consequences of manipulating grazing pressure, duration, type and/or mix of large he

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9

Kirkpatrick, J. B., and K. L. Bridle. "Comparative Effects of Stock and Wild Vertebrate Herbivore Grazing on Treeless Subalpine Vegetation, Eastern Central Plateau, Tasmania." Australian Journal of Botany 47, no. 6 (1999): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98029.

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The existence of two 25-year-old grazing exclosures on Liawenee Moor, Eastern Central Plateau, Tasmania, created an opportunity to investigate the impacts of vertebrate herbivores on treeless subalpine vegetation. There were three treatments: sheep-, native herbivore- and rabbit-grazed; native herbivore- and rabbit-grazed; no grazing. The amount of bare ground was highest in the sheep-grazed plots, while vegetation cover was greatest in the ungrazed exclosure. The cover of all lifeform groups, except small herbs, was greater in the exclosures than in the sheep-grazed plots. The percentage freq

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10

Eynaud, Yoan, Dylan E. McNamara, and Stuart A. Sandin. "Herbivore space use influences coral reef recovery." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 6 (2016): 160262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160262.

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Herbivores play an important role in marine communities. On coral reefs, the diversity and unique feeding behaviours found within this functional group can have a comparably diverse set of impacts in structuring the benthic community. Here, using a spatially explicit model of herbivore foraging, we explore how the spatial pattern of grazing behaviours impacts the recovery of a reef ecosystem, considering movements at two temporal scales—short term (e.g. daily foraging patterns) and longer term (e.g. monthly movements across the landscape). Model simulations suggest that more spatially constrai

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11

Tanentzap, Andrew J., Mark Vicari, and Dawn R. Bazely. "Ungulate saliva inhibits a grass–endophyte mutualism." Biology Letters 10, no. 7 (2014): 20140460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0460.

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Fungal endophytes modify plant–herbivore interactions by producing toxic alkaloids that deter herbivory. However, studies have neglected the direct effects herbivores may have on endophytes. Antifungal properties and signalling effectors in herbivore saliva suggest that evolutionary pressures may select for animals that mitigate the effects of endophyte-produced alkaloids. Here, we tested whether saliva of moose ( Alces alces ) and European reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) reduced hyphal elongation and production of ergot alkaloids by the foliar endophyte Epichloë festucae associated with the gl

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Guignard, Maïté S., Michael J. Crawley, Dasha Kovalenko, et al. "Interactions between plant genome size, nutrients and herbivory by rabbits, molluscs and insects on a temperate grassland." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1899 (2019): 20182619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2619.

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Angiosperm genome sizes (GS) vary ca 2400-fold. Recent research has shown that GS influences plant abundance, and plant competition. There are also tantalizing reports that herbivores may select plants as food dependent on their GS. To test the hypothesis that GS plays a role in shaping plant communities under herbivore pressure, we exploit a grassland experiment that has experimentally excluded herbivores and applied nutrient over 8 years. Using phylogenetically informed statistical models and path analyses, we show that under rabbit grazing, plant species with small GS generated the most bio

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13

Woolnough, Andrew P., and Christopher N. Johnson. "Assessment of the potential for competition between two sympatric herbivores - the northern hairy-nosed wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii, and the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus." Wildlife Research 27, no. 3 (2000): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr99053.

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The northern hairy-nosed wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii, is a critically endangered grazing herbivore, restricted to a single population of just 65 individuals in the savanna of central Queensland. Lasiorhinus krefftii shares its habitat with another grazing herbivore of similar body size, the eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus. This study investigated the potential for M. giganteus to compete with L. krefftii for food. Analysis of faecal residues demonstrated that both herbivores consumed grass almost exclusively, with the exception of small quantities of sedges and dicotyledons. Dietary

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14

Mosley, Jeffrey C., Rachel A. Frost, Brent L. Roeder, Tracy K. Mosley, and Gerald Marks. "Combined Herbivory by Targeted Sheep Grazing and Biological Control Insects to Suppress Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea stoebe)." Invasive Plant Science and Management 9, no. 1 (2016): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-15-00034.1.

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AbstractThe use of biological control insects is a promising option for suppressing spotted knapweed, a nonindigenous perennial forb that infests more than 3 million hectares of North American rangeland. Efficacy increases when spotted knapweed is attacked by more than one phytophagous insect; however, combined herbivory by biological control insects has not achieved widespread suppression of spotted knapweed in North America. Here we expand the concept of combined herbivory beyond two or more species of biological control insects to include a vertebrate herbivore, specifically targeted grazin

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15

Arsenault, Randal, and Norman Owen-Smith. "Facilitation versus competition in grazing herbivore assemblages." Oikos 97, no. 3 (2002): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.970301.x.

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16

Smith, David L. "A test of the herbivore optimization hypothesis using muskoxen and a graminoid meadow plant community." Rangifer 16, no. 2 (1996): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.16.2.1199.

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A prediction from the herbivore optimization hypothesis is that grazing by herbivores at moderate intensities will increase net above-ground primary productivity more than at lower or higher intensities. I tested this hypothesis in an area of high muskox {Ovibos moschatus) density on north-central Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada (73&deg;50'N, 119&deg;53'W). Plots (1 m2) in graminoid meadows dominated by cottongrass (Eriophorum triste) were either clipped, exposed to muskoxen, protected for part of one growing season, or permanently protected. This resulted in the removal of

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17

Gedge, Kevin E., and M. A. Maun. "Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 12 (1992): 2467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-305.

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Cakile edentula var. lucustris (sea rocket) and Corispermum hyssopifolium (bugseed) are two annual flowering plants that grow on the sandy shores of the Great Lakes. This habitat is extremely unpredictable and plants are subject to grazing by a number of insect herbivores as well as browsing by white-tailed deer. The objectives of these studies were to estimate the extent of herbivore damage under natural conditions, to determine the most vulnerable stage of damage, and to examine the compensatory ability of each species to tolerate herbivory. Greenhouse experiments showed that both species we

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18

Pereira, R. C., B. A. P. da Gama, V. L. Teixeira, and Y. Yoneshigue-Valentin. "Ecological roles of natural products of the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia obtusa." Brazilian Journal of Biology 63, no. 4 (2003): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842003000400013.

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Laboratory and field experiments were performed to assess the ecological roles of natural products produced by the Brazilian red seaweed Laurencia obtusa. Laboratory assays revealed that the natural concentration of the crude organic extract of L. obtusa significantly inhibited feeding by two herbivores: the crab Pachygrapsus transversus and the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. It was verified that this chemically defensive action was due to halogenated sesquiterpenoid elatol, found to be the major natural product of this red seaweed. In addition, it was verified that the antifouling property

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Baubin, Capucine, Dorothée Ehrich, Virve Ravolainen, et al. "First results from an experiment excluding three sizes classes of herbivores from tundra vegetation in southern Yamal, Russia." Czech Polar Reports 6, no. 2 (2016): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cpr2016-2-12.

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Plant-herbivore relationships are important for the functioning of tundra ecosystems. Here, we report the first results from an exclosure experiment that, something very few studies have done, separated the impact of three sizes of herbivores (small, medium and large) on nine functional groups of plants in the low arctic tundra of the Yamal Peninsula (Russia). Herbivore faeces counts in the exclosures and pictures from automatic cameras proved that the experimental setup worked. The majority of plant groups did not respond to exclusion of herbivores, supporting our expectation that vegetation

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Kinga, Geoffrey W., John Mironga, and Wilfred O. Odadi. "Analysis of the Spatial Relationship between Cattle and Wild Ungulates across Different Land-Use Systems in a Tropical Savanna Landscape." International Journal of Ecology 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2072617.

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In many African savanna landscapes, domestic and wild herbivores cooccur across different land-use systems, but the role of land-use in shaping their spatial relationship is poorly understood. We evaluated the spatial relationship between cattle and wild herbivores categorized by body sizes and feeding habits across different land-use types, namely, private ranches (PR), transitional lands (TRL), and pastoral grazing areas (PGA), in Laikipia County, Kenya. Cattle and wild herbivores spatial distribution data were obtained from Kenya’s Department of Resources Survey and Remote Sensing (DRSRS).

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Newman, J. A., A. J. Parsons, J. H. M. Thornley, P. D. Penning, and J. R. Krebs. "Optimal Diet Selection by a Generalist Grazing Herbivore." Functional Ecology 9, no. 2 (1995): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2390572.

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22

Turner, Wendy C., Kyrre L. Kausrud, Yathin S. Krishnappa, et al. "Fatal attraction: vegetation responses to nutrient inputs attract herbivores to infectious anthrax carcass sites." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1795 (2014): 20141785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1785.

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Parasites can shape the foraging behaviour of their hosts through cues indicating risk of infection. When cues for risk co-occur with desired traits such as forage quality, individuals face a trade-off between nutrient acquisition and parasite exposure. We evaluated how this trade-off may influence disease transmission in a 3-year experimental study of anthrax in a guild of mammalian herbivores in Etosha National Park, Namibia. At plains zebra ( Equus quagga ) carcass sites we assessed (i) carcass nutrient effects on soils and grasses, (ii) concentrations of Bacillus anthracis (BA) on grasses

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Hutchings, Michael R., Iain J. Gordon, Ilias Kyriazakis, Ewen Robertson, and Frank Jackson. "Grazing in heterogeneous environments: infra- and supra-parasite distributions determine herbivore grazing decisions." Oecologia 132, no. 3 (2002): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-002-0971-z.

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Staver, A. Carla, and Gareth P. Hempson. "Seasonal dietary changes increase the abundances of savanna herbivore species." Science Advances 6, no. 40 (2020): eabd2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd2848.

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African savannas are home to the world’s last great megafaunal communities, but despite ongoing population declines, we only poorly understand the constraints on savanna herbivore abundances. Seasonal diet shifts (except migration) have received little attention, despite a diversity of possible dietary strategies. Here, we first formulate two theoretical models that predict that both mixed feeding and migratory grazing increase population sizes. These predictions are borne out in comprehensive data across African savanna parks: Mixed feeders are the most abundant herbivores in Africa, alongsid

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Bloor, Juliette M. G., Antoine Tardif, and Julien Pottier. "Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Structure, Plant N Pools and Soil N Content in Relation to Grassland Management." Agronomy 10, no. 5 (2020): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050716.

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Spatial heterogeneity in plant and soil properties plays a key role for biogeochemical cycling, nutrient losses and ecosystem function. Different management practices are expected to induce varying levels of spatial heterogeneity in agroecosystems, but the effects of contrasting biomass removal regimes and herbivore species on grassland variability and spatial pattern have faced little attention. We carried out a spatially-explicit sampling campaign and geostatistical analyses to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of the biomass and N in plants and soil for three management treatments (mowing,

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GLIGA, Adrian, and Dumitrița DASCĂLU. "Wild Herbivore Forage Preferences in Semi-Natural Mountain Hay-Meadows." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Agriculture 77, no. 2 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:2020.0038.

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In the context of increasing grassland abandonment we observed wild herbivore impact on the vegetation in order to understand their influence. To quantify semi-natural grassland usage by wild herbivores, we determined grazing intake in semi-natural hay-meadows surrounded by forest vegetation. Grazing exclusion cages were placed at three locations in the Valea Mare village area situated in Bistriţa-Năsăud County, Romania, from 1 April 2014 – 5 October 2014. Sampling took place at two times during this period, first shortly before the hay meadows were mowed and second at the end of the vegetatio

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Bailey, Derek W., John E. Gross, Emilio A. Laca, et al. "Mechanisms That Result in Large Herbivore Grazing Distribution Patterns." Journal of Range Management 49, no. 5 (1996): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4002919.

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Mysterud, Atle, Ragnar Aaserud, Lars Ove Hansen, Kjetil Åkra, Stefan Olberg, and Gunnar Austrheim. "Large herbivore grazing and invertebrates in an alpine ecosystem." Basic and Applied Ecology 11, no. 4 (2010): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2010.02.009.

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Pryke, James S., Francois Roets, and Michael J. Samways. "Wild Herbivore Grazing Enhances Insect Diversity over Livestock Grazing in an African Grassland System." PLOS ONE 11, no. 10 (2016): e0164198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0164198.

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Zhang, Hongmao, Yu Wang, and Zhibin Zhang. "Domestic goat grazing disturbance enhances tree seed removal and caching by small rodents in a warm-temperate deciduous forest in China." Wildlife Research 36, no. 7 (2009): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09001.

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Context. Grazing by large herbivores may have a considerable influence on ground vegetation as well as on the species composition and abundance of granivors (e.g. small rodents) and this may affect forest regeneration. Very few studies have focussed on the effects of herbivore disturbance on forest regeneration by looking at the modified seed-hoarding behaviour of small rodents. Aims. To test the indirect effects that grazing disturbance by domestic animals has on seed dispersal through the modified seed-hoarding behaviour of small rodents. Methods. We looked at the differences in seed removal

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Fröberg, Lars, Anette Baur, and Bruno Baur. "Differential herbivore damage to calcicolous lichens by snails." Lichenologist 25, no. 1 (1993): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1993.1015.

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AbstractA laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the damage caused by snail grazing to 35 calcicolous lichen species and cyanobacteria from the Baltic island of Oland, Sweden. Individuals of four species of land snails (Balea perversa, Chondrina cliema, Clausilia bidentata and Helicigona lapicida) were allowed to graze on identified lichen species growing on pieces of limestone. Snail grazing on thalli and ascocarps was classified into four categories ranging from no damage to completely eaten. In general, some lichen species were heavily grazed, whereas others were only slightly dam

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van Asperen, Eline N., Jason R. Kirby, and Helen E. Shaw. "Relating dung fungal spore influx rates to animal density in a temperate environment: Implications for palaeoecological studies." Holocene 30, no. 2 (2019): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619875804.

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The management of the remainder of Europe’s once extensive forests is hampered by a poor understanding of the character of the vegetation and drivers of change before the onset of clearance for farming. Pollen data indicate a closed-canopy, mixed-deciduous forest, contrasting with the assertion that large herbivores would have maintained a mosaic of open grassland, regenerating scrub and forested groves. Coprophilous fungal spores from sedimentary sequences are increasingly used as a proxy for past herbivore impact on vegetation, but the method faces methodological and taphonomical issues. Usi

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Kirathe, Joseph Nderitu, John Maina Githaiga, Robert Mutugi Chira, and Daniel Rubenstein. "Land use influence on distribution and abundance of herbivores in Samburu-Laikipia, Kenya." Journal of Sustainability, Environment and Peace 4, no. 1 (2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53537/jsep.2021.07.003.

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The distribution and abundance of different wildlife herbivores was studied in Samburu-Laikipia landscape. The study sites included; Mpala and Oljogi, both commercial ranches in Laikipia district; Oldonyiro and Kipsing community areas in Isiolo district; West Gate Conservancy, Ngaroni Community area, Kalama Community area and Sessia-Barsalinga Community area in Samburu district; and Buffalo Spring National Reserve and Samburu National Reserve both protected areas in the landscape. The objectives of the study were: 1) Determine the influence of different land use on seasonal abundances and dist

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Yang, Fan, Quanqin Shao, and Zhigang Jiang. "A Population Census of Large Herbivores Based on UAV and Its Effects on Grazing Pressure in the Yellow-River-Source National Park, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (2019): 4402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224402.

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Using the Yellow-River-Source National Park (YRSNP) as a study site, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing and line transect method was used to investigate the number of wild herbivorous animals and livestock, including the kiang (Equus kiang) and Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata). A downscaling algorithm was used to generate the forage yield data in YRSNP based on a 30-m spatial resolution. On this basis, we estimated the forage–livestock balance, which included both wild animals and livestock, and analyzed the effects of functional zone planning in national parks on the forag

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Herder, Michael den, Samuli Helle, Pekka Niemelä, Heikki Henttonen, and Timo Helle. "Large Herbivore Grazing Limits Small-Mammal Densities in Finnish Lapland." Annales Zoologici Fennici 53, no. 3-4 (2016): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5735/086.053.0404.

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Day, T. A., and J. K. Detling. "Grassland Patch Dynamics and Herbivore Grazing Preference Following Urine Deposition." Ecology 71, no. 1 (1990): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940258.

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Leavitt, P. R., and S. R. Carpenter. "Regulation of Pigment Sedimentation by Photo-Oxidation and Herbivore Grazing." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 6 (1990): 1166–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-136.

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Reversed-phase high pressure liquid chromatography was used to show that algal carotenoid sedimentation is regulated by photo-oxidation and herbivore grazing in three unproductive, north-temperate lakes. Comparison of algal carotenoid and biovolume standing stocks revealed that carotenoid concentrations in epilimnetic waters were influenced by nonplanktonic inputs of pigments as well as phytoplankton community composition. Sediment traps did not record weekly events in the water column. Pigments that were incorporated in zooplankton feces and sank rapidly (e.g. alioxanthm and pheophorbide a) w

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Lewis, Sara M., and Peter C. Wainwright. "Herbivore abundance and grazing intensity on a Caribbean coral reef." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 87, no. 3 (1985): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(85)90206-0.

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BêTY, Joël, Maude Graham-Sauvé, Pierre Legagneux, Marie-Christine Cadieux, and Gilles Gauthier. "Fading indirect effects in a warming arctic tundra." Current Zoology 60, no. 2 (2014): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/60.2.189.

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Abstract Indirect interactions in food webs can strongly influence the net effect of global change on ecological communities yet they are rarely quantified and hence remain poorly understood. Using a 22-year time series, we investigated climate-induced and predator-mediated indirect effects on grazing intensity in the tundra food web of Bylot Island, which experienced a warming trend over the last two decades. We evaluated the relative effects of environmental parameters on the proportion of plant biomass grazed by geese in wetlands and examined the temporal changes in the strength of these ca

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Morgan, Helen R., Guy Ballard, Peter J. S. Fleming, Nick Reid, Remy Van der Ven, and Karl Vernes. "Estimating macropod grazing density and defining activity patterns using camera-trap image analysis." Wildlife Research 45, no. 8 (2018): 706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17162.

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Context When measuring grazing impacts of vertebrates, the density of animals and time spent foraging are important. Traditionally, dung pellet counts are used to index macropod grazing density, and a direct relationship between herbivore density and foraging impact is assumed. However, rarely are pellet deposition rates measured or compared with camera-trap indices. Aims The aims were to pilot an efficient and reliable camera-trapping method for monitoring macropod grazing density and activity patterns, and to contrast pellet counts with macropod counts from camera trapping, for estimating ma

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NYAHONGO, J. W., M. L. EAST, F. A. MTURI, and H. HOFER. "Benefits and costs of illegal grazing and hunting in the Serengeti ecosystem." Environmental Conservation 32, no. 4 (2005): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892906002566.

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Two forms of natural resource use (meat hunting and livestock grazing) were investigated at three sites in the western region of the Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania. Statutory management of natural resources in this region was designated as National Park, Game Reserve or village council. A quasi-experimental design examined factors likely to alter the cost and benefit of illegal use by ranking areas within sites in relation to these factors. Factors likely to alter costs were the chance of arrest, determined by the presence or absence of guard posts, and the distance travelled to the site of exp

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Zimmer, Heidi C., Singarayer K. Florentine, Rita Enke, and Martin Westbrooke. "Rainfall and grazing: not the only barriers to arid-zone conifer recruitment." Australian Journal of Botany 65, no. 2 (2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt16104.

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An understanding of the drivers of infrequent recruitment is fundamental in managing for species persistence. Callitris glaucophylla Joy Thomps. & L.A.S. Johnson (white cypress-pine) is a slow-growing, long-lived conifer, with a distribution that extends across arid Australia. Arid populations of C. glaucophylla are endangered in New South Wales, and are characterised by infrequent recruitment. We examined recruitment patterns of C. glaucophylla in differential grazing exclosures (excluding rabbits, excluding large herbivores or excluding both) and in unfenced areas. More recruitment occur

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Mutze, G. "Barking up the wrong tree? Are livestock or rabbits the greater threat to rangeland biodiversity in southern Australia?" Rangeland Journal 38, no. 6 (2016): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj16047.

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Increasing provision of permanent water points has put most Australian pastoral rangelands within grazing distance of sheep, cattle, kangaroos and large feral herbivores, and there is concern that grazing-sensitive native plants will be lost as a result. Proposals have been developed to conserve plant biodiversity by permanently excluding livestock from any areas that are remote from permanent water, or to buy back pastoral properties and remove existing water points to create large reserves. There is, however, little evidence that water-remote areas provide refuge for grazing-sensitive plants

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Davis, Naomi E., Julian Di Stefano, Graeme Coulson, Jim Whelan, and John Wright. "Vegetation management influences habitat use by mammalian herbivores in shrub-encroached grassy woodland." Wildlife Research 43, no. 5 (2016): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15218.

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Context Restoration of disturbed vegetation communities commonly involves altering vegetation composition and structure, attributes that can influence the suitability of habitat for fauna. Feedbacks may occur whereby changes to the vegetation affect mammalian herbivores, and unintended changes may prevent managers from achieving conservation goals. Aims To understand how vegetation management affects habitat use by five mammalian herbivores, namely eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), swamp wallaby (Wallabia bicolor), common wombat (Vombatus ursinus), European rabbit (Oryctolagus cunicu

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Lee, S. Y. "Herbivory as an ecological process in a Kandelia candel (Rhizophoraceae) mangal in Hong Kong." Journal of Tropical Ecology 7, no. 3 (1991): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400005605.

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ABSTRACTNatural levels and consequences of insect herbivory were studied for a Kandelia candel (Rhizophoraceae) dominated mangal at the Mai Po Marshes, Hong Kong. Grazing insects (mainly lepidopteran larvae) consumed, on average, 10.3% of the leaf area on K. candel, with >90% of the leaves suffering <30% loss. Natural median leaf longevity was significantly different between winter and summer-exposed leaves, being, respectively, 423.2 and 269.6 days. Observations showed that herbivore damage caused a reduction of leaf longevity, as severely damaged leaves were abscissed before intact, ol

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Cerling, Thure E., Samuel A. Andanje, Scott A. Blumenthal, et al. "Dietary changes of large herbivores in the Turkana Basin, Kenya from 4 to 1 Ma." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 37 (2015): 11467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1513075112.

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A large stable isotope dataset from East and Central Africa from ca. 30 regional collection sites that range from forest to grassland shows that most extant East and Central African large herbivore taxa have diets dominated by C4 grazing or C3 browsing. Comparison with the fossil record shows that faunal assemblages from ca. 4.1–2.35 Ma in the Turkana Basin had a greater diversity of C3–C4 mixed feeding taxa than is presently found in modern East and Central African environments. In contrast, the period from 2.35 to 1.0 Ma had more C4-grazing taxa, especially nonruminant C4-grazing taxa, than

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Davies, Hugh F., Stefan W. Maier, and Brett P. Murphy. "Feral cats are more abundant under severe disturbance regimes in an Australian tropical savanna." Wildlife Research 47, no. 8 (2020): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19198.

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Abstract ContextThere is an increasing awareness that feral cats play a key role in driving the ongoing decline of small mammals across northern Australia; yet, the factors that control the distribution, abundance and behaviour of feral cats are poorly understood. These key knowledge gaps make it near-impossible for managers to mitigate the impacts of cats on small mammals. AimsWe investigated the environmental correlates of feral cat activity and abundance across the savanna woodlands of Melville Island, the larger of the two main Tiwi Islands, northern Australia. MethodsWe conducted camera-t

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J. Page, Manda, and R. J. S. Beeton. "Is the removal of domestic stock sufficient to restore semi-arid conservation areas?" Pacific Conservation Biology 6, no. 3 (2000): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc000245.

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Increasingly, conservation areas are proclaimed in non-pristine environments that have biodiversity values and the issue of how to change the management regime to restore such landscapes arises. Before gazettal in 1992, Currawinya National Park (28�52'S, 144�30'E) in south-west Queensland's mulga lands was grazed by domestic stock for over 130 years. Following gazettal, the area was destocked and a monitoring programme initiated to determine the response by the vegetation. This paper describes the grass dynamics in three vegetation communities on Currawinya National Park with three different g

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Dumont, Bertrand, Nicolas Rossignol, Francis Decuq, Priscilla Note, and Anne Farruggia. "How does pasture size alter plant–herbivore interactions among grazing cattle?" Grass and Forage Science 75, no. 4 (2020): 438–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12503.

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Wood, Kevin A., Richard A. Stillman, Francis Daunt, and Matthew T. O’Hare. "Evaluating the Effects of Population Management on a Herbivore Grazing Conflict." PLoS ONE 8, no. 2 (2013): e56287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056287.

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