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Journal articles on the topic 'High-income populations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Green, M. P., and R. Chigurupati. "Disparities between Populations with Oral Cancer in Low and Middle Income and High Income Countries." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 72, no. 9 (2014): e40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.476.

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Dlima, Schenelle Dayna, Alex Hall, Abodunrin Quadri Aminu, Asangaedem Akpan, Chris Todd, and Emma R. L. C. Vardy. "Frailty: a global health challenge in need of local action." BMJ Global Health 9, no. 8 (2024): e015173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2024-015173.

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Frailty is a complex, age-related clinical condition that involves multiple contributing factors and raises the risk of adverse outcomes in older people. Given global population ageing trends, the growing prevalence and incidence of frailty pose significant challenges to health and social care systems in both high-income and lower-income countries. In this review, we highlight the disproportionate representation of research on frailty screening and management from high-income countries, despite how lower-income countries are projected to have a larger share of older people aged ≥60. However, m

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Bolling, Anette Kocbach, Jesse Daniel Thacher, Søren Toksvig Klitkou, et al. "Socioeconomic inequalities in burden of disease due to traffic noise in the Nordic countries." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 3 (2023): 4791–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0692.

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Environmental noise is the second largest environmental risk factor in disease burden estimates for Europe. While socioeconomic inequalities in noise exposure have been reported, the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the disease burden attributable to noise exposure has to our knowledge not been reported previously. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of SES on traffic noise exposure and the associated disease burden in selected Nordic populations. We employed nationwide data on road traffic noise exposure and SES from Danish and Norwegian Nationwide Models. The impact of house

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Hammitt, James K., and Lisa A. Robinson. "The Income Elasticity of the Value per Statistical Life: Transferring Estimates between High and Low Income Populations." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 2, no. 1 (2011): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/2152-2812.1009.

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The income elasticity of the value per statistical life (VSL) is an important parameter for policy analysis. Mortality risk reductions often dominate the quantified benefits of environmental and other policies, and estimates of their value are frequently transferred across countries with significantly different income levels. U.S. regulatory agencies typically assume that a 1.0 percent change in real income over time will lead to a 0.4 to 0.6 percent change in the VSL. While elasticities within this range are supported by substantial research, they appear nonsensical if applied to populations

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French, Kimberly A., and Mark D. Agars. "Work–Family Culture in Low-Income Environments." Journal of Career Development 45, no. 1 (2016): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894845316664178.

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The current study examined whether a work–family culture measure can be used across diverse income groups. We compared measure structure and criterion-related validity for low-income ( n = 327) and high-income ( n = 400) samples. Differences in measurement structure between the two groups were examined using measurement invariance, and differences in prediction were examined using multiple regression. Results indicate work-family culture facets are not equivalent across groups, and some relationships are weaker for low-income workers compared to high-income workers. Findings suggest that resea

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Cottrill, Caitlin D., and Piyushimita (Vonu) Thakuriah. "Evaluating pedestrian crashes in areas with high low-income or minority populations." Accident Analysis & Prevention 42, no. 6 (2010): 1718–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.04.012.

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Caron, J., and A. Liu. "A descriptive study of the prevalence of psychological distress and mental disorders in the Canadian population: comparison between low-income and non-low-income populations." Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada 30, no. 3 (2010): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.30.3.03.

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Objective This descriptive study compares rates of high psychological distress and mental disorders between low-income and non-low-income populations in Canada. Methods Data were collected through the Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2), which surveyed 36 984 Canadians aged 15 or over; 17.9% (n = 6620) was classified within the low-income population using the Low Income Measure. The K-10 was used to measure psychological distress and the CIDI for assessing mental disorders. Results One out of 5 Canadians reported high psychological distress, and 1 out of

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Naito, Ryo, Darryl P. Leong, Shrikant Ishver Bangdiwala, et al. "Impact of social isolation on mortality and morbidity in 20 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries in five continents." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 3 (2021): e004124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004124.

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ObjectiveTo examine the association between social isolation and mortality and incident diseases in middle-aged adults in urban and rural communities from high-income, middle-income and low-income countries.DesignPopulation-based prospective observational study.SettingUrban and rural communities in 20 high income, middle income and low income.Participants119 894 community-dwelling middle-aged adults.Main outcome measuresAssociations of social isolation with mortality, cardiovascular death, non-cardiovascular death and incident diseases.ResultsSocial isolation was more common in middle-income a

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Luo, Jing. "Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree between Permanent Population and Per Capita Disposable Income in Guangzhou Based on GIS." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 6, no. 1 (2022): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v6i1.2289.

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Regarding the economic development of the region, the per capita disposable income is closely related to the number of residents. A method of coupling coordination degree with ArcGIS analysis is used in this article for analyzing the degree of match between per capita disposable income and resident population in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, between 2016 and 2020, using the method of coupling coordination degree and combining ArcGIS analysis. Based on the results, it appears that the majority of the residents of Guangzhou reside in Panyu District, Baiyun District, and Tianhe District,

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Hammitt, James K. "Extrapolating the Value Per Statistical Life Between Populations: Theoretical Implications." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 8, no. 2 (2017): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2017.13.

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Extrapolation of estimates of the value per statistical life (VSL) from high- to low- or middle-income populations requires attention to the possible effects of differences in income, current mortality risk, health, life expectancy, and many other factors. The standard theoretical model of VSL implies that VSL increases with income and decreases with current mortality risk. The effect of mortality risk is likely to be negligible while the effect of income is large and poorly quantified. Effects of differences in life expectancy and health are theoretically ambiguous. Effects of other factors,

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Xiong, Zirui, Rui Zhang, and Weiming Wu. "Mechanism analysis of traffic accident prone points based on The Spatial Durbin Model." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 44 (April 13, 2023): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v44i.7272.

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The significant increase of freight traffic related collision accidents has aroused people's increasing concern about road safety. Using data from California, this paper studies the spatial relationship between freight related traffic accidents and low-income and minority communities. The study found that household income and minority population were significantly correlated with the density of freight related crashes and freight related crashes that led to serious casualties. Compared with areas with high-income groups, areas with low economic status, such as blacks and Asians, are more than

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Leme, Ana Carolina B., Sophia Hou, Regina Mara Fisberg, Mauro Fisberg, and Jess Haines. "Adherence to Food-Based Dietary Guidelines: A Systemic Review of High-Income and Low- and Middle-Income Countries." Nutrients 13, no. 3 (2021): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13031038.

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Research comparing the adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) across countries with different socio-economic status is lacking, which may be a concern for developing nutrition policies. The aim was to report on the adherence to FBDGs in high-income (HIC) and low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC). A systematic review with searches in six databases was performed up to June 2020. English language articles were included if they investigated a population of healthy children and adults (7–65 years), using an observational or experimental design evaluating adherence to national FBDGs. Fi

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Chen, Xiaolu, Haoyang Li, and Bingbing Sun. "Relationship between Ultra-processed Food Consumption and Obesity in Low-income Populations." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 123 (December 24, 2024): 653–57. https://doi.org/10.54097/8g7x5102.

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Background: In recent years, the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UFPs) has increased rapidly in various countries, and based on this, various health problems such as chronic diseases such as obesity are common, especially in the consumption patterns of low-income groups. This is not only a serious threat to individual health but also causes various pressures on the public health system. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the consumption behavior of low-income people on UFPs and its impact on health. Results: Data analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding

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Etowa, Josephine, Sheryl Beauchamp, Manal Fseifes, et al. "Understanding Low Vaccine Uptake in the Context of Public Health in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review." Vaccines 12, no. 3 (2024): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12030269.

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Although the COVID-19 pandemic has caused the need for the largest mass vaccination campaign ever undertaken to date, African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) populations have shown both a disproportionately high degree of negative impacts from the pandemic and the lowest willingness to become vaccinated. This scoping review aims to investigate low vaccine uptake in ACB populations relative to public health in high-income countries. A search was conducted in MEDLINE(R) ALL (OvidSP), Embase (OvidSP), CINAHL (EBSCOHost), APA PsycInfo (OvidSP), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (OvidS

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Deng, Florence, Liza Nooristani, and Aarani Selvaganesh. "Sounding the Alarm: The Code Red Project and Poverty’s Grip on Healthcare." Meducator 1, no. 44 (2024): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15173/m.v1i44.3617.

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Hamilton is a city of dichotomies. Its dense inner-city and sprawling suburbia constitute a unique microcosm of larger, global wealth inequalities. The entrenchment of poverty has rippling effects on healthcare access and outcomes both within Hamilton and globally, exacerbating discrepancies in the social determinants of health between high-income and low-income populations. Despite having universal healthcare, Canada inadequately addresses healthcare concerns in low-income and homeless populations nationwide and, notably, within Hamilton.

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Du, Yajie, Ming Jing, Chunyu Lu, Jingru Zong, Lingli Wang, and Qing Wang. "Global Population Exposure to Extreme Temperatures and Disease Burden." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (2022): 13288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013288.

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The frequency and duration of extreme temperature events continues to increase worldwide. However, the scale of population exposure and its quantitative relationship with health risks remains unknown on a global scale, limiting our ability to identify policy priorities in response to climate change. Based on data from 171 countries between 2010 and 2019, this study estimated the exposure of vulnerable populations to extreme temperatures, and their contemporary and lag associations with disease burden attributed to non-optimal temperatures. Fixed-effects models and dynamic panel models were app

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Anushuya, Ghosh, Suresh K. Vishnu, S. Dr.Vinoth, and Gopalakrishnan. C. Dr. "Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Financial Services for Low-Income Populations." Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Financial Services for Low-Income Populations 8, no. 11 (2023): 8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10149101.

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This research focuses on the challenges and opportunities associated with digital financial services  for low-income populations. The study reveals that low- income individuals face several barriers to accessing and  utilizing digital financial services. These challenges include limited awareness or knowledge about such services, lack of trust, inadequate digital literacy and skills, high costs, insufficient infrastructure, and poor mobile network coverage. Addressing these challenges is crucial to enable greater adoption and usage of digital financial services among low-income popul

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Immordino, Palmira, Davide Graci, Alessandra Casuccio, Vincenzo Restivo, and Walter Mazzucco. "COVID-19 Vaccination in Migrants and Refugees: Lessons Learnt and Good Practices." Vaccines 10, no. 11 (2022): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111965.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated inequalities between low- and high-income countries. Within the latter, a greater impact is seen in the poorest and most vulnerable people, including refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants. They all may experience poor access to quality healthcare or have suboptimal health-seeking behavior, distrust of governments, or fear of detention and deportation if seeking healthcare. Some refugees and migrants may face multiple barriers to vaccination and access to health systems that are relevant to the administration of COVID-19 vaccines, despite the growing inclu

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Woods, Cindy E., Kim Usher, and Graeme Paul Maguire. "Obstructive sleep apnoea in adult indigenous populations in high-income countries: an integrative review." Sleep and Breathing 19, no. 1 (2014): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11325-014-1032-7.

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Cáceres, Carlos F., Kelika A. Konda, Ximena Salazar, et al. "New Populations at High Risk of HIV/STIs in Low-income, Urban Coastal Peru." AIDS and Behavior 12, no. 4 (2007): 544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9348-y.

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Ingram, Melissa, Randi B. Wolfe, and Joyce M. Lieberman. "The Role of Parents in High-Achieving Schools Serving Low-Income, At-Risk Populations." Education and Urban Society 39, no. 4 (2007): 479–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124507302120.

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Kuo, Chun-Tung, and Ichiro Kawachi. "County-Level Income Inequality, Social Mobility, and Deaths of Despair in the US, 2000-2019." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 7 (2023): e2323030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.23030.

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ImportanceIncreasing mortality from suicide, drug overdose, and alcohol-related liver disease (collectively referred to as deaths of despair) is a critical public health crisis. Income inequality and social mobility have been separately associated with all-cause mortality; however, no studies have examined their interaction with these preventable deaths.ObjectiveTo assess the interaction between income inequality and social mobility with deaths of despair among working-age Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White populations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional stu

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Mayaud, Jerome, Sam Anderson, Martino Tran, and Valentina Radić. "Insights from Self-Organizing Maps for Predicting Accessibility Demand for Healthcare Infrastructure." Urban Science 3, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3010033.

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As urban populations grow worldwide, it becomes increasingly important to critically analyse accessibility—the ease with which residents can reach key places or opportunities. The combination of ‘big data’ and advances in computational techniques such as machine learning (ML) could be a boon for urban accessibility studies, yet their application in this field remains limited. In this study, we provided detailed predictions of healthcare accessibility across a rapidly growing city and related them to socio-economic factors using a combination of classical and modern data analysis methods. Using

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Lindsay, Rosie K., Francesco Di Gennaro, Peter M. Allen, et al. "Correlates of Physical Activity among Adults with Sight Loss in High-Income-Countries: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (2021): 11763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211763.

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Background: Physical activity (PA) is essential for almost all facets of health; however, research suggests that PA levels among populations with sight loss are critically low. The aim of this review was to identify the correlates of PA among people with sight loss in high income countries, to inform future interventions and policies. Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, The British Journal of Visual Impairment, The Journal of Visual Impairment and grey literature were searched for studies which reported correlates of PA among adults with sight loss. The protocol is availab

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Landon, Bruce E., Laura A. Hatfield, Pieter Bakx, et al. "Differences in Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction for Low- and High-Income Patients in 6 Countries." JAMA 329, no. 13 (2023): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.1699.

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ImportanceDifferences in the organization and financing of health systems may produce more or less equitable outcomes for advantaged vs disadvantaged populations. We compared treatments and outcomes of older high- and low-income patients across 6 countries.ObjectiveTo determine whether treatment patterns and outcomes for patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction differ for low- vs high-income individuals across 6 countries.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsSerial cross-sectional cohort study of all adults aged 66 years or older hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction from 2013

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Chen, Bin, Yao Liu, Bo Yan, Long Wu, and Xiaomin Zhang. "Why were some countries more successful than others in curbing early COVID-19 mortality impact? A cross-country configurational analysis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (2023): e0282617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282617.

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Why was there considerable variation in initial COVID-19 mortality impact across countries? Through a configurational lens, this paper examines which configurations of five conditions—a delayed public-health response, past epidemic experience, proportion of elderly in population, population density, and national income per capita—influence early COVID-19 mortality impact measured by years of life lost (YLL). A fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 80 countries identifies four distinctive pathways associated with high YLL rate and four other different pathways leading to low YLL

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Ball, Harriet A., Athula Sumathipala, Sisira H. Siribaddana, et al. "Genetic and environmental contributions to depression in Sri Lanka." British Journal of Psychiatry 195, no. 6 (2009): 504–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.109.063529.

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BackgroundSusceptibility to depression results from genetic and non-familially shared environmental influences in high-income, Western countries. Environments may play a different role for populations in different contexts.AimsTo examine heritability of depression in the first large, population-based twin study in a low-income country.MethodLifetime depression and a broader measure of depression susceptibility (D-probe) were assessed in 3908 adult twins in Sri Lanka (the CoTASS study).ResultsThere were gender differences for the broad definition (D-probe), with a higher genetic contribution in

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Mallick, Seeme. "Sustainable Income, Employment, and Income Distribution in Indonesia." Pakistan Development Review 46, no. 4II (2007): 579–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v46i4iipp.579-596.

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Production and consumption activities in any economy have a direct impact on the environment. Although increased economic activity and population growth in developing countries continue to exert enormous pressure on their natural environments, the role of the environment is neglected in the estimation of national income. Such neglect at the macroeconomic level is at least in part, an important cause of environmental degradation in developing countries. Since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 at Rio and even as early as middle of the 1980s, a substantial liter

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Varghese, Tintu, Gagandeep Kang, and Andrew Duncan Steele. "Understanding Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy and Effectiveness in Countries with High Child Mortality." Vaccines 10, no. 3 (2022): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030346.

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Rotavirus claims thousands of lives of children globally every year with a disproportionately high burden in low- and lower-middle income countries where access to health care is limited. Oral, live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines have been evaluated in multiple settings in both low- and high-income populations and have been shown to be safe and efficacious. However, the vaccine efficacy observed in low-income settings with high rotavirus and diarrheal mortality was significantly lower than that seen in high-income populations where rotavirus mortality is less common. Rotavirus vaccines have bee

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de Macedo Couto, Rodrigo, Giulia Osório Santana, Otavio T. Ranzani, and Eliseu Alves Waldman. "One Health and surveillance of zoonotic tuberculosis in selected low-income, middle-income and high-income countries: A systematic review." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 6 (2022): e0010428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010428.

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Background Little is known about zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB) due to Mycobacterium bovis burden across the globe. The aim of this study was to describe zTB surveillance programs in selected WHO signatory countries and to assess the relationship of the disease with the country’s income level and the risk of M. bovis transmission. Methods We searched the main articles databases and grey literature for guide documents published between 1980 and 2019. For inclusion, the articles and guide documents had to be in English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, or Italian. Only original articles and narrative a

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Pasdar, Zahra, Tiberiu A. Pana, Kai D. Ewers, et al. "An Ecological Study Assessing the Relationship between Public Health Policies and Severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Healthcare 9, no. 9 (2021): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091221.

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Reliance on government-led policies have heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research on the policies associated with outcomes other than mortality rates remains warranted. We aimed to determine associations between government public health policies on the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. This ecological study including countries reporting ≥25 daily COVID-related deaths until end May 2020, utilised public data on policy indicators described by the Blavatnik school of Government. Associations between policy indicators and severity of the pandemic (mean mortality rate, time to pea

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Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Nathalia, Dominik Abbühl, Zayne Milena Roa-Díaz, Cristopher Kobler-Betancourt, and Annika Frahsa. "COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the general population and under-resourced communities from high-income countries: realist review." BMJ Open 14, no. 4 (2024): e084560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084560.

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ObjectiveTo compare vaccination willingness before rollout and 1 year post-rollout uptake among the general population and under-resourced communities in high-income countries.DesignA realist review.Data sourcesEmbase, PubMed, Dimensions ai and Google Scholar.SettingHigh-income countries.DefinitionsWe definedvaccination willingnessas the proportion of participants willing or intending to receive vaccines prior to availability. We defined vaccine uptake as the real proportion of the population with complete vaccination as reported by each country until November 2021.ResultsWe included data from

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Alvarez-del Arco, Debora, Susana Monge, Amaya Azcoaga, et al. "HIV testing and counselling for migrant populations living in high-income countries: a systematic review." European Journal of Public Health 23, no. 6 (2012): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cks130.

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Pozuelo, Julia R., Raphael Bradenbrink, Maria Flinder Stierna, and Olivier Sterck. "Depression, violence and socioeconomic outcomes among refugees in East Africa: evidence from a multicountry representative survey." BMJ Mental Health 26, no. 1 (2023): e300773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2023-300773.

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BackgroundExisting research on refugee mental health is heavily skewed towards refugees in high-income countries, even though most refugees (83%) are hosted in low-income and middle-income countries. This problem is further compounded by the unrepresentativeness of samples, small sample sizes and low response rates.ObjectiveTo present representative findings on the prevalence and correlates of depression among different refugee subgroups in East Africa.MethodsWe conducted a multicountry representative survey of refugee and host populations in urban and camp contexts in Kenya, Uganda and Ethiop

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Alegria, Katie, Sara Fleszar-Pavlović, Jacqueline Hua, Maria Ramirez Loyola, Hope Reuschel, and Anna V. Song. "How Socioeconomic Status and Acculturation Relate to Dietary Behaviors Within Latino Populations." American Journal of Health Promotion 36, no. 3 (2022): 450–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08901171211059806.

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Purpose Despite having lower socioeconomic status, Latinos in the US experience fewer adverse health outcomes than non-Latinos. However, they are disproportionately affected by diet-related diseases. Among other racial/ethnic groups, high acculturation and low socioeconomic status are associated with worse dietary intake, yet, few studies have investigated these relationships among Latinos. Design 2013–2014 NHANES analyzed to examine pathways through which acculturation, income, nativity, and food security are associated with dietary behaviors. Setting U.S. population-based survey. Sample Surv

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Windus, Janelle L., Samantha J. Stewart, Marc T. P. Adam, et al. "Exploring Dietary Assessment Methods Used to Measure Individual Dietary Intakes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Under-Served Populations in High-Income Countries." Nutrients 17, no. 2 (2025): 360. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020360.

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Background/Objectives: For low- and middle- income country (LMIC) settings, a global nutrition transition is rapidly emerging as diets shift, resulting in a dual burden of malnutrition. High quality dietary intake data for these populations is essential to understand dietary patterns contributing to these nutrition issues. New technology is emerging to address dietary assessment challenges; however, it is unknown how researchers conducting studies with LMIC populations or under-served groups in high-income countries adopt technology-assisted methods. This study aimed to describe the features o

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Kookana, Rai S., Mike Williams, Alistair B. A. Boxall, et al. "Potential ecological footprints of active pharmaceutical ingredients: an examination of risk factors in low-, middle- and high-income countries." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1656 (2014): 20130586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0586.

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Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can enter the natural environment during manufacture, use and/or disposal, and consequently public concern about their potential adverse impacts in the environment is growing. Despite the bulk of the human population living in Asia and Africa (mostly in low- or middle-income countries), limited work relating to research, development and regulations on APIs in the environment have so far been conducted in these regions. Also, the API manufacturing sector is gradually shifting to countries with lower production costs. This paper focuses mainly on APIs for

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Erickson, Robin L., Nivedita Kamath, Arpana Iyengar, et al. "Disparities in kidney care in vulnerable populations: A multinational study from the ISN-GKHA." PLOS Global Public Health 4, no. 12 (2024): e0004086. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0004086.

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Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, displaced people, and refugees, often encounter challenges in accessing healthcare. In this study, we used data from the third iteration of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) to describe kidney care access and delivery to vulnerable populations across countries and regions. Using data from an international survey of clinicians, policymakers, and patient advocates, we assessed the funding and coverage of vulnerable populations on all aspects of kidney replacement therapies (KRT). Overall, 167 count

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Farhat, Nabeela, and Selima Sultana. "Immigrants and Inequality: Evidence from a Minor-Emerging Gateway Metropolitan Area in NC." Southeastern Geographer 63, no. 4 (2023): 340–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sgo.2023.a912265.

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abstract: Socioeconomic inequalities among foreign-born populations in the United States in minor-emerging gateways are rarely discussed in existing inequality literature. This study helps to fill that gap by examining inequality and spatial integration among immigrant, US–born White, and Black populations in a minor gateway metropolitan area of Greensboro–High Point, NC. The 2020 Census five-year (2016–2020) estimate of American Community Survey (ACS) housing and demographic data, the location quotient (LQ), Lorenz curve, and Gini Index are utilized. The LQ values suggest immigrant groups are

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Dorrington, Sarah, Helena Zavos, Harriet Ball, et al. "Trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder and psychiatric disorders in a middle-income setting: prevalence and comorbidity." British Journal of Psychiatry 205, no. 5 (2014): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.141796.

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BackgroundMost studies of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have focused on ‘high-risk’ populations defined by exposure to trauma.AimsTo estimate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a LMIC, the conditional probability of PTSD given a traumatic event and the strength of associations between traumatic events and other psychiatric disorders.MethodOur sample contained a mix of 3995 twins and 2019 non-twins. We asked participants about nine different traumatic exposures, including the category ‘other’, but excluding sexual traum

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Rana, Kritika, Andrew Page, Jennifer L. Kent, and Amit Arora. "Pathways Linking Housing Inequalities and Health Outcomes among Migrant and Refugee Populations in High-Income Countries: A Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (2022): 16627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416627.

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Several high-income countries are currently experiencing an unprecedented and multifaceted housing crisis. The crisis is escalating rapidly, and its negative ramifications are shared disproportionately by migrant and refugee communities. Although housing is often cited as an important social determinant of health, the relationship between housing inequalities and health outcomes in the context of migrant and refugee populations remain under-explored, particularly in high-income countries. This paper presents a protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review which will synthesize the evidence on

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Zare, Hossein, Nicholas S. Meyerson, Chineze Adania Nwankwo, and Roland J. Thorpe. "How Income and Income Inequality Drive Depressive Symptoms in U.S. Adults, Does Sex Matter: 2005–2016." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 10 (2022): 6227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19106227.

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Importance: Depression is one of the leading causes of disability in the United States. Depression prevalence varies by income and sex, but more evidence is needed on the role income inequality may play in these associations. Objective: To examine the association between the Poverty to Income Ratio (PIR)—as a proxy for income—and depressive symptoms in adults ages 20 years and older, and to test how depression was concentrated among PIR. Design: Using the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we employed Negative Binomial Regression (NBRG) in a sample of 24,166 a

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Rodríguez, Diana E. Forero, and Milena Lima de Moraes. "Spatial influence on qualitative food consumption in Colombia." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 26, no. 12 (2021): 6165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320212612.25702020.

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Abstract Spatial location is a factor that may facilitate the consumption of processed foods due to the ease of access, especially in highly urbanized, high density populations. This study presents the differences in food consumption in populations with different densities and urban and rural characteristics, and income above and below ten dollars a day. A sample of 2,130 subjects was used from 9 populations that included the Capital of Colombia, outlying medium-sized municipalities, metropolitan-area municipalities and small villages. The results confirm that processed and ultra-processed foo

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Alkhatib, Ahmad, and George Obita. "Childhood Obesity and Its Comorbidities in High-Risk Minority Populations: Prevalence, Prevention and Lifestyle Intervention Guidelines." Nutrients 16, no. 11 (2024): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16111730.

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The prevalence of childhood obesity and its associated comorbidities is a growing global health problem that disproportionately affects populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and minority ethnicities in high-income countries (HICs). The increased childhood obesity disparities among populations reflect two concerns: one is HICs’ ineffective intervention approaches in terms of lifestyle, nutrition and physical activity in minority populations, and the second is the virtually non-existent lifestyle obesity interventions in LMICs. This article provides guidelines on childhood obes

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Azwardi, Azwardi, Sukanto Sukanto, and Nazeli Adnan. "Determinants of health expenditures: income level countries analysis." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 11, no. 1 (2023): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v11i1.21502.

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A global health phenomenon, in particular, there is a significant difference between health spending in developed and developing countries. This study focuses on modeling health expenditures in short-term and long-term schemes in three categories of countries: low-income countries, moderate-income, and high income from 2000 to 2019. The health expenditure scheme is analyzed using the panel data regression approach as a model of determinants of health expenditures. The results showed relatively significant differences between the determinants of health expenditure variables, including populatio

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Whittemore, MPH, Kate, Mustafa Ali, MPH, Andrew Schroeder, MPA, MA, et al. "Walking distance for vulnerable populations to public health emergency response points of dispensing in New York City." Journal of Emergency Management 19, no. 6 (2021): 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0574.

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During certain public health emergencies, points of dispensing (PODs) may be used to rapidly distribute medical countermeasures such as antibiotics to the general public to prevent disease. Jurisdictions across the country have identified sites for PODs in preparation for such an emergency; in New York City (NYC), the sites are identified based largely on population density. Vulnerable populations, defined for this analysis as persons with income below the federal poverty level, persons with less than a high school diploma, foreign-born persons, persons of color, persons aged ≥65 years, physic

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Sanchez-Martinez, Sergio, Pablo Miki Marti-Castellote, Zahra Hoodbhoy, et al. "Prediction of low birth weight from fetal ultrasound and clinical characteristics: a comparative study between a low- and middle-income and a high-income country." BMJ Global Health 9, no. 12 (2024): e016088. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2024-016088.

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IntroductionAdverse perinatal outcomes (APO) pose a significant global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to analyse two cohorts of high-risk pregnant women for APO to comprehend risk factors and improve prediction accuracy.MethodsWe considered an LMIC and a high-income country (HIC) population to derive XGBoost classifiers to predict low birth weight (LBW) from a comprehensive set of maternal and fetal characteristics including socio-demographic, past and current pregnancy information, fetal biometry and fetoplacental Doppler measurements. Dat

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Huang, Nicole, Laura A. Hatfield, Saeed Al-Azazi, et al. "Comparison of Management and Outcomes of Hip Fractures Among Low- and High-Income Patients in Six High-Income Countries." Journal of General Internal Medicine, December 20, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-024-09274-9.

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Abstract Background There is a perception that income-based disparities are present in most countries but may differ in magnitude. However, there are few international comparisons that describe income-based disparities across countries and none that focus on hip fractures. Objective To compare treatment patterns and outcomes of high- and low-income older adults hospitalized with hip fracture across six high-income countries. Design Retrospective serial cross-sectional cohort study. Participants Adults aged ≥ 66 years hospitalized with hip fracture from 2013 to 2019 in Canada, England, Israel,

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Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Christine Friedenreich, Eric J. Shiroma, and I.-Min Lee. "Physical inactivity and non-communicable disease burden in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries." British Journal of Sports Medicine, March 29, 2021, bjsports—2020–103640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-103640.

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ObjectivesPhysical inactivity is a risk factor for premature mortality and several non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to estimate the global burden associated with physical inactivity, and to examine differences by country income and region.MethodsPopulation-level, prevalence-based population attributable risks (PAR) were calculated for 168 countries to estimate how much disease could be averted if physical inactivity were eliminated. We calculated PARs (percentage of cases attributable to inactivity) for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality and non-commu

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Arulanandam, Bernard, Hamid Beladi, and Avik Chakrabarti. "Obesity and COVID-19 mortality are correlated." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33093-3.

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AbstractIn view of a conspicuous absence of any cross-country study linking obesity and COVID-19 mortality, we conduct an empirical analysis of plausible associations between COVID-19 mortality and the proportion of obese in the adult population distributed across 142 countries around the globe. We observe a statistically significant positive association between COVID-19 mortality and the proportion of obese in adult populations spanning 142 countries. This association holds across countries belonging to different income groups and is not sensitive to a population’s median age, proportion of t

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