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Academic literature on the topic 'Hypertension subtypes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

1

Zeng, Chunyu, Meng Zhang, Laureano D. Asico, Gilbert M. Eisner, and Pedro A. Jose. "The dopaminergic system in hypertension." Clinical Science 112, no. 12 (2007): 583–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20070018.

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Dopamine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by regulating epithelial sodium transport, vascular smooth muscle contractility and production of reactive oxygen species and by interacting with the renin–angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems. Dopamine receptors are classified into D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) subtypes based on their structure and pharmacology. Each of the dopamine receptor subtypes participates in the regulation of blood pressure by mechanisms specific for the subtype. Some receptors regulate blood pressure by influencing the central and/or peripheral nervous system; others influence epithelial transport and regulate the secretion and receptors of several humoral agents. This review summarizes the physiology of the different dopamine receptors in the regulation of blood pressure, and the relationship between dopamine receptor subtypes and hypertension.

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Bogousslavsky, Julien. "Stroke Subtypes and Hypertension." Archives of Neurology 53, no. 3 (1996): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1996.00550030077025.

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Sangpetch, Suchada, Chayasak Wantaneeyawong, Atiwat Soontornpun, Nantaporn Tiyapun, Surat Tanprawate, and Kitti Thiankhaw. "Implications of the Presence of Hyperdense Middle Cerebral Artery Sign in Determining the Subtypes of Stroke Etiology." Stroke Research and Treatment 2021 (November 17, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6593541.

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Background. Identifying stroke subtypes is crucial in choosing appropriate treatment, predicting outcomes, and managing recurrent stroke prevention. Objectives. To study the association of hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) brain and subtypes of stroke etiology. Methods. This is a retrospective hypothesis testing study. Patients aged 18 or over who had middle cerebral artery occlusion symptoms with HMCAS with verification on brain NCCT and received intravenous thrombolysis between January 2016 and June 2019 were enrolled. The demographic data, clinical outcomes, stroke subtypes, and characteristics of HMCAS were collected from medical records. Results. Ninety-nine out of 299 enrolled patients presented with HMCAS. The most common stroke subtype was cardioembolism (59%). Of the baseline characteristics, hypertension was more common in cases of large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) (86.4%), and atrial fibrillation (AF) was the highest in cardioembolism (44.8%). HMCAS disappearance in cardioembolism was lowest compared to LAA and others (63% vs. 91% vs. 94.7%, respectively). The univariable analysis found that HMCAS disappearance is significantly associated with all stroke subtypes (Odds ratio, 95% confidence interval 10.58, 1.31-85.43; P = 0.027 for other and 5.88, 1.24-27.85; P = 0.026 for LAA). Multinomial logistic regression found that body weight and hypertension were associated with the LAA subtype. AF and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were associated with cardioembolism. Conclusion. The most likely diagnosis from the presence of HMCAS is cardioembolism, but the definite stroke etiologic subtype can not be identified. Combining the patient risk factors, including body weight, hypertension, and AF, with HMCAS and its characteristics will predict stroke subtypes more accurately.

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Verdecchia, Paolo, and Fabio Angeli. "Natural History of Hypertension Subtypes." Circulation 111, no. 9 (2005): 1094–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000158690.78503.5f.

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Goldberg, Leon I. "Dopamine Receptor Subtypes and Hypertension." Clinical and Experimental Hypertension. Part A: Theory and Practice 9, no. 5-6 (1987): 833–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10641968709161452.

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Adeoye, Abiodun M., Adewole Adebiyi, Bamidele O. Tayo, Babatunde L. Salako, Adesola Ogunniyi, and Richard S. Cooper. "Hypertension Subtypes among Hypertensive Patients in Ibadan." International Journal of Hypertension 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/295916.

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Background.Certain hypertension subtypes have been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and may be related to specific underlying genetic determinants. Inappropriate characterization of subtypes of hypertension makes efforts at elucidating the genetic contributions to the etiology of hypertension largely vapid. We report the hypertension subtypes among patients with hypertension from South-Western Nigeria.Methods.A total of 1858 subjects comprising 76% female, hypertensive, aged 18 and above were recruited into the study from two centers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Hypertension was identified using JNCVII definition and was further grouped into four subtypes: controlled hypertension (CH), isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH).Results.Systolic-diastolic hypertension was the most prevalent. Whereas SDH (77.6% versus 73.5%) and IDH (4.9% versus 4.7%) were more prevalent among females, ISH (10.1% versus 6.2%) was higher among males(P=0.048). Female subjects were more obese(P<0.0001)and SDH was prevalent among the obese group.Conclusion.Gender and obesity significantly influenced the distribution of the hypertension subtypes. Characterization of hypertension by subtypes in genetic association studies could lead to identification of previously unknown genetic variants involved in the etiology of hypertension. Large-scale studies among various ethnic groups may be needed to confirm these observations.

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Harris, Salim, Saleha Sungkar, Al Rasyid, Mohammad Kurniawan, Taufik Mesiano, and Rakhmad Hidayat. "TOAST Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke and Its Risk Factors: A Hospital-Based Study at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia." Stroke Research and Treatment 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9589831.

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Background and Purpose. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, with ischemic stroke as the highest prevalent cases in Indonesia. Ischemic stroke can be classified further into five subtypes according to TOAST classification. Numerous studies have revealed that stroke risk factor has variable correlation with different stroke subtype. Currently, there is no data regarding this phenomenon in Indonesia. The aim of study is to identify characteristic of ischemic stroke subtypes and the risk factors in TOAST classification. Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January till December 2016. Demographic data, ischemic stroke subtypes, risk factors, and other relevant data were documented. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS 23. Results. 235 recorded data patients were included. Large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) was the most prevalent stroke subtypes at 59,6%, followed with small vessel disease (SVD) at 26,7%, undetermined etiology at 9,8%, cardioembolism (CE) at 2,1%, and other determined etiology at 0,9%. Hypertension was the most common vascular risk factor. However, it was only significant in SVD (p=0,023) and undetermined etiology subtypes (p<0,001). Significant risk factor in LAA was diabetes (55%; p=0,016) while in CE subtypes was atrial fibrillation (60%;p<0,001). In multivariate analyses, hypertension (OR 3; 95% CI 1,12-8,05) was the only variable that was related to SVD while in CE it was atrial fibrillation (OR 113,5; 95% CI 13,6-946,5). Conclusion. LAA was the most common stroke ischemic subtypes. Associated risk factor in LAA was diabetes while in SVD and undetermined etiology subtypes it was hypertension. Atrial fibrillation was associated with cardioembolism.

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Panza, Francesco. "Hypertension and Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes." Archives of Neurology 65, no. 7 (2008): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.65.7.992-c.

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Ma, Yuanjing, Hongmei Jiang, Sanjiv J. Shah, Donna Arnett, Marguerite R. Irvin, and Yuan Luo. "Genetic-Based Hypertension Subtype Identification Using Informative SNPs." Genes 11, no. 11 (2020): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111265.

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In this work, we proposed a process to select informative genetic variants for identifying clinically meaningful subtypes of hypertensive patients. We studied 575 African American (AA) and 612 Caucasian hypertensive participants enrolled in the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN) study and analyzed each race-based group separately. All study participants underwent GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) and echocardiography. We applied a variety of statistical methods and filtering criteria, including generalized linear models, F statistics, burden tests, deleterious variant filtering, and others to select the most informative hypertension-related genetic variants. We performed an unsupervised learning algorithm non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to identify hypertension subtypes with similar genetic characteristics. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to demonstrate the clinical meaningfulness of genetic-based hypertension subtypes. Two subgroups were identified for both African American and Caucasian HyperGEN participants. In both AAs and Caucasians, indices of cardiac mechanics differed significantly by hypertension subtypes. African Americans tend to have more genetic variants compared to Caucasians; therefore, using genetic information to distinguish the disease subtypes for this group of people is relatively challenging, but we were able to identify two subtypes whose cardiac mechanics have statistically different distributions using the proposed process. The research gives a promising direction in using statistical methods to select genetic information and identify subgroups of diseases, which may inform the development and trial of novel targeted therapies.

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Wang, J., Y. Feng, Y. Lei, and X. Zhang. "SAT0240 THE PROGNOSIS OF TWO DISTINCT CLINICAL PHENOTYPES OF SLE-PAH." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 1063.2–1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4520.

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Background:Based on the characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE-PAH), Sunet alhas put forward a scoring system to distinguish two clinical phenotypes as vasculitic and vasculopathic subtypes[1]. A weighted score ≥2 suggested a vasculitic subtype by combining two factors: The time interval between SLE and PAH diagnosis <2 years and ≥2 years were 1 and 0 point; SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) >9, 5-9 and <5 were 2, 1, 0 point, respectively. While the vasculitic subtype seemed to have poorer prognosis in Sun’s research, other study has shown controversial result[2].Objectives:To find out the prognosis of two distinct clinical phenotypes of SLE-PAH.Methods:Between 2008 and 2019, a SLE-PAH cohort confirmed by right heart catheterization (RHC) from Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital was included. Other groups of pulmonary hypertension were excluded. Based on the scoring system, patients were divided into vasculitic (weighted score≥2) and vasculopathic subtypes (weighted score<2). The endpoint was PAH-related mortality. Survival status were confirmed by clinic follow-up data or phone call.Results:A total of 53 SLE-PAH patients were enrolled. The cases of vasculitic and vasculopathic subtype were 14 and 39, respectively. Ten endpoint events occurred. Eight attributed to PAH and the cause could not be traced in two which were still included in study. The pooled 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 85.7%, 78.6%, 65.5% in vasculitic subtype, and 93.9%, 87.5%, 87.5% in vasculopathic subtype, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed vasculitic subtype tended to have a poorer prognosis than vasculopathic subtype (p=0.16, HR 2.4, 95%CI 0.5-13.8, figure 1).Figure 1.Survival curves for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus-pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE-PAH) in two distinct subtypes. RHC, Right Heart Catheterization.Conclusion:The prognosis of the two phenotypes of SLE-PAH was statistically indifferent while the vasculitic subtype showed a trend of worse prognosis. Further studies are needed.References:[1]F. Sun, Y. Lei, W. Wu, L. Guo, K. Wang, Z. Chen, W. Xu, X. Wang, T. Li, X. Zhang, S. Ye, Two distinct clinical phenotypes of pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus, Ann Rheum Dis 78(1) (2019) 148-150.[2]J. Qian, M. Li, J. Zhao, Q. Wang, Z. Tian, X. Zeng, Inflammation in SLE-PAH: good news or not?, Ann Rheum Dis (2018).0:1–2. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214605Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

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Baisden, Barbara Steines. "Psychophysiological subtypes of mild to moderate essential hypertension /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261553058223.

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Azizan, Elena Aisha Binti. "Low-renin hypertension : characterization of Conn's syndrome identifies subtypes of aldosterone-producing adenomas." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607765.

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Lee, G. R. "Alterations in endothelin receptor subtypes in the pathogenesis of hypertension induced ventricular cell hypertrophy." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246339.

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Intengan, Hope D. "Functional role of the renal A|2[subscript a/d]|-adrenoceptor subtype in normotensive and hypertensive rats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/740.

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Clonidine is a mixed $\alpha\sb2$-adrenoceptor/imidazoline receptor agonist. Previous studies showed that, in the anesthetized rat, clonidine increased urine flow rate by increasing both osmolar (solute) and free water clearance. These renal effects of clonidine and other $\alpha\sb2$-adrenoceptor agonists were postulated to involve the stimulation of two distinct anatomical sites and/or receptors. The receptors mediating the renal effects of clonidine were investigated using male, uninephrectomized rats. Rats were anesthetized with pentobarbitone. Following a tracheotomy, the carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated respectively for the measurement of blood pressure and saline infusion. The remaining kidney was exposed and the ureter was catheterized for the collection of urine. A 31 gauge needle was advanced into the renal artery for the infusion of the agonist of interest (or vehicle) directly into the kidney. If required, antagonists were administered as a slow intravenous bolus. A low infusion rate of clonidine (1.0 nmol/kg/min) increased urine flow rate by increasing free water and osmolar clearance. These renal effects were shown to be pharmacologically independent using prazosin (an $\alpha\sb1$-antagonist with relative selectivity for the $\rm\alpha\sb{2b}$-adrenoceptor subtype) and naltrexone (an opioid receptor antagonist). The free water response to clonidine was prazosin-sensitive/naltrexone-insensitive where as the osmolar response was prazosin-insensitive/naltrexone-sensitive. This was consistent with the renal effects of clonidine being mediated by two separable and distinct receptors. Based on the prazosin sensitivity of the increase in free water clearance, this response was postulated but not proven to involve the $\rm\alpha\sb{2b}$-subtype. The receptor mediating the clonidine-induced osmolar clearance was less clear. Moxonidine (an imidazoline receptor agonist) increased osmolar clearance but was insensitive to naltrexone indicating that imidazoline receptors were not involved in the osmolar response to clonidine. UK-14,304 is an $\alpha\sb2$-agonist that, at a low dose, selectively increased osmolar and not free water clearance. The osmolar response to UK-14,304 was also attenuated by naltrexone and unaffected by prazosin. Literature reports have speculated on the purported selectivity of UK-14,304 for the $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-subtype over other $\alpha\sb2$-subtypes. In the rat kidney, only the $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$- and $\rm\alpha\sb{2b}$-adrenoceptor subtypes have been identified. A clearly selective $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-agonist, guanfacine, was used to test the hypothesis that the renal $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-adrenoceptor subtype mediated osmolar clearance. Guanfacine increased osmolar clearance but not free water clearance. As with clonidine and UK-14,304, this response was naltrexone-sensitive and prazosin-insensitive, RX-821002, an $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-selective antagonist, attenuated the osmolar response to guanfacine. These results supported the contention that the renal $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-adrenoceptor subtype mediated osmolar clearance. Further studies examined the renal function of the $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-adrenoceptor in hypertensive versus normotensive rats. Guanfacine consistently increased osmolar clearance when administered to the relevant, normotensive control rats. In contrast, the osmolar response to guanfacine was absent in a genetic model of hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats) while intact in an acquired model of hypertension (one kidney-one clip rats). These data suggested that the natriuretic function of the $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-subtype was defective in SH rats and that this defect was not secondary to elevated blood pressure. Decreased natriuretic activity of the $\rm\alpha\sb{2a/d}$-adrenoceptor subtype in SH rats would be consistent with this defect playing a causal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

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McCartney, Shirley. "Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor subtype determination and biological actions of atrial natriuetic peptided in bovine cardiac muscle and hypertensive rat liver." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14455.

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Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has previously been shown to bind to specific ANP receptors and increase intracellular cGMP levels in purified rat cardiac sarcolemmal membranes. Experiments described in this thesis were performed to investigate the binding characteristics of ANP in bovine ventricular sarcolemmal membranes and in plasma membranes isolated from the liver of hypertension-resistant and hypertension-sensitive Dahl rats fed on two dietary salt regimes one of 0.8% NaCl and the other 8% NaCl. Additional experiments utilising ANP analogues in radio-receptor assays and radio-receptor crosslinking assays were performed to determine the precise nature of the ANP receptor population present in these membrane preparations. In bovine ventricular cardiac sarcolemmal membranes, ANP bound specifically to one class of ANP receptor with a Kd of approximately 44 pM and a Bmax of approximately 49 fmol/mg protein. ANP produced a 1.8-fold stimulation of manganese-dependent guanylate cyclase activity with an EC50 value of approximately 1 nM. Receptor binding using the des-ANP analogue indicated the predominant presence of the ANP-B receptor subtype. Radioreceptor crosslinking experiments did not entirely agree with these experiments. Radio-receptor crosslinking indicated the presence of two ANP receptors one of 60 kDa and one of 120 kDa, equivalent to the molecular weights of ANP receptors found in other tissues. Collectively these experiments indicate that bovine ventricular sarcolemmal membranes possess ANP receptors, at least a proportion of which are coupled to guanylate cyclase (ANP-B receptors). In plasma membranes from the liver of Dahl-Resistant (Dahl-R) and Dahl-Sensitive (Dahl-S) rats, ANP bound specifically to one class of ANP receptor with Kd values ranging from 245 to 288 pM and Bmax values ranging from 104 to 217 fmol/mg protein. ANP produced a 3.8 to 6.15-fold stimulation of manganese-dependent guanylate cyclase activity with an EC50 values ranging from 2.3 to 7.4 nM, dependent on the strain of Dahl rat and the dietary salt regime used. In liver membranes isolated from rats sensitive to salt-induced hypertension results indicated increases in Bmax with no change in Kd for ANP binding to receptors and higher basal and ANP-stimulated guanylate cyclase levels. Receptor binding using the des-ANP analogue indicated the presence of 13-33% ANP-C receptors with a majority of ANP-B receptors in plasma membranes isolated from the liver of Dahl-R and Dahl-S rats. However, radio-receptor crosslinking experiments were unable to support these results. Collectively these experiments indicate that in plasma membranes isolated from the liver of Dahl-R and Dahl-S rats possess ANP receptors, at least a majority of which are coupled to guanylate cyclase (ANP-B receptors) and that sensitivity to hypertension induced by a high salt dietary regime increases the density of ANP receptors coupled to guanylate cyclase.

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Nyundu, Franswell Thamsanqa. "The prevalence of masked hypertension subtypes: it’s association with cardiovascular organ changes and renal dysfunction in a population of African descent." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/29945.

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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, School of Physiology, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Johannesburg, 2020<br>Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of preventable mortality and morbidity worldwide and hypertension is the most prominent established risk factor for these diseases. In Africa, the burden of hypertension is increasing at a faster rate as compared to other parts of the world. Predictions based on the current data indicate that the burden of hypertension is still on the rise. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension in Africa is underreported and underestimated due to the use of conventional blood pressure monitoring. The introduction of home blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure has made it easy to identify other forms of hypertension such as white coat hypertension and masked hypertension. White coat hypertension has less detrimental cardiovascular consequences whereas masked hypertension has adverse consequences that may be similar to sustained hypertension. Most of the studies conducted on masked hypertension have not taken into account the various subtypes of masked hypertension therefore very little is known about masked hypertension subtypes especially in African populations. Moreover, a number of studies have investigated the impact of hypertension on cardiovascular target organ damage but very little is known about the association between masked hypertension subtypes and cardiovascular target organ damage. Therefore, in this thesis I determined the prevalence of masked hypertension subtypes and the association between masked hypertension subtypes and cardiovascular target organ damage in a population of African ancestry. I also investigated if masked hypertension is associated with renal dysfunction independent of dietary salt intake in this population. Finally I investigated the relationship between masked hypertension subtypes and nocturnal blood pressure dipping. In a population sample of 1310 participants, I measured conventional and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, collected 24-hour and spot urine samples, and collected blood samples, determined left ventricular mass and arterial stiffness using echocardiography and applanation vi tonometry respectively. Masked hypertension was subdivided into three subtypes. These subtypes are 24-hour masked hypertension, night-time masked hypertension and daytime masked hypertension. Twenty-four-hour masked hypertension is whereby 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure is ≥130/80 mm Hg. Night-time masked hypertension is where night-time ambulatory blood pressure is ≥120/70 mm Hg. Daytime masked hypertension refers to an ambulatory blood pressure of ≥135/85 mm Hg. These ambulatory blood pressures are elevated in spite of a normal conventional blood pressure of < 140/90 mm Hg. The results show that the prevalence of the subtypes of masked hypertension in population of African descent was 7% for 24-hour masked hypertension, 15% for night-time masked hypertension and 9% for daytime masked hypertension. All subtypes of masked hypertension were significantly associated with smoking and alcohol consumption (24-hour masked hypertension p<0.0001; night-time masked hypertension p<0.0001; daytime MH p<0.0001). Pulse wave velocity, was significantly higher in all the mask hypertension subtypes compared to the normotensives; 24-hour masked hypertension (p= 0.0029), night-time masked hypertension (p=0.0061) daytime masked hypertension (p=0.0069). Left ventricular mass was also significantly increased in all masked hypertensive subtypes compared to normotensives; 24-hour MH (p= 0.0003), night-time MH (p<0.0001) daytime MH (p=0.0010). Dietary salt intake was not associated with any masked hypertension subtype. However, microalbuminuria was significantly higher in the night-time masked hypertensives (3.6±2.1 mg/mmol) compared to the 24-hour (1.4± 0.4 mg/mmol) and daytime (0.9±0.3 mg/mmol) masked hypertensives groups. In my assessment of the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure dipping and masked hypertension subtypes, the results show that nocturnal blood pressure non-dipping is associated with all masked hypertension subtypes; 24-hour masked hypertension (p=0.0021), daytime masked hypertension (p= 0.0002) and night-time masked hypertension (p< 0.0001). vii These results show that in a population of African descent, night-time masked hypertension is the most prevalent form of hypertension and all masked hypertension subtypes are associated with cigarette smoking and alcohol intake. Furthermore, all masked hypertension subtypes are related to arterial stiffness and left ventricular hypertrophy. When assessing kidney function and masked hypertension, the results indicate that only night-time masked hypertension is associated with renal dysfunction and this relationship is independent of dietary salt intake. The importance of these findings is that in African populations, smoking, alcohol intake and nocturnal blood pressure non-dipping predict masked hypertension above dietary salt intake. Therefore, strategies to reduce masked hypertension related cardiovascular target organ damage should focus on these parameters.<br>TL (2020)

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Neumann, Claas Lennart. "Telemetrisch kontrollierte Blutdrucktherapie bei Patienten mit unzureichend eingestelltem Hypertonus." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AFC4-8.

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Books on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

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Zhang, Xuehong, Eunyoung Cho, and Hans-Olov Adami. Kidney Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676827.003.0023.

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The etiology of kidney cancer remains largely unknown. Cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension are well-established risk factors for kidney cancer. Although the current evidence is relatively mixed, other emerging risk factors include use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, and high parity in women. In contrast, physical activity and alcohol consumption have been consistently inversely associated with risk of kidney cancer. There is no convincing evidence of a causal link with any other specific food items or nutrients. Most kidney cancers are sporadic, and current studies of common genetic variants report mixed results, but genetic variations may also contribute to the etiology of kidney cancer. Further research is warranted to identify new environmental causes, to better understand the genetic and molecular processes, and to account for different molecular subtypes with specific genetic or tumor characteristics.

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Chow, Wong-Ho, Ghislaine Scelo, and Robert E. Tarone. Renal Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0051.

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Renal cancers in adults are classified into two major groups according to the anatomic subsite of origin. The predominant group, originating from the renal parenchyma, is mostly renal cell carcinoma, which, in turn, is further classified into morphologically, clinically, and genetically distinct subtypes. Over 75% of renal cell carcinomas are designated clear cell, which is closely linked to alterations in the VHL gene. Almost all cancers arising from the renal pelvis and ureter are urothelial carcinomas, previously known as transitional cell carcinomas. Renal cell cancer incidence rates have increased globally over the past few decades. In the United States, incidence rates among blacks have surpassed rates for whites. Modifiable risk factors such as cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension, are more common among blacks than whites, partly explaining the racial disparity in renal cell cancer incidence. Having a first-degree relative with kidney cancer also has been linked to a two- to five-fold elevated risk.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

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Hering, Dagmara, and Maciej Piskunowicz. "Hypertension and Ischaemic Stroke Subtypes." In Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32074-8_7.

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"Paediatric pulmonary hypertension." In Paediatric Cardiology, edited by Thomas Day, Aaron Bell, Sadia Quyam, and John Simpson. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198863908.003.0012.

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Abstract Paediatric pulmonary hypertension is a complex topic, but has important implications for almost all aspects of paediatric cardiac care. This chapter includes an overview of pulmonary hypertension, including clinical approach and treatment. It also includes sections on the main subtypes of pulmonary hypertension, including Eisenmenger syndrome.

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Kaur Randhawa, Harmandeep, Madhu Khullar, and Anupam Mittal. "Stem Cells in Hypertension." In Hypertension - An Update [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107471.

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Endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling are the hallmarks of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). For PAH treatment, there is a rising demand of Stem cell therapy. Interestingly, research reveals that stem/progenitor cells may have an impact in disease progression and therapy in PAH patients. Clinical trials for stem cell therapy in cardiac cell regeneration for heart repair in PAH patients are now underway. The clinical potential of stem/progenitor cell treatment that offers to PAH patients helps in lesion formation which occurs through regaining of vascular cell activities. Majorly the stem cells which are specifically derived from bone marrow such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and cardiac stromal cells (CSCs) are among the subtypes that are proved to play a pivotal role in the repair of the heart. But with only MSCs and EPCs, have shown positive outcomes and act as therapeutically efficient in regaining cure for PAH in clinical trials. This chapter also seeks to explain the potential limitations and challenges with most recent achievements in stem/progenitor cell research in PAH.

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Mathieson, Peter W. "Proliferative glomerulonephritis." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.210805_update_001.

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Proliferative glomerulonephritis—which occurs in many conditions—describes the finding of increased cellularity of the glomerulus, which may be due to proliferation of intrinsic glomerular cells, infiltration of leucocytes, or both. Patients will typically have haematuria, and this may be associated with proteinuria and/or impairment of excretory renal function and/or hypertension. Different subtypes of proliferative glomerulonephritis are recognized:...

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Chakravarty, Eliza. "Systemic sclerosis." In Practical management of the pregnant patient with rheumatic disease, edited by Karen Schreiber, Eliza Chakravarty, and Monika Østensen. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198845096.003.0017.

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by a non-inflammatory vasculopathy as well as fibrosis of the skin and vital organs. It presents in two distinct subtypes depending on the extent of cutaneous involvement, with each subtype (diffuse vs limited SSc) having different relative prevalence of extra-cutaneous manifestations. Experience describing pregnancy outcomes in SSc is limited because of disease onset mainly in the 4th and 5th decade. Common symptoms, including cutaneous fibrosis and Raynaud’s phenomenon, are not worsened, and may even improve during pregnancy. Severe organ manifestations of SSc, including pulmonary fibrosis, scleroderma renal crisis, and pulmonary arterial hypertension, are associated with increased risks of pregnancy complications and can be more difficult to treat during pregnancy. Therapies for SSc are mostly directed at managing symptoms with vasodilators, angiotensin-renin antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and immunosuppressives in the case of pulmonary fibrosis.

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"Cardiomyopathy." In Oxford Handbook of Cardiac Nursing, edited by Kate Olson. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198832447.003.0015.

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Cardiomyopathy is a descriptive term that means ‘disease of the heart muscle’: ‘cardia’ refers to the heart and ‘myopathy’ literally means an abnormality of muscle. Cardiomyopathies are disorders of the myocardium that are not 2° to coronary artery disease, hypertension, congenital, valvular, or pericardial abnormalities. Cardiomyopathy is associated with myocardial dysfunction and is classified into the following four major subtypes: hypertrophic, dilated, arrhythmogenic right ventricular, and restrictive. The aim of this chapter is to outline the background, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and the role of the nurse in the management of the cardiomyopathies.

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"Cardiomyopathy." In Oxford Handbook of Cardiac Nursing, edited by Kate Olson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651344.003.0015.

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Cardiomyopathy is a descriptive term that means ‘disease of the heart muscle’: ‘cardia’ refers to the heart and ‘myopathy’ literally means an abnormality of muscle. Cardiomyopathies are disorders of the myocardium that are not secondary to coronary artery disease, hypertension, congenital, valvular, or pericardial abnormalities. Cardiomyopathy is associated with myocardial dysfunction and is classified into the following four major subtypes: hypertrophic, dilated, arrhythmogenic right ventricular, and restrictive. The aim of this chapter is to outline the background, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and the role of the nurse in the management of the cardiomyopathies.

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Chandrasekhara, Seetha, and Danna L. Zevy. "Vascular Dementia." In Dementia, edited by Robin C. Hilsabeck and Gayle Y. Ayers. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197690024.003.0010.

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Abstract Vascular dementia (VaD) is one of the four major dementias. It is associated with white matter lesions in the brain from direct injury to the blood vessels, leading to multiple subtypes based on injury type and location. Risk factors are understandably similar to that of a stroke, as stroke can be a cause of VaD. These risk factors include smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiac factors. Neuropsychiatric symptoms may be present, along with cognitive and motor changes, with depression being the most common. Management strategies often are based on controlling modifiable risk factors as pharmacologic interventions have limited benefit.

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Gupta, Ruchir. "Cardiovascular: Aortic Dissection." In Anesthesiology Applied Exam Board Review, edited by Ruchir Gupta and Minh Chau Joe Tran. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190852474.003.0027.

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In this chapter the essential aspects of anesthesia for aortic dissection are discussed. Subtopics include hemodynamic therapy, different dissection subtypes, and vasopressor support. The case presented is a patient with hypertension needing emergent repair of a thoracic aortic dissection. The chapter is divided into preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative sections with important subtopics related to the main topic in each section. Preoperative topics include heart murmur, classification for dissection, and assessment of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal status. Issues discussed related to intraoperative management include monitoring, airway management, and aortic cross-clamping. Postoperative concerns discussed include extubation, treatment of postoperative hypothermia, and diagnosing and responding to a patient’s delayed awakening from anesthesia.

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Lopes Soares, Leôncio, and Antônio José Natali. "Resistance Exercise as a Therapeutic Benefit for Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Advances and Perspectives." In New Topics in Resistance Training [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1007747.

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and severe disease characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance, leading to heart failure. Although physical exercise was historically contraindicated for patients with PH, recent studies have demonstrated that appropriate physical exercise training can improve functional capacity, hemodynamics, and quality of life of patients with the PH subtypes: pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); and pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thromboembolic disease (CTEPH). Thus, current guidelines recommend the inclusion of physical exercise in the treatment of PAH and CTEPH. PH induces vascular and hemodynamic changes that overload the ventricles, followed by systemic inflammation, muscle dysfunction, and exercise intolerance. In this context, it is crucial to understand these mechanisms to develop more effective treatments. Studies suggest that low to moderate-intensity resistance training can improve cardiac function and exercise tolerance in patients with PAH, in addition to preventing renal damage and improving bone properties in animal models. However, intense training requires caution due to the potential to increase blood pressure and the risk of adverse events, highlighting the importance of professional supervision to tailor exercise to the individual condition. This chapter explores advances in resistance training as a therapeutic benefit for PAH, reviewing evidence, discussing implementation practices, and presenting perspectives.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

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Wang, J., S. Brusca, M. Sharp, et al. "Subtypes and Outcomes of Sarcoidosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2514.

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Li, Yiming, Sanjiv J. Shah, Donna Arnett, Ryan Irvin, and Yuan Luo. "SNPs Filtered by Allele Frequency Improve the Prediction of Hypertension Subtypes." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669758.

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Hirsch, K., S. Nolley, D. D. Ralph, P. J. Leary, and S. G. Rayner. "Serum Biomarker Levels and Mortality Across Subtypes of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a4909.

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Gallegos Koyner, F. J., N. I. Barrera, M. F. Solorzano, and R. C. Cerrud-Rodriguez. "Exploring Variations and Outcomes Among Pulmonary Hypertension Subtypes: Insights From the National Inpatient Sample." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a6091.

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Kern, Agilo Luitger, Da-Hee Park, Jan Fuge, et al. "Subtypes of pulmonary hypertension: gas uptake to lung capillaries and lung microstructure assessed by 129Xe MRI." In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.oa744.

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Floud, Sarah, Angela Balkwill, William Whiteley, Kathryn E. Fitzpatrick, and Gillian K. Reeves. "OP100 Hypertension and risk of dementia and its subtypes: evidence from a prospective cohort of 1.3 million women." In Society for Social Medicine Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2023-ssmabstracts.99.

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Ferreira, Guilherme Ribeiro, Hayla Akkache Tonet, Héctor Hugo Queiroz Franca, and João Lucas de Moraes Dias. "Profile of morbimortality by stroke in Brazil between 2015 and 2020." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-040.

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Abstract Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, including Brazil¹,2. It is a more common condition in the elderly, but it has an increasing prevalence in young adults due to the development of risk factors that were typically attributed to older ages3. Risk factors can be categorized into non-modifiable (race, ethnicity, gender and age) and modifiable (arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking and alcoholism), both contributing to distinct trends in incidence and mortality from stroke4. There are two pathological subtypes of stroke, the hemorrhagic one that courses with intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the ischemic one that involves areas of cerebral, retinal and even spinal infarction5,6. Clinical syndromes and focal neurological deficits are determined by the affected vascular territory, a parameter that is also used to classify strokes, presume prognoses and determine more specific interventions

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Gallegos Koyner, F. J., N. I. Barrera, M. F. Solorzano, and D. H. Chong. "Factors Associated With Higher or Lower Risk of Receiving a Transplant in Pulmonary Hypertension Subtypes: Insights From the National Inpatient Sample." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a6090.

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Zhong, Hongyan, Luiz Belardinelli, and Dewan Zeng. "The Expression And Function Of Adenosine Receptor Subtypes In Primary Human Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells And Endothelial Cells - Potential Role Of A2B Adenosine Receptor In Pulmonary Hypertension." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a3459.

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Yudkina, Natalia, Alexander Volkov, Ekaterina Nikolaeva, Ildar Kurmukov, and Evgeny Nasonov. "AB0225CLINICAL SUBTYPE OF PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.6935.

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Reports on the topic "Hypertension subtypes"

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Fillipin, Federico, Pamela Seron, and Ruvistay Gutierrez-Arias. Effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs to prevent cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. An overview of systematic reviews. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0057.

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Review question / Objective: To determine effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs to prevent different dementia subtypes such as Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Condition being studied: Dementia is a global health burden, with the number of affected individuals increasing. A recent meta-analysis reported that the prevalence of all-type dementia was 697 per 10,000 people and the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease was 324 per 10,000 people. The SHEP and SYST-EUR were the two first randomized controlled trials to show that hypertension treatment reduces dementia risk.

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