Relevant bibliographies by topics / In situ oceanic observations

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'In situ oceanic observations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Piotrowicz, Stephen R., and David M. Legler. "The In situ Global Ocean Observing System for Climate (and Other Needs)." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 2 (2015): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.2.22.

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AbstractThe Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is the international observation system that ensures long-term sustained ocean observations. The ocean equivalent of the atmospheric observing system supporting weather forecasting, GOOS, was originally developed to provide data for weather and climate applications. Today, GOOS data are used for all aspects of ocean management as well as weather and climate research and forecasting. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), through the Climate Observation Division of the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research/Climate Program Of
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Tegtmeier, S., K. Krüger, B. Quack, et al. "Emission and transport of bromocarbons: from the West Pacific ocean into the stratosphere." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 22 (2012): 10633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10633-2012.

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Abstract. Oceanic emissions of halogenated very short-lived substances (VSLS) are expected to contribute significantly to the stratospheric halogen loading and therefore to ozone depletion. The amount of VSLS transported into the stratosphere is estimated based on in-situ observations around the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) and on modeling studies which mostly use prescribed global emission scenarios to reproduce observed atmospheric concentrations. In addition to upper-air VSLS measurements, direct observations of oceanic VSLS emissions are available along ship cruise tracks. Here we use s
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Hoving, Henk-Jan, Svenja Christiansen, Eduard Fabrizius, et al. "The Pelagic In situ Observation System (PELAGIOS) to reveal biodiversity, behavior, and ecology of elusive oceanic fauna." Ocean Science 15, no. 5 (2019): 1327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-15-1327-2019.

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Abstract. There is a need for cost-efficient tools to explore deep-ocean ecosystems to collect baseline biological observations on pelagic fauna (zooplankton and nekton) and establish the vertical ecological zonation in the deep sea. The Pelagic In situ Observation System (PELAGIOS) is a 3000 m rated slowly (0.5 m s−1) towed camera system with LED illumination, an integrated oceanographic sensor set (CTD-O2) and telemetry allowing for online data acquisition and video inspection (low definition). The high-definition video is stored on the camera and later annotated using software and related t
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Smith, Shawn R., Kristen Briggs, Nicolas Lopez, and Vassiliki Kourafalou. "Applying Automated Underway Ship Observations to Numerical Model Evaluation." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 33, no. 3 (2016): 409–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-15-0052.1.

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AbstractNumerical models are used widely in the oceanic and atmospheric sciences to estimate and forecast conditions in the marine environment. Herein the application of in situ observations collected by automated instrumentation on ships at sampling rates ≤5 min is demonstrated as a means to evaluate numerical model analyses. Specific case studies use near-surface ocean observations collected by a merchant vessel, an ocean racing yacht, and select research vessels to evaluate various ocean analyses from the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Although some specific differences are identifi
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Vonich, P. Trent, and Gregory J. Hakim. "Hurricane Kinetic Energy Spectra from In Situ Aircraft Observations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 8 (2018): 2523–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0270.1.

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Abstract Since the pioneering paper by Nastrom and Gage on aircraft-derived power spectra, significant progress has been made in understanding the wavenumber distribution of energy in Earth’s atmosphere and its implications for the intrinsic limits of weather forecasting. Improvements in tropical cyclone intensity predictions have lagged those of global weather forecasting, and limited intrinsic predictability may be partially responsible. In this study, we construct power spectra from aircraft data of over 1200 missions carried out by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
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Kalavichchi, K. A., and I. L. Bashmachnikov. "On the mechanism of a positive feedback in long-term variations of the convergence of oceanic and atmospheric heat fluxes, and the ice cover in the Barents sea." Известия Российской академии наук. Физика атмосферы и океана 55, no. 6 (2019): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0002-3515556171-181.

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This paper presents a study the interannual variability of the convergence oceanic and atmospheric advective heat fluxes in the Barents Sea region for 19932014, using combined in situ, satellite and numerical model-based oceanic and atmospheric data-sets: ARMOR-3D and ERA-Interim. On inter-decadal scales, the leading role of convergence of the oceanic heat flux, and on interannual scale of atmospheric heat flux are demonstrated to play the leading role in variations of the sea-ice area of the Barents Sea. The inter-decadal and the interannual variations of the oceanic heat flux are found to be
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Jiang, ChuanLi, Sarah T. Gille, Janet Sprintall, and Colm Sweeney. "Drake Passage Oceanic pCO2: Evaluating CMIP5 Coupled Carbon–Climate Models Using in situ Observations." Journal of Climate 27, no. 1 (2014): 76–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00571.1.

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Abstract Surface water partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) variations in Drake Passage are examined using decade-long underway shipboard measurements. North of the Polar Front (PF), the observed pCO2 shows a seasonal cycle that peaks annually in August and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)–forced variations are significant. Just south of the PF, pCO2 shows a small seasonal cycle that peaks annually in February, reflecting the opposing effects of changes in SST and DIC in the surface waters. At the PF, the wintertime pCO2 is nearly in equilibrium with the atmosphere, leading to a small sea-to-air CO2
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Yang, Lei, Dongxiao Wang, Jian Huang, et al. "Toward a Mesoscale Hydrological and Marine Meteorological Observation Network in the South China Sea." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 7 (2015): 1117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00159.1.

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Abstract Air–sea interaction in the South China Sea (SCS) has direct impacts on the weather and climate of its surrounding areas at various spatiotemporal scales. In situ observation plays a vital role in exploring the dynamic characteristics of the regional circulation and air–sea interaction. Remote sensing and regional modeling are expected to provide high-resolution data for studies of air–sea coupling; however, careful validation and calibration using in situ observations is necessary to ensure the quality of these data. Through a decade of effort, a marine observation network in the SCS
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Xu, Xingkun, Joey J. Voermans, Hongyu Ma, Changlong Guan, and Alexander V. Babanin. "A Wind–Wave-Dependent Sea Spray Volume Flux Model Based on Field Experiments." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (2021): 1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111168.

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Sea spray can contribute significantly to the exchanges of heat and momentum across the air–sea interface. However, while critical, sea spray physics are typically not included in operational atmospheric and oceanic models due to large uncertainties in their parameterizations. In large part, this is because of the scarcity of in-situ sea spray observations which prevent rigorous validation of existing sea spray models. Moreover, while sea spray is critically produced through the fundamental interactions between wind and waves, traditionally, sea spray models are parameterized in terms of wind
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Bittig, Henry C., Erik Jacobs, Thomas Neumann, and Gregor Rehder. "A regional pCO2 climatology of the Baltic Sea from in situ pCO2 observations and a model-based extrapolation approach." Earth System Science Data 16, no. 2 (2024): 753–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-753-2024.

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Abstract. Ocean surface pCO2 estimates are of great interest for the calculation of air–sea CO2 fluxes, oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2, and eventually the Global Carbon Budget. They are accessible from direct observations, which are discrete in space and time and thus always sparse, or from biogeochemical models, which only approximate reality. Here, a combined method for the extrapolation of pCO2 observations is presented that uses (1) model-based patterns of variability from an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of variability with (2) observational data to constrain EOF patte
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Ninove, Floriane. "Apports de données Argo pour caractériser les erreurs modèles et contraindre les systèmes d'assimilation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30230/document.

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Le programme international Argo a révolutionné l'observation globale des océans. Une flotte de plus de 3000 instruments sous-marins autonomes est en place, programmés pour fournir des mesures globales de profils de température et de salinité sur les 2000 premiers mètres de l'océan. Ces mesures sont assimilées dans des modèles océaniques conjointement aux observations satellitaires afin de décrire et prévoir l'océan. Dans cette thèse nous proposons une analyse permettant de caractériser les erreurs d'un modèle global océanique par comparaison aux données du réseau Argo. Ces erreurs sont décrite
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Pannimpullath, Remanan Renosh. "Characterisation of the coupling between oceanic turbulence and the variability of coastal waters optical properties using in situ measurements and satellite data." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10036/document.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de comprendre les processus de couplage entre la turbulence et la matière particulaire (sédiments en suspension et phytoplancton). La première partie de la thèse porte sur des mesures in situ effectuées sous différentes situations météorologiques. Nous avons considéré le coefficient d'atténuation, indicateur de la concentration totale de particules in situ, et le spectre de tailles des particules in situ (particle size distribution - PSD). Cette étude a montré que la dynamique de la PSD est contrôlée par plusieurs paramètres océanographiques, tels que les courants
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Henriques, Camilla. "In situ lander observations of deep-sea fishes in the eastern Atlantic ocean." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430316.

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For the first time autonomous free-fall vehicles (AUDOS/ROBIO) were deployed at low latitudes in the northeast Atlantic, south of a proposed faunal divide at 40°N with a high abundance of large species of rattails to the north and lower biomass of smaller fish species to the south (Merrett 1987). Observations of deep demersal fishes attracted to baited cameras were made at four stations near upwelling areas off West Africa: Canaries (27°20’N; 16°59’W), Cape Verde Terrace (17°45’N; 20°30’W), Cape Verde Abyssal Plain (15°N; 20°30’W) and the Angola Slope (7°45’S; 5°59’E).  The Canaries/Cape Verde
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Heger, Amandine. "In situ observations of benthic and pelagic bioluminescence in the deep Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446583.

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In the studies presented in this thesis, bioluminescence was characterised using a low-light video camera in three deep-water ecosystems and related to bio-physical factors. In the first set of experiments, baited lander deployments were conducted at about 1000 m depth in the NE Atlantic to examine the occurrence of spontaneous bioluminescence on the seafloor. Luminescent activity was higher in an area of soft sediments with 133 events h<sup>-1</sup>, compared to seven events h<sup>-1</sup> in a cold-water coral habitat. The ostracod <i>Vargula norvegica</i> was found to be the major source of
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Poropat, Lea [Verfasser]. "Importance of numerical ocean modelling and in situ ocean bottom pressure observations for satellite gravimetry from GRACE and GRACE-FO / Lea Poropat." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215571895/34.

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Petiteau, Louis. "In situ observations of microbial remineralization in the mesopelagic ocean at spatial and temporal scales : towards a better mechanistic understanding." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025SORUS019.

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La quantité de carbone séquestrée par la pompe biologique est en partie contrôlée par les microbes, qui reminéralisent le carbone organique particulaire (COP) transporté vers l'océan profond. Dans la zone mésopélagique, les facteurs de contrôle de la reminéralisation et leur hiérarchie demeurent incompris. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, des régions et saisons contrastées ont été échantillonnées avec le piège à particules / incubateur C-RESPIRE, dans le but d'approfondir notre compréhension de certains de ces facteurs de contrôle sur les taux de dégradation et l'atténuation verticale des flux de
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Pellichero, Violaine. "Étude de la dynamique de la couche de surface et des interactions surface/océan dans l'océan Austral sous la glace de mer." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS029.pdf.

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L'océan Austral est une région clé pour la compréhension de la circulation océanique globale et du climat. C'est dans cette région qu'une large majorité des eaux de la planète est ventilée dans la couche de surface avant d'être réexpédiée dans l'océan profond. Ainsi la couche de surface de l'océan Austral est un élément central pour la compréhension de la circulation océanique planétaire. Malgré leur rôle fondamental dans la circulation océanique globale et dans le climat, la structure et les caractéristiques de la couche de mélange sont encore mal comprises dans la région Antarctique en raiso
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Herbert, Gaëlle. "Modélisation et observation de la dynamique haute fréquence de la circulation du golfe de Gascogne." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1751/.

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Dans cette thèse je me suis intéressée à l'observabilité de la variabilité de la dynamique océanique de surface du Golfe de Gascogne à partir d'observations satellite et in situ et de simulations numériques basées sur le code SYMPHONIE. Les objectifs sont d'améliorer notre connaissance des processus haute fréquence (de quelques heures à quelques jours) forcés par l'atmosphère et d'évaluer l'adéquation des outils disponibles pour l'observation et la représentation de ces processus. Dans une première approche, j'ai estimé la capacité d'un jeu de données altimétriques côtier à observer la variabi
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Herbert, Gaëlle. "Modélisation et observation de la dynamique haute fréquence de la circulation du Golfe de Gascogne." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00755017.

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Dans cette thèse je me suis intéressée à l'observabilité de la variabilité de la dynamique océanique de surface du Golfe de Gascogne à partir d'observations satellite et in situ et de simulations numériques basées sur le code SYMPHONIE. Les objectifs sont d'améliorer notre connaissance des processus haute fréquence (de quelques heures à quelques jours) forcés par l'atmosphère et d'évaluer l'adéquation des outils disponibles pour l'observation et la représentation de ces processus. Dans une première approche, j'ai estimé la capacité d'un jeu de données altimétriques côtier à observer la variabi
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Kvassnes, Astri Jæger Sweetman 1972. "The evolution of oceanic gabbros : in-situ and ancient examples." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39412.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>This study is a geochemical investigation into the accretion of lower oceanic crust and processes of shallow melt-rock reaction at mid-ocean ridges. Major-, trace-elements, and isotopes from whole-rocks and minerals from the Lyngen Gabbro, a 480-My old dismembered ophiolite from the Scandinavian Caledonides, indicate that t
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Books on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Morozov, Eugene G. Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9.

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-C, Worms J., Klinger Jürgen 1939-, and COSPAR Scientific Assembly, eds. Interpretation of the remote and in-situ observations of small bodies. Published for The Committee on Space Research [by] Pergamon, 2003.

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Montgomery, Ellyn T. Fine- and microstructure observations at Fieberling Guyot: R/V New Horizon cruise report. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1994.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NOAA's climate observations and services. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2001.

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Administration, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric. Strategic plan for upper-air observations. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Strategic plan for upper-air observations. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Strategic plan for upper-air observations. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Strategic plan for upper-air observations. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992.

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H, Churnside James, and Environmental Technology Laboratory (Environmental Research Laboratories), eds. Data report, in situ data from 1994 lidar cruise of R/V David Starr Jordan. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Research Laboratories, Environmental Technology Laboratory, 1995.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Strategic plan for upper-air observations. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Pauley, Patricia M., and Bruce Ingleby. "Assimilation of In-Situ Observations." In Data Assimilation for Atmospheric, Oceanic and Hydrologic Applications (Vol. IV). Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77722-7_12.

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Ravichandran, M., and M. S. Girishkumar. "Applications of Ocean In-situ Observations and Its Societal Relevance." In Observing the Oceans in Real Time. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66493-4_15.

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Roemmich, Dean, Philip Woodworth, Svetlana Jevrejeva, et al. "In Situ Observations Needed to Complement, Validate, and Interpret Satellite Altimetry." In Satellite Altimetry over Oceans and Land Surfaces. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151779-3.

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Gonzalez, F. I., E. D. Cokelet, J. F. R. Gower, and M. R. Mulhern. "SLAR and In-Situ Observations of Wave-Current Interaction on the Columbia River Bar." In The Ocean Surface. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7717-5_41.

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Morozov, Eugene G. "Modern Concepts About Oceanic Internal Waves." In Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9_1.

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Alpers, Werner, Dominique Dagorne, and Peter Brandt. "Satellite Observations of Oceanic Eddies Around Africa." In Remote Sensing of the African Seas. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8008-7_11.

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Morozov, Eugene G. "Observations of Internal Tides in the Atlantic Ocean." In Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9_2.

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Morozov, Eugene G. "Observations of Internal Tides in the Pacific Ocean." In Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9_3.

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Morozov, Eugene G. "Observations of Internal Tides in the Indian Ocean." In Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9_4.

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Morozov, Eugene G. "Observations of Internal Tides in the Southern Ocean." In Oceanic Internal Tides: Observations, Analysis and Modeling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73159-9_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Gowrisankar, D., and S. Megala. "KEYNOTE: Science Findings from Chandrayaan-3 In-Situ Observations." In IAF Space Exploration Symposium, Held at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2024). International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/078357-0010.

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Marouchos, A., D. Hughes, T. Ryan, et al. "Design and development of an observational network and associated technologies for subsea carbon sequestration site assessments." In OCEANS 2024 - SINGAPORE. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans51537.2024.10752614.

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Nagato, Keisuke. "In-situ observations of surfaces in laser powder bed fusion." In Laser Applications Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/lac.2024.lm3b.3.

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In this study, an in-situ observation of the sample surface during laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) was performed. The parameter choices for satisfying the functional requirements of L-PBF, such as laser power, scan speed, and spot diameter, are numerous and a bottleneck is created by the long cycle time required to prototype and evaluate test pieces. To overcome this problem, we developed two methods: high-speed observation of flying particles and one-shot observation of the surface geometry. These methods shortened the evaluation times for the mechanical properties and three-dimensional struc
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Pierzyna, Maximilian, Sukanta Basu, and Rudolf Saathof. "A measure-correlate-predict approach for optical turbulence ( C n 2 ) using gradient boosting." In Propagation Through and Characterization of Atmospheric and Oceanic Phenomena. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pcaop.2024.pth1e.3.

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We present a machine learning-based measure-correlate-predict approach that predicts a multi-year time-series of optical turbulence strength (C n 2) with high accuracy ( r¯= 0.78 at 16 locations) based on a single year of in-situ C n 2 measurements and reanalysis data.
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Shih, H. H. "Recent Advances in In-Situ Ocean Observation." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-58045.

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Ocean observation has evolved tremendously, from collection and exchange of weather and sea state information by ocean going ships in the late 19th century to today’s multisensor, multi-platform, multi-disciplinary, large scale observation networks. Data are now transmitted and disseminated automatically in real-time to a variety of user groups with significant social and economical implications. This paper provides an overview of representative advances in in-situ ocean observation during the past decade. Major driving forces and representative advances and trends in in-situ observation are d
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Lampitt, Richard, Paolo Favali, C. R. Barnes, et al. "In Situ Sustained Eulerian Observatories." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.pp.27.

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Adornato, Lori, Lori Adornato, Lori Adornato, et al. "In Situ Nutrient Sensors for Ocean Observing Systems." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.01.

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Send, Uwe, Peter Burkill, Nicolas Gruber, et al. "Towards an Integrated Observing System: In Situ Observations." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.pp.35.

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Woodruff, Scott D., Scott D. Woodruff, Scott D. Woodruff, et al. "Surface In situ Datasets for Marine Climatological Applications." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.93.

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Dohan, Kathleen, Kathleen Dohan, Kathleen Dohan, et al. "Measuring the Global Ocean Surface Circulation with Satellite and In Situ Observations." In OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.23.

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Reports on the topic "In situ oceanic observations"

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Rémy, Elisabeth, Romain Escudier, and Alexandre Mignot. Access impact of observations. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d4.8.

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The accuracy of the Copernicus Marine Environment and Monitoring Service (CMEMS) ocean analysis and forecasts highly depend on the availability and quality of observations to be assimilated. In situ observations are complementary to satellite observations that are restricted to the ocean surface. Higher resolution model forecasts are required by users of the CMEMS global and regional ocean analysis and forecasts. To support this with an efficient observational constrain of the model forecast via data assimilation, an increase observation coverage is needed, associated with an improved usage of
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Bigorre, Sebastien P., Robert A. Weller, Byron Blomquist, Benjamin Pietro, Emerson Hasbrouck, and Sergio Pezoa. Stratus 16 Sixteenth Setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station Cruise on Board RV Ronald H. Brown May 5 - 20, 2017 Rodman, Panama - Arica, Chile. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27626.

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The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with past cruises that have come between October and May. This cruise was conducted on the NOAA research ves
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Bigorre, Sebastien P., Maria Theresa Gatica, and Raymond Graham. Twenty-third Setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station Cruise On Board RV Cabo de Hornos March 10 – 23, 2025 Valparaiso, Chile – Valparaiso, Chile. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1575/1912/71861.

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The Ocean Reference Station at 22 °S, 85 °W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with past cruises that have come between October and May. This cruise was conducted from March 10 to 23 on
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Barcelo-Llull, Barbara. Analysis of the OSSEs with multi-platform in situ data and impact on fine-scale structures. EuroSea, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d2.3.

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This report includes recommendations for the planification of in situ experiments aimed to reconstruct fine-scale ocean currents (~20 km), such as those that will be conducted to validate SWOT satellite observations.
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Fourrier, Marine. Integration of in situ and satellite multi-platform data (estimation of carbon flux for trop. Atlantic). EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d7.6.

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This report presents the results of task 7.3 on “Quantification of improvements in carbon flux data for the tropical Atlantic based on the multi-platform and neural network approach”. To better constrain changes in the ocean’s capture and sequestration of CO2 emitted by human activities, in situ measurements are needed. Tropical regions are considered to be mostly sources of CO2 to the atmosphere due to specific circulation features, with large interannual variability mainly controlled by physical drivers (Padin et al., 2010). The tropical Atlantic is the second largest source, after the tropi
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Remy, Elisabeth. Design of experiments - revised edition. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d4.1_v2.

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Remy, Elisabeth, Florent Gasparin, Alexandre Mignot, and Romain Escudier. Design of experiments. EuroSea, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d4.1.

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Brcelo-Llull, Barbara. Analysis of the OSSEs with multi-platform in situ data and impact on fine-scale structures - Revised version. EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d2.3_v2.

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This report includes recommendations for the design of in situ experiments aimed to reconstruct fine-scale ocean currents (~20 km), such as those that will be conducted to validate SWOT satellite observations.
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Bigorre, Sebastien P., Benjamin Pietro, Alejandra Gubler, et al. Stratus 17 Seventeenth Setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station Cruise on Board RV Cabo de Hornos April 3 - 16, 2018 Valparaiso - Valparaiso, Chile. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27245.

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The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed annually, with past cruises that have come between October and May. This cruise was conducted on the Chilean research
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Worsfold, Mark. An analysis of the impact of Ocean Gliders on the AMM15 model. Met Office, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62998/dwza4679.

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The Atlantic Margin Model (AMM15) is one of the ocean models used by the Met Office, predicting ocean circulation in the North Atlantic approaches and shelf seas around the UK at a resolution of 1.5km. Model analyses and forecasts are used in a wide range of applications including search and rescue, oil spill response and providing sea-surface temperature boundary conditions for Met Office numerical weather prediction. The majority of observations used to constrain the AMM15 model are surface measurements collected by satellites. In situ and sub-surface observations of shelf seas around the UK
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