Relevant bibliographies by topics / International ratings

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'International ratings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "International ratings"

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Murach, A. A., M. A. Storchevoy, and M. Sepulveda. "Divergence of ESG Ratings: International and Russian Experience." Economic Policy 19, no. 4 (2024): 84–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2024-4-84-121.

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ESG rating is an important indicator of a company’s social responsibility, which is taken into account by investors and regulators. However, if the ESG rating is calculated incorrectly, investors and regulators will make erroneous decisions and companies will be given improper guidance about how to modify their operations. Currently, there is a serious methodological problem in that ESG ratings from various rating agencies can be significantly different for the same company. Two of the most urgent questions in current ESG research are why these differences come about and how critical the diver
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Beckmann, Klaus S., and Changha Jin. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 16, no. 2 (2013): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100167.

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We have analyzed the market reaction to REIT preferred stock ratings announced by Moody's Investors Service from 1999 to 2009 that are related to four types of rating events; first time ratings, outlook changes, reviews and actual rating changes. The results suggest a significant market reaction to rating upgrades of 1.08% abnormal return, and downgrades and negative outlooks of -2.28% and -2.67% abnormal returns, respectively. Compared to the non-REIT literature, the abnormal returns are smaller in magnitude which implies a relatively smaller information asymmetry within the REIT market with
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Grudzevuch, Uljana. "Assessment of the activities of Ukrainian banks by rating agencies under the conditions of marital state." Economic Analysis, no. 33(1) (2023): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2023.01.149.

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Introduction. The market of rating services is gradually developing both at the international and national levels. Over the years of operation of rating agencies, a significant number of various ratings have been developed and used. In particular, typical ratings are credit ratings of the issuer and debt obligations. One of the rating objects, along with countries, municipalities, large industrial enterprises, are banking institutions. If at the beginning of the activity of rating agencies in Ukraine, mainly banks with foreign capital and large banks had a rating, then in recent years all bank
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Shmahelska, Marina. "World ratings: features of formation and impact on the on the country’s economic growth." Socio-Economic Research Bulletin, no. 2(77) (June 30, 2021): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33987/vsed.2(77).2021.181-192.

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The article investigates the ratings formation as a special type of activity that is actively implemented in a market economy. The process of creating a rating system is considered. It is established that the analysis results of economic entities activities are expressed as the results of evaluation in the rating scale. The main difference between the concepts of «rating» and «ranking» is determined, which allows building economic entities according to the ranking, that is, according to one of the indicators. The criteria that underlie the classification of ratings are analyzed. It is noted th
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Abduvohidov, Akmal, Sherzod Sulaymov, and Dilafro'z Qodirova. "INTERNATIONAL RATINGS AND INDICES: IMPROVING UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION IN INTERNATIONAL RATINGS AND INDICES." INNOVATIONS IN ECONOMY 4, no. 3 (2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9491-2020-4-1.

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Today, Uzbekistan is increasingly integrated into the world community. In this situation,it is very important to strengthen Uzbekistan's position in the international community.In this regard, the article analyzes the issues of increasing the position of Uzbekistan in international ratings and indices
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Shamusarov, Sarvar. "WAYS TO IMPROVE UZBEKISTAN'S POSITION IN THE GLOBAL SOVEREIGN CREDIT RATING." Economics and education 24, no. 1 (2023): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eced/vol24_iss1/a22.

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In this article, the scientific-theoretical aspects of sovereign rating and loans and the financial-economic indicators affecting them are studied. Also, international rating agencies analyzed the practice of assessing Uzbekistan's sovereign credit rating and its position in international indexes and ratings in recent years, systematized negative factors affecting its position in ratings, and developed forecasts until 2024. As a result of the analysis, scientific proposals aimed at improving the position of our country in the Global sovereign credit rating were prepared
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Астахова, Алёна, Сергей Гришунин, and Геннадий Поморцев. "Developing a Scoring Credit Model Based on the Methodology of International Credit Rating Agencies." Journal of Corporate Finance Research / Корпоративные Финансы | ISSN: 2073-0438 17, no. 1 (2023): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/j.jcfr.2073-0438.17.1.2023.5-16.

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The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship of various financial and non-financial (qualitative) factors of performance of non-financial companies and their credit ratings.
 We developed the scoring model which was based on the methodologies of international and Russian rating agencies. The modelled ratings of non-financial companies for 2018–2020 were compared with actual ratings assigned by the rating agencies and discrepancies were explained. The sample includes companies from retail, protein and agriculture, steel, oil and gas sectors from Russia, USA, Luxembourg, England,
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Fagan Muzaffarli and Kanan Mahmudlu. "The impact of credit ratings on international investment: Evidence from an emerging market." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 24, no. 2 (2024): 564–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.24.2.3372.

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This study examines the influence of sovereign credit ratings on international investments in emerging markets, focusing on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). Using data from 22 emerging economies spanning 1999 to 2019, we employ OLS and fixed-effects regression models to analyze how credit ratings affect investment flows and market volatility. The findings indicate that sovereign credit ratings significantly impact investor decisions, as these ratings serve as a key metric in assessing investment risk and potential. This research highlights the essential r
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Fagan, Muzaffarli, and Mahmudlu Kanan. "The impact of credit ratings on international investment: Evidence from an emerging market." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 24, no. 2 (2024): 564–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15081284.

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This study examines the influence of sovereign credit ratings on international investments in emerging markets, focusing on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). Using data from 22 emerging economies spanning 1999 to 2019, we employ OLS and fixed-effects regression models to analyze how credit ratings affect investment flows and market volatility. The findings indicate that sovereign credit ratings significantly impact investor decisions, as these ratings serve as a key metric in assessing investment risk and potential. This research highlights the essential r
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Iyengar, Shreekant. "The Credit Rating Agencies — Are They Reliable? A Study of Sovereign Ratings." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 37, no. 1 (2012): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920120106.

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Sovereign credit ratings estimate the future ability and willingness of the sovereign governments to service their commercial and financial obligations in full and on time. The process of evaluating the nations and assigning ratings is a business involving various international rating agencies. Governments seek the credit ratings so as to improve their access to the international capital markets. The sovereign credit ratings are an important scale for determining the cost of borrowing to a country. The ratings provide a perception to the lenders about the level of credit risk of the national g
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "International ratings"

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Rodríguez, Iván Marcelo Jr. "Three Essays in International Finance." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3740.

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In this dissertation, I focus my research on some of the economically significant and current open problems in international finance, specifically the relationship between Credit Default Swaps (CDS) on sovereign debt, the importance of fundamental dyadic distances on the initiation and completion of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, and the impact of domestic and transnational terrorism on cross-border mergers and acquisitions. In the first essay, we study the relationship between sovereign debt ratings and the information contained in CDS spreads regarding the credit risk of the referenc
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De, La Rosa Gabriel M. "TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF INDIVIDUAL RATINGS OF COHESION WITHIN WORK UNITS: A MULTILEVEL STUDY." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1162249917.

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Reiss, Virginia Lee. "Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training on Ratings of Perceived Stress, Mindfulness and Well-being of Adolescents Enrolled in an International Baccalaureate Diploma Program." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293544.

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The presence of stress is normative for individuals, and it is how one copes with stress that is important towards a person's well-being. In stressful situations, one's cognitive appraisal of and emotional reactions to a challenge are based on whether it is perceived as a threat to one's beliefs and goals. Mindfulness meditation training (MMT) is a set of coping strategies that has demonstrated beneficial effects for adults in reducing stress, enhancing wellbeing, and promoting cognitive efficiency. This procedure incorporates breathing techniques to regulate physiological responses and teache
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Scarabel, Mirela Virginia Perrella. "Três ensaios sobre economia internacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-17082017-102557/.

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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar aspectos relevantes da economia internacional. O primeiro ensaio desta tese visou avaliar pela primeira vez (até onde se tem conhecimento) se o recente desenvolvimento do mercado de Credit Default Swaps - CDS alterou os efeitos das mudanças de rating sobre o mercado financeiro.Como o CDS é um derivativo que tem como objetivo refletir a qualidade do crédito do ativo avaliado e esta mensuração é feita através do mercado e de forma contínua no tempo, este instrumento poderia reduzir a relevância dos ratings atribuídos pelas agências; uma vez que estes
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Гриценко, Лариса Леонідівна, Лариса Леонидовна Гриценко, Larysa Leonidivna Hrytsenko та К. Ю. Шамкало. "Інвестиційна привабливість України в призмі міжнародних рейтингів та індексів". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/78660.

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Розглянуто провідні міжнародні рейтинги оцінки інвестиційної привабливості країни. Досліджено питання інвестиційної привабливості України на основі даних міжнародних рейтингів та індексів за період 2012-2019 років.<br>Рассмотрены ведущие международные рейтинги оценки инвестиционной привлекательности страны. Исследован вопрос инвестиционной привлекательности Украины на основе данных международных рейтингов и индексов за период 2012-2019 годов.<br>The leading international ratings of investment attractiveness of the country are considered. The issue of investment attractiveness of Ukraine on the
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Bagdonas, Valdemaras. "Valstybės kredito reitingų įtaka finansų sektoriaus vystymuisi ir užsienio investicijų srautams Baltijos šalyse." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120703_160300-10939.

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Darbo tema yra aktuali tuo, kad tarptautinės reitingų agentūros, įvertindamos skolų krizę Europoje, pastaruoju metu daugeliui šalių mažino valstybės kredito reitingus ar blogino jų perspektyvas. Nors po prieš trejus metus patirto nuosmukio Baltijos šalių reitingai ir stabilizavosi, jų aukštesnių reikšmių išlaikymas Baltijos valstybėms yra svarbus užsienio investicijų pritraukimo ir šių šalių finansų sektoriaus vystymosi veiksnys. Vis dėlto, reitingų gerėjimas gali turėti ir priešingą poveikį.Todėl svarbu išsiaiškinti situaciją Baltijos šalyse. Tiriamojo darbo objektas yra Baltijos šalių ilgala
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Happ, Carolin [Verfasser]. "Internationaler Rechtsschutz gegen fehlerhafte Ratings / Carolin Happ." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080460713/34.

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Martell, Rodolfo. "Three essays in international finance." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1111754376.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 147 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-98). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Eisen, Mathias. "Haftung und Regulierung internationaler Rating-Agenturen /." Frankfurt, M. ; Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York Oxford Wien : Lang, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988103699/04.

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Lubig, Beena. "Bedeutung von sovereign credit ratings für die internationalen Finanzmärkte eine ökonometrische Bewertung des Informationsgehaltes von sovereign credit ratings." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/994166907/04.

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Books on the topic "International ratings"

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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3.

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Bhatia, Ashok Vir. Sovereign credit ratings methodology: An evaluation. International Monetary Fund, Treasurer's Department, 2002.

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Japan) International Workshop on University Reform (2015 Higashihiroshima-shi. Global university rankings and improving international competitiveness of Japan's universities: Report of the International Workshop on University Reforms, 2015. Research Institute for Higher Education, Hiroshima University, 2016.

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Kräussl, Roman. Sovereign risk, credit ratings and the recent financial crisis in emerging markets: Empirical analysis and policy implications. Knapp, 2003.

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Christofides, Charalambos. The link between adherence to international standards of good practices, foreign exchange spreads, and ratings. International Monetary Fund, Policy Development and Review Department, 2003.

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Demirgüç-Kunt, Aslı. Monitoring banking sector fragility: Multivariate logit approach with an application to the 1996-97 banking crises. World Bank, 1999.

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M, Barnsby Roger, and American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Tribology Division. Technical Committee., eds. Life ratings for modern rolling bearings: A design guide for the application of international standard ISO 281/2. ASME International, 2003.

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Gourman, Jack. The Gourman report: A rating of undergraduate programs in American and international universities. 8th ed. NES, 1993.

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Gourman, Jack. The Gourman report: A rating of undergraduate programs in American and international universities. 5th ed. National Education Standards, 1985.

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Gourman, Jack. The Gourman report: A rating of undergraduate programs in American and international universities. Random House, Inc., 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "International ratings"

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Brusov, Peter, Tatiana Filatova, and Natali Orekhova. "Recommendations to International Rating Agencies (Big Three (Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, and Moody’s), European, and National Ones (ACRA, Chinese, etc.))." In Ratings. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56243-4_19.

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Li, Dongsheng, Chao Chen, Zhilin Gong, Tun Lu, Stephen M. Chu, and Ning Gu. "Collaborative Filtering with Noisy Ratings." In Proceedings of the 2019 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611975673.84.

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Temperli, Christian, Giovanni Santopuoli, Alessandra Bottero, et al. "National Forest Inventory Data to Evaluate Climate-Smart Forestry." In Climate-Smart Forestry in Mountain Regions. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80767-2_4.

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AbstractNational Forest Inventory (NFI) data are the main source of information on forest resources at country and subcountry levels. This chapter explores the strengths and limitations of NFI-derived indicators to assess forest development with respect to adaptation to and mitigation of climate change, that is, the criteria of Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF). We reflect on harmonizing NFI-based indicators across Europe, use literature to scrutinize available indicators to evaluate CSF, and apply them in 1) Switzerland, where CSF is evaluated for NFI records and simulation model projections with
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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. "Ratings’ Impact on Financial Market Returns." In The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3_4.

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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. "Granger Causality between Ratings and Yields." In The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3_6.

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Verma, Abhigya, Nandini Baliyan, Pooja Gera, and Shweta Singhal. "Predicting Corresponding Ratings from Goodreads Book Reviews." In International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3010-4_19.

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Price, Lionel. "Effects of Standards and Codes on Country Risk Ratings." In The Road to International Financial Stability. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524378_9.

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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. "Capital Flows to Emerging Markets." In The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3_1.

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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. "Risk and Economic Activity." In The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3_2.

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von Maltzan Pacheco, Julia. "Sovereign Risk: Who Rates Whom and How?" In The Influence of Ratings on International Finance Markets. Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-09040-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "International ratings"

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Chaparala, Pushya, P. Nagabhushan, Lakshmi Tulasi Ponduri, and Pravallika Kummari. "Mapping Item-wise Rating into Attribute-wise Ratings for Enhanced Personalized Recommendations." In 2024 15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccnt61001.2024.10724325.

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Fang, Jingyang, Qin Jiang, and Hanqing Yang. "Fractal Converters with Boundless Current and Voltage Ratings." In 2024 3rd International Conference on Power Systems and Electrical Technology (PSET). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/pset62496.2024.10808871.

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Yadav, Pranshi, Priya Yadav, Pegah Nokhiz, and Vivek Gupta. "Unbiasing Review Ratings with Tendency Based Collaborative Filtering." In Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 10th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing: Student Research Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.aacl-srw.8.

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Jin, Zhipeng, Qiudan Li, Daniel D. Zeng, et al. "Jointly Modeling Review Content and Aspect Ratings for Review Rating Prediction." In SIGIR '16: The 39th International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval. ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2911451.2914692.

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Dalvi, Nilesh, Anirban Dasgupta, Ravi Kumar, and Vibhor Rastogi. "Aggregating crowdsourced binary ratings." In the 22nd international conference. ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2488388.2488414.

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Marienfeld, Florian, Edzard Höfig, Andrea Horch, Maximilien Kintz, and Jan Finzen. "Making sense of ratings." In the 7th International Conference. ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2063518.2063526.

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Zhang, Xiaoying, Hong Xie, Junzhou Zhao, and John C. S. Lui. "Modeling the Assimilation-Contrast Effects in Online Product Rating Systems: Debiasing and Recommendations." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/763.

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The unbiasedness of online product ratings, an important property to ensure that users’ ratings indeed reflect their true evaluations to products, is vital both in shaping consumer purchase decisions and providing reliable recommendations. Recent experimental studies showed that distortions from historical ratings would ruin the unbiasedness of subsequent ratings. How to “discover” the distortions from historical ratings in each single rating (or at the micro-level), and perform the “debiasing operations” in real rating systems are the main objectives of this work. Using 42 million real custom
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Tufaner, Mustafa Batuhan, Sıtkı Sönmezer, and Ahmet Alkan Çelik. "Impact of Sovereign Credit Ratings on Capital Markets." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01914.

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Sovereign credit ratings are of great importance in terms of country's economy in recent years. Sovereign credit ratings can greatly affect both financial markets and macroeconomic balances. On the other hand, these credit ratings are closely related to the political situation of the countries. Therefore, all factors behind the credit rating announcements operating in global markets needs to be put forward. The content of this paper is to identify policy interest reaction towards sovereign credit ratings and examine of countries that experienced severe rating changes. In this bulletin, big thr
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Ye, Xinfeng. "Dealing with Unfair Ratings." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2013.503.

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Leino, Juha. "Recommending additional study materials: Binary ratings vis–à–vis five–star ratings." In 27th International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference (HCI 2013). BCS Learning & Development, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2013.12.

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Reports on the topic "International ratings"

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Agarwala, Matthew, Matt Burke, Jennifer Doherty-Bigara, Patrycja Klusak, and Kamiar Mohaddes. Climate Change and Sovereign Risk: A Regional Analysis for the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012885.

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Climate change is an existential threat to the world economy, with complex, evolving and nonlinear dynamics that remain a source of great uncertainty. There is a bourgeoning literature on the economic impact of climate change, but research on how climate change affects sovereign risks is limited. This paper provides forward-looking regional analysis of the effects of climate change on sovereign creditworthiness, probability of default and the cost of borrowing for the Caribbean economies. Our results indicate that there is substantial variation in the sensitivity of ratings to climate change a
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Knobel, Andrés. Regulation of Beneficial Ownership in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010683.

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The international community is increasingly aware that adopting laws, regulations, and mechanisms to gather and exchange information about “beneficial owners” (BOs) is crucial for combating tax evasion, money laundering, corruption, and the financing of terrorism. This paper explains the concept of beneficial owner, describes the standards in this area that countries should commit to, and presents the ratings achieved under the FATF and GF evaluations by each one of the 26 Inter-American Development Bank borrowing member countries regarding their beneficial ownership laws and regulations. More
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Belahmidi, Claudia. Assessing ESG Impact in the Oil and Gas Industry: A Multi-Criteria Approach. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, 2025. https://doi.org/10.30573/ks--2025-dp08.

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The paper titled “Assessing ESG Impact in the Oil &amp; Gas Industry: A Multi-Criteria Approach” discusses the critical role of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles in the oil and gas sector, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. The document emphasizes the industry’s longstanding governance and social focus, with environmental concerns gaining prominence due to climate change pressures. ESG compliance is now essential for securing financial backing, with third-party ESG ratings influencing corporate reputations and capital allocation. The paper reviews internationa
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Alonso, Pablo, Basil Kavalsky, Jose Ignacio Sembler, et al. How is the IDB Serving Higher-Middle-Income Countries?: Borrowers' Perspective. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010547.

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This evaluation assesses how well IDB's current mode of engagement meets the needs and expectations of countries that have relatively higher income levels and increasing access to diverse funding sources.For the purpose of this evaluation OVE selected 10 countries as case study countries using three objective indicators: (a) income level, (b) level of access to international financial markets, and (c) the weight of the country in IDB's lending portfolio. The countries, labeled higher middle income countries (HMICs) in this evaluation, are Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Per
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Rowe, Daniel, Stephen White, Daniel Mugnier, and Khalid Nagidi. IEA SHC Task48 - Activity C1 Final Report - Review of relevant international standards rating and incentive schemes. IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task48-2013-0002.

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Gaponenko, Artiom, and Andrey Golovin. Electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0043.06102017.

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«The electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students» (EM) is developed in document Microsoft Excel with use of macros. EM allows to automate all the calculated operations connected with estimation of amount scored by students in each form of the current control. EM provides automatic calculation of rating of the student with reflection of a maximum quantity of the points received in given educational group. The rating equal to “1” is assigned to the student who has got a maximum quantity of points for the certain date. For the other studen
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Vignoles, Christopher, and Anneke Jessen. Jamaica: Trade, Integration and the Quest for Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008627.

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Jamaica is a small, open island economy with one of the highest trade/GDP ratios in the Western Hemisphere. Because trade plays such a dominant role in the Jamaican economy, it also substantially determines the country¿s development prospects. Successful participation in the global economy through enhanced international competitiveness, trade facilitation and related measures should therefore be a central aim of the Inter-American Development Bank¿s support strategy for Jamaica, particularly at a time when the country is facing the rapid erosion of trade preferences long enjoyed by its exporte
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Vignoles, Christopher, and Anneke Jessen. Barbados: Trade and Integration as a Strategy for Growth. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008578.

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Barbados is a small, open island economy with one of the highest trade/GDP ratios in the Western Hemisphere. Because trade plays such a dominant role in the Barbadian economy, it also substantially determines the country¿s development prospects. Exports are particularly important in this respect: export income is needed to create and sustain jobs, to finance imports, to pay off foreign debt, and to maintain a healthy balance in the country¿s external accounts, all of which is necessary to achieve sustainable levels of economic growth. Successful international insertion, through trade facilitat
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Савченко, Лариса Олексіївна. Characteristic of the future specialists professional preparation to the quality educational assessment. Педагогічна думка, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/365.

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To consider the characteristics of the levels of formation of professional readiness of future specialists to pedagogical diagnostics of quality of education. Diagnostics of levels of formation of professional training of future teachers is realized through a number of research methods: observation, testing, interview, analysis of the results. The basis of the diagnostic systems research on three-level assessment scale, supplemented by «high level», which allows to adapt to local conditions and to enrich the features of a particular region. Analysis of modern works on the organization of contr
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Saha, Devanik. Shockproof and Inclusive Fiscal Policies. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.005.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economies of most countries. What differed is the intensity of the impact, which ranged from mild economic contractions to devastating recessions and downturns. From a generic perspective, it is obvious to assume that high-income countries (HIC) would have faced lesser economic destruction than low- and middleincome countries (LMIC). However, a closer examination reveals that there are several factors that determined the impact of the pandemic on a country, as well as influenced its ability to respond. For instance, the existing economi
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