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Journal articles on the topic 'Intracellular uptake'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Yanagawa, N., and O. D. Jo. "Intracellular acidification inhibits opposum kidney cell phosphate uptake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 272, no. 6 (1997): R1904—R1911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.6.r1904.

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The aim of our study is to examine the effect of intracellular pH (pHi) on inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake by a proximal tubular cell line, the opposum kidney (OK) cells. The OK cell pHi (7.48 +/- 0.02; n = 12) was altered to levels between 6.5 and 8.5 by the high-K+ nigericin method, and cell uptakes were measured at 7.5 extracellular pH. It was found that pHi acidification suppressed Pi uptake with a decrease in maximal reaction rate, whereas alkalinization had no significant effect. Other Na(+)-dependent transport systems for glucose and amino acid were not affected by these pHi changes. Th

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2

Gesbert, Gael, Elodie Ramond, Fabiola Tros, et al. "Importance of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Utilization in Francisella Intracellular Adaptation." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 1 (2014): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02579-14.

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Intracellular bacterial pathogens have adapted their metabolism to optimally utilize the nutrients available in infected host cells. We recently reported the identification of an asparagine transporter required specifically for cytosolic multiplication ofFrancisella. In the present work, we characterized a new member of the major super family (MSF) of transporters, involved in isoleucine uptake. We show that this transporter (here designated IleP) plays a critical role in intracellular metabolic adaptation ofFrancisella. Inactivation of IleP severely impaired intracellularF. tularensissubsp.no

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3

Choi, Moon-Jeong, R. Pierson, Yongmin Chang, Haiquing Guo, and Inn-Kyu Kang. "Enhanced Intracellular Uptake of CdTe Quantum Dots by Conjugation of Oligopeptides." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/291020.

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Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS), a typical membrane-permeable carrier peptide, was conjugated with mercaptoisobutyric acid-immobilized CdTe quantum dot (CTNPs) to enhance the intracellular uptake of quantum dots. Mean size of mercaptoisobutyric acid-immobilized quantum dots (37 nm) as determined by dynamic light scattering was increased up to 54 nm after RGDS immobilization. It was found, fromin vitrocell culture experiment, that fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cells were well proliferated in the presence of RGDS-conjugated quantum dots (RCTNPs), and the intracellular uptake of CTNPs and RCTNPs was studied by mea

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4

Yoon, Sorah, and John J. Rossi. "Aptamers: Uptake mechanisms and intracellular applications." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 134 (September 2018): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.003.

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5

Korchak, Helen M., Barbara E. Corkey, Gordon C. Yaney та Laurie E. Kilpatrick. "Negative regulation of ligand-initiated Ca2+uptake by PKC-βII in differentiated HL60 cells". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 281, № 2 (2001): C514—C523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.2.c514.

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In phagocytic cells, fMet-Leu-Phe triggers phosphoinositide remodeling, activation of protein kinase C (PKC), release of intracellular Ca2+ and uptake of extracellular Ca2+. Uptake of extracellular Ca2+ can be triggered by store-operated Ca2+channels (SOCC) and via a receptor-operated nonselective cation channel(s). In neutrophilic HL60 cells, the PKC activator phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) activates multiple PKC isotypes, PKC-α, PKC-β, and PKC-δ, and inhibits ligand-initiated mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ and uptake of extracellular Ca2+. Therefore PKC is a negative regulator at severa

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6

Wang, X., M. Ji, J. F. Wang, Z. Liu, and Z. Y. Yang. "Anaerobic uptake of phosphate in an anaerobic–aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 9 (2006): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.266.

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An unusual phenomenon of anaerobic phosphate uptake under alternating anaerobic/aerobic condition was observed in a granular sludge sequencing batch reactor, fed with acetate as sole organic substrate. Anaerobic phosphate uptake efficiencies remained at 50–70% as the influent P/COD was increased from 2/100 to 4/100, and results showed that anaerobic uptake of phosphate was correlated with anaerobic absorption of acetate. Excluding the main possibility of chemical phosphate removal, it appeared that phosphate uptake during the anaerobic phase was associated with organisms enriched in the reacto

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7

Das, Santanu, Stuart Horowitz, Carolyn G. Robbins, Marwan Eid El-Sabban, Namita Sahgal, and Jonathan M. Davis. "Intracellular uptake of recombinant superoxide dismutase after intratracheal administration." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 274, no. 5 (1998): L673—L677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1998.274.5.l673.

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We have previously demonstrated that recombinant human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (rhCu,ZnSOD) is rapidly incorporated into cells of airways, respiratory bronchioles, and alveoli after intratracheal administration. The present study examines whether this cellular uptake is specific for rhCu,ZnSOD or whether other proteins are similarly incorporated into lung cells. Twenty-two newborn piglets (2–3 days old, 1.2–2.0 kg) were intubated and mechanically ventilated. Eight piglets received fluorescently labeled recombinant human manganese superoxide dismutase (rhMnSOD), six received fluorescen

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8

Suvannapura, A., and N. R. Levens. "Norepinephrine uptake by rat jejunum: modulation by angiotensin II." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 254, no. 2 (1988): G135—G141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1988.254.2.g135.

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Angiotensin II (ANG II) is believed to stimulate sodium and water absorption from the small intestine by enhancing sympathetic nerve transmission. This study is designed to determine whether ANG II can enhance sympathetic neurotransmission within the small intestine by inhibiting norepinephrine (NE) uptake. Intracellular NE accumulation by rat jejunum was concentration dependent and resolved into high- and low-affinity components. The high-affinity component (uptake 1) exhibited a Michaelis constant (Km) of 1.72 microM and a maximum velocity (Vmax) of 1.19 nmol.g-1.10 min-1. The low-affinity c

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9

Juliano, R. L., and K. Carver. "Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of oligonucleotides." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 87 (June 2015): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2015.04.005.

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10

Zhang, Yong, and Ning Huang. "Intracellular uptake of CdSe-ZnS/polystyrene nanobeads." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials 76B, no. 1 (2005): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.30347.

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11

Laufs, Helmut, Kerstin Müller, Jens Fleischer, et al. "Intracellular Survival of Leishmania major in Neutrophil Granulocytes after Uptake in the Absence of Heat-Labile Serum Factors." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 2 (2002): 826–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.2.826-835.2002.

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ABSTRACT The role of polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes (PMN) in defense against the intracellular parasite Leishmania is poorly understood. In the present study, the interaction of human PMN with Leishmania major promastigotes was investigated in vitro. In the presence of fresh human serum, about 50% of PMN phagocytosed the parasites within 10 min and the parasite uptake led to PMN activation, resulting in the killing of most ingested parasites. Heat inactivation of the serum markedly reduced the rate of early parasite phagocytosis, suggesting a role of complement components in the ear

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12

Ozaki, M., K. Komori, M. Matsuda, et al. "Uptake and intracellular activity of NM394, a new quinolone, in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 3 (1996): 739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.3.739.

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The uptake of NM394, a new quinolone, by and its subsequent elution from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were studied and compared with those of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. The kinetics of the uptake of NM394 was similar to that of ciprofloxacin. The maximum intracellular-to-extracellular concentration ratio was 12.3, compared with 8.6 for ciprofloxacin and 4.9 for ofloxacin at the extracellular concentration of 20 micrograms/ml. The elution of NM394 from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes occurs relatively slowly; 5 min after the removal of extracellular NM394, nearly 100% still remained

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13

Drechsel, J., R. Freudenberg, R. Runge, G. Wunderlich, J. Kotzerke, and M. Wendisch. "Cellular damage in vitro." Nuklearmedizin 48, no. 05 (2009): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0253.

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Summary Aim: The cellular damage of ionising radiation depends on dose, physical radiation quality (e. g. LET) and intracellular radionuclide uptake. The influence of two beta emitters (188Re and 131I) on the thyroid cell line PC Cl3 was studied. Furthermore, we analysed the effect of intracellular accumulation. Methods: The thyroid cell line PC Cl3 was irradiated with 188Re-perrhenate or 131I-sodium iodide in presence or absence of perchlorate. The initial DNA-damage was measured in the comet assay as olive tail moment (OTM). The colony forming assay detects the clonogenic cell survival as su

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14

Matsumura, T., H. Yoshihara, R. Jeffs, et al. "Hormones increase oxygen uptake in periportal and pericentral regions of the liver lobule." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 262, no. 4 (1992): G645—G650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1992.262.4.g645.

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The effect of several hormones known to alter intracellular free Ca2+ on rates of O2 uptake in periportal and pericentral regions of the liver lobule was studied in the perfused liver. Regional O2 uptake was measured by stopping the flow and monitoring the decrease in O2 concentration. When perfusion was in the anterograde direction, basal rates of O2 uptake were two to three times higher in periportal than in pericentral regions, and phosphorylase alpha activity, which increases as a function of intracellular free Ca2+ levels, was higher in periportal regions. In contrast, when perfusion was

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15

Nguyen, Hien Thi Thu, Rikke Kristiansen, Mette Vestergaard, Reinhard Wimmer, and Per Halkjær Nielsen. "Intracellular Accumulation of Glycine in Polyphosphate-Accumulating Organisms in Activated Sludge, a Novel Storage Mechanism under Dynamic Anaerobic-Aerobic Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 14 (2015): 4809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01012-15.

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ABSTRACTDynamic anaerobic-aerobic feast-famine conditions are applied to wastewater treatment plants to select polyphosphate-accumulating organisms to carry out enhanced biological phosphorus removal. Acetate is a well-known substrate to stimulate this process, and here we show that different amino acids also are suitable substrates, with glycine as the most promising.13C-labeled glycine and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were applied to investigate uptake and potential storage products when activated sludge was fed with glycine under anaerobic conditions. Glycine was consumed by the biomass

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16

Sipos, Arnold, Kwang-Jin Kim, Robert H. Chow, Per Flodby, Zea Borok, and Edward D. Crandall. "Alveolar epithelial cell processing of nanoparticles activates autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 315, no. 2 (2018): L286—L300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00108.2018.

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Using confocal microscopy, we quantitatively assessed uptake, processing, and egress of near-infrared (NIR)-labeled carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles (PNP) in live alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) during interactions with primary rat AEC monolayers (RAECM). PNP fluorescence intensity (content) and colocalization with intracellular vesicles in a cell were determined over the entire cell volume via z stacking. Isotropic cuvette-based microfluorimetry was used to determine PNP concentration ([PNP]) from anisotropic measurements of PNP content assessed by confocal microscopy. Results showed th

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17

LUIKEN, J. J. F. P., J. WILLEMS, S. L. M. COORT, et al. "Effects of cAMP modulators on long-chain fatty-acid uptake and utilization by electrically stimulated rat cardiac myocytes." Biochemical Journal 367, no. 3 (2002): 881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20020432.

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Recently, we established that cellular contractions increase long-chain fatty-acid (FA) uptake by cardiac myocytes. This increase is dependent on the transport function of an 88kDa membrane FA transporter, FA translocase (FAT/CD36), and, in analogy to skeletal muscle, is likely to involve its translocation from an intracellular pool to the sarcolemma. In the present study, we investigated whether cAMP-dependent signalling is involved in this translocation process. Isoproterenol, dibutyryl-cAMP and the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, amrinone, which markedly raised the intracellular cAMP lev

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18

Kubohara, Yuzuru, Yuko Fukunaga, Haruhisa Kikuchi, and Hidekazu Kuwayama. "Pharmacological Evidence That Dictyostelium Differentiation-Inducing Factor 1 Promotes Glucose Uptake Partly via an Increase in Intracellular cAMP Content in Mouse 3T3-L1 Cells." Molecules 28, no. 23 (2023): 7926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237926.

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Differentiation-inducing factor 1 (DIF-1) isolated from the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum can inhibit mammalian calmodulin-dependent cAMP/cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE1) in vitro. DIF-1 also promotes glucose uptake, at least in part, via a mitochondria- and AMPK-dependent pathway in mouse 3T3-L1 fibroblast cells, but the mechanism underlying this effect has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of DIF-1 on intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels, as well as the effects that DIF-1 and several compounds that increase cAMP and cGMP levels have on glucose up

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19

Li, Xiao C., and Jia L. Zhuo. "In vivo regulation of AT1a receptor-mediated intracellular uptake of [125I]Val5-ANG II in the kidneys and adrenals of AT1a receptor-deficient mice." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 294, no. 2 (2008): F293—F302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00398.2007.

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Using type 1a angiotensin receptor (AT1a) receptor-deficient (Agtr1a−/−) mice and in vivo autoradiography, we tested the hypothesis that intracellular uptake of ANG II in the kidney and adrenal glands is primarily mediated by AT1a receptors and that the response is regulated by prevailing endogenous ANG II. After pretreatment of wild-type (Agtr1a+/+) and Agtr1a−/− mice ( n = 6–9 each group) with or without captopril (25 mg·kg−1·day−1) or losartan (10 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 2 wk, [125I]Val5-ANG II was infused for 60 min. Intracellular uptake of [125I]Val5-ANG II was determined by quantitative in vi

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20

Brown, J. Mark, Lawrence L. Rudel, and Liqing Yu. "NPC1L1 (Niemann–Pick C1-like 1) mediates sterol-specific unidirectional transport of non-esterified cholesterol in McArdle-RH7777 hepatoma cells." Biochemical Journal 406, no. 2 (2007): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20070168.

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Recent evidence suggests that NPC1L1 (Niemann–Pick C1-like 1) is critical for intestinal sterol absorption in mice, yet mechanisms by which NPC1L1 regulates cellular sterol transport are lacking. In the study we used a McArdle-RH7777 rat hepatoma cell line stably expressing NPC1L1 to examine the sterol-specificity and directionality of NPC1L1-mediated sterol transport. As previously described, cholesterol-depletion-driven recycling of NPC1L1 to the cell surface facilitates cellular uptake of non-esterified (free) cholesterol. However, it has no impact on the uptake of esterified cholesterol, i

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21

Yamamoto, T., H. Kusajima, M. Hosaka, H. Fukuda, Y. Oomori, and H. Shinoda. "Uptake and intracellular activity of AM-1155 in phagocytic cells." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 12 (1996): 2756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.12.2756.

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The uptake and intracellular activity of AM-1155 in murine J774.1 macrophages and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were investigated. AM-1155 penetrated phagocytic cells rapidly and reversibly, although the penetration process was not affected by metabolic inhibitors such as sodium fluoride, cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, or ouabain or by nucleoside transport system inhibitors such as adenosine. The intracellular concentration-to-extracellular concentration ratio of AM-1155 in both cell types of phagocytes ranged from 5 to 7. These ratios were almost equal to those for sparfloxacin. The in

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22

Jiang, Li Qun, Ting Yu Wang, Thomas J. Webster, et al. "Intracellular disposition of chitosan nanoparticles in macrophages: intracellular uptake, exocytosis, and intercellular transport." International Journal of Nanomedicine Volume 12 (August 2017): 6383–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s142060.

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23

Un, Keita, Kumiko Sakai-Kato, Yuki Oshima, Toru Kawanishi, and Haruhiro Okuda. "Intracellular trafficking mechanism, from intracellular uptake to extracellular efflux, for phospholipid/cholesterol liposomes." Biomaterials 33, no. 32 (2012): 8131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.030.

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24

Montero, M., J. Alvarez, and J. Garcia-Sancho. "Uptake of Ca2+ and refilling of intracellular Ca2+ stores in Ehrlich-ascites-tumour cells and in rat thymocytes." Biochemical Journal 271, no. 2 (1990): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2710535.

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We have studied the uptake of Ca2+ and its redistribution between the cytoplasm and the intracellular stores in Ehrlich-ascites-tumour cells and rat thymocytes previously depleted of Ca2+ by incubation in Ca2(+)-free medium. Measurements included changes of the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), uptake of 45Ca2+ and uptake of Mn2+, a Ca2+ surrogate for Ca2+ channels. Refilling of the Ca2+ stores in thymocytes was very fast (half-filling time: 4 s at 37 degrees C) and very sensitive to temperature (10 times slower at 20 degrees C). It was always preceded by increase of [Ca2+]i. In the Eh

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25

Chithrani, Devika B. "Intracellular uptake, transport, and processing of gold nanostructures." Molecular Membrane Biology 27, no. 7 (2010): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09687688.2010.507787.

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26

MACKINNON, KATHRYN L., DAVID BILLINGTON, and KATHERINE A. ZUZEL. "Hepatic uptake and intracellular processsing of opioid pentapeptides." Biochemical Society Transactions 22, no. 2 (1994): 230S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst022230s.

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27

Rajasekaran, Surender, Heather-Hamilton Benedict, Sophie Fillon, et al. "INTRACELLULAR UPTAKE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL CELL WALL DEPRESSES CONTRACTILITY." Critical Care Medicine 33 (December 2005): A136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200512002-00482.

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28

SMALLEY, A. D., N. F. TAYLOR, and D. B. GOWER. "Testicular uptake, release and intracellular movement of steroids." Biochemical Society Transactions 13, no. 1 (1985): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0130188.

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29

Akimoto, Jun, Masamichi Nakayama, Kiyotaka Sakai, and Teruo Okano. "Temperature-Induced Intracellular Uptake of Thermoresponsive Polymeric Micelles." Biomacromolecules 10, no. 6 (2009): 1331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm900032r.

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30

Kumar, A., S. Mohapatra, V. Fal-Miyar, et al. "Magnetoimpedance biosensor for Fe3O4 nanoparticle intracellular uptake evaluation." Applied Physics Letters 91, no. 14 (2007): 143902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2790370.

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31

Tsurubuchi, T., T. Yamamoto, K. Nakai, et al. "Intracellular uptake of a new boronated porphyrin EC032." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 67, no. 7-8 (2009): S94—S96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.03.098.

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32

Yameen, Basit, Won Il Choi, Cristian Vilos, Archana Swami, Jinjun Shi, and Omid C. Farokhzad. "Insight into nanoparticle cellular uptake and intracellular targeting." Journal of Controlled Release 190 (September 2014): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.038.

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33

Choi, Marcelo R., Marisa R. Citarella, Brenda M. Lee, Florencia Lucano, and Belisario E. Fernández. "Urodilatin increases renal dopamine uptake: intracellular network involved." Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry 67, no. 2 (2011): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13105-010-0069-8.

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34

Akhtar, Saghir, and R. L. Juliano. "Cellular uptake and intracellular fate of antisense oligonucleotides." Trends in Cell Biology 2, no. 5 (1992): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0962-8924(92)90100-2.

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35

Kumar, Palanirajan Vijayaraj, Abhay Asthana, Tathagata Dutta, and Narendra K. Jain. "Intracellular macrophage uptake of rifampicin loaded mannosylated dendrimers." Journal of Drug Targeting 14, no. 8 (2006): 546–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611860600825159.

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36

Stratford, Michael R. L., Madeleine F. Dennis, Margaret E. Watts, Rodeina R. Watfa, and Michael Woodcock. "Radiosensitizer-DNA interactions in relation to intracellular uptake." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 16, no. 4 (1989): 1007–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(89)90904-8.

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Klettner, Alexa, Friederike Möhle, and Johann Roider. "Intracellular bevacizumab reduces phagocytotic uptake in RPE cells." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 248, no. 6 (2010): 819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-010-1317-x.

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Kettenmann, H., E. Sykova, R. K. Orkand, and M. Schachner. "Glial potassium uptake following depletion by intracellular ionophoresis." Pfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology 410, no. 1-2 (1987): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00581888.

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Lecocq, Michèle, Simone Wattiaux-De Coninck, Nathanael Laurent, Robert Wattiaux, and Michel Jadot. "Uptake and Intracellular Fate of Polyethylenimine in Vivo." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 278, no. 2 (2000): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2000.3809.

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40

Pollack, Simeon. "Receptor-mediated iron uptake and intracellular iron transport." American Journal of Hematology 39, no. 2 (1992): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajh.2830390208.

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41

Zhao, Feng, Ying Zhao, Ying Liu, Xueling Chang, Chunying Chen, and Yuliang Zhao. "Cellular Uptake, Intracellular Trafficking, and Cytotoxicity of Nanomaterials." Small 7, no. 10 (2011): 1322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201100001.

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42

Susnik, Eva, Patricia Taladriz-Blanco, Barbara Drasler, Sandor Balog, Alke Petri-Fink, and Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser. "Increased Uptake of Silica Nanoparticles in Inflamed Macrophages but Not upon Co-Exposure to Micron-Sized Particles." Cells 9, no. 9 (2020): 2099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9092099.

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Silica nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in various industrial and biomedical applications. Little is known about the cellular uptake of co-exposed silica particles, as can be expected in our daily life. In addition, an inflamed microenvironment might affect a NP’s uptake and a cell’s physiological response. Herein, prestimulated mouse J774A.1 macrophages with bacterial lipopolysaccharide were post-exposed to micron- and nanosized silica particles, either alone or together, i.e., simultaneously or sequentially, for different time points. The results indicated a morphological change and incre

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43

Barbour, B., C. Magnus, M. Szatkowski, P. T. Gray, and D. Attwell. "Changes in NAD(P)H fluorescence and membrane current produced by glutamate uptake into salamander Müller cells." Journal of Physiology 466, no. 1 (1993): 573–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019735.

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1. Glutamate uptake into isolated, whole‐cell patch‐clamped glial cells was studied by monitoring the increase of cell fluorescence generated as glutamate and NAD(P) were converted into alpha‐ketoglutarate and NAD(P)H by glutamate dehydrogenase. The current generated by the glutamate uptake carrier was recorded simultaneously. 2. L‐Glutamate evoked an increase of cell fluorescence and an inward uptake current. L‐ and D‐aspartate generated an uptake current but no fluorescence response, consistent with the amino acid specificity of glutamate dehydrogenase. 3. In the absence of external sodium t

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44

Emoto, Akiko, Fumihiko Ushigome, Noriko Koyabu, et al. "H+-linked transport of salicylic acid, an NSAID, in the human trophoblast cell line BeWo." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 5 (2002): C1064—C1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00179.2001.

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We investigated the transport of salicylic acid and l-lactic acid across the placenta using the human trophoblast cell line BeWo. We performed uptake experiments and measured the change in intracellular pH (pHi). The uptakes of [14C]salicylic acid andl-[14C]lactic acid were temperature- and extracellular pH-dependent and saturable at higher concentrations. Both uptakes were also reduced by FCCP, nigericin, and NaN3. Various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) strongly inhibited the uptake of l-[14C]lactic acid. Salicylic acid and ibuprofen noncompetitively inhibited the uptake ofl-[1

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45

Rodgers, Frank G., and Frank C. Gibson III. "Opsonin-independent adherence and intracellular development of Legionella pneumophila within U-937 cells." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 39, no. 7 (1993): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m93-103.

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Legionella pneumophila adhered to and multiplied intracellularly in the human histiocytic lymphoma U-937 cell line. The infectious process was evaluated by viable bacterial cell colony counts and documented by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. In the absence of opsonins, wash-resistant bacterial adherence to host cells occurred within 1 h and attachment of 1 or 2 organisms per U-937 host cell involved close surface interactions at the prokaryotic and eukaryotic membranes. Intracellular multiplication of bacteria was maximal by 24 h after inoculation of cell monolayers. Release of

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Shibaguchi, Kai, Atsushi Tamura, Masahiko Terauchi, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Hiroyuki Miura, and Nobuhiko Yui. "Mannosylated Polyrotaxanes for Increasing Cellular Uptake Efficiency in Macrophages through Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis." Molecules 24, no. 3 (2019): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030439.

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Macrophages play an important role in the regulation of inflammation and immune response as well as the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer. Therefore, targeted delivery of therapeutic reagents to macrophages is an effective method for treatment and diagnosis. We previously examined the therapeutic applications of polyrotaxanes (PRXs) comprised of multiple cyclodextrins (CDs) threaded on a polymer chain and capped with bulky stopper molecules. In the present study, we designed an α-d-mannose-modified α-CD/poly(ethylene glycol)-based PRX (Man-PRX). The intracellular uptake

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Zhang, Yong, and J. Zhang. "Confocal Study of Specific Targeting of Quantum Dot Nanocomposites to Cancer Cells." Key Engineering Materials 288-289 (June 2005): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.155.

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Targeting of drugs and therapeutic materials to target cells or designated intracellular locations relies upon their cellular / sub-cellular targeting and trafficking. The ideal optical properties of quantum dots offer the possibility of using them as fluorescent probes to study the intracellular uptake and pathway of drugs or biomolecules. Quantum dots, ZnS coated CdSe, were synthesized and successfully incorporated into polystyrene (PS) particles grafted with carboxyl groups and folic acid was attached to the nanoparticle surfaces. The nanocomposites were monodisperse and highly luminescent,

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Dinkelborg, L. M., R. K. Kinne, and M. K. Grieshaber. "Transport and metabolism of L-glutamate during oxygenation, anoxia, and reoxygenation of rat cardiac myocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 270, no. 5 (1996): H1825—H1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.270.5.h1825.

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The intracellular glutamate concentration of oxygenated, isolated adult rat heart cells incubated with 0.15 mM glutamate amounts to 2.89 +/- 0.6 mM. Under these conditions the velocity of glutamate transport was 24.3 +/- 1.6 pmol.min-1.mg protein-1 and occurs via a high-affinity carrier characterized by an apparent affinity (K(m)) value of 0.18 +/- 0.03 mM. At high glutamate concentrations ( > 1mM) this high-affinity transport system is superimposed by additional uptake processes of a low affinity but a high capacity for glutamate. The 1.6-fold increased uptake of glutamate observed during

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GRABINSKI, CHRISTIN M., JATUPORN SALAKLANG, CAROL M. GARRETT, et al. "MULTIFUNCTIONALIZED SPIONs FOR NUCLEAR TARGETING: CELL UPTAKE AND GENE EXPRESSION." Nano 09, no. 01 (2014): 1450009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179329201450009x.

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Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are used in many biological applications, which necessitate intracellular targeting. Here, we investigate intracellular localization and gene expression in HeLa cells after treatment with functionalized SPIONs. Functional groups investigated included positive amino propyl silane (APS), polyethylene glycol and targeting peptides: nuclear targeting peptide (NTP) and/or cancer cell uptake promoting peptide (cRGD). Results revealed that the intracellular localization of SPIONs was strongly dependent on the surface chemistry. Nuclear targeted SPIO

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Afinjuomo, Franklin, Thomas G. Barclay, Ankit Parikh, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of pH-Sensitive Inulin Conjugate of Isoniazid for Monocyte-Targeted Delivery." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 11 (2019): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110555.

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The use of particles for monocyte-mediated delivery could be a more efficient strategy and approach to achieve intracellular targeting and delivery of antitubercular drugs to host macrophages. In this study, the potential of inulin microparticles to serve as a drug vehicle in the treatment of chronic tuberculosis using a monocytes-mediated drug targeting approach was evaluated. Isoniazid (INH) was conjugated to inulin via hydrazone linkage in order to obtain a pH-sensitive inulin-INH conjugate. The conjugate was then characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), Fourier transf

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