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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lymphocytes of peripheral blood'

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1

Wang, Eddie Chung Yern. "CD8'+, CD57'+ lymphocytes : a functional and phenotypic analysis in normal peripheral blood." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319575.

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2

Miller, Brian Douglas. "Rat Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes as a Surrogate for Expression of TCDD Inducible Genes." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04292005-105927/.

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2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is persistent in the environment and the food chain resulting in a chronic exposure to human populations. The effects of this known human carcinogen are evaluated by measuring various TCDD-inducible endpoints. Cytochrome P450 1B1, a recently identified TCDD responsive gene, shows inducibility in both the rat and humans that is similar to Cytochrome P450 1A1, a widely accepted marker for TCDD responsiveness. In order to evaluate a Sprague Dawley rat model to predict human tissue effects with easily accessible human tissue, such as peripheral blood lymp
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3

Werner, Becker Marianne Patricia. "Response of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from RAO-affected Horses to b2-Agonist Stimulation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72984.

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Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) affects middle-age horses, inducing bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation. β2-agonists like salbutamol are used as treatment, promoting airway smooth muscle (ASM) relaxation and bronchodilation. In addition to ASM, inflammatory cells express the β2-adrenoreceptors (β2-AR). In other species, β2-agonists promote peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) cytokine expression towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype. RAO horses are a good model for evaluating chronic changes in human asthma. However, little is known about the effect of β2-agonist stimulation on equ
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4

Luqmani, Raashid Ahmed. "Phenotypic studies of rheumatoid arthritis : analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and rheumatoid synovial membrane." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317403.

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5

Llaudó, Vallmajor Inés. "P-Glycoprotein functional activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Role of immunosuppressants, pharmacogenomics and alloimmune response." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134502.

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Both immunological and non immunological factors are involved in chronic allograft nephropathy such as donor specific alloreactivity, chronic inflammation and nephrotoxicity induced by anticalcineurinics. Different degrees of nephrotoxicity are related to immunosuppression and to the level of inhibition of the different transporter proteins such as MDR1, MRP1 and MRP2. Those proteins could be subjected to genetic inter-individual variability thus modifying pharmacokinetics parameters. Furthermore, optimal immunosuppressive dose could be predicted by genotype characterization of MDR1, MRP1 or M
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6

Le, Roux Jacques. "The analysis of radiation-induced micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes for purpose of biological dosimetry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27038.

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In the investigation of radiation accidents, it is of great importance to estimate the dose absorbed by exposed persons in order to plan their therapy. Although occasionally in these situations physical dose measurements are possible, most often biological methods are required for dose estimation. The aim of this investigation was to assess the suitability of the cytokinesis blocked (CB) micronucleus assay as a biodosimetric method using lymphocytes irradiated in vivo. The approach adopted to achieve this was to estimate whole body doses by relating micronuclei yields in patients undergoing ra
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7

Wongsriraksa, Anong. "Characterisation of nicotine binding sites on human blood lymphocytes." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/1960.

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Nicotine exerts a therapeutic effect in ulcerative colitis (UC) but the mechanism underlying this effect, is not clear. However, this effect may imply that nicotine has some, as yet to be discovered, effect on the immune system. The aim of the work described in this thesis was to characterise the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in term of receptor subtype. To achieve this, a combination of radioligand binding assays, pharmacological and molecular biological techniques were used. The data obtained from the binding studies suggested that the prese
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8

Varelias, Antiopi. "Studies of CD44 variant isoform expression and function on activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in renal transplantation." Title page, summary and contents only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phv293.pdf.

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9

Veenstra, Hannelore F. U. "The investigation of peripheral blood cellular immune responses during infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1180.

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10

Cannons, Jennifer. "An increase in the frequency of hprt mutant T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue of RA patients." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ28406.pdf.

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11

Cannons, Jennifer. "An increase in the frequency of hprt mutant T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9964.

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I used the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) clonal assay to determine the in vivo frequency of mutant T cells (FMC) from the peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and controls. The results demonstrate that there is an increased FMC in the peripheral blood of RA patients compared to controls. There was also a significant elevation in the corrected FMC (cFMC), which takes in to account the cloning efficiency of the T cells, in the peripheral blood of RA patients compared to controls. There is an elevated FMC and cFMC in
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12

Strioga, Marius. "Expression of biomarkers, representing immunosuppressive, cytotoxic or immunomodulating properties of CD8h T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with immunogenic cancer forms." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100702_105111-42651.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of immunosuppressive (FOXP3, NKG2A), and cytotoxic (perforin) or cytotoxic / immunomodulating (IFNγ) T-cell properties representing biomarkers in the peripheral blood CD8h T-cell population of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or high risk cutaneous melanoma and healthy controls by multicolour flow cytometry. Determination of the percentage of functionally competing T-cell subsets (especially immunosuppressive) in the CD8hCD57+ T-cell subpopulation in future may serve as one of parameters enabling to assess the overall status
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13

Abudher, Munir Neffati. "Effect of peripheral blood lymphocyte activation on cyclosporine A mediated inhibition of IL-2 production." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394329.

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14

Salvador, Comino María Rosa [Verfasser], Helga [Akademischer Betreuer] Bernhard, and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Ruland. "PD-1 expression profile and phenotypes of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in breast cancer / María Rosa Salvador Comino. Gutachter: Helga Bernhard ; Jürgen Ruland. Betreuer: Helga Bernhard." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/101343594X/34.

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15

Bunescu, Andreia. "Cellular markers indicating activation of the hemostatic system : studies on platelets and leukocytes in peripheral human blood /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-759-2/.

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16

Roth, Bastian [Verfasser], Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel, and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante. "Exposure to sparsely and densely ionizing irradiation results in an immediate activation of K+ channels in A549 cells and in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. / Bastian Roth. Betreuer: Gerhard Thiel ; Marco Durante." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/110809502X/34.

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17

Vile, John M. "Studies of two potential markers of dopamine function in man : the level of D2-like dopamine receptors on peripheral blood lymphocytes and aspects of visual function - colour discrimination and sensitivity to motion." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242922.

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18

Gannon, Gregory Allan. "Peripheral blood lymphocyte trafficking and natural killer cell cytolytic activity during prolonged, exhaustive aerobic exercise, a focus on cell adhesion molecules and ß-endorphin." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/NQ35159.pdf.

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19

Бухштаб, А. Є. "Клініко-діагностичне значення Na+, K+- та Сa2+, Mg2+- АТФ-аз лімфоцитів периферичної крові у пацієнтів з ревматоїдним артритом". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/55033.

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Актуальність теми: Ревматоїдний артрит (РА) – системне захворювання сполучної тканини, яке має високі показники поширеності і призводить до ранньої втрати працездатності та зменшення тривалості життя. Своєчасна клініко-лабораторна діагностика РА є актуальною медичною та соціально-економічною проблемою внаслідок поширеності РА серед людей працездатного віку, його хронічного прогресуючого перебігу та ранньої інвалідизації. Відомо, що патогенез багатьох захворювань пов'язаний з порушенням йонного гомеостазу. Градієнт концентрації йонів натрію, калію та кальцію є інтергальним показником життєдіяль
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20

Lemaitre, Florian. "Optimisation des thérapeutiques immunosuppressives par méthode pharmacologique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA114832/document.

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Les immunosuppresseurs sont des médicaments ayant démontré leur efficacité dans la prévention du rejet de transplantation d’organe solide. Néanmoins, ces médicaments présentent une importante variabilité de la réponse pharmacologique notamment liée à une variation de leur pharmacocinétique. Cette variabilité peut être à l’origine d’un défaut d’efficacité du traitement ou de sur-expositions entrainant une toxicité. Le suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique (STP) des concentrations sanguines d’immunosuppresseur permet de limiter ces risques de sur ou de sous-exposition en facilitant l’adaptation de
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21

Dalziel, Martin. "Regulation of peripheral blood B-lymphocytic and serum CMP-NeuSAC : Galβl, 4GlcNAc - #alpha#2,6 sialyltransferase activity in relation to serum polyclonal immunoglobulin G #alpha#2,6 sialylation in rheumatoid arthritis." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252049.

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22

Segura, Castell Mónica. "Peripheral blood biomarkers in Psychiatric Diseases." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83727.

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Actually, there is a strong incidence of psychiatric diseases, representing a 13% of total burden diseases and 450 million of people affected. The etiology of psychiatric diseases remains unknown. However, scientific evidences suggest a maldevelopment of nervous system (NS). The diagnosis is inaccurate, and international manuals (ICD-10 and DSM-IV) identify pathologies according to a list of symptoms but no underlying biological cause of disease. The aim of the thesis is to identify potential biomarkers -related to the development of NS- in peripheral blood of psychiatric patients diagnosed as
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23

Willis, Fenella Mai. "Optimising peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilisation." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511964.

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24

Scott, Adrian Roy. "Peripheral blood flow and diabetes mellitus." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303002.

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25

Hughes, B. "Gene expression profiling of quiescent peripheral T lymphocytes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604742.

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The <i>lymphopenia </i>mutation, a key factor in the development of autoimmune diabetes mellitus in the BB rat, reduces the <i>in vitro </i>life-span of TCR<sup>hi </sup>single-positive thymocytes and peripheral T cells due to an increased rate of apoptosis. It was proposed that the <i>lymphopenia </i>mutation prevents the accumulation of a normal T cell pool, including regulatory subsets, without preventing the activation and proliferation of reactive T cells, thereby creating conditions appropriate for the development of uncontrolled autoimmune disease. To understand the processes affecting
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26

Suzuki-Jaecks, Ivy. "Fas ligand-mediated costimulation in peripheral T lymphocytes /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8319.

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27

Lee, F. Y. "The effects of CAMPATH on cord blood and peripheral blood cells." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1463448/.

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CAMPATH-1H is administered prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to reduce risks of graft versus host disease (GvHD) by targeting CD52 antigens on T cells, resulting in their depletion. CAMPATH-1H is routinely used in HSCT using haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow but not cord blood (CB). Data regarding in vivo and in vitro effects of CAMPATH-1H on immune cells is limited to PB T and B cells. Thus, we sought to determine whether a direct correlation between CD52 density and the depleting effects of CAMPATH-1H exists with fresh and froze
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28

Brooks, C. F. "Antigen presenting cells in human peripheral blood." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234349.

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29

Silva, Carolina Sousa. "Protemic characterization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15872.

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Mestrado em Biotecnologia - Biotecnologia Molecular<br>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) play quite diverse and important roles in monitoring immune homeostasis. Thus, these subset of blood cells may provide access to potential physiological relevant biomolecules, namely proteins. For this reason, PBMCs represent a promising biological sample in scientific research, particularly as a source of potential biological markers discovery of the most diverse diseases. Prior studies of proteomic characterization of PBMCs from healthy individuals lack either the identification of a large numbe
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30

Craig, Jenny I. O. "Peripheral blood stem cells in haematological malignancies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19651.

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Autologous bone marrow transplantation is used successfully as intensive therapy for patients with haematological malignancies and other solid tumours. Peripheral blood contains haematopoietic progenitors whose levels are greatly increased during very early remission after treatment for acute leukaemia or after high dose chemotherapy schedules. These circulating progenitors have been harvested by leucapheresis and used as an alternative to bone marrow as salvage after myeloablative treatments. Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) appear to have several advantages over bone marrow including rapid
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31

Fraser, Simon D. "Peripheral blood leukocyte immune responses in sarcoidosis." Thesis, University of Hull, 2016. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:15182.

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Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. The disease is characterised by elevated Th1-like pro-inflammatory immune responses in tissue, whereas peripheral blood has been described as either having enhanced, diminished or similar responses in patients compared with healthy controls. The aim of this study was to characterise the immune responses from peripheral leukocytes in patients with sarcoidosis, focussing on inflammatory and regulatory features present in the disease. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blo
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32

Holme, E. R. "C3b receptors (CR1) on peripheral human blood cells." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381473.

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33

Kourosh, Rasekh Ahmadi. "Genetic control of human peripheral blood leukocyte populations." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289879.

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34

Lentini, Tim. "Monocytes and dendritic cells in human peripheral blood." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21204.

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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>Inflammatory myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) are critical in the pathogenesis and maintenance of psoriasis vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. New ways to define these cells, and their precursors, may a
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35

Seabrook, Timothy James. "The differential migration of blood and lymph lymphocytes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/NQ53778.pdf.

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36

Alnabhan, R. M. "Study of the activation of peripheral blood and cord blood natural killer cells." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1460319/.

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Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic effectors providing a first line of defence against viruses and tumours. NK cells can be isolated from peripheral blood (PB) or cord blood (CB) for cancer immunotherapy. However, it was shown by our group and others, that CB NK cells express higher NKG2A and less killer immunoglobulin like receptors (KIRs) than PB NK cells indicating an immature phenotype. Also, CB NK cells require high doses of interleukin (IL)-2 for proliferation and activation. It was also shown that resting CB NK cells are poorly cytotoxic and produce less IFN-γ than PB N
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37

Peirce, Susan Caroline. "Investigating short-term blood pressure regulation : peripheral baroreceptor sensitivity." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29891.

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Autonomically-mediated baroreflex control of heart rate has been extensively studied (cardiac BRS, cBRS), but peripheral control of blood pressure is less well known. Total peripheral resistance (TPR) was derived from pulse contour stroke volume (SVPC) using non-invasive blood pressure (Finapres). The beat-to-beat variability of Finapres SVPC was evaluated in cardiac catheterisation patients against aortic blood pressure SVPC. Correlations were generally good (mean R = 0.75), but regression slopes tended to be less than unity and several aortic recordings were significantly affected by the dyn
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38

Decatris, Marios Petrou. "A comparative quantitative study of human myeloid dendritic cell progenitors in cord blood, bone marrow, peripheral blood and their mobilization kinetics in the peripheral blood of cancer patients undergoing leucaphaeresis." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29456.

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Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has potential for use in the treatment of cancer, infections and transplantation. Generating large numbers of DC from haemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) is a key step in this process, often achieved by the aphaeresis of HPC, following their mobilization from the bone marrow into peripheral blood (PB) with chemotherapy and growth factor support (usually, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, G-CSF). The objective of this work was to identify the optimum time for leucaphaeresis of DC progenitors. An established clonogenic assay specific for colony-formin
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39

Moser, Stephanie. "In vitro effects of psychopharmaceuticals on peripheral mononuclear blood cells." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-144429.

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40

Hau, Vincent Sinh. "EFFECT OF PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATORY PAIN ON THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1071%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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41

Coleman, Christopher Michael. "Interactions Between Human Peripheral Blood Neutrophils and Respiratory Syncytial Virus." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500247.

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42

Drake, Mary. "Characterisation of mononuclear cells in peripheral blood stem cell harvests." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287206.

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43

Barr, Laura Caroline. "Peripheral blood mononuclear cell depletion for experimental human lung inflammation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23705.

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Acute lung injury (ALI) affects a significant proportion of patients requiring critical care and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Treatment is currently only supportive, with no pharmacological treatment yet shown to definitively improve outcome. There is evidence from murine models of ALI that monocytes play a key role in the development of the neutrophilic lung infiltration characteristic of ALI. Depletion of blood monocytes in mice given intra-tracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly reduces pulmonary neutrophil influx, systemic neutrophilia and other markers of lung
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44

Parkinson, Nicholas J. "Endotoxin-induced microRNA expression in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81766.

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The innate immune response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) contributes substantially to the morbidity of equine gastrointestinal disease, neonatal sepsis and other diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules acting as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, have key roles in TLR4 signaling regulation in other species. The central hypothesis of this study was that LPS induces differential expression of miRNAs in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were isolated from healthy adult horses and cultured with LP
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45

Tamura, Akihiro. "Accelerated apoptosis of peripheral blood monocytes in Cebpb-deficient mice." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215389.

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Final publication is available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X1530276X<br>Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(医学)<br>甲第19563号<br>医博第4070号<br>新制||医||1013(附属図書館)<br>32599<br>京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻<br>(主査)教授 河本 宏, 教授 藤田 潤, 教授 髙折 晃史<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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46

Stainer, Karen Louise. "The peripheral venous system in health and disease." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252946.

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47

Theocharous, Panteli. "Novel approaches in the detection and characterisation of circulating and micrometastatic tumour cells in epithelial malignancies." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248387.

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48

Marchand, Ingrid. "Gender differences in post-exercise peripheral blood flow and skin temperature." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ43912.pdf.

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49

Marchand, Ingrid. "Gender differences in post-exercise peripheral blood flow and skin temperature." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35379.

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This study identified gender-related differences in post-exercise peripheral blood flow and body temperature in neutral environment (21ºC). The subjects were 11 male (22 +/- 4 years) and 14 pre-ovulatory female (23 +/- 3 years) recreational runners VO2max: 62 +/- 5 mL/kg &bull; min for men and 55 +/- 5 mL/kg &bull; min for women). Forearm blood flow rectal (Trec) and forearm skin temperatures (Tsk), and forearm vascular resistance (mean arterial pressure/forearm blood flow) were measured pre-exercise (pre), immediately after (t = 0), and every 15 minutes up to 105 minutes (t = 105) post-exerci
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50

Sair, Mark. "Blood flow, peripheral vascular reactivity and tissue oxygenation during systemic sepsis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286356.

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