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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Malononitrile'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Foucat, Loïc. "Etude par rmn de la dynamique rotationnelle du malononitrile." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066377.

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Etude de cette molecule de type rotateur asymetrique en solution dans ch::(2)cl::(2), tetrahydrofurane et diglyne. A l'aide de la theorie de la "relaxation couplee" determination des valeurs des trois constantes de diffusion du solute et des densites spectrales relatives aux mecanismes de relaxation dipole-dipole, intra-et intermoleculaire. Etude de l'influence du taux de deuteriation du solvant sur la relaxation du solute dans le cas de ch::(2)cl::(2). Ecart des densites spectrales par rapport aux previsions theoriques. Test de la validite de plusieurs modeles hydrodynamiques: celui de knauss

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2

Foucat, Loïc. "Etude par RMN de la dynamique rotationnelle du malononitrile." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376051883.

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3

Benkhai, Amine. "Spectrométrie infrarouge des excitons et réapparition de phase dans le cristal moléculaire de malononitrile." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2306.

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Le cristal moleculaire de malononitrile presente deux transitions de phase du second ordre a tc#1=294,7 et a tc#2=141 k. Les phases haute(i) et basse temperature (iv) ont la meme structure cristallographique (monoclinique), la phase intermediaire est de moindre symetrie. Le present travail etudie par spectromerie infrarouge des excitons la transition de phase iviii reentrante a tc#2=141 k et la transition de phase iiiii du premier ordre a t#t=260 k. Pour caracteriser la transition de phase a tc#2=141 k, nous avons etudie la variation de la separation des composantes excitoniques () cm##1 de la

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4

Hout, Joseph J. "Identification of compounds formed during the low temperature heat dispersal of o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile (CS riot control agent) /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2006. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Hout2006.pdf.

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5

Tayyari, Fariba. "Efficient one-pot reductive alkylations of malononitrile with aromatic aldehydes and one-pot synthesis of new 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromenes." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1399195.

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A powerful new one-pot method has been developed for the reductive alkylation of malononitrile with aromatic aldehydes. This new procedure has vastly improved the yield and efficiency and increased the scope for the aromatic aldehydes. Incorporating water as the catalyst in ethanol for the condensation step allows stoichiometric amounts of malononitrile and aldehyde to be employed. After dilution and cooling the reduction step takes place quickly and efficiently with sodium borohydride to give monosubstituted malononitriles.The product from the reductive alkylation of malononitrile with 2-quin

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6

Crump, P. W. "The radiosensitization of Escherichia coli by malononitriles." Thesis, University of Salford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353978.

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7

Moimare, Pierluigi. "Sintesi e caratterizzazione strutturale di derivati piperidinici e morfolinici chirali." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19197/.

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The topic of this thesis concerns the study of catalytic processes for the synthesis of chiral 3,4,5-trisubstituted piperidine and 2,6-disubstituted morpholine. Substrates possessing an α,β-unsaturated ester and a ketone moiety, able to undergo addition/cyclization cascade reactions with different pro-nucleophiles (thiophenols, acetone cyanohydrin and malononitrile), have been evaluated. Chiral and achiral systems for phase-transfer catalysis have been applied as catalysts. Moderate enantiomeric excesses have been obtained for the morpholinic products and good to excellent values for the piper

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8

Chityala, Madhu. "Chemistry of Cyanoform (Tricyanomethane); and Rearrangement of 1H-1,2,3-Triazoles to the Corresponding 2H-Isomers." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-216192.

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Cyanoform (tricyanomethane) is one of the strongest carbon-based organic acids reported in text books of organic chemistry, which has evaded synthesis and isolation in its free state, since 120 years. In this dissertation, the acid-free synthesis of cyanoform by an absolutely new approach has been discussed. Generation of the elusive molecule, cyanoform from the photolysis and thermolysis of 2-(azidomethylidene)malononitrile, has been confirmed at very low temperatures by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 15N NMR, and the relevant 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, it has been proved that cyanoform is

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9

Swift, Elizabeth Claire. "Development of Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation Reactions of Alkylidene Malononitriles and Stereospecific Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Alkyl Electrophiles." Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3592019.

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<p> Transition-metal catalysis has enabled the development of an unprecedented number of mild and selective C-C bond-forming reactions. We sought to access the reactivity of palladium and nickel catalysts for two types of transformations: conjugate allylations and sp<sup>3</sup>-sp<sup> 3</sup> cross-coupling reactions. </p><p> Conjugate allylation of malononitriles was evaluated with N-heterocyclic carbene-ligated palladium complexes. The allylation was found to yield a variety of mono-allylated products. These results are in contrast to the bis-allylation of malononitriles using other pal

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10

Vergnat, Virginie. "Matériaux hybrides organiques-inorganiques par greffage covalent de polymères sur des oxydes métalliques." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/VERGNAT_Virginie_2011.pdf.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est d’élaborer des matériaux hybrides polymères/oxydes métalliques à nanostructure contrôlée et d’étudier leurs propriétés physiques. Pour préparer ces matériaux, nous avons choisi la méthode « grafting from » qui consiste dans un premier temps à greffer de manière covalente un amorceur de polymérisation à la surface des nanoparticules. La polymérisation est ensuite conduite depuis la surface de ces nanoparticules. Tout d’abord, nous présentons les nanoparticules d’oxydes métalliques utilisées: la ferrite de cobalt synthétisée par coprécipitation, l’oxyde de fer non a

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11

Lino, Aline Monteiro. "Síntese, caracterização, estudos fotofísicos e acompanhamento in situ da reação de formação do corante (E)-2-[3-[4-(difenilamina)-fenil]-1-(p-tolil)-alilideno] malononitrila por microscopia de fluorescência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75134/tde-31032016-140123/.

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Neste trabalho foi sintetizado o corante (E)-2-[3-[4-(difenilamina)-fenil]-1-(p-tolil)- alilideno]-malononitrila (DFTAM), a partir da reação de condensação entre 4- (difenilamino)-benzaldeído e 2- [1- (4- metilfenil)-etilideno]-malononitrila, com catálise básica de piperidina. O produto obtido foi purificado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC) e caracterizado pelas técnicas de espectrometria de massas, ressonância magnética nuclear de 13C e 1H e espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier. Para estudar suas propriedades fotofísicas, espectros de absorção e emiss

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12

Murali, Dheeptha. "Chemistry of quinoline-2-carbaldehyde derivatives with malononitrile and formation of indolizines." 2011. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1657738.

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The quinoline-5,8-diones are an important class of compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activites such as antibacterial, antiasthmatic, antifungal, antitumour and antiparasitic agents. Over the past three decades many variously substituted derivatives of quinoline-5,8-diones have been synthesized and reported. The majority of them dealt with the chemistry of C-6 and/or C-7 substituted quinolinediones and were related to Lavendamycin. Our lab has developed several procedures for the condensation (Knoevenagel) and reduction of aldehydes and ketones with malononitrile. When this reductive

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13

Huang, Lan-hui, and 黃藍慧. "Electronic Properties Study of Malononitrile Derivative Containing Polyfluorene Based Organic Thin-Film Transistors." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83573782615186866371.

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碩士<br>雲林科技大學<br>光學電子工程研究所<br>98<br>In this research, We discussed that the use of malononitrile derivative containing polyfluorene as the organic active layer in organic thin-film transistors. We used two different conjugated polymer to change weight concentration ratios of is 1wt%、3wt%、5wt% in organic active layer of processing conditions. The electricity of the organic thin film transistor was affected by two different conjugated polymer as organic active layer. The first experiment is the making of the thin-film capacitor. We fabricated the MIM capacitors with ITO/TiO2 /Cu structure. First

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14

Chang, Hsin Han, and 張欣涵. "Synthesis And Photophysics Characterization Of Fluoren-9-One And Fluoren-9-Ylidene-Malononitrile Derivatives." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n23d7d.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>生物科技研究所<br>100<br>The synthesis of four fluorene-based compounds when Fluorenone (CO) and Fluoren-9-Ylidene Malononireile C(CN)2 derivatives were introduced into position 9 of molecule by reported. The structures of Fluorenone (CO) and Fluoren-9-Ylidene Malononireile C(CN)2 derivatives were confirmed Mass spectrometry, FT-IR and NMR. The optical properties were analyzed by Absorption and fluorescence properties of compounds in polar solvents and observed solvatochromic behavior. Subsequently the fluorescence quantum yield of compounds was calculated.Then showing that higher v

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15

Tsai, Pei-Chung, and 蔡培中. "Air-stable N-channel Organic Field-effect Transistors Based on Naphthalene diamide malononitrile Derivatives." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d5fmt9.

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碩士<br>國立暨南國際大學<br>應用化學系<br>106<br>In order to develop more air-stable N-type materials applied to Organic Field-effect Transistors (OFETs), in this study we adopted bisisatin as our main structure to design air stable n-type semiconductor, we substituted the malononitrile at 3-position of isatin in order to decrease low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels which cause them potential candidates for high- performance n-channel OSCs for application in OFETs. We have successfully synthesized Naphthalene diamide malononitrile Derivatives NDAM-C8 and NDAM-C2C6,and they ar

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16

Liu, Li-Wei, and 劉力瑋. "Synthesis and Electroluminescence Properties of a series of Malononitrile Derivative Containing Hyper-branched Conjugated Polymers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kbbj7c.

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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>化學工程與材料工程研究所<br>96<br>A series of main chain polymers were synthesized by the Suzuki coupling reaction with malononitrile derivative and fluorine, or malononitrile derivative and Thiophene. Moreover, the hyperbranched polymers were synthesized by the same way with electron-withdrawing group triazine as molecular cores. All the polymers were end-capped with p-brombo-toluene. Four red light emitting polymers (LEPs) namely MPFM, HPFM, MPTM and HPTM were synthesized in this study. The maximal UV-Vis absorption and the PL emission of four polymers in solid film were 448, 457, 427,

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17

徐偉育. "Bis-1,4-[2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malononitrile]benzene Derivatives for N-Channel Organic Field Effect Transistors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5j2773.

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18

Chen, Yao-Huang, and 陳耀煌. "Fluorene/Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers Comprising Dibenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl methane and Malononitrile Pendants for Photovoltaic Devices." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64775064041456505024.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>化學工程學系所<br>99<br>Novel fluorine/thiophene-based conjugated polymers with dibenzo [d] thiazol -2-yl methane and malononitrile based pendants were synthesized via Suzuki coupling reactions. All polymers exhibited good solubility in organic solvents and stable thermal properties. The introduction of dibenzo [d] thiazol-2-yl methane and malononitrile as side chains would broaden the absorption of solar spectra and modulate the band gap of polymers. With the various ratios of fluorine and thiophene, the HOMO level was located at an ideal range (-5.2~-5.8 eV). The photovoltaic charac

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19

Chu, Kuo-Ching, and 朱國慶. "Alkylidene Derivative of Malononitrile as Allene Equivalent in Diels-Alder Reaction and Synthetic Studies on (±)-Laurencenone C and (±)-Blepharostol." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98245049032907563890.

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20

YEN, FENG-MING, and 顏豐明. "Bis-2,6-[2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malononitrile]naphthalene Derivatives for Air Stable N-Channel Organic Field Effect Transistors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9g3nd4.

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碩士<br>國立暨南國際大學<br>應用化學系<br>106<br>The development of air-stable n-type organic field-effect transistor (OFET) materials have attracted much attention owing to the necessity to combine them with air-stable p-type OFETs to fabricate organic complementary circuits have high performance. We have changed the previously published derivatives of dicyanomethylene substituted indol-2-one, adding naphthalene between dimers to increase their conjugation length and coplanarity. Design N-type semiconductor materials, which can be stable under ambient conditions. We have successfully synthesized BIMN-C2

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21

李侃蔚. "Bis-2, 2'-[2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malononitrile]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Derivatives for Air Stable N-Channel Organic Field Effect Transistors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3pyg35.

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碩士<br>國立暨南國際大學<br>應用化學系<br>106<br>Organic Field-Effect Transistors (OFETs) have been studied for many years, because of their potential applications in large area, flexible, and low cost complementary circuits. The carrier mobility and device stability of N-type is far behind than P-type, this is because of the LUMO of organic materials is higher than H2O and oxygen. In this study we demonstrate the Bis-2,2’[2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)malononitrile]thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (BIMTT) derivatives and introduce cyano group onto isatins derivative is decrease the LUMO value, and make sure it becomes a

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22

Moores, Lee C. "Malononitriles and cyanoacetamides containing isoxazoles and isoxazolines." 2011. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1657737.

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Isoxazoles and isoxazolines have been shown in the literature to be an important scaffold for pharmaceuticals and insecticides, as well as a source of synthetic versatility important to many syntheses. As a substitute for other aromatic rings, isoxazoles are known to change the efficacy of a given compound. Isoxazolines can be used as a precursor to many other functional moieties that may be effected during earlier synthetic steps. There are many routes to the heterocyclic moiety, allowing for their insertion in a wide range of molecules. Our group has previously reported a condensation of ary

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23

Chityala, Madhu. "Chemistry of Cyanoform (Tricyanomethane); and Rearrangement of 1H-1,2,3-Triazoles to the Corresponding 2H-Isomers: Chemistry of Cyanoform (Tricyanomethane); and Rearrangement of 1H-1,2,3-Triazoles to the Corresponding 2H-Isomers." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A20618.

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Cyanoform (tricyanomethane) is one of the strongest carbon-based organic acids reported in text books of organic chemistry, which has evaded synthesis and isolation in its free state, since 120 years. In this dissertation, the acid-free synthesis of cyanoform by an absolutely new approach has been discussed. Generation of the elusive molecule, cyanoform from the photolysis and thermolysis of 2-(azidomethylidene)malononitrile, has been confirmed at very low temperatures by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 15N NMR, and the relevant 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, it has been proved that cyanoform is

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