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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanism of iridium(III)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

B., Dharma Rao, Baby Nirmala N., and Vani P. "Kinetics and mechanism of iridium(III) catalysed oxidation of DL-methionine by alkaline hexacyanoferrate(III)." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 90, Mar 2013 (2013): 365–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5769719.

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Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India <em>E-mail</em> : vani_chem@rediffmail.com <em>Manuscript received online 07 April 2012, revised 04 May 2012, accepted 22 May 2012</em> Iridium(lll) catalysed oxidation of DL-methionine by hexacyanoferrate(III) was studied spectrophotometrically in aqueous alkaline medium at 30 ± 0.1 °C at a constant ionic strength. A micro amount of iridium(III) was sufficient to catalyse the slow reaction between DL-methionine and hexacyanoferrate(III). The re

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2

Anjali, Goel, R. Verma G., and S. Singh H. "Kinetics and mechanism of iridium(III) chloride catalyzed oxidation of ethylene glycol and methyl glycol by hexacyanoferrate(III) in aqueous alkaline medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 79, Aug 2002 (2002): 665–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5843309.

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Department of Chemistry. Kanya Gurukul Mahavidhyalaya, Gurukul Kangri University, Jwalapur, Hardwar-249 407, India <em>E-mail : </em>dr_anjaligoel@rediffmail.com                 <em>Fax : </em>91-0133-452290 Chemistry Department, S. D. (P.G.) College, Muzaffernagar-251 001, India Chemical Laboratories, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-21 1 002, India <em>Manuscript received 28 July 2000, revised 27 September 2001. accepted 21 March 2002</em> The iridiurn(III) chloride catalyzed oxidation of ethylene glycol and me

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3

Shang, Xiaohong, Ning Wan, Deming Han, and Gang Zhang. "A theoretical study on the injection, transport, absorption and phosphorescence properties of heteroleptic iridium(iii) complexes with different ancillary ligands." Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 13, no. 3 (2014): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3pp50394a.

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4

Pèrez-Miqueo, Jorge, Virginia San Nacianceno, F. Borja Urquiola, and Zoraida Freixa. "Revisiting the iridacycle-catalyzed hydrosilylation of enolizable imines." Catalysis Science & Technology 8, no. 24 (2018): 6316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cy01236a.

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5

Cao, Jian-Jun, Cai-Ping Tan, Mu-He Chen, et al. "Targeting cancer cell metabolism with mitochondria-immobilized phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes." Chemical Science 8, no. 1 (2017): 631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sc02901a.

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6

He, Liang, Yi Li, Cai-Ping Tan, et al. "Cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes as lysosome-targeted photodynamic anticancer and real-time tracking agents." Chemical Science 6, no. 10 (2015): 5409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sc01955a.

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We report the rational design and photodynamic anticancer mechanism studies of iridium(iii) complexes with pH-responsive singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) production and lysosome-specific imaging properties.

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7

Kim, Kye-Young, Richard T. Farley, and Kirk S. Schanze. "An Iridium(III) Complex that Exhibits Dual Mechanism Nonlinear Absorption." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110, no. 35 (2006): 17302–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp063916m.

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8

Zhang, Cheng, Shang-Hai Lai, Hui-Hui Yang, et al. "Photoinduced ROS regulation of apoptosis and mechanism studies of iridium(iii) complex against SGC-7901 cells." RSC Advances 7, no. 29 (2017): 17752–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra00732a.

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A new iridium(iii) complex, Ir(ppy)<sub>2</sub>(FBPIP)]PF<sub>6</sub> (Ir-1), was synthesized and characterized. The anticancer activity of the complex was investigated by cytotoxicity in vitro, apoptosis, cell invasion, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and western blot.

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9

Tellers, David M., and Robert G. Bergman. "Mechanistic study of ligand substitution processes in TpIr(III) complexes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 79, no. 5-6 (2001): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-162.

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The synthesis of the cationic hydridotris(pyrazolyl)borate iridium(III) complex [Tp(PMe3)IrMe(ClCH2Cl)][BArf] (2-CH2Cl2) is reported. Spectroscopic characterization of 2-CH2Cl2 in CH2Cl2 solution indicates that exchange of bound CH2Cl2 with free CH2Cl2 is slow on the NMR time scale. Under 50 atm (1 atm = 101.325 kPa) of N2, the CH2Cl2 in 2-CH2Cl2 is displaced by N2 to yield [Tp(PMe3)IrMe(N2)][BArf] (2-N2). The stronger nucleophile CH3CN reacts rapidly with 2-CH2Cl2 to produce [Tp(PMe3)IrMe(NCCH3)][BArf] (4). A kinetic study was performed on CH2Cl2 substitution in 2-CH2Cl2 by CD3CN. The data ar

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10

Novohradsky, Vojtech, Zhe Liu, Marie Vojtiskova, Peter J. Sadler, Viktor Brabec, and Jana Kasparkova. "Mechanism of cellular accumulation of an iridium(iii) pentamethylcyclopentadienyl anticancer complex containing a C,N-chelating ligand." Metallomics 6, no. 3 (2014): 682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3mt00341h.

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A new antitumor iridium complex [(η<sup>5</sup>-Cp*)(Ir)(bq)Cl] (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, bq = 7,8-benzoquinoline) and conventional cisplatin have contrasting mechanisms of accumulation in ovarian cancer cells.

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11

Kostova, Irena. "Cytotoxic Organometallic Iridium(III) Complexes." Molecules 30, no. 4 (2025): 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30040801.

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Iridium complexes attract a lot of attention as highly promising antitumor agents due to their various structures, which offer the modification of their physicochemical and biological effects. Compared to conventional platinum-based drugs, iridium complexes are commonly thought to be more active in tumors, resistant to platinum agents and more stable in air and moisture conditions. Chloridoiridium complexes offer a range of advantages facilitating their rational design, reactivity and photochemical activity, leading to different cytotoxic profiles, diverse mechanisms of action and specific int

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12

Zuo, Huiping, Zhipeng Liu, Wu Yang, Zhikuan Zhou, and Kin Shing Chan. "User-friendly aerobic reductive alkylation of iridium(iii) porphyrin chloride with potassium hydroxide: scope and mechanism." Dalton Transactions 44, no. 47 (2015): 20618–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt03845f.

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Alkylation of iridium 5,10,15,20-tetrakistolylporphyrinato carbonyl chloride, Ir(ttp)Cl(CO) (1), with 1°, 2° alkyl halides was achieved to give (ttp)Ir-alkyls in good yields under air and water compatible conditions by utilizing KOH as the cheap reducing agent.

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13

S., N. Dindi, and G. Sudarsan K. "Kinetics and mechanism of iridium(III) catalysed oxidation of tellurium(IV) by cerium(IV) in sulfuric acid medium." Journal Of Indian Chemical Society Vol.78, Jul 2001 (2001): 327–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5872735.

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Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003, India <em>Manuscript received 13 July 2000. revised 27 November 2000, accepted 10 February 2001</em> The kinetics and mechanism of iridium(iii) catalysed oxidation of tellurium(iv) by cerium(iv) have been studied in sulfuric acid medium. The reaction is first order in [Ir<sup>III</sup>] as well as in [Ce<sup>IV</sup>] and fractional order (0.23) in [Te<sup>IV</sup>]. Increase in [H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>] accelerates the rate while that in ionic strength or \(H_2SO_4^-\), retards. Ce<sup>III</sup>, on

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14

Sheila, Srivastava, Srivastava Parul, Gupta Vandana, and Jaiswal Arti. "Homogeneous catalytic oxidation of some polyhydric alcohols by iridium trichloride." Chemistry International 3, no. 1 (2017): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1473046.

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The kinetic investigation for catalyzed oxidation of D-sorbitol and glycerol using in Ir(III) in an acidified solution of NBS in the presence of Hg(OAc)2 as a scavenger for bromide ion has been carried out in the temperature range of 300 - 450 C. First order kinetics in the lower NBS concentration range tended to zero order at higher concentration. Increase in concentration of Cl- and H+ ion showed fractional inverse order while the order of reaction w.r.t. substrate was zero. Negligible effect of Hg(OAc)2 and ionic strength of the medium was observed. A suitable mechanism in conformity with t

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15

Ge, Xingxing, Shujiao Chen, Xicheng Liu, et al. "Ferrocene-Appended Iridium(III) Complexes: Configuration Regulation, Anticancer Application, and Mechanism Research." Inorganic Chemistry 58, no. 20 (2019): 14175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02227.

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16

Zhang, Junming, Jinfeng Liu, Xicheng Liu, et al. "Lysosome-targeted chemotherapeutics: Anticancer mechanism of N-heterocyclic carbene iridium(III) complex." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 207 (June 2020): 111063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111063.

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17

Cavallo, Luigi, Steven P. Nolan, and Heiko Jacobsen. "Mechanism of dihydride formation and hydrogen/deuterium exchange in a cationic iridium(III) complex." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 10 (2009): 1362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-091.

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In this manuscript, we provide a theoretical rationalization of the mechanisms that control double H2 addition to an unsaturated 14 e cationic Ir(III) complex to yield a dihydride Ir(III) complex. Further, we also present two mechanisms that can explain the experimentally observed incorporation of deuterium into the tert-Butyl (tBu) groups of the N-heterocyclic ItBu ligands.

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18

Guo, Song, Chaoxiong Guo, Zhao Lu, et al. "A Novel Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complex Bearing Formamide for Quantitative Fluorine Anion Detection." Crystals 11, no. 10 (2021): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101190.

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Fluorine anion plays a critical role for human health, especially for the teeth and the skeletal system, and a deficiency or excess of fluorine anion will result in various diseases. Thus, the accurate and timely detection of fluorine content is of great importance. Herein, a novel and sensitive fluorine probe based on ionic iridium(III) complex using 5-formamide phenanthroline as an ancillary ligand was designed and synthesized rationally. The probe exhibited excellent performance for F− detection in organic solvents. H-bonding between the fluoride and the amide proton was formed, thus changi

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19

Aydogan, Akin, Rachel E. Bangle, Simon De Kreijger, et al. "Mechanistic investigation of a visible light mediated dehalogenation/cyclisation reaction using iron(iii), iridium(iii) and ruthenium(ii) photosensitizers." Catalysis Science & Technology 11, no. 24 (2021): 8037–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cy01771c.

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The identification of reaction mechanisms unique to the iron, ruthenium, and iridium PS represents progress towards the long-sought goal of utilizing earth-abundant, first-row transition metals for emerging energy and environmental applications.

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20

Novohradsky, Vojtech, Gloria Vigueras, Jitka Pracharova, et al. "Molecular superoxide radical photogeneration in cancer cells by dipyridophenazine iridium(iii) complexes." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 9 (2019): 2500–2513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qi00811j.

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21

Chen, Shujiao, Xicheng Liu, Xingxing Ge, et al. "Lysosome-targeted iridium(iii) compounds with pyridine-triphenylamine Schiff base ligands: syntheses, antitumor applications and mechanisms." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 7, no. 1 (2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qi01161g.

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22

Cheung, Chi Wai, and Kin Shing Chan. "Base-Promoted Selective Aryl Carbon−Bromine Bond Cleavage by Iridium(III) Porphyrin for Iridium(III) Porphyrin Aryl Synthesis: A Metalloradical Ipso Addition−Elimination Mechanism." Organometallics 30, no. 7 (2011): 1768–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om200027q.

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23

Anjali, Goel, and Sharma Ruchi. "A kinetic and mechanistic study on the oxidation of arginine and lysine by hexacyanoferrate(III) catalysed by iridium(III) in aqueous alkaline medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 89, Sep 2012 (2012): 1191–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5769165.

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Department of Chemistry, KGM, Gurukul Kangri University, Post-Jwalapur, Hardwar-249 407, Uttarakhand, India <em>E-mail</em> : anjaligoellO@gmail.com <em>Manuscript received 28 July 2011, accepted 16 December 2011</em> The kinetics of Ir<sup>lll</sup> catalysed oxidation of some amino acids like arginine and lysine by hexacyanofcrratc [abbreviated as HCF(III)] ions in aqueous alkaline medium at constant ionic strength 0.5 mol dm<sup>-3</sup> and temperature 35 °C has been studied spectrophotometrically. The reactions exhibit 2 : 1 stoichiometry and follows first order kinetics in [HCF(III)]

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24

Kostova, Irena. "Homo- and Hetero-Multinuclear Iridium(III) Complexes with Cytotoxic Activity." Inorganics 13, no. 5 (2025): 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics13050156.

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Towards the efforts to expand the bioactivity and to reduce toxic and adverse properties of known metal-based drugs, various multinuclear complexes have recently been studied. They have shown enhancement of target specificity and selectivity. Different from small organic compounds and traditional metal-based complexes with anticancer activity, iridium(III) multinuclear or heteronuclear metallodrugs have confirmed potential advantages due to their unique biological and chemical diversities, better activity and different anticancer mechanisms. Ir(III) coordination compounds, similar to most Pt g

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25

Titova, Ekaterina M., Elena S. Osipova, Alexander A. Pavlov, et al. "Mechanism of Dimethylamine–Borane Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by an Iridium(III) PCP-Pincer Complex." ACS Catalysis 7, no. 4 (2017): 2325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b03207.

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26

Matsubara, Toshiaki, Yasukazu Saito, Tetsu Yamakawa, and Sumio Shinoda. "Mechanism of 2-propanol dehydrogenation catalyzed by tin(II)-coordinated iridium(III) complexes." Journal of Molecular Catalysis 66, no. 2 (1991): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(91)80010-z.

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27

Patel, Rakesh, Ravi Prakash, Ritu Swamini Bala, Brijesh Kumar Prajapati, and Rupam Yadav. "Kinetic Oxidation Studies of Pentoxifylline by N-Chlorosuccinimide in Acidic Medium Using Iridium(III) Chloride as Inhibitor." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 1 (2021): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23494.

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In present study, the kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of pentoxifylline (PTX) by N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) in acidic conditions at 40 ± 0.1 ºC is reported. The reaction depicts first-order kinetics in regard to [NCS], [PTX] and [HClO4]. The reaction rate goes on decreasing as the concentration of iridium(III) chloride is increased. This shows that iridium(III) chloride plays the role of an inhibitor in the reaction under investigation. Nil impact of [Hg(OAc)2], [NHS] and dielectric constant (D) of the medium on the rate of oxidation of pentoxifylline have been observed. This reaction has b

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28

He, Ping, Yan Chen, Xiao-Na Li, Ying-Ying Yan, and Chun Liu. "Aggregation-Induced Emission-Active Iridium(III) Complexes for Sensing Picric Acid in Water." Chemosensors 11, no. 3 (2023): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11030177.

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Herein, two new iridium(III) complexes, namely Ir2 and Ir3, with a phenyl or triphenylamine (TPA) moiety at the 4-position of the phenyl ring at 2-phenylbenzothiazole, have been synthesized, and their emission properties have been studied systematically compared with the non-substituted complex Ir1. These three complexes exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) in H2O/CH3CN. The TPA-substituted complex Ir3 shows the highest AIE activity. All complexes can be used as sensors to detect picric acid (PA) in water. The Stern–Volmer constant (KSV) of Ir3 for the detection of PA was determined to b

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29

Zhang, Dan-Dan, Xian-Kai Chen, Hui-Ling Liu, and Xu-Ri Huang. "DFT study on the iridium-catalyzed multi-alkylation of alcohol with ammonia." RSC Advances 6, no. 90 (2016): 87362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra19175d.

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The catalytic mechanism for the multi-alkylation of benzyl alcohols with ammonia catalyzed by the water-soluble catalyst, [Cp*Ir<sup>III</sup>(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>][I]<sub>2</sub>, is computationally investigated by density functional theory (DFT).

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30

Völker, Max, Matthias Schreyer, and Peter Burger. "Hydrogenation Studies of Iridium Pyridine Diimine Complexes with O- and S-Donor Ligands (Hydroxido, Methoxido and Thiolato)." Chemistry 6, no. 5 (2024): 1230–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6050071.

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For square-planar late transition metal pyridine, diimine (Rh, Ir) complexes with hydro-xido, methoxido, and thiolato ligands. We could previously establish sizable metal-O- and S π-bonding interactions. Herein, we report the hydrogenation studies of iridium hydroxido and methoxido complexes, which quantitatively lead to the trihydride compound and water/methanol. The iridium trihydride displays a highly fluctional structure with scrambling hydrogen atoms, which can be described as a dihydrogen hydride system based on NMR and DFT investigations. This contrasts the iridium sulfur compounds, whi

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31

Spiegel, Maciej. "Photophysical Properties of a Chiral Iridium-Based Photosensitizer as an Efficient Photodynamic Therapy Agent: A Theoretical Investigation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 11 (2025): 5062. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26115062.

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This study employs time-dependent density functional theory to explore the photophysical properties of a chiral iridium(III) complex designed as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. Key properties analyzed include one-photon absorption energies, singlet–triplet energy gaps, spin–orbit coupling constants, and intersystem crossing rate constants. The potential for operation in a Type I PDT mechanism was assessed through ionization potential and electron affinity calculations. The results demonstrate that the complex is a promising PDT candidate, primarily operating in a Type II mechanism,

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32

Luo, Yafei, Wuhong Hu, and Wei Shen. "Unveiling the Dual Emission Photo-Deactivation Mechanism of a Neutral Heteroleptic Iridium (III) Complex." ChemPhysChem 19, no. 17 (2018): 2200–2207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201800368.

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33

Anjali, Goel, and Gupta Savita. "Kinetic and mechanistic study of oxidation of cystine by hexacyanoferrate(III) ions catalyzed by IrIII in aqueous alkaline medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 88, Feb 2011 (2011): 211–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5771420.

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Department of Chemistry, Kanya Gurukul Mahavidyalaya, Gurukul Kangri University, Hardwar-249 407, Uttrakhand, India <em>E-mail</em> : goelanjali@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 07 April 2010, revised 15 June 2010, accepted 15 June 2010</em> The iridium(lll) catalyzed hexacyanoferrate(lll) (abbreviated HCF(III) oxidation of cystine In aqueous alkaline medium has been investigated spectrophotometrically. The reaction is found first order in oxidant, catalyst and alkali concentration while with substrate concentration reaction follows Michaelis-Menten type kinetics. Positive salt effect was obs

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34

Lukey, CA, MA Long, and JL Garnett. "Aromatic Hydrogen Isotope Exchange Reactions Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes in Aqueous Solution." Australian Journal of Chemistry 48, no. 1 (1995): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9950079.

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Sodium hexachloroiridate (III) and sodium hexachloroiridate (IV) have been used as homogeneous catalysts for hydrogen isotope exchange between benzenoid compounds and water. The ideal solvent consisted of 50 mole % acetic acid/water, and the optimum temperature was found to be 160°C. Under these conditions the rate of incorporation of deuterium into benzene was significant (typically 15% D in 6 h), and reduction to iridium metal was minimized. The active catalytic species was identified as a solvated iridium(III) species, which is also postulated to be the active catalyst in solutions containi

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35

Ribas, Joan, Albert Escuer, and Montserrat Monfort. "Solid-state kinetic parameters and mechanism for the deaquation-anation of hexacyanochromate(III) and nitrosylpentacyanochromate(I) of aquopentaamminechromium(III), -cobalt(III), -rhodium(III), and -iridium(III)." Inorganic Chemistry 24, no. 12 (1985): 1874–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00206a035.

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36

Sheila, Srivastava, Kumar Sharma Rajendra, and Singh Sarika. "Kinetics and mechanism of iridium(III) catalyzed oxidation of some cyclic alcohols by potassium bromate in acidic medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 83, March 2006 (2006): 282–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5835540.

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Chemical Laboratories, Feroze Gandhi College, Rae Bareli-229 001, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail : she_ila72@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 7 January 2005, revised 26 July 2005, accepted 13 December 2005</em> Kinetic study of iridium(III) catalyzed oxidation of cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol and cycloheptanol by potassium bromate in acidic solution have been made in the presence of mercuric acetate. The reaction exhibits first order with respect to oxidant, zero-order with respect to substrates. Rate is not affected by hydrogen ion concentration, however Cl<sup>-</sup> enhances the rate. A plausi

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37

Harding, Ruth E., Shih-Chun Lo, Paul L. Burn, and Ifor D. W. Samuel. "Non-radiative decay mechanisms in blue phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes." Organic Electronics 9, no. 3 (2008): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2008.01.009.

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38

Lodowski, Piotr, and Maria Jaworska. "Theoretical Investigation of Iridium Complex with Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties." Molecules 29, no. 3 (2024): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030580.

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The mechanism of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) for the bis(1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole)(2-(20-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline)iridium(III) complex, denoted as Ir(dfppz)2(oz), was investigated with use DFT and the TD-DFT level of theory. The mechanism of radiationless deactivation of the triplet state was elucidated. Such a mechanism requires an additional, photophysical triplet channel of the internal conversion (IC) type, which is activated as a result of intramolecular motion deforming the structure of the oz ligand and distorting the iridium coordination sphere. Formally, the rotatio

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39

Metsänen, Toni T., Peter Hrobárik, Hendrik F. T. Klare, Martin Kaupp, and Martin Oestreich. "Insight into the Mechanism of Carbonyl Hydrosilylation Catalyzed by Brookhart’s Cationic Iridium(III) Pincer Complex." Journal of the American Chemical Society 136, no. 19 (2014): 6912–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja503254f.

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40

Wu, Yong, Hai-Zhu Sun, Hong-Tao Cao, et al. "Stepwise modulation of the electron-donating strength of ancillary ligands: understanding the AIE mechanism of cationic iridium(iii) complexes." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 75 (2014): 10986–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc03423f.

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41

Acuña, M. Isabel, Ana R. Rubio, Marta Martínez-Alonso, et al. "Targets, Mechanisms and Cytotoxicity of Half-Sandwich Ir(III) Complexes Are Modulated by Structural Modifications on the Benzazole Ancillary Ligand." Cancers 15, no. 1 (2022): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010107.

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Cancers are driven by multiple genetic mutations but evolve to evade treatments targeting specific mutations. Nonetheless, cancers cannot evade a treatment that targets mitochondria, which are essential for tumor progression. Iridium complexes have shown anticancer properties, but they lack specificity for their intracellular targets, leading to undesirable side effects. Herein we present a systematic study on structure-activity relationships of eight arylbenzazole-based Iridium(III) complexes of type [IrCl(Cp*)], that have revealed the role of each atom of the ancillary ligand in the physical

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42

Sheila, Srivastava, and Gupta Vandana. "Kinetic study of iridium(III) catalyzed oxidation of D-mannitol and erythritol by N-bromosuccinimide in acidic medium." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 83, Nov 2006 (2006): 1103–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832366.

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Chemical Laboratories, Feroze Gandhi College, Raebareli-229 001, Uttar Pradesh, India E-mail : she_ila72@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 8 June 2006. rev1sed 29 August 2006, accepted 30 August 2006</em> Kinetic investigations on iridium trichloride catalyzed oxidation of D-mannitol and erythritol by acidic solution of N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in the presence of mercuric acetate as a scavenger for Br <sup>-</sup> have been carried out in the temperature range 30-45 ºc. The reactions follow identical kinetics. The rate shows a first-order dependence on [NBS] in lower concentration ra

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43

Hinderling, Christian, Dietmar A. Plattner, and Peter Chen. "Direct Observation of a Dissociative Mechanism for CH Activation by a Cationic Iridium(III) Complex." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 36, no. 3 (1997): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199702431.

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44

Wang, Hai‐Xu, Yann Richard, Qingyun Wan, Cong‐Ying Zhou, and Chi‐Ming Che. "Iridium(III)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular C(sp 3 )−H Insertion Reaction of Quinoid Carbene: A Radical Mechanism." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 59, no. 5 (2020): 1845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201911138.

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45

Wang, Hai‐Xu, Yann Richard, Qingyun Wan, Cong‐Ying Zhou, and Chi‐Ming Che. "Iridium(III)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular C(sp 3 )−H Insertion Reaction of Quinoid Carbene: A Radical Mechanism." Angewandte Chemie 132, no. 5 (2019): 1861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201911138.

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46

SHUKLA, A., and S. K. UPADHYAY. "ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics and Mechanism of Iridium(III) Catalyzed Oxidation of Aliphatic Amines by N-Bromosuccinimide." ChemInform 25, no. 12 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199412102.

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47

Socol, Steven M., Chihae Yang, Devon W. Meek, and Robert Glaser. "Spectroscopic and reactivity studies of diastereomeric iridium(III) hydride complexes of the chelating tritertiary phosphine ligand Cyttp." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 9 (1992): 2424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-308.

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The chelating tritertiary phosphine C6H5P(CH2CH2CH2P(C6, H11)2)2 (Cyttp) in octahedral six-coordinate iridium(III) complexes [IrH2Z(Cyttp](0 or 1+) (Z = Cl, CO, CH3CN, and related ligands) is meridionally bound. The conformation of the Cyttp ligand is such that the phenyl group of the central phosphorus lies out of the meridional plane. This leads to diastereomers in which the Z group is syn or anti to the phenyl group in question. These diastereomers were readily characterized by a general nuclear Overhauser effect difference NMR technique involving an intensity change to the apical-hydrido a

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48

Zhang, Qinglong, Jiangchao Xu, Qiang Xu, and Chun Liu. "AIPE-Active Neutral Ir(III) Complexes as Bi-Responsive Luminescent Chemosensors for Sensing Picric Acid and Fe3+ in Aqueous Media." Chemosensors 13, no. 1 (2025): 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13010010.

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Three neutral iridium complexes Ir1–Ir3 were synthesized using diphenylphosphoryl-substituted 2-phenylpyridine derivatives as the cyclometalating ligand and picolinic acid as the auxiliary ligand. They exhibited significant aggregation-induced phosphorescent emission (AIPE) properties in H2O/THF and were successfully used as bi-responsive luminescent sensors for the detection of picric acid (PA) and Fe3+ in aqueous media. Ir1–Ir3 possesses high efficiency and high selectivity for detecting PA and Fe3+, with the lowest limit of detection at 59 nM for PA and 390 nM for Fe3+. Additionally, the co

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49

Shimoyama, Yoshihiro, Yasutaka Kitagawa, Yuji Ohgomori, Yoshihiro Kon, and Dachao Hong. "Formate-driven catalysis and mechanism of an iridium–copper complex for selective aerobic oxidation of aromatic olefins in water." Chemical Science 12, no. 16 (2021): 5796–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc06634f.

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A hetero-dinuclear Ir<sup>III</sup>–Cu<sup>II</sup> complex with two adjacent sites was employed as a catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of aromatic olefins driven by formate and promoted by a hydrophobic interaction in water.

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50

Raichure, Pramod C., Vishal Kachwal, and Inamur Rahaman Laskar. "‘Aggregation-Induced Emission’ Active Mono-Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complex Mediated Efficient Vapor-Phase Detection of Dichloromethane." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2021): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010202.

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Selective vapor-phase detection of dichloromethane (DCM) is a challenge, it being a well-known hazardous volatile organic solvent in trace amounts. With this in mind, we have developed an ‘Aggregation-induced Emission’ (AIE) active mono-cyclometalated iridium(III)-based (M1) probe molecule, which detects DCM sensitively and selectively in vapor phase with a response time <30 s. It reveals a turn-on emission (non-emissive to intense yellow) on exposing DCM vapor directly to the solid M1. The recorded detection limit is 4.9 ppm for DCM vapor with pristine M1. The mechanism of DCM detection wa

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