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Journal articles on the topic 'Microbicidal'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hossain, Mohammad M., and Michael A. Parniak. "In Vitro Microbicidal Activity of the Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) UC781 against NNRTI-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1." Journal of Virology 80, no. 9 (2006): 4440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.9.4440-4446.2006.

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ABSTRACT The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) UC781 is under development as a microbicide to prevent sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 is increasingly prevalent in the infected population, and one of the concerns for NNRTI-based microbicides is that they will be ineffective against drug-resistant virus and may in fact selectively transmit NNRTI-resistant virus. We evaluated the microbicidal activity of UC781 against UC781-resistant (UCR), efavirenz-resistant (EFVR), and nevirapine-resistant (NVPR) strains

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2

Knapp, Laura, Alejandro Amézquita, Peter McClure, Sara Stewart, and Jean-Yves Maillard. "Development of a Protocol for Predicting Bacterial Resistance to Microbicides." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 8 (2015): 2652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03843-14.

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ABSTRACTRegulations dealing with microbicides in Europe and the United States are evolving and now require data on the risk of the development of resistance in organisms targeted by microbicidal products. There is no standard protocol to assess the risk of the development of resistance to microbicidal formulations. This study aimed to validate the use of changes in microbicide and antibiotic susceptibility as initial markers for predicting microbicide resistance and cross-resistance to antibiotics. Three industrial isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Burkholderia cepacia, andKlebsiella pneumoniae

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3

Gupta, Gopal. "Microbicidal spermicide or spermicidal microbicide?" European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care 10, no. 4 (2005): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13625180500280753.

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4

Zairi, Amira, Frédéric Tangy, Khaireddine Bouassida, and Khaled Hani. "Dermaseptins and Magainins: Antimicrobial Peptides from Frogs' Skin—New Sources for a Promising Spermicides Microbicides—A Mini Review." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2009 (2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/452567.

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), are two great concerns in the reproductive health of women. Thus, the challenge is to find products with a double activity, on the one hand having antimicrobial/antiviral properties with a role in the reduction of STI, and on the other hand having spermicidal action to be used as a contraceptive. In the absence of an effective microbicide along with the disadvantages of the most commonly used spermicidal contraceptive worldwide, nonoxynol-9, new emph

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Maillard, Jean-Yves. "Emergence of bacterial resistance to microbicides and antibiotics." Microbiology Australia 31, no. 4 (2010): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma10159.

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Public awareness of the role of microorganisms in infection and spoilage and the role of the media in highlighting poor hygiene and the failure of healthcare settings in preventing hospital-acquired infections, have fuelled the use of products containing one or several microbicides in the healthcare environment but also at home. The number of such products with a microbicidal claim is increasing rapidly, although their impact on the microbial flora, notably in terms of emerging antimicrobial resistance has not been documented. With increasing evidence that microbicides can lead to bacterial re

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Watson, Karen M., Christa E. Buckheit, and Robert W. Buckheit. "Comparative Evaluation of Virus Transmission Inhibition by Dual-Acting Pyrimidinedione Microbicides Using the Microbicide Transmission and Sterilization Assay." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 8 (2008): 2787–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01657-07.

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ABSTRACT In the absence of a fully effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine, topical microbicides represent an important strategy for preventing the transmission of HIV through sexual intercourse, the predominant mode of HIV transmission worldwide. Although a comprehensive understanding of HIV transmission has not yet emerged in the microbicide field, it is likely the result of rapid infection of monocyte-derived cells in the vaginal mucosa by CCR5-tropic viruses. Inhibition of HIV transmission requires agents that prevent entry, fusion, reverse transcription, or other preintegrati

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Veazey, Ronald S., Udayan Chatterji, Michael Bobardt, et al. "C5A Protects Macaques from Vaginal Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Challenge." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 60, no. 1 (2015): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01925-15.

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ABSTRACTA safe and effective vaginal microbicide could decrease human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in women. Here, we evaluated the safety and microbicidal efficacy of a short amphipathic peptide, C5A, in a rhesus macaque model. We found that a vaginal application of C5A protects 89% of the macaques from a simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-162P3) challenge. We observed no signs of lesions or inflammation in animals vaginally treated with repeated C5A applications. With its noncellular cytotoxic activity and rare mechanism of action, C5A represents an attractive microbicida

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8

Nims, Raymond W., and M. Khalid Ijaz. "Virucidal Approaches for Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses." Viruses 17, no. 5 (2025): 663. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050663.

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We have reviewed the primary literature on the virucidal efficacy of microbicidal active ingredients, formulated microbicides, and physical inactivation approaches (heat, irradiation) for hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) (arenaviruses, filoviruses, flaviviruses, hantaviruses, nairoviruses, and phenuiviruses), and for two non-typical HFV paramyxoviruses. As each of these HFVs are large, lipid-enveloped RNA viruses, their susceptibilities to virucidal agents are informed by the so-called hierarchy of susceptibility of pathogens to microbicides. The unique susceptibility of lipid-enveloped viruse

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9

Krebs, Fred C., Shendra R. Miller, Bradley J. Catalone, et al. "Comparative In Vitro Sensitivities of Human Immune Cell Lines, Vaginal and Cervical Epithelial Cell Lines, and Primary Cells to Candidate Microbicides Nonoxynol 9, C31G, and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 7 (2002): 2292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.7.2292-2298.2002.

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ABSTRACT In experiments to assess the in vitro impact of the candidate microbicides nonoxynol 9 (N-9), C31G, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on human immune and epithelial cell viability, cell lines and primary cell populations of lymphocytic and monocytic origin were generally shown to be equally sensitive to exposures ranging from 10 min to 48 h. However, U-937 cells were more sensitive to N-9 and C31G after 48 h than were primary monocyte-derived macrophages. Cytokine activation of monocytes and lymphocytes had no effect on cell viability following exposure to these microbicidal compounds.

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10

Springthorpe, V. Susan, and Syed A. Sattar. "Carrier Tests to Assess Microbicidal Activities of Chemical Disinfectants for Use on Medical Devices and Environmental Surfaces." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 1 (2005): 182–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.1.182.

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Abstract For well over a decade, many deficiencies have been identified in current AOAC methods used to assess the microbicidal activities of chemical disinfectants on medical devices and environmental surfaces. This report discusses the development of quantitative carrier tests (QCT) designed to address these concerns. Decontamination of surfaces with dried inocula is invariably more difficult than when microorganisms are in suspension. For medical device as well as environmental decontamination, microbicides are used on contaminated surfaces, thus making it necessary to evaluate their microb

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11

Moncla, B. J., K. Pryke, and Charles E. Isaacs. "Killing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus), Haemophilus ducreyi, and Vaginal Lactobacillus by 3-O-Octyl-sn-Glycerol." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 4 (2008): 1577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01023-07.

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ABSTRACT The microbicide candidate octylglycerol inactivates sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens at concentrations which spare normal vaginal flora (lactobacillus). Standard minimum microbicidal concentration assays and time-kill assays revealed the drug concentrations and times required for inactivation. Octylglycerol concentrations must exceed the binding capacity of any human serum albumin to be effective.

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12

WILSON, ELIZABETH K. "MICROBICIDAL GELS." Chemical & Engineering News 79, no. 43 (2001): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n043.p051.

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13

Bobardt, Michael D., Udayan Chatterji, Lana Schaffer, Lot de Witte, and Philippe A. Gallay. "Syndecan-Fc Hybrid Molecule as a Potent In Vitro Microbicidal Anti-HIV-1 Agent." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 7 (2010): 2753–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01606-09.

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ABSTRACT In the absence of a vaccine, there is an urgent need for the development of safe and effective topical microbicides to prevent the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this study, we proposed to develop a novel class of microbicides using syndecan as the antiviral agent. Specifically, we generated a soluble syndecan-Fc hybrid molecule by fusing the ectodomain of syndecan-1 to the Fc domain of a human IgG. We then tested the syndecan-Fc hybrid molecule for various in vitro microbicidal anti-HIV-1 properties. Remarkably, the syndecan-Fc hybrid molecule

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14

Watson Buckheit, Karen, Lu Yang, and Robert W. Buckheit. "Development of Dual-Acting Pyrimidinediones as Novel and Highly Potent Topical Anti-HIV Microbicides." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 11 (2011): 5243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.05237-11.

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ABSTRACTIn the absence of an effective vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), topical microbicides to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV represent an important strategy to prevent the continued spread of infection. The recent trend in the development of new microbicide candidates includes the utilization of FDA-approved therapeutic drugs that target the early stages of the HIV life cycle, including entry inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. We have investigated 12 pyrimidinedione compounds with potent HIV activities and their abilities to inhibit both virus ent

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15

Serezani, Carlos H. C., David M. Aronoff, Sonia Jancar, Peter Mancuso, and Marc Peters-Golden. "Leukotrienes enhance the bactericidal activity of alveolar macrophages against Klebsiella pneumoniae through the activation of NADPH oxidase." Blood 106, no. 3 (2005): 1067–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-08-3323.

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AbstractLeukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators that participate in inflammatory diseases and innate immune function. We sought to investigate the importance of LTs in regulating the microbicidal activity of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs. The role of LTs in enhancing AM microbicidal activity was evaluated pharmacologically and genetically using in vitro challenge with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Exogenous LTs increased AM microbicidal activity in a dose- and receptor-dependent manner, and endogenous production of LTs was necessary for optimal killing. L

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16

Nishimura, Francielli de Cássia Yukari, Ana Carolina de Almeida, Bianca Altrão Ratti, et al. "Antioxidant Effects of Quercetin and Naringenin Are Associated with Impaired Neutrophil Microbicidal Activity." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/795916.

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Naringenin and quercetin are considered antioxidant compounds with promising activity against oxidative damage in human cells. However, no reports have described their effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by phagocytes during microbicidal activity. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of naringenin and quercetin on ROS production, specifically hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and their involvement in the microbicidal activity of neutrophils. Naringenin and quercetin inhibited HOCl production through different systems, but this inhibition was more pronounced for quercetin, even

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17

Klibanov, Alexander M. "Permanently microbicidal materials coatings." Journal of Materials Chemistry 17, no. 24 (2007): 2479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b702079a.

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18

Klebanoff, S. J. "Microbicidal mechanisms of phagocytes." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 15, no. 11 (1985): 675–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(85)80072-x.

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19

Flemming, Alexandra. "Butyrate boosts microbicidal macrophages." Nature Reviews Immunology 19, no. 3 (2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41577-019-0132-9.

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20

Gabay, J. E. "Microbicidal mechanisms of phagocytes." Current Opinion in Immunology 1, no. 1 (1988): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-7915(88)90048-9.

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21

Kondaveeti, Stalin, Pedro Vinicius de Assis Bueno, Ana Maria Carmona-Ribeiro, et al. "Microbicidal gentamicin-alginate hydrogels." Carbohydrate Polymers 186 (April 2018): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.044.

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22

Nakamura, Shingo, Masahiro Sato, Yoko Sato, et al. "Synthesis and Application of Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for the Prevention of Infection in Healthcare Workers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (2019): 3620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153620.

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Silver is easily available and is known to have microbicidal effect; moreover, it does not impose any adverse effects on the human body. The microbicidal effect is mainly due to silver ions, which have a wide antibacterial spectrum. Furthermore, the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria, as in the case of antibiotics, is less likely. Silver ions bind to halide ions, such as chloride, and precipitate; therefore, when used directly, their microbicidal activity is shortened. To overcome this issue, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been recently synthesized and frequently used as microbici

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23

HINTON, ARTHUR, and KIMBERLY D. INGRAM. "Microbicidal Activity of Tripotassium Phosphate and Fatty Acids toward Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Poultry†." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 7 (2005): 1462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1462.

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The ability of solutions of tripotassium phosphate (TPP) and fatty acids (lauric and myristic acids) to reduce populations of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms associated with processed poultry was examined. In vitro studies were conducted with cultures of bacteria (Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus) and yeasts (Candida ernobii and Yarrowia lipolytica). Cultures of the bacteria and yeasts were suspended in solutions of TPP or mixtures of TPP with lauric or myristic acid and mixed for 5

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24

Gallay, Philippe A., Udayan Chatterji, Aaron Kirchhoff, et al. "Protection Efficacy of C5A Against Vaginal and Rectal HIV Challenges in Humanized Mice." Open Virology Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874357901812010001.

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Introduction:In the absence of a vaccine, there is an urgent need for the identification of effective agents that prevent HIV transmission in uninfected individuals. Non-vaccine Biomedical Prevention (nBP) methods, such as topical or systemic pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are promising strategies to slow down the spread of AIDS.Methods:In this study, we investigated the microbicidal efficacy of the viral membrane-disrupting amphipathic SWLRDIWDWICEVLSDFK peptide called C5A. We chose the bone marrow/liver/thymus (BLT) humanized mouse model as vaginal and rectal HIV transmission models.Result

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Christensen, Neil D., Cynthia A. Reed, Tim D. Culp, et al. "Papillomavirus Microbicidal Activities of High-Molecular-Weight Cellulose Sulfate, Dextran Sulfate, and Polystyrene Sulfonate." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 12 (2001): 3427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.12.3427-3432.2001.

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ABSTRACT The high-molecular-weight sulfated or sulfonated polysaccharides or polymers cellulose sulfate, dextran sulfate, and polystyrene sulfonate were tested for microbicidal activity against bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) and human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV-11) and type 40 (HPV-40). In vitro assays included the BPV-1-induced focus-forming assay and transient infection of human A431 cells with HPVs. The compounds were tested for microbicidal activity directly by preincubation with virus prior to addition to cell cultures and indirectly by addition of virus to compound-treated cells a

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Gilbreath, M. J., C. A. Nacy, D. L. Hoover, C. R. Alving, G. M. Swartz, and M. S. Meltzer. "Macrophage activation for microbicidal activity against Leishmania major: inhibition of lymphokine activation by phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylserine liposomes." Journal of Immunology 134, no. 5 (1985): 3420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.134.5.3420.

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Abstract Resident peritoneal macrophages from untreated mice develop microbicidal activity against amastigotes of the protozoan parasite Leishmania tropica (current nomenclature = Leishmania major) after in vitro exposure to LK from antigen-stimulated leukocyte culture fluids. This LK-induced macrophage microbicidal activity was completely abrogated by addition of 7:3 phosphatidylcholine: phosphatidylserine liposomes. Liposome inhibition was not due to direct toxic effects against the parasite or macrophage effector cell; factors in LK that induce macrophage microbicidal activity were not adso

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Buates, Sureemas, and Greg Matlashewski. "Identification of Genes Induced by a Macrophage Activator, S-28463, Using Gene Expression Array Analysis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 4 (2001): 1137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.4.1137-1142.2001.

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ABSTRACT S-28463 and imiquimod are imidazoquinoline compounds which stimulate microbicidal activity by inducing a local immune response at the site of application. Imiquimod-containing cream is an effective clinical treatment against cervical warts caused by human papillomavirus infection. Imiquimod also induces leishmanicidal activity both in vitro in macrophages and in vivo in a mouse model for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The major target cells of S-28463 and imiquimod are macrophages. To explore the molecular basis in which imidazoquinolines generate macrophage microbicidal activity, a cDNA ge

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Håversen, L., N. Kondori, L. Baltzer та ін. "Structure-Microbicidal Activity Relationship of Synthetic Fragments Derived from the Antibacterial α-Helix of Human Lactoferrin". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, № 1 (2009): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00908-09.

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ABSTRACT There is a need for new microbicidal agents with therapeutic potential due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria and fungi. In this study, the structure-microbicidal activity relationship of amino acid residues 14 to 31 (sequence 14-31) from the N-terminal end, corresponding to the antibacterial α-helix of human lactoferrin (LF), was investigated by downsizing, alanine scanning, and substitution of amino acids. Microbicidal analysis (99% killing) was performed by a microplate assay using Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans as test organisms. Starting from the

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Baeten, Jared M., Craig W. Hendrix, and Sharon L. Hillier. "Topical Microbicides in HIV Prevention: State of the Promise." Annual Review of Medicine 71, no. 1 (2020): 361–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-090518-093731.

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HIV topical microbicides are products with anti-HIV activity, generally incorporating a direct-acting antiretroviral agent, that when applied to the vagina or rectum have the potential to prevent the sexual acquisition of HIV in women and men. Topical microbicides may meet the prevention needs of individuals and groups for whom oral daily forms of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have not been acceptable. Microbicides can provide personal control over HIV prevention and offer the possibility of discreet use, qualities that may be particularly important for receptive partners in sexual relations

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Stuart, Lynda M., and Adam Lacy-Hulbert. "De-Mst-ifying microbicidal killing." Nature Immunology 16, no. 11 (2015): 1107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ni.3291.

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Stoldt, Volker R., and Rudiger E. Scharf. "Determination of the Microbicidal Capacity of Platelets By a Biomonitoring System." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 4993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4993.4993.

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Abstract Introduction: Various antimicrobial polypeptides are contained in platelet α-granules and collectively termed platelet microbicidal proteins. Remarkably, these constituents identified by purification and structural determination of platelet-derived antimicrobial functions were found to be identical with or derived from proteins previously known for other functions, among them thymosin β-4 (Tβ-4), a ubiquitous actin-binding protein. Others are the fibrinopeptides A and B (FPA and FPB), which are released upon proteolytic activation of fibrinogen by thrombin. Two other platelet microbic

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Morais, Natália Gomes de, Thacianna Barreto da Costa, Maiara Santos Severo, and Célia Maria Machado Barbosa de Castro. "Long-term effects of neonatal malnutrition on microbicide response, production of cytokines, and survival of macrophages infected by Staphylococcus aureus sensitive/resistant to methicillin." Revista de Nutrição 27, no. 5 (2014): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000500005.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess microbicide function and macrophage viability after in vitro cellular infection by methicillin-sensitive/resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nourished rats and rats subjected to neonatal malnutrition. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (n=40) were divided in two groups: Nourished (rats suckled by dams consuming a 17% casein diet) and Malnourished (rats suckled by dams consuming an 8% casein diet). Macrophages were recovered after tracheotomy, by bronchoalveolar lavage. After mononuclear cell isolation, four systems were established: negative control composed exclusively of phagocyte

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Chudilova, G. A., I. V. Nesterova, S. V. Kovaleva, and L. V. Lomtatidze. "Regulatory cytokine effects in vitro on the phenotype of subpopulations CD62L+CD63-, CD62L+CD63+ and microbicidal activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in patients with colorectal cancer." RUDN Journal of Medicine 24, no. 4 (2020): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2020-24-4-304-314.

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Relevance. Neutrophilic granulocytes (NG) are the first cells of the immune system to migrate to the tumor and are actively involved in the implementation of a full-fledged antitumor response through the mechanisms of direct killing of tumor cells, extracellular lysis (NET), and through the activation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), inhibition of angiogenesis, initiation of other cells with antitumor activity. The aim of the study was to study the effect of cytokines IFN, IFN, G-CSF on the CD62L+CD63- and CD62L+CD63+ subsets and the microbicidal activity of NGs in patients

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Stringari, Lorenzzo Lyrio, Luciana Polaco Covre, Flávia Dias Coelho da Silva, et al. "Increase of CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ cells impairs in vitro human microbicidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis during latent and acute pulmonary tuberculosis." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 7 (2021): e0009605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009605.

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Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, modulating host responses while neutralizing excessive inflammation. However, their impact on regulating host protective immunity is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that Treg cells abrogate the in vitro microbicidal activity against Mtb. Methods We evaluated the in vitro microbicidal activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with active tuberculosis (TB), individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI, TST+/IGRA+) and healthy control (HC

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Andrés, María T., Nannette Y. Yount, Maikel Acosta-Zaldívar, Michael R. Yeaman, and José F. Fierro. "The Archetypal Gamma-Core Motif of Antimicrobial Cys-Rich Peptides Inhibits H+-ATPases in Target Pathogens." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17 (2024): 9672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179672.

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Human lactoferrin (hLf) is an innate host defense protein that inhibits microbial H+-ATPases. This protein includes an ancestral structural motif (i.e., γ-core motif) intimately associated with the antimicrobial activity of many natural Cys-rich peptides. Peptides containing a complete γ-core motif from hLf or other phylogenetically diverse antimicrobial peptides (i.e., afnA, SolyC, PA1b, PvD1, thanatin) showed microbicidal activity with similar features to those previously reported for hLf and defensins. Common mechanistic characteristics included (1) cell death independent of plasma membrane

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36

Gilbreath, M. J., D. L. Hoover, C. R. Alving, G. M. Swartz, and M. S. Meltzer. "Inhibition of lymphokine-induced macrophage microbicidal activity against Leishmania major by liposomes: characterization of the physicochemical requirements for liposome inhibition." Journal of Immunology 137, no. 5 (1986): 1681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.137.5.1681.

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Abstract Resident peritoneal macrophages from untreated mice develop potent microbicidal activity against amastigotes of Leishmania major after in vitro treatment with lymphokine (LK) from mitogen-stimulated spleen cells. LK-induced macrophage microbicidal activity was completely and selectively abrogated by treatment with phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylserine (PC/PS) liposomes. Other macrophage effector functions (phagocytosis, tumoricidal activity) were unaffected, as was cytotoxicity by macrophages activated in vivo or by LK in vitro before liposome treatment. Activation factors in LK were

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37

Urata, M., H. Isomoto, K. Murase, et al. "Comparison of the Microbicidal Activities of Superoxidized and Ozonated Water in the Disinfection of Endoscopes." Journal of International Medical Research 31, no. 4 (2003): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147323000303100407.

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The microbicidal activities of super-oxidized water (electrolysed strong acid water [ESAW] or electrolysed weak acid water [EWAW]), ozonated water, 0.05% chlorhexidine and 2% glutaraldehyde were tested against seven strains of clinical micro-organism isolates. Following incubation of bacterial suspensions in ESAW and EWAW for 10 s, the number of micro-organisms was reduced below the detection limit. The microbicidal activities of ESAW and EWAW were similar to that of glutaraldehyde, and superior to ozonated water and 0.05% chlorhexidine. The microbicidal activities of ESAW, EWAW and ozonated w

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Restrepo Osorio, Jaime, Ana Julia Colmenares Dulcey, Luis E. Mora, and Rubén Albeiro Sánchez Andica. "Extraction, Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Pipilongo (Piper Tuberculatum)Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." Revista de Ciencias 17, no. 3 (2014): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/rc.v17i3.478.

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Essential oils from pipilongo seeds (Piper tuberculatum) was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide. The extraction was performed as a function of particle size of the grinded seeds. The highest yield (2,812%) was obtained with the smallest particle size. The chemical composition analysis of the oil by GC-MS led to identify 15 compounds, some of which are β-elemene, caryophyllene, β-farnesene, neophytadiene and piperine among others. The microbicide activity of the essential oil was determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays,

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Velázquez-Hernández, A. Monserrat, José Luis García-Rivas, Sonia Martínez-Gallegos, Julio César González-Juárez, Pablo Schabes-Retchkiman, and Verónica Albiter. "Phytosynthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles Using E. crassipes Leaf Extracts, Their Photocatalytic Evaluation and Microbicide Effect." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (December 7, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5177859.

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In the present research work, the photocatalytic and microbicidal activities of titanium nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were evaluated. TiO2 NPs were obtained through the phytosynthesis process, using Eichhornia crassipes leaf extract. In order to determine whether particle size improves photocatalytic and microbicidal activities, the pH of the photosynthesized was modified to 12, 7, and 4. The TiO2 NPs modified were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) to reveal the crystalline a

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Yassine, Edriss, and Balázs Rada. "Microbicidal Activity of Hypothiocyanite against Pneumococcus." Antibiotics 10, no. 11 (2021): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10111313.

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Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus, Spn) manifest in several forms such as pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis or otitis media and are associated with severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. While current vaccines and antibiotics are available to treat Spn infections, the rise of antibiotic resistance and limitations of the vaccines to only certain Spn serotypes urge the development of novel treatments against Spn. Hypothiocyanite (OSCN-) is a natural antimicrobial product produced by the body’s own innate immune system to fight a variety of pathogens. We recently showe

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Ganz, Tomas. "Oxygen-Independent Microbicidal Mechanisms of Phagocytes." Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians 111, no. 5 (1999): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/paa.1999.111.5.390.

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Smith, J., R. Telford*, I. Mason, and M. Weidemann. "Exercise, Training and Neutrophil Microbicidal Activity." International Journal of Sports Medicine 11, no. 03 (1990): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1024788.

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Savle, Prashant S., Gustavo F. Doncel, Stephen D. Bryant, M. Patricia Hubieki, R. Graham Robinette, and Richard D. Gandour. "Acylcarnitine analogues as topical, microbicidal spermicides." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 9, no. 17 (1999): 2545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00423-0.

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Mandal, J., A. Kate, and S. C. Parija. "Microbicidal effect of electrolysed detergent water." Journal of Hospital Infection 76, no. 1 (2010): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2010.04.006.

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Owen, Derek H., Jennifer J. Peters, Sarah L. Kieweg, Anthony R. Geonnotti, Roger L. Schnaare, and David F. Katz. "Biophysical Analysis of Prototype Microbicidal Gels." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 96, no. 3 (2007): 661–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.20736.

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Allen, Robert C., and Jackson T. Stephens. "Myeloperoxidase Selectively Binds and Selectively Kills Microbes." Infection and Immunity 79, no. 1 (2010): 474–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00910-09.

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ABSTRACTMyeloperoxidase (MPO) is reported to selectively bind to bacteria. The present study provides direct evidence of MPO binding selectivity and tests the relationship of selective binding to selective killing. The microbicidal effectiveness of H2O2and of OCl−was compared to that of MPO plus H2O2. Synergistic microbicidal action was investigated by combiningStreptococcus sanguinis, a H2O2-producing microbe showing low MPO binding, with high-MPO-bindingEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, orPseudomonas aeruginosawithout exogenous H2O2, with and without MPO, and with and without erythrocy

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Andrés, María T., Patricia Fierro, Victoria Antuña, and José F. Fierro. "The Antimicrobial Activity of Human Defensins at Physiological Non-Permeabilizing Concentrations Is Caused by the Inhibition of the Plasma Membrane H+-ATPases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 13 (2024): 7335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137335.

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Human defensins are cysteine-rich peptides (Cys-rich peptides) of the innate immune system. Defensins contain an ancestral structural motif (i.e., γ-core motif) associated with the antimicrobial activity of natural Cys-rich peptides. In this study, low concentrations of human α- and β-defensins showed microbicidal activity that was not associated with cell membrane permeabilization. The cell death pathway was similar to that previously described for human lactoferrin, also an immunoprotein containing a γ-core motif. The common features were (1) cell death not related to plasma membrane (PM) di

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Buchmüller-Rouiller, Y., and J. Mauël. "Macrophage activation for intracellular killing as induced by calcium ionophore. Correlation with biologic and biochemical events." Journal of Immunology 146, no. 1 (1991): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.146.1.217.

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Abstract Changes in the concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ are known to affect various macrophage functions; in particular, exposure in vitro to the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 primes macrophages for tumor cell killing. In the present report, it is shown that treatment with this ionophore similarly mimics IFN-gamma as a priming signal for induction of microbicidal activity. Incubation of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages with 10(-7) to 10(-6) M A23187 (in the presence of Ca2+) led to intracellular killing of the protozoan parasite Leishmania enriettii within 24 h, provided LPS (1 ng/ml) was also pr

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Dong, Hongqiang, Yuke He, Chen Fan, et al. "Encapsulation of Imazalil in HKUST-1 with Versatile Antimicrobial Activity." Nanomaterials 12, no. 21 (2022): 3879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12213879.

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Based on high surface areas, adjustable porosity and microbicide activity, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) HKUST-1 are widely used as drug release carriers for their slow degradation characteristics under slightly acidic conditions. In this work, porous HKUST-1 was reacted rapidly by cholinium salt (as the deprotonation agent and template) in an aqueous solution at room temperature. A novel antimicrobial system based on an imazalil encapsulated metal organic framework (imazalil IL-3@HKUST-1) was established. Imazalil IL-3@HKUST-1 could achieve synergism in inhibiting pathogenic fungi and bacte

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LOPES, JOHN A. "Susceptibility of Antibiotic-Resistant and Antibiotic-Sensitive Foodborne Pathogens to Acid Anionic Sanitizers." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 10 (1998): 1390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.10.1390.

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Acid anionic sanitizers for treatment of fruits and vegetables were prepared using ingredients generally recognized as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or anionic surfactants and organic acid food additives. They met the regulatory definition as sanitizers by showing bactericidal efficacy of 99.999% in 30 s against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 11229. These sanitizers showed a broad spectrum of microbicidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic-sensitive and resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella

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