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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Military orders (Criminal law)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Bekou, Olympia. "International criminal justice at the interface : the relationship between international criminal courts and national legal orders." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13411/.

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International criminal courts do not operate to the exclusion of national legal orders, but co-exist with them. The present thesis provides an in-depth analysis of the above relationship. By examining the concepts of primacy and complementarity on the basis of which the ad hoc international criminal Tribunals and the permanent International Criminal Court seize jurisdiction, the foundations of the interface are explored. As effectiveness is a key concept to international criminal justice, the relationship between international criminal courts and national legal systems is tested, by examining

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2

Lamont, Christopher. "Coercion, norms and atrocity : explaining state compliance with international criminal tribunal for the former Yugoslavia arrest and surrender orders." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/283/.

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State compliance with International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) arrest and surrender orders, Article 29(d) and (e) obligations, remains under explored in international criminal tribunal (ICT) scholarship despite the fact compliance with ICTY orders often proved not forthcoming from the states of the former Yugoslavia. This thesis will attempt to identiy causal phenomena behind compliance with ICT arrest and surrender orders through an exploration of compliance on the part of the diverse spectrum of states and non-state governing entities across the former Yugoslavia. Bec

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3

Ashfaq, Muhammad. "The crime of aggression : a critical historical inquiry of the just war tradition." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13671.

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Why has international society been unable to develop political and judicial collective-security arrangements to limit external aggression? The thesis argues that efforts to limit aggression in moral and legal theory have created an unjust order in which great powers have used these theoretical traditions to reinforce their power in the global order. The thesis argues that is not a new development but can be found in one of the oldest traditions of moral reflection on war, the just war tradition. To substantiate this point, the thesis critically surveys the philosophers of the ancient Greek, Ro

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4

Mettraux, Guenael. "Command responsibility in international law : the boundaries of criminal liability for military commanders and civilian leaders." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2576/.

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Born in the aftermath of the Second World War, the doctrine of command or superior responsibility provides that a military commander or a civilian leader may be held criminally responsible in relation to crimes committed by subordinates even where he has taken no direct or personal part in the commission of these crimes. The basis of this type of liability lies in a grave and culpable failure on the part of a superior to fulfill his duty to prevent or punish crimes of subordinates. Command responsibility is not a form of objective liability, nor is it a form of accomplice liability although it

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5

Polydorou, Stavros. "The role of international juridical process in international security and civil-military relations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FPolydorou.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in International Security and Civil-Military Relations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.<br>Thesis advisor(s): James Holmes Armstead, Thomas Bruneau. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-134). Also available online.

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6

Miller, Craig G. "The case for the extension of United States extraterritorial criminal jurisdiction over civilians associated with the United States military in foreign jurisdictions /." (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader), 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA395152.

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7

Oram, Gerard Christopher. ""What alternative punishment is there?" : military executions during World War I." Thesis, [n.p.], 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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8

Cameron, Calla. "Grave Breaches: American Military Intervention in the Late Twentieth- Century and the Consequences for International Law." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1677.

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The duality of the United States’ relationship with international criminal law and human rights atrocities is a fascinating theme that weaves through all of American history, but most distinctly demonstrates the contradictory nature of American foreign policy in the latter half of the 20th century. America is both protector of human rights and perpetrator of human rights atrocities, global police force and aggressor. The Cold War exacerbated the tensions caused by American military dominance. The international political and physical power of the American military allowed the United States to d

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9

Hersi, Mohamed Farah. "The possibilites of international prosecution against the former Somali militry regime for human rights abuses in Somaliland from 1981 - 1991: establishing individual criminal and civil responsibility under international law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8055.

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Since the aftermath of the brutal civil war in Somaliland, no one has systematically considered the human rights atrocities committed by one of the most brutal regimes in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, it is the objective of this study, firstly, to throw light on the international rules which govern those crimes committed in Somaliland during the military regime. Secondly, the study will apply those rules to the case of Somaliland, based on the available evidence. Thirdly, the study will establish a case for the international prosecution of those who bear the greatest responsibilities for the

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10

Schindler, Ralph George. "The continuing evolution of policing: community oriented policing in the civilian sector and its applicability in the military environment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1115.

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The history of urban policing paints an evolutionary picture describing the various forces that impinged on society's earliest efforts at public policing and led to numerous reforms culminating in what has been termed the professional model of policing. The dynamics of an ever-changing urban society continued to present new challenges to policing and have driven police administrators and politicians to seek new methods of responding to society's criminal element.

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11

Ivey, Madison. "It Takes a Village: An Analysis of Multilateralism and the Legal Mechanisms Designed to Prevent Violence Against Women." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1377.

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Treaties and international organizations work together to create a global environment that protects the rights of a person and actively promotes the well-being of society. However, they do not necessarily guarantee the rights of everyone. Since women are not explicitly named in human rights documents, they are often not granted equal human rights. Therefore, it takes more than just international legal instruments to guarantee women's rights as human rights. A combination of civil society (NGOs), International organizations (IOs), and domestic government creates a perfect coalition to beat the

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12

Simões, Fabrício Carlos Pichite dos Santos. "Atuação investigativa da polícia judiciária militar estadual em ocorrência de intervenção policial com resultado de óbito de civil em Salvador." Universidade Catolica de Salvador, 2017. http://ri.ucsal.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/368.

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Submitted by Jamile Barbosa da Cruz (jamile.cruz@ucsal.br) on 2017-09-27T12:31:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOFABRICIOCARLOS.pdf: 1187247 bytes, checksum: 7a5f5be435e09ade15f520faee511e68 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-10-02T17:20:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOFABRICIOCARLOS.pdf: 1187247 bytes, checksum: 7a5f5be435e09ade15f520faee511e68 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T17:20:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAOFABRICIOCARLOS.pdf: 1187247 bytes, checksum: 7a5f5be435e09ade15f520faee5

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13

Novati, Daniela. "Réticences des Etats et érosion de la compétence de la Cour pénale internationale." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOD003.

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L’échec de l’impérativité du droit international pénal et la fragilité de la justice pénale internationale qui en résulte ne dépendent pas du choix normatif d’un modèle de juridiction, ad hoc ou conventionnel, mais simplement des défaillances et des réticences des États à l’égard de la norme choisie. Ce constat d’évidence trouve sa confirmation dans le processus de mise en place et de fonctionnement de la Cour pénale internationale, fâcheusement contournée à faire prévaloir sur la lutte contre l’impunité une lutte pour la « justiciabilité » des auteurs des crimes les plus graves qui heurtent l

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14

Devouèze, Nelly. "Le droit à l'intégrité physique et mentale dans la jurisprudence internationale pénale." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05D008.

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Le droit international pénal est né de l'engagement de la responsabilité pénale individuelle des principaux criminels de la Seconde guerre mondiale. Aux Tribunaux de Nuremberg et de Tokyo, ont succédé dans les années 1990 les deux juridictions ad hoc pour l'ex-Yougoslavie et le Rwanda, créées par le Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies, avant l'avènement d'une juridiction indépendante, permanente et à vocation universelle en 1998 : la Cour pénale internationale. Parmi les actes sous-jacents constitutifs de crimes de guerre, de crimes contre l'humanité et de génocide, une constante apparaît :

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15

Aivo, Gérard. "Le statut de combattant dans les conflits armés non internationaux : etude critique de droit international humanitaire." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30053.

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Avant les Conventions de Genève de 1949, seuls les conflits armés internationaux étaient réglementés par le droit de la guerre. Ce dernier ne pouvait s’appliquer dans les guerres civiles qu’après la reconnaissance des forces rebelles comme partie belligérante. Or, depuis la Seconde guerre mondiale on a assisté à une multiplication des conflits armés non internationaux. Mais les Conventions de Genève de 1949 leur ont consacré seulement l’article 3 commun ; puis le Protocole II additionnel de 1977 est venu le compléter. Ces deux textes comportent de nombreuses lacunes, notamment l’absence de déf

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16

Yang, Wang-Yuh, and 楊萬郁. "The Positions of Military Law Legal Interests in Legal Interests of Criminal Law Protection." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05584661103975187765.

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17

Ožďan, Pavel. "Vojenské trestní právo v České republice." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337182.

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The topic of the thesis is the military criminal law in the Czech Republic. Czech military criminal law is a specific area of criminal law relating exclusively on special subjects which are soldiers, prisoners of war and in a more limited scale members of the security forces. The purpose of this thesis is to present a comprehensive picture of the Czech military criminal law, because up to now as comprehensive piece of work has not been made. The first chapter summarizes the historical development. It describes the grounds of the legal regulation with the historical background that further expl

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18

BONAFE, Beatrice I. "The relationship between state aggravated responsibility and individual criminal responsibility under international law." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4573.

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19

DRAZEWSKA, Berenika. "Military necessity in international cultural heritage law : lessons learned from international humanitarian law, international criminal law and international environmental law." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/40335.

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Defence date: 4 March 2016<br>Examining Board: Professor Francesco Francioni, European University Institute (Supervisor); Professor Nehal Bhuta, European University Institute; Professor Manlio Frigo, Università degli Studi di Milano; Professor Ana Vrdoljak, University of Technology, Sydney.<br>It is now universally accepted that during armed conflicts, cultural property is entitled to a special status, which translates, inter alia, into a ban on its use for military purposes and a prohibition of acts of hostility against it as per the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in

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20

Liou, Yau-Tzu, and 劉耀祖. "Study the Crime of Guardman''s Negligence in ROC''s Military Criminal Law." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69521772958099160604.

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21

Fan, Hui-Kun, and 范輝坤. "An analysis of controversial types of executive orders, which was based on the rule of law and centered on military regulations." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25883011769104777612.

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碩士<br>國防大學管理學院<br>法律學系<br>98<br>Following the party-shifted, democratization and the completed foundation of Constitutional Interpretation (CI) in Taiwan, our country has established a principle and foundation of rule of law. It means that the country must follow the rule of law and its sovereign power must possess objective and legitimate laws to be the root of administration. If administrative actions conducted by govern lacks regulations or keeps some interpretative room, the administrative institution must correspond with the principle of proportion, equality, trusty and conservation, and

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22

Nel, Michelle (Military lawyer). "Sentencing practice in military courts." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5969.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the sentencing practice of the military courts. Since an independent and impartial military judiciary is essential to ensure that justice is done a further aim of this study is to investigate whether the military courts are impartial, independent and affords the accused his fair trial rights. The sentences imposed by military courts are investigated and concerns regarding the imposition of these sentences are identified. Finally the appeal and review procedures followed by the military courts are investigated with specific reference to the mil

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23

Gibbons, Cara Elizabeth Irwin. "The Inter-American Court's Mexican Tetralogy on Military Jurisdiction: A Case for Principled Jurisprudence." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/30606.

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Recent Inter-American Court of Human Rights jurisprudence has resulted in major amendments to Mexican military justice law that were previously thought to be impossible, considering the historical role of the armed forces and Mexico's civil-military pact. Yet, with a recent Supreme Court decision, Mexican law has been modified to bring it into compliance with the Inter-American Court's decisions. However, their efficacy has been undermined by aspects of the decisions which were not made on a principled basis.

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24

Hledík, Michal. "Vojenské trestní právo (1918-1938)." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-331385.

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130 ABSTRACT This Master's degree thesis deals with the problematics of the military criminal law in the Czechoslovak Republic between 1918 and 1938. I have chosen this theme for several reasons. First of these reasons is, that this subject mingles two legal disciplines - legal history and criminal law. Concurrently it is a topic, that has not yet been widely written up. The reason is that in both law disciplines combined in the theme of interwar criminal law, it is a marginal area of interest. Existing works in most cases focus only on a constituent parts of the problematics. In the second gr

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25

Mendel, Wojciech. "Odpowiedzialność karna żołnierzy za przestępstwa popełnione podczas użycia Sił Zbrojnych Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej poza granicami państwa." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3297.

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Streszczenie rozprawy doktorskiej „Odpowiedzialność karna żołnierzy za przestępstwa popełnione podczas użycia Sił Zbrojnych Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej poza granicami państwa” mgr Wojciecha MENDEL. Polscy żołnierze od wielu lat uczestniczą w operacjach militarnych prowadzonych przez Organizacje Narodów Zjednoczonych, Unię Europejską, Pakt Północnoatlantycki czy inne koalicje utworzone ad hoc przez społeczność międzynarodową. Konsekwencją podjętych decyzji politycznych o zaangażowaniu Sił Zbrojnych RP w międzynarodowe operacje militarne jest kierowanie żołnierzy w regiony świata targane gwałtowny

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26

Ngoai, Madila Asiel. "Criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC Armed Forces over their members during peace time : a case study of the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Botswana." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19203.

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Text in English<br>The study aims to investigate criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC armed forces during peace time focusing only on the Republic of Botswana and the Republic of South Africa. Since the adoption of the Declaration and Treaty of SADC, the armed forces of both Botswana and South Africa at times find themselves on each other’s territory. Once in each other’s territory the question of criminal jurisdiction becomes imperative. The two countries seem not to agree on the content of status of force agreements while cooperating in terms of the SADC Treaty. The contentious point i

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27

Nicholson, Caroline Margaret Anne. "Recognition and enforcement of foreign custody orders and the associated problem of international parental kidnapping : a model for South Africa." 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17579.

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Within the context of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments the recognition and enforcement of foreign custody orders is unique. By reason of the fact that custody orders are always modifiable "in the best interests of the child" they cannot be regarded as final orders and are thus not capable of recognition and enforcement on the same basis as final orders. The failure of courts to afford foreign custody orders recognition and enforcement in the normal course has created the potential for a person deprived of the custody of a child to remove the child from the jurisdiction of

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28

Xobiso, Leonard. "The critical analysis of the role of the military police in crime prevention." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24520.

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MPD is an entity within the SANDF responsible for maintaining law and order, prevent and combat crime, investigates criminal cases or alleged within the DoD. The role of the MPs has changed drastically over the past years especially after the integration of the non-statutory and statutory forces with all changes in crime growth increased in South Africa and affected the DoD. This led to the MPD shifting from disciplinary crime prevention issues to criminal crime prevention, as the basic mission of the police is to prevent crime and disorder. MPs form part of the police agencies that are withi

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29

Mathebula, Esewu Mxolisi. "A critical analysis of the crime prevention role of the military police division in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF)." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25237.

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The purpose of this research study was to offer a critical analysis of the crime prevention role of the MPD in the SANDF. A recent development in SA where military personnel are deployed to quell acts of violence and xenophobic attacks, makes this requisite and pertinent research. A qualitative research method was adopted, which goes well with the pragmatist worldview. A pragmatist worldview affords researchers the flexibility to choose the type of technique, method and procedures to be utilised in the research study. A literature review was conducted, followed by interviews with members of t

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30

Dudáš, Michal. "Generál prof. JUDr. Bohuslav Ečer." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-343211.

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In my thesis I focused on the czech lawyer and jurist JUDr. Bohuslav Ečer. He became one of the main ideologist of international criminal law thanks to his hard work . He represeted Czechoslovakia during the Nuremberg trials after World War II.

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31

MOSQUERA, MARIN VÍCTOR. "Il diritto penale internazionale come sistema di protezione dei diritti delle vittime." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1345783.

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Cap I: Questo capitolo mira a stabilire un punto di partenza per quanto riguarda questa tesi, ricostruendo una definizione ampiamente accettata dalla comunità internazionale su ciò che si deve intendere come concetto di vittime di crimini atroci, concetto sviluppato e perfezionato dal diritto internazionale pubblico, in particolare i contributi a tale concetto proverranno dal diritto internazionale dei diritti umani e dal diritto penale internazionale, inoltre si analizzerà ciascuno degli obiettivi dei modelli di giustizia restaurativa e la di giustizia retributiva per le vittime, dimostrando

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32

Tyler, John. "A Pragmatic Standard of Legal Validity." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10885.

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American jurisprudence currently applies two incompatible validity standards to determine which laws are enforceable. The natural law tradition evaluates validity by an uncertain standard of divine law, and its methodology relies on contradictory views of human reason. Legal positivism, on the other hand, relies on a methodology that commits the analytic fallacy, separates law from its application, and produces an incomplete model of law. These incompatible standards have created a schism in American jurisprudence that impairs the delivery of justice. This dissertation therefore formulates a

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