Academic literature on the topic 'National Cargo Bureau (U.S.)'

This study analyzes quantity impacts of imported crawfish tailmeat on Louisiana crawfish tailmeat prices, and demonstrates the statistical validity and proper interpretation of cross substitution within inverse demand systems. Among five inverse demand systems, the Differential Inverse National Bureau of Research (DINBR) model shows no violation of econometric assumptions for the data analyzed. By using Allais coefficients proposed by Barten and Bettendorf (1989), we show substitutability among the five fish species.

During August, 1988, I was asked by the United States Information Agency to go to Bangladesh to share information about AIDS with the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee and others. In the course of my stay in Dhaka, I met with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Home Affairs, the Minister of Health, the Director of the American Cultural Center of the U. S. Information Service, the Dean of the University of Dhaka Medical School, the Director of the National Health Card Service (an organization administering hundreds of rural health clinics in Bangladesh), and the Chief of the Bureau of Health Education. I gave presentations before the Bangladesh National AIDS Committee, the faculty and student body of the University of Dhaka Medical School, and during a reception given by the National Health Card Service.

A specially designed high resolution ICP-MS was combined with an ultrasonic nebulizer to analyze trace amounts of various inorganic contaminants contained in water samples. It was confirmed that the detection limits of most elements obtained by the proposed method were well under 1 ppt. The Standard Reference Material 1643b (trace elements in water) provided by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology, formerly U. S. National Bureau of Standards) was also analyzed. Concentration values obtained by this work were in good agreement with certified values for all the elements examined except for Cu. It can be concluded from the foregoing that the combination of the above two instruments materializes an extraordinarily sensitive method and paves the way for direct determination of a considerable number of trace and ultra-trace elements in water samples with acceptable speed and accuracy.

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate regional disparities in access to EyeSi surgical simulation training among U.S. ophthalmology residency programs. Methods Access to EyeSi simulation was determined from sales data (2021) provided by VRMagic. Key demographic metrics of the primary counties of U.S. residency training programs were retrieved from the U.S. Census Bureau Database (2019) and PolicyMap (2021). Demographic metrics, Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital affiliation, and Doximity residency program ranking (2021) were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. Results A total of 124 residency training programs across 95 U.S. counties were included. Regional density (number of EyeSi simulators/million people) was calculated; the west had a significantly lower density when compared with the northeast (NE), south, and midwest (0.4 vs 1.0, 1.3, 1.1, respectively). In the NE, there was a significantly lower population of Blacks (p = 0.01), Hispanics (p = 0.028), and Native Americans (p = 0.008) residing in counties with access to EyeSi, compared with counties without EyeSi access. Programs with EyeSi access (N = 95) had a median Doximity ranking of 52.5, whereas programs without EyeSi access (N = 35) had a lower median ranking of 94 (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our analysis demonstrates significant disparities in access to EyeSi simulation training in the United States that could disproportionately impact minority communities. Access to an EyeSi simulator was associated with higher residency ranking independent of VA affiliation.

Rousseau H. Flower (1913-1988) described and figured more than hundreds of fossil taxa, collected throughout the world, during his long and colorful career (Wolberg, 1988). Most of the fossils Flower worked with remain at the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources (NMBM&MR). Not surprisingly, given his interests in worldwide distributions of cephalopods and other groups, a rather small proportion of the fossils Rousseau worked with throughout his career were collected in New Mexico; a large proportion of the fossils actually belong to other institutions. The NMBM&MR continues to receive requests for published specimens and is making every effort to return loan material. The NMBM&MR also believes that the professional community would be best served by maintenance of the Flower/NMBM&MR fossils in a national repository. It was Rousseau's wish that the Smithsonian Institution/U. S. National Museum serve as one of the repositories of the NMBM&MR collections.

ABSTRACT The Department of Defense (DOD), operating through the Directorate of Military Support in the Department of the Army, supports state, local and other federal agency response operations in a wide range of natural and man-caused emergencies. Examples within the past six years include the Ashland Oil tank collapse in Floreffe, Pennsylvania, Exxon Valdez cleanup, Loma Prieta earthquake, hurricanes Hugo and Andrew, Mexico City earthquake, Armero (Columbia) volcanic eruption, and Puerto Rico floods and mudslides. From March 24 to September 27, 1989, the period of the Exxon Valdez initial cleanup operations, DOD provided military and civilian personnel, U. S. Navy ships for housing response workers, cargo and medical evacuation aircraft (fixed wing and helicopters), skimmers, modified dredges, landing craft, Dracones, Zodiak boats, radios, computers, and other miscellaneous equipment. This was in addition to assets of the Alaska Army and Air National Guard, which were committed by the governor. Support was provided to the U. S. Coast Guard on-scene coordinator and supervised by the Alaska Oil Spill Joint Task Force. The General Accounting Office, in its January 1990 report, Federal Costs Resulting from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, estimated that DOD spent $62.8 million through September 30, 1989, the largest expenditure by any federal agency. Use of military resources is a realistic scenario in certain situations. Primary responders at the federal and state level should understand how to request and employ these assets. This paper provides a background on DOD support to disaster relief operations, and discusses the types of support available to agencies responding to natural or man-caused emergencies, request and approval mechanisms, the Department of Defense organization to provide support, and reimbursement of the department.

BackgroundMacrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe hyperinflammatory response that develops against the background of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is known that the clinical feature of MAS on biologic therapy has other clinical manifestations, different from biologically naive patients.ObjectivesTo study the clinical and laboratory features of macrophage activation syndrome in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with systemic onset (sJIA) on the biologic therapy.MethodsThe study included 100 patients with MAS (114 cases of MAS) who observed in the rheumatological department of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s health of Ministry of health. All patients met the criteria for the diagnosis of sJIA and MAS. There were children in our study who did not receive biologic therapy – 84 (74%) cases, and children who had MAS in the biologic therapy – 30 cases (26%). The drugs are distributed as follows: tocilizumab - 7 cases (6%), kanakinumab - 20 cases (17%), etanercept – 2 cases (2%), adalimumab – 1 case (1%). For pairwise intergroup comparisons of quantitative variables, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used.ResultsIn comparative analysis of biologic-naive and on biologic patients, the greatest differences were obtained for the following clinical manifestations: rash, lymphadenopathy, myalgia (p<0.05). Fever was the most common symptom in both groups and was present in almost all patients (99%). All patients had elevated level of ferritin in the blood serum (773 ng/ml to 130149 ng/ml). Laboratory picture of MAS in the group of on biologic patients differed significantly from the group of patients naive for biologic therapy (Table 1). The most significant differences were found among the following laboratory parameters: hemoglobin level, the number of erythrocytes and platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), levels of C-raective protein (CRP), ferritin, lactatedehydrogenase (LDH), albumin.Table 1.Laboratory data of patients with MAS.nReference valuesMedianMinimumMaximumMann-Whitney Criterion (p)Biologic-naive cases of MAS(n= 84)Hemoglobin, g/l84120-14596,5061,00145,000,008Red blood cells, 1012/l844,5-5,33,782,135,010,001Platelets, 109/l84150-440149,0041,00523,000,025White blood cells, 109/l844,5-11,54,420,6925,840,074ESR, mm/h842-2045,002,00111,000,001CRP, mg/l840-5111,567,54368,310,006Ferritin, ng/ml8414-1244195,21702,38130149,200,022LDH, U/l8491-295413,50162,005245,000,059Albumin, g/l8438-5429,0016,1063,000,001On biologic cases of MAS(n = 30)Hemoglobin, g/l30120-145104,5067,00163,000,008Red blood cells, 1012/l304,5-5,34,173,106,150,001Platelets, 109/l30150-440101,504,00362,000,025White blood cells, 109/l304,5-11,53,220,7015,580,074ESR, mm/h302-2017,502,0098,000,001CRP, mg/l300-555,771,86407,120,006Ferritin, ng/ml3014-1242319,59773,90121396,000,022LDH, U/l3091-295600,0010,602148,570,059Albumin, g/l3038-5432,8020,3051,900,001ConclusionOn biologic patients may also develop MAS, which is often difficult to diagnose due to the poor clinical picture and low laboratory activity. In this case, hyperferritinemia remains as a highly specific marker of MAS.References[1]Crayne CB, Albeituni S, Nichols KE, Cron RQ. The Immunology of Macrophage Activation Syndrome. Front Immunol. 2019 Feb 1;10:119. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00119. PMID: 30774631; PMCID: PMC6367262.[2]Henderson LA, Cron RQ. Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Childhood Inflammatory Disorders: Diagnosis and Management. Paediatr Drugs. 2020 Feb;22(1):29-44. doi:10.1007/s40272-019-00367-1. PMID: 31732958; PMCID: PMC7334831.[3]Ravelli A, Davì S, Minoia F, Martini A, Cron RQ. Macrophage Activation Syndrome. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2015 Oct;29(5):927-41. doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2015.06.010. Epub 2015 Aug 25 PMID: 26461152Disclosure of InterestsIvan Kriulin Speakers bureau: Speaker for Novartis., Ekaterina Alexeeva Speakers bureau: Speaker for Roche, AbbVie, Bristol-Myers, Squibb, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer., Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Roche, Pfizer, Centocor, Eli Lilly, AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, MSD, Sanofi, Amgen and Novartis., Tatyana Dvoryakovskaya Speakers bureau: Speaker for Roche, AbbVie, Bristol-Myers, Squibb, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer., Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Roche, Pfizer, Centocor, Eli Lilly, AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, MSD, Sanofi, Amgen and Novartis., Rina Denisova Speakers bureau: Speaker for Roche, AbbVie, MSD, Novartis., Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Roche, Pfizer, Centocor, Sanofi and Novartis., Ksenia Isaeva Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Roche, Novartis and Sanofi., Aleksandra Chomakhidze: None declared, Anna Mamutova Speakers bureau: Speaker for Novartis., Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Eli Lilly., Olga Lomakina Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Pfizer, Eli Lilly., Anna Fetisova Grant/research support from: Financial grants from Amgen., Marina Gautier: None declared, Kristina Chibisova: None declared, Elizaveta Krekhova Speakers bureau: Speaker for Novartis., Irina Tsulukiya: None declared

BackgroundSystemic sclerosis (SSc) patients often become refractory to proton pump inhibitor (PPI)—a standard treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)—and intolerant to PPI in combination with domperidone. PPI with alginic acid is an alternative treatment option, but alginic acid is costly.ObjectivesWe compared the costs and effectiveness of alginic acid plus proton pump inhibitor (PPI) versus standard treatments (PPI with/without antacids as needed and lifestyle modifications) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients unsuitable for, or intolerant to, domperidone.MethodsAn economic evaluation using the Markov model was conducted among SSc patients between 40 and 65 with GERD, having a partial or non-response to 4 weeks of standard-dose omeprazole (40 mg/d) and being unsuitable for or intolerance to domperidone. Using a societal perspective, we computed the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) in terms of Thai baht (THB) per quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) between a combination of alginic acid plus PPI and standard treatment for GERD. The lifetime time horizon was used.ResultsThe ICER for alginic acid plus PPI versus standard treatments was 377,101THB/QALY. According to the one-way sensitivity analysis, the cost of alginic acid was the most impactful parameter. If the market prices of alginic acid plus PPI were reduced by 61%, this treatment option would become cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold of 160,000THB/QALY (34.71 THB/USD data on 3 December 2022). Furthermore, if alginic acid were included in the public health insurance program, the national budget would be increased by 66,313THB per patient resulting in an overall budget increase of 5,106,101 to 8,885,942THB compared to the standard treatment.ConclusionAlginic acid plus PPI does not represent good value for money compared to the standard treatment among such SSc patients in Thailand unless its price is reduced significantly.References[1]Foocharoen C, Peansukwech U, Mahakkanukrauh A, Suwannaroj S, Pongkulkiat P, Khamphiw P, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 566 Thais with systemic sclerosis: A cohort study. Int J Rheum Dis 2020;23:945–57.[2]Chunlertrith K, Noiprasit A, Foocharoen C, Mairiang P, Sukeepaisarnjaroen W, Sangchan A, et al. GERD questionnaire for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 2014;32:S-98-102.[3]Foocharoen C, Chunlertrith K, Mairiang P, Mahakkanukrauh A, Suwannaroj S, Namvijit S, et al. Prevalence and predictors of proton pump inhibitor partial response in gastroesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: a prospective study. Sci Rep 2020;10:769.[4] Foocharoen C, Chunlertrith K, Mairiang P, Mahakkanukrauh A, Suwannaroj S, Namvijit S, et al. Effectiveness of add-on therapy with domperidone vs alginic acid in proton pump inhibitor partial response gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in systemic sclerosis: randomized placebo-controlled trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017;56:214–22.[5] Lei WY, Chang WC, Wen SH, Yi CH, Liu TT, Hung JS, et al. Predicting factors of recurrence in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a prospective follow-up analysis. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019;12:1756284819864549.[6] Teerawattananon Y, Chaikledkaew U. Thai health technology assessment guideline development. J Med Assoc Thai 2008;91 Suppl 2:S11-15.[7] BOI: The Board of Investment of Thailand [Internet]. [cited 2022 Apr 19];Available from:https://www.boi.go.th/index.php?page=demographic.[8] Nimdet K, Ngorsuraches S. Willingness to pay per quality-adjusted life year for life-saving treatments in Thailand. BMJ Open 2015;5:e008123.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsChingching Foocharoen Speakers bureau: Boehringer Ingelheim, Norvatis, Janssen, Pritaporn Kingkaew: None declared, Yot Teerawattananon: None declared, Ajanee Mahakkanukrauh: None declared, Siraphop Suwannaroj: None declared, Witsarut Manasirisuk: None declared, Jitjira Chaiyarit: None declared, Apichat Sangchan: None declared.