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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Necrotic enteritis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Cooper, Kerry Kevin. "Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens: Studies in Disease Reproduction and Pathogenesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195545.

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Necrotic enteritis in poultry is caused by Clostridium perfringens type A, and is estimated to cost the worldwide poultry industry approximately $2 billion dollars a year, due to increased mortality and decreased feed conversion and weight gain. Very little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease due to the lack of a consistently reproducible experimental model. This dissertation outlines the development of an effective and consistent experimental model for necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. It was also found that in vivo passage through the chicken's intestinal tract let to incre

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2

Johansson, Anders. "Clostridium perfringens the causal agent of necrotic enteritis in poultry /." Uppsala : Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200634.pdf.

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3

Stringfellow, Kendre Duaron. "Evaluation of agricultural disinfectants and necrotic enteritis preventatives in broiler chickens." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3237.

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4

Paiva, Diego Moreira. "Effects of Calcium and Enzyme Supplementation on the Occurrence of Necrotic Enteritis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49595.

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Diet composition and nutrient balance can have a critical impact on intestinal integrity during exposure to enteric pathogens. Researchers have extensively reported benefits on nutrient availability and broiler performance as a consequence of the impact of phytase supplementation. However, the poultry industry has little information on the effects of phytase supplementation in disease settings. The objective of these studies was to evaluate phytase supplementation impact on bird performance, intestinal morphology and pH, nutrient digestibility and bone mineralization during necrotic enteritis

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5

Saleem, Gulbeena. "Necrotic enteritis, disease induction, predisposing factors and novel biochemical markers in broiler chickens." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4372/.

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Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an important enteric disease in poultry production that has re-emerged as a major problem following an EU wide ban on the use of in-feed antimicrobials. Although the primary aetiological agent of disease is Clostridium perfringens type A, a commensal in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of chickens, numerous additional influential factors have been reported that can predispose chickens to NE. These precipitating factors mainly include diet, co-infection with other pathogens particularly coccidia, as well as environmental and management factors. Despite being first des

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6

McReynolds, Jackson Lee. "The effects of an experimental chlorate product on the microbial ecology in Gallus gallus var. domesticus." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/544.

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Previous reports have shown that some bacteria utilize a dissimilatory nitrate reductase enzyme (NR) in anaerobic environments. This enzyme reduces nitrate to nitrite and also has been shown to co-metabolize chlorate to cytotoxic chlorite. A commercially available competitive exclusion (CE) product was evaluated for its nitrate reductase activity and therefore its experimental chlorate product (ECP) sensitivity. Of the 29 constituent bacteria of the CE culture, 11 had slight utilization of NR, 3 had moderate utilization of NR; the remaining were NR negative (with slight and moderate utiliza

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7

Eswaran, Jeyanthy. "Purification and characterisation of recombinant C. perfringens beta toxin from E. coli and B. subtilis." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341444.

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8

Cartman, Stephen Thomas. "Oral administration of 'Baciilus subtilis' spores for prophylactic control of 'Clostridium perfringens' associated necrotic enteritis in poultry." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434372.

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9

Sumners, Lindsay Hart. "Immunological Response to Clostridium perfringens in Two Genetically Divergent Lines of Chickens as Influenced by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Genotype." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43370.

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Chickens genetically selected for low (LA) or high (HA) antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) displayed a correlated change in major histocompatibility complex (MHC), so that LA chickens were 96% B13 and HA chickens were 96% B21. During a clinical outbreak of necrotic enteritis, B21B21 genotypes experienced significantly less mortality (6% vs. 13 %) compared to B13B13 genotypes. A study was carried out to assess immunological differences between LA and HA lines during exposure to Clostridium perfringens. In Experiment 1, chickens were orally gavaged with a low (10^7 CFU/mL) or high

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10

Chasser, Kaylin M. "Impact of necrotic enteritis on the growth curve and the evaluation of test parameters for measuring coccidial infection." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523281345700585.

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11

Zhang, Guopeng. "Protection of lysozyme with chitosan using radiant energy vacuum dehydration for control of clostridial necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35117.

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The aim of this study was to develop a heat-stable and slow-release lysozyme-based product using radiant energy under vacuum (REV) technology by formulating lysozyme in a chitosan matrix so that the product could be used as a feed additive for more effective control of clostridial necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens. Lysozyme/chitosan was made into pastes with water at 25-45% solids content. These were dried with REV technology (300 watts microwave power under 4 KPa absolute pressure). Lysozyme retained its full activity during this process. A REV-treated sample produced with a paste c

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12

Fernandes, da Costa Sérgio Paulo. "Molecular and structural characterisation of epsilon toxin and necrotic enteritis toxin B : two pore-forming toxins from Clostridium perfringens." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14608.

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Epsilon toxin (Etx) and necrotic enteritis toxin B (NetB) are two pore-forming toxins produced by C. perfringens. While Etx has been shown to be the key virulence factor for enterotoxemia in goats and sheep, NetB has been associated with the pathogenesis of avian necrotic enteritis (NE), a gastro-intestinal disease causing economic damage to the poultry industry worldwide. The crystal structure of Etx H149A (an Etx variant with 6x reduced toxicity relative to wild type toxin) was solved to 2.4 Å and showed that the H149A mutation in domain III does not affect organization of the receptor bindi

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13

White, Mallory Beth. "In ovo and feed application of probiotics or synbiotics and response of broiler chicks to post-hatch necrotic enteritis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103632.

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Immediately post-hatch, broiler chicks are exposed to microbes that begin colonizing the gut, including environmental pathogens. One of the costliest enteric diseases in broiler production is necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by the ubiquitous opportunistic bacteria Clostridium perfringens (CP). With the worldwide reduction in antibiotic growth-promoters (AGPs), there is increased interest in natural alternatives to reduce disease and improve broiler health. The overall objective of the studies described herein was to apply probiotics or synbiotics to birds by in ovo application or orally before

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14

Calefi, Atilio Sersun. "Avaliação do estresse térmico por calor sobre a infecção por Clostridium perfringens em frangos de corte." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-18112013-112533/.

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O setor avícola apresenta o maior crescimento em volume produzido dentre todos os setores cárneos no Brasil. A grande participação dos produtos avícolas na alimentação humana somada ao risco do desenvolvimento de resistência bacteriana, levaram a União Européia (UE) a abolir utilização de antimicrobianos como aditivos e de forma profilática na ração de animais. A remoção dos aditivos associada ao sistema de criação intensivo acabaram por fazer que doenças, até então consideradas controladas, se tornassem reemergentes. A enterite necrótica aviária (NE) é considerada um exemplo. De forma geral,

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15

Lancini, João Batista. "Avaliação do efeito terapêutico da avilamicina no controle da enterite necrótica em perus de corte." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/28809.

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A enterite necrótica causada por Clostridium perfringens é, comprovadamente, um grande problema para frangos de corte, seja sob a forma clínica ou subclínica , com elevados prejuízos produtivos. Em perus, não está claramente identificada a influência deste patógeno sobre os resultados produtivos, e provavelmente por razões econômicas, o volume de pesquisa nesta área é limitado. Em dois experimentos consecutivos, conduzidos em granjas experimentais diferentes, e sobre cama nova e reutilizada, perus de 14 dias, sem medicação com anticoccidianos, foram inoculados, a partir de uma amostra de campo

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16

Fernando, Palika S. "The effects of diet and use of competitive exclusion agents on the incidence of subclinical necrotic enteritis in Broiler Chickens." Thesis, Harper Adams University College, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536458.

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17

Gatsos, Xenia, and xgatsos@optusnet com au. "The development of live vectored vaccines targeting the alpha-toxin of Clostridium perfringens for the prevention of necrotic enteritis in poultry." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080212.142403.

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The Ñ-toxin of Clostridium perfringens is a toxin involved in numerous diseases of humans and agriculturally important animals. One of these diseases is necrotic enteritis (NE), a sporadic enteric disease which affects avian species world-wide. This study involved the inactivation of alpha-toxin (Ñ-toxin) for use as a potential vaccine candidate to combat NE in chickens, and other diseases caused by C. perfringens type A. During the course of this research a number of Ñ-toxin recombinant proteins were developed through molecular inactivation of the Ñ-toxin gene, plc. Proteins plc3

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18

Pan, Deng. "An Integrated Study on Chicken Gut Microbiome Associated with Diets and Feed Utilization Using Microarray and Illumina Sequencing." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417694886.

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19

Briggs, Whitney. "Evaluation and optimization of quantitative analysis methods for Clostridium perfringens detection in broiler intestinal samples to use with necrotic enteritis challenge models." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587491319889086.

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20

Santos, João Rodrigo Gil de Los. "Construção e avaliação de vacinas de toxina α recombi-nante de Clostridium perfringens A". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1238.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:32:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-02<br>Avian Necrotic Enteritis (NE) is an acute enterotoxaemia caused by Clostridium perfringens A and C. The control of the disease is based on antibiotics added to animal feed. The ban of this practice by consumer markets, considered the biggest challenge to industrial aviculture, demanded the adoption of other alternatives for its control, among others, immunization with recombinant vaccines. The aim of this work was to produce and evaluate C. perfringens recombinant α toxin (rA

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21

Albornoz, Luis Antonio Llanco. "Caracterização molecular dos principais fatores de virulência e genótipos de Clostridium perfringens isolados de frangos com enterite necrótica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42132/tde-27062014-164523/.

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Clostridium perfringens causa enterite necrótica aviária devido à produção de toxinas que lesam o intestino. Neste estudo, de 94 amostras nove apresentaram C. perfringens, totalizando 22 isolados. Todos exceto um isolado, possuíram os genes nanI (95%) e/ou nanJ (81%), e 19/22, mostraram atividade neuraminidase em hemácias de frango. A atividade hemaglutinante foi observada em poucos isolados (26%). Todos os isolados foram plc positivos (toxina α), sendo classificados como tipo A. Sete isolados (31,8%) abrigaram o gene tpeL que codifica a toxina TpeL. Isolados tpeL+ mostraram efeito citot

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22

Duff, Audrey Faye. "The Use of Antibody-Guided and Recombinant Subunit Vaccine Technology in the Study and Control of Enteric Health in Poultry." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543571152161391.

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23

"A Plant Based Vaccine for Necrotic Enteritis in Chickens." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.50573.

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abstract: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is caused by type A strains of the bacterium Clostridium perfringens, leading to an estimated 2 billion dollar global economic loss in the poultry industry annually. Traditionally, NE has been effectively controlled by antibiotics added to the diet of poultry. Concerns about increasing antibiotic resistance of poultry and human based pathogens have led to the consideration of alternative approaches for controlling disease, such as vaccination. NE causing strains of C. perfringens produce two major toxins, α-toxin and NetB. Immune responses against either toxin

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24

Lepp, Dion. "Comparative genomic analysis of Clostridium perfringens strains associated with necrotic enteritis of poultry." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3958.

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Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important, but poorly understood, disease of poultry, typically caused by Clostridium perfringens Type A strains that carry the NetB toxin gene. The objective of the current research was to identify additional genes associated with NE-causing C. perfringens strains, and thus putatively involved in virulence. To identify novel NE-associated genes, the draft genome sequences of seven C. perfringens NE isolates and one isolate from a healthy chicken were compared against nine non-poultry genomes, and three highly-conserved NE-associated loci (NELoc-1

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25

Yi-Bing, Horng, and 洪亦秉. "Study of Bacillus licheniformis Fermented Products on Swine Dysentery and Broilers Necrotic Enteritis Prevention." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tc2tz5.

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碩士<br>國立宜蘭大學<br>生物技術與動物科學系動物科學碩士班<br>106<br>Abstract This study investigated the effectiveness of antibacterial substances produced by solid fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis against Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Clostridium perfringens. Three experiments were designed as follows: Test 1. To optimize the surfactin production by fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis. Molasses were used as carbon sources for reduction of fermentation costs. The results showed that the 5 grams of molasses can increase the production of surface by Bacillus licheniformis. Increasing the nitrogen source from

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26

Chen, Chang-Hsin 1977. "Enhancing Chicken Mucosal IgA Response Against Clostridium Perfringens a-toxin." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/150956.

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Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important enteric disease of broiler chicken primarily caused by a-toxin (Cpa) secreted by C. perfringens type A. Mice immunized with recombinant C-terminal domain of Cpa (CpaCD) had transient and fewer localized lesions upon challenge with C. perfringens type A. These results demonstrate the usefulness of CpaCD as an immunogen for vaccine development against NE for chickens. Chicken CD40 (chCD40) is mainly expressed on the surface of chicken antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and the interaction of chCD40 and chCD40L (natural ligand for chCD40) provide

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27

Jia, Wei. "Enzyme supplementation as a strategy to improve nutrient utilization, production performance and mitigation of necrotic enteritis in poultry." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3218.

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Incorporation of full-fat flaxseed, and to a lesser extent, canola seed in diets to produce n-3-enriched products has attracted interest in the poultry industry. However, high amounts of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) in oilseeds compromise their nutritive value. The objectives of the current research were to develop enzyme supplements effective in cell wall depolymerization and viscosity reduction, particularly in flaxseed; to evaluate the effects of enzyme addition and feed processing on oil utilization and egg n-3 fatty acid deposition in broiler chickens and laying hens fed oilseed-contai

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28

Deslauriers, Nicolas. "Identification et caractérisation des bactériocines de souches commensales de Clostridium perfringens." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23149.

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Travail en codirection avec M. Frédéric Raymond<br>Avec la présente augmentation de la résistance aux antibiotiques et l’inquiétude des consommateurs, de nouvelles alternatives sont nécessaires afin de contrôler l’entérite nécrotique (EN), une maladie causant des millions de dollars en pertes économiques pour l’industrie de la volaille mondialement. Les bactériocines sont des peptides antimicrobiens produits par une bactérie pour tuer ou inhiber la croissance d’autres compétiteurs bactériens. La perfrine est la seule bactériocine reportée associée aux souches pathogènes de Clostridium perfring

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29

Bélanger, Mathieu. "Mise au point d'un modèle d'infection expérimentale d'entérite nécrotique clinique chez le poulet de chair par des facteurs prédisposants." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7181.

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30

Meniaï, Ilhem. "Utilisation de la vaccinologie réverse pour l’identification de protéines candidates vaccinales chez Clostridium perfringens causant l’entérite nécrotique aviaire." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24261.

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L’entérite nécrotique aviaire causée par Clostridium perfringens est une maladie économiquement dévastatrice et celle-ci est en émergence dans les troupeaux de poulets de chair éliminant l’usage des antibiotiques. À ce jour, aucune alternative en élevage ne permet de prévenir efficacement la maladie et un contrôle par une stratégie vaccinale serait des plus prisé. Une approche par génomique comparative jumelée à la vaccinologie réverse soustractive et comparative identifiant des protéines bactériennes de surface immunogènes figure parmi les approches méthodologiques des plus prometteuses pour

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31

Parent, Eric. "Caractérisation et évaluation de la virulence de souches cliniques de Clostridium perfringens chez le poulet à griller élevé sans antibiotique." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13379.

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32

Jalbert, Louis-Alexandre. "Caractérisation de la résistance à la bacitracine et évaluation in vitro de bactériophages envers les Clostridium perfringens aviaires." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7198.

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33

Gaucher, Marie-Lou. "Étude de l'impact de deux traitements, dont un sans antibiotiques, sur la santé digestive et les populations de Clostridium perfringens dans des élevages de poulets de chair." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13372.

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