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Journal articles on the topic 'Neurotrophic factotrs'

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Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hartwig, Kerstin, Viktoria Fackler, Heidi Jaksch-Bogensperger та ін. "Cerebrolysin protects PC12 cells from CoCl2-induced hypoxia employing GSK3β signaling". Int J Dev Neurosci. 38 (2 серпня 2014): 52–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.07.00.

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Cerebrolysin (EVER Neuro Pharma, Austria) is a peptidergic drug indicated for clinical use in stroke, traumatic brain injury and dementias. The therapeutic effect of Cerebrolysin is thought to ensure from its neurotrophic activity, which shares some properties with naturally occurring neurotrophic factors. However, the exact mechanism(s) of action of Cerebrolysin is yet to be fully deciphered. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Cerebrolysin in a widely used in vitro model of hypoxia-induced neuronal cytotoxicity, namely CoCl2-treatment of PC12 cells. CoCl2 cytotoxici

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Krüttgen, Alex, J. Carsten Möller, John V. Heymach, and Eric M. Shooter. "Neurotrophins induce release of neurotrophins by the regulated secretory pathway." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 95, no. 16 (1998): 9614–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.16.9614.

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Recent studies have established that neurotrophin synthesis and secretion are regulated by activity and that these factors are involved in activity-dependent processes in the nervous system. Neurotrophins also are known to induce increases in intracellular calcium, a trigger for regulated secretion. This finding raises the possibility that neurotrophins themselves may stimulate regulated secretion of neurotrophins. To address this question, we studied the release of neurotrophins from transfected PC12 cells, a widely used model for neuronal secretion and neurotrophin signal transduction. We fo

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Kozlov, Evgenii M., Andrey V. Grechko, Yegor S. Chegodaev, Wei-Kai Wu, and Alexander N. Orekhov. "Contribution of Neurotrophins to the Immune System Regulation and Possible Connection to Alcohol Addiction." Biology 9, no. 4 (2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9040063.

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The first references to neurotrophic factors date back to the middle of the 20th century when the nerve growth factor (NGF) was first discovered. Later studies delivered a large amount of data on neurotrophic factors. However, many questions regarding neurotrophin signaling still remain unanswered. One of the principal topics in neurotrophin research is their role in the immune system regulation. Another important research question is the possible involvement of neurotrophin signaling in the pathological processes associated with alcoholism. Among known neurotrophins, NT-4 remains the least st

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Sochal, Marcin, Agata Binienda, Aleksandra Tarasiuk, et al. "The Relationship between Sleep Parameters Measured by Polysomnography and Selected Neurotrophic Factors." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 3 (2024): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030893.

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Background: The molecular underpinnings of insufficient sleep remain underexplored, with disruptions in the neurotrophic signaling pathway emerging as a potential explanation. Neurotrophins (NTs), including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3), neurotrophin 4 (NT4), and glial-cell-line-derived growth factor (GDNF), play crucial roles in nerve cell growth and repair. However, their associations with sleep patterns are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the chosen neurotrophins and objective sleep parameters. Methods: The study i

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Iwanicka, Karolina, Julia Mazgaj, Magdalena Mazur, and Zuzanna Rząd. "Hungry brain: about the possible contribution of neurotrophic factors to anorexia nervosa." Current Problems of Psychiatry 25 (March 25, 2024): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12923/2353-8627/2024-0004.

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Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by restricted energy intake leading to weight loss below the healthy range. It is accompanied by anxiety and distorted body perception. While the disorder often manifests during adolescence, there is a noted decrease in the average age of onset, with an increasing number of cases in childhood. Successful treatment and maintenance of healthy body weight require an understanding of the complex etiology of AN, encompassing both psychosocial and specific biological factors. Material and methods: For the review, databases PubMe

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YIN, Q., G. J. KEMP, and S. P. FROSTICK. "Neurotrophins, Neurones and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration." Journal of Hand Surgery 23, no. 4 (1998): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80117-4.

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Successful peripheral nerve regeneration requires optimal conditions both in the macro-environment and micro-environment. Many methods have been used to improve the macro-environment for the regenerating nerve. However, much less is known about the micro-environment, and in particular the complex neurochemical interactions involved. Several neurotrophic factors have been shown to play an essential trophic role in the development, maintenance and regulation of neuronal function. These include nerve growth factor (NGF) and several recently identified members of the NGF family, namely brain-deriv

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Nassenstein, Christina, Armin Braun, Veit Johannes Erpenbeck, et al. "The Neurotrophins Nerve Growth Factor, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, Neurotrophin-3, and Neurotrophin-4 Are Survival and Activation Factors for Eosinophils in Patients with Allergic Bronchial Asthma." Journal of Experimental Medicine 198, no. 3 (2003): 455–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20010897.

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Neurotrophins (nerve growth factor [NGF], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], neurotrophin [NT]-3, and NT-4) have been observed in elevated concentrations in allergic diseases. Neurotrophin levels are up-regulated endobronchially after allergen challenge. This coincides with an influx of activated eosinophils into the bronchial lumen. These eosinophils have an increased viability and CD69 expression 18 h after segmental allergen provocation (SAP) which is not present in peripheral blood. To investigate whether these observations are related we studied the influence of neurotrophins on eo

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Bartkowska*, Katarzyna, Kris Turlejski, and Rouzanna Djavadian. "Neurotrophins and their receptors in early development of the mammalian nervous system." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 70, no. 4 (2010): 454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2010-1816.

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Neurotrophins belonging to the class of growth factors and including nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) are widely recognized as essential factors in the developing central nervous system (CNS). Neurotrophins are synthesized as precursor forms (proneurotrophins). Mature forms of neurotrophins exert their effect by binding to specific tyrosine kinases receptors (TrkA, TrkB and TrkC) as well as via the p75 receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily while proneurotrophins interact with

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Bonanni, Roberto, Ida Cariati, Umberto Tarantino, Giovanna D’Arcangelo, and Virginia Tancredi. "Physical Exercise and Health: A Focus on Its Protective Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 7, no. 2 (2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7020038.

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Scientific evidence has demonstrated the power of physical exercise in the prevention and treatment of numerous chronic and/or age-related diseases, such as musculoskeletal, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. In addition, regular exercise is known to play a key role in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, as it helps to reduce the risk of their onset and counteracts their progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. In this regard, neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), glia cell l

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Chao, Moses V., Rithwick Rajagopal, and Francis S. Lee. "Neurotrophin signalling in health and disease." Clinical Science 110, no. 2 (2006): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20050163.

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Neurotrophins are a unique family of polypeptide growth factors that influence the proliferation, differentiation, survival and death of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. They are essential for the health and well-being of the nervous system. NGF (nerve growth factor), BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), NT-3 (neurotrophin-3) and NT-4 (neurotrophin-4) also mediate additional higher-order activities, such as learning, memory and behaviour, in addition to their established functions for cell survival. The effects of neurotrophins depend upon their levels of availability, their affinity of b

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Chao, Helen M., Randall R. Sakai, Li Yun Ma, and Bruce S. McEwen. "Adrenal Steroid Regulation of Neurotrophic Factor Expression in the Rat Hippocampus." Endocrinology 139, no. 7 (1998): 3112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.7.6114.

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Abstract Adrenal steroids and neurotrophic factors are important modulators of neuronal plasticity, function, and survival in the rat hippocampus. Adrenal steroids act through two receptor subtypes, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the mineralocorticoid receptor, and activation of each receptor subtype has distinct biochemical and physiological consequences. Adrenal steroids may exert their effects on neuronal structure and function through the regulation of expression of neurotrophic and growth-associated factors. We have examined adrenal steroid regulation of the neurotrophins brain-deri

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Borasio, G. D., A. Markus, A. Wittinghofer, Y. A. Barde, and R. Heumann. "Involvement of ras p21 in neurotrophin-induced response of sensory, but not sympathetic neurons." Journal of Cell Biology 121, no. 3 (1993): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.121.3.665.

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Little is known about the signal transduction mechanisms involved in the response to neurotrophins and other neurotrophic factors in neurons, beyond the activation of the tyrosine kinase activity of the neurotrophin receptors belonging to the trk family. We have previously shown that the introduction of the oncogene product ras p21 into the cytoplasm of chick embryonic neurons can reproduce the survival and neurite-outgrowth promoting effects of the neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). To assess the pot

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Humpel, Christian, Ingrid Strömberg, and Lars Olson. "Expression of Nerve Growth Factor, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Neurotrophin-3 mRNAs in Human Cortical Xenografts." Journal of Neural Transplantation and Plasticity 5, no. 4 (1995): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/np.1994.257.

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Trophic factors play an important role in the development of neurons and glia. In order to study the involvement of neurotrophins in human cortical development, human fetal parietal cortical tissue, obtained after early elective abortions, was transplanted to cortical cavities in immunosuppressed rats. Usingin situhybridization it was demonstrated that nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNAs are expressed in developing human cortical xenografts. We conclude that neurotrophins may play a role in human cortical development and rat-derived astroglial cells

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Łanocha-Arendarczyk, Natalia, Karolina Kot, Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka, Patrycja Kapczuk, Aleksandra Łanocha, and Danuta Izabela Kosik-Bogacka. "Neurotrophic Factors in Experimental Cerebral Acanthamoebiasis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (2022): 4931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094931.

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To date, no studies have addressed the role of neurotrophins (NTs) in Acanthamoeba spp. infections in the brain. Thus, to clarify the role of NTs in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus during experimental acanthamoebiasis in relation to the host immune status, the purpose of this study was to determine whether Acanthamoeba spp. may affect the concentration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) in brain structures. Our results suggest that at the beginning of infection in immunocompetent hosts, BDNF and NT-3 may

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Ribeiro, Daniel, Luca Petrigna, Frederico C. Pereira, Antonella Muscella, Antonino Bianco, and Paula Tavares. "The Impact of Physical Exercise on the Circulating Levels of BDNF and NT 4/5: A Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (2021): 8814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168814.

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(1) Background: One mechanism through which physical activity (PA) provides benefits is by triggering activity at a molecular level, where neurotrophins (NTs) are known to play an important role. However, the expression of the circulating levels of neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4/5), in response to exercise, is not fully understood. Therefore, the aim was to provide an updated overview on the neurotrophin (NT) variation levels of BDNF and NT-4/5 as a consequence of a long-term aerobic exercise intervention, and to understand and describe

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Davies, Alun M. "Neurotrophic Factors: Switching neurotrophin dependence." Current Biology 4, no. 3 (1994): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00064-6.

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Davies, Alun M., and Edwina M. Wright. "Neurotrophic Factors: Neurotrophin autocrine loops." Current Biology 5, no. 7 (1995): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(95)00144-8.

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18

Ibanez, C. F., P. Ernfors, T. Timmusk, et al. "Neurotrophin-4 is a target-derived neurotrophic factor for neurons of the trigeminal ganglion." Development 117, no. 4 (1993): 1345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.117.4.1345.

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The cellular localization of mRNA for neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), a novel neurotrophic factor, in the developing whisker follicles and skin of the embryonic rat is demonstrated by in situ hybridization. Levels of NT-4 mRNA in the whisker pad decrease between embryonic day 13 (E13) and E20, correlating in time with the onset of naturally occurring neuronal death in the innervating trigeminal ganglion. In addition to NT-4, brain-derived neuotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA is also shown to be expressed in the rat embryonic whisker follicles although in a different cellular localization, which combined with

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Boyce, Vanessa S., Maureen Tumolo, Itzhak Fischer, Marion Murray, and Michel A. Lemay. "Neurotrophic Factors Promote and Enhance Locomotor Recovery in Untrained Spinalized Cats." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 4 (2007): 1988–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00391.2007.

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In spinal cats, locomotor recovery without rehabilitation is limited, but weight-bearing stepping returns with treadmill training. We studied whether neurotrophins administered to the injury site also restores locomotion in untrained spinal cats and whether combining both neurotrophins and training further improves recovery. Ordinary rat fibroblasts or a mixture of fibroblasts secreting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) (Fb-NTF) were grafted into T12 spinal transection sites. Cats with each type of transplant were divided into two groups: one receiving daily tr

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Tröger, Andrea, Werner Bader, Timo Gottfried, et al. "Optimizing Factors in Murine Whole-Organ Cochlea Culture." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 8 (2025): 3908. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083908.

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In 2008, Hahn et al. presented a method for cultivating a 3D organ culture of the cochlea. Although this method is well established, it is currently only applied to early postnatal animals. Given the known differences in regeneration and repair abilities between early postnatal and adult mammalian cochleae, our goal was to further develop and optimize this method to extend it beyond early postnatal animals to include adult mammalian cochleae. After rapidly dissecting the cochlea, it is opened and placed in a neurotrophin-containing culture medium. The culture is then maintained at 32 °C in a r

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Chiavacci, Elena, Sara Bagnoli, Alessandro Cellerino, and Eva Terzibasi Tozzini. "Distribution of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Brain of the Small-Spotted Catshark Scyliorhinus canicula, and Evolution of Neurotrophins in Basal Vertebrates." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11 (2023): 9495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119495.

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Neurotrophins (NTFs) are structurally related neurotrophic factors essential for differentiation, survival, neurite outgrowth, and the plasticity of neurons. Abnormalities associated with neurotrophin-signaling (NTF-signaling) were associated with neuropathies, neurodegenerative disorders, and age-associated cognitive decline. Among the neurotrophins, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has the highest expression and is expressed in mammals by specific cells throughout the brain, with particularly high expression in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Whole genome sequencing efforts show

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Venkatesan, Ramu, Eunhee Ji, and Sun Yeou Kim. "Phytochemicals That Regulate Neurodegenerative Disease by Targeting Neurotrophins: A Comprehensive Review." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/814068.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), characterized by progressive dementia and deterioration of cognitive function, is an unsolved social and medical problem. Age, nutrition, and toxins are the most common causes of AD. However, currently no credible treatment is available for AD. Traditional herbs and phytochemicals may delay its onset and slow its progression and also allow recovery by targeting multiple pathological causes by antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiamyloidogenic properties. They also regulate mitochondrial stress, apoptotic factors, free radical scavenging system, and neurotrophic f

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Li, Zhechen. "Current Status and Developments in the Clinical Treatment of Alzheimers Disease." Theoretical and Natural Science 99, no. 1 (2025): 192–98. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2025.22922.

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Alzheimers disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by extracellular amyloid-beta (A) plaque deposition, intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal loss. Current therapeutic approaches, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists, can only alleviate the symptoms but cannot prevent the progression of the disease. Emerging research on neurotrophic factors (NTFs) offers novel insights into disease-modifying therapies by targeting multiple pathological pathways. This com

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Bürgi, B., U. H. Otten, B. Ochensberger, et al. "Basophil priming by neurotrophic factors. Activation through the trk receptor." Journal of Immunology 157, no. 12 (1996): 5582–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.157.12.5582.

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Abstract There is increasing evidence that nerve growth factor (NGF) acts on cells of the immune system, apart from its neurotrophic effects. In human basophils, NGF potentiates mediator release and primes the cells to produce leukotriene C4 in response to C5a. It is, however, unknown whether other homologous neurotrophins also act outside the nervous system, and whether activation of basophils by NGF requires interaction with trk tyrosine kinase receptors, the low affinity NGF receptor (LNGFR), or both. A triple mutant NGF designed to interrupt binding to the LNGFR was found to activate basop

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Sakuma, Kunihiro, and Akihiko Yamaguchi. "The Recent Understanding of the Neurotrophin's Role in Skeletal Muscle Adaptation." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2011 (2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/201696.

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This paper summarizes the various effects of neurotrophins in skeletal muscle and how these proteins act as potential regulators of the maintenance, function, and regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers. Increasing evidence suggests that this family of neurotrophic factors influence not only the survival and function of innervating motoneurons but also the development and differentiation of myoblasts and muscle fibers. Muscle contractions (e.g., exercise) produce BDNF mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle, and the BDNF seems to play a role in enhancing glucose metabolism and may act for myokine t

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Sieber-Blum, Maya. "Growth factor synergism and antagonism in early neural crest development." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 76, no. 6 (1998): 1039–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o99-016.

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This review article focuses on data that reveal the importance of synergistic and antagonistic effects in growth factor action during the early phases of neural crest development. Growth factors act in concert in different cell lineages and in several aspects of neural crest cell development, including survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Stem cell factor (SCF) is a survival factor for the neural crest stem cell. Its action is neutralized by neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) through apoptotic cell deat

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Rocha, Natalia Pessoa, João Paulo Sampaio Ferreira, Paula Luciana Scalzo, et al. "Circulating levels of neurotrophic factors are unchanged in patients with Parkinson's disease." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 76, no. 5 (2018): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180035.

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ABSTRACT There is great evidence linking neurotrophic factor (NF) dysfunction with Parkinson's disease (PD) pathophysiology. This study was conducted to evaluate plasma levels of NFs and their possible associations with clinical symptoms in PD. For this purpose, 40 PD patients and 25 controls were subjected to a clinical evaluation and peripheral blood draw. Plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), pro-BDNF, neurotrophin 3, neurotrophin 4, nerve growth, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ass

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Pachowska, Kinga Marlena, Aleksandra Zakrzewska, and Katarzyna Jobs. "Urinary levels of neurotrophic factors (NGF and BDNF) in patients with detrusor overactivity." Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna 19, no. 3 (2023): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pimr.2023.0030.

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Overactive bladder refers to a group of urinary symptoms involving urinary urgency accompanied by pollakiuria or day time and nocturnal enuresis. Urodynamic testing is the gold standard for diagnosing the most frequent form of overactive bladder that is detrusor overactivity. Neurotrophins (nerve growth factor – NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor – BDNF, neurotrophin 3 – NT-3, and neurotrophin 4 – NT-4) are proteins secreted by the nervous system, found in many tissues, including bladder cells. They are bound by two types of receptors: low- and high-affinity receptors, two of which, i.e. t

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Molska, Marta, Kinga Mruczyk, Angelika Cisek-Woźniak, et al. "The Influence of Intestinal Microbiota on BDNF Levels." Nutrients 16, no. 17 (2024): 2891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16172891.

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The regulation of neurogenesis, the complex process of producing and differentiating new brain tissue cells, is influenced by a complex interaction of internal and external factors. Over the past decade, extensive research has been conducted on neurotrophins and their key role in adult neurogenesis, as well as their impact on diseases such as depression. Among neurotrophins, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been the subject of comprehensive studies on adult neurogenesis, and scientific evidence supports its necessity for neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of the hippocampu

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Fortenbery, Nicole, Rajappa Kenchappa, and Peter A. J. Forsyth. "Neurotrophin signaling and melanoma brain metastases." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e13024-e13024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e13024.

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e13024 Background: Adult metastatic brain tumors occur more frequently than primary intracranial neoplasms. Melanoma is the third most common tumor type that metastasizes to the brain. Therefore, elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms of melanoma metastases is critical. Melanocytes and neurons share a neural ectodermal origin, and thus, melanoma may preferentially travel to the brain due to the expression of common neurotrophin receptors, namely p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and Trks. Further, high concentrations of neurotrophic factors present in the brain may recruit metastati

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Koeva, Yvetta A., Stefan T. Sivkov та Lilia S. Grozlekova. "Experimental Investigations. Neurotrophic Factor Receptors trkB and trkC in Experimental Model of Lesion in Rat Brain Structures in Schizophrenia / Рецепторы Нейротрофических Факторов trkB И trkC В Эксперимен- Тальной Модели Для Исследования Повреждений В Мозговых Структурах Крысы При Шизофрении". Folia Medica 57, № 2 (2015): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2015-0028.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: The maldevelopmental model of schizophrenia postulates pathological alterations in embryonal neurogenesis as the etiopathogenetic basis of schizophrenic psychoses. The neurotrophic factor hypothesis explains these neuropathological abnormalities as the result of alterations of the neurotrophin system caused by different mechanisms such as a genetic, infectious and traumatic factors. The tyrosine-kinase containing receptors trkB and trkC mediate growth-promoting effects of neurotrophins and respond to changes in neurotrophic factors availability. AIM: The aim of the prese

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Reichardt, Louis F. "Neurotrophin-regulated signalling pathways." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1473 (2006): 1545–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1894.

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Neurotrophins are a family of closely related proteins that were identified initially as survival factors for sensory and sympathetic neurons, and have since been shown to control many aspects of survival, development and function of neurons in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems. Each of the four mammalian neurotrophins has been shown to activate one or more of the three members of the tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (TrkA, TrkB and TrkC). In addition, each neurotrophin activates p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), a member of the tumour ne

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Dai, Jie, Maimaitiaili Niyazi, and Jiang Xie. "Tissue Engineering Scaffold Slowly Releasing Neurotrophic Factors to Bridge Long Peripheral Nerve Defect." Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 12, no. 2 (2022): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbt.2022.2909.

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Consistent application of neurotropic factors is necessary in peripheral nerve regeneration, yet challenging to achieve. Here we used a novel neurotropic factor controlled release system consisted of fibrin, fibronectin and hydrogel to slowly release two neurotrophic factors. At the same time, physiological saline and reverse nerve suturing were used as negative and positive control. A year after surgery, animals which were treated by neurotrophic factor slow release system achieved far better neural regeneration and myelination, as well as superior recovery of hindfoot than the negative contr

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Elliott, T., and N. R. Shadbolt. "Competition for Neurotrophic Factors: Mathematical Analysis." Neural Computation 10, no. 8 (1998): 1939–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976698300016927.

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Neurotrophic factors, particularly the neurotrophin gene family of neurotrophic factors, are implicated in activity-dependent anatomical plasticity in the visual cortex and at the neuromuscular junction. Accumulating evidence implicates neurotrophic factors as possible mediators of activity-dependent competition between afferents, leading to the segregation of afferents' arbors on the target space. We present a biologically plausible mathematical model of competition for neurotrophic factors. We show that the model leads to anatomical segregation, provided that the levels of neurotrophic facto

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McKay, Sharen E., Angela L. Purcell, and Thomas J. Carew. "Regulation of Synaptic Function by Neurotrophic Factors in Vertebrates and Invertebrates: Implications for Development and Learning." Learning & Memory 6, no. 3 (1999): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.6.3.193.

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Recent studies have demonstrated that neurotrophic factors contribute to the molecular events involved in synaptic plasticity, both during vertebrate development and in the mature nervous system. Although it is well established that many of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity are conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates, there are, as yet, very few neurotrophic factors identified in invertebrate species. Nonetheless, vertebrate neurotrophins can influence invertebrate neuronal growth and plasticity. In addition, homologs of neurotrophic factor receptors

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Severini, Cinzia. "Neurotrophic Factors in Health and Disease." Cells 12, no. 1 (2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12010047.

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Neurotrophic factors, including neurotrophins and neuropeptides, are secreted proteins that regulate the survival, development, and physiological functions of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems [...]

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Muheremu, Aikeremujiang, Li Shu, Jing Liang, Abudunaibi Aili, and Kan Jiang. "Sustained delivery of neurotrophic factors to treat spinal cord injury." Translational Neuroscience 12, no. 1 (2021): 494–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0200.

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Abstract Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that results in tremendous physical and psychological harm and a series of socioeconomic problems. Although neurons in the spinal cord need neurotrophic factors for their survival and development to reestablish their connections with their original targets, endogenous neurotrophic factors are scarce and the sustainable delivery of exogeneous neurotrophic factors is challenging. The widely studied neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, nerve growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, bas

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Kasai, Masaki, Hidefumi Fukumitsu, Hitomi Soumiya, and Shoei Furukawa. "Ethanol Extract of Chinese Propolis Facilitates Functional Recovery of Locomotor Activity after Spinal Cord Injury." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/749627.

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An ethanol extract of Chinese propolis (EECP) was given intraperitoneally to rats suffering from hemitransection of half of their spinal cord (left side) at the level of the 10th thoracic vertebra to examine the effects of the EECP on the functional recovery of locomotor activity and expression of mRNAs of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and neurotrophic factors in the injury site. Daily administration of EECP after the spinal cord injury ameliorated the locomotor function, which effect was accompanied by a reduced lesion size. Furthermore, the EECP suppressed iNOS gene expression,

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Lindsay, R. M., R. F. Alderson, B. Friedman, et al. "The neurotrophin family of NGF-related neurotrophic factors." Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience 2, no. 4-6 (1991): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/rnn-1991-245608.

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Nilsson, Eric, Gretchen Dole, and Michael K. Skinner. "Neurotrophin NT3 promotes ovarian primordial to primary follicle transition." REPRODUCTION 138, no. 4 (2009): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0179.

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Neurotrophins are growth factors that are known to have a role in promoting cell survival and differentiation. The focus of the current study is to examine the role of neurotrophins in regulating ovarian primordial follicle development. Ovaries from 4-day old rats were placed into organ culture and cultured for 10 days in the absence or presence of neurotrophin-3 (NT3), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), or nerve growth factor (NGF). Treatment of ovaries with NT3 resulted in a significant (P<0.01) increase in primordial follicle development (i.e. primordial to primary follicle transi

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Good, David W., and Thampi George. "Neurotrophin-3 inhibits HCO 3 − absorption via a cAMP-dependent pathway in renal thick ascending limb." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 281, no. 6 (2001): C1804—C1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.6.c1804.

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Neurotrophins are expressed in the adult kidney, but their significance is unclear. We showed previously that nerve growth factor (NGF) inhibits HCO[Formula: see text] absorption in the rat medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) via an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent pathway. Here we examined whether other neurotrophic factors affect MTAL HCO[Formula: see text] absorption. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor had no effect. In contrast, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3, 0.7 nM) inhibited HCO[Formula: see text] absorption by 40% (half-maxima

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42

Austin, Publishing Group. "Investigating the Involvement of Cytokines and Neurotrophic Factors in the Advanced Stages of Huntington's Disease: A BACHD Study." Austin Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease 6, no. 1 (2023): 1034. https://doi.org/10.26420/austinalzheimersjparkinsonsdis.2023.1034.

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Abstract Neuroinflammation seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of Huntington’s Disease (HD), but its specific role on different stages of the disease, especially in later stages, remains to be understood. Here in, we investigated the concentrations of cytokines, chemokines and neurotrophic factors in striatum and frontal cortex of 24-month-old BACHD mice, a murine model of that displays several behavioral and pathological features of human HD. Our results revealed increased concentrations of the chemokine MCP-1 and the neurotrophin NGF in the striatum of BACHD mice alongside a re

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Mitrovic, Marina, Dragica Selakovic, Nemanja Jovicic, Biljana Ljujic, and Gvozden Rosic. "BDNF/proBDNF Interplay in the Mediation of Neuronal Apoptotic Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 10 (2025): 4926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26104926.

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The neurotrophic system includes neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor proBDNF, which play conflicting roles in neuronal survival and apoptosis, with their balance having a significant impact on neurodegenerative outcomes. While BDNF is widely acknowledged as a potent neurotrophin that promotes neuronal survival and differentiation, its precursor, proBDNF, has the opposite effect, promoting apoptosis and neuronal death. This review highlights the new and unique aspects of BDNF/proBDNF interaction in the modulation of neuronal apoptotic pathways in ne

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Gliwińska, Aleksandra, Justyna Czubilińska-Łada, Gniewko Więckiewicz, et al. "The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Diagnosis and Treatment of Epilepsy, Depression, Schizophrenia, Anorexia Nervosa and Alzheimer’s Disease as Highly Drug-Resistant Diseases: A Narrative Review." Brain Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020163.

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the family of neurotrophins, which are growth factors with trophic effects on neurons. BDNF is the most widely distributed neurotrophin in the central nervous system (CNS) and is highly expressed in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Its distribution outside the CNS has also been demonstrated, but most studies have focused on its effects in neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the advances in medicine in recent decades, neurological and psychiatric diseases are still characterized by high drug resistance. This review focuses on the u

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Hassan, Khadija, Blondelle Matio Kemkuignou, Marco Kirchenwitz, et al. "Neurotrophic and Immunomodulatory Lanostane Triterpenoids from Wood-Inhabiting Basidiomycota." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 21 (2022): 13593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113593.

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Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (ngf) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) play important roles in the central nervous system. They are potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we investigated the neurotrophic properties of triterpenes isolated from fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus and a mycelial culture of Antrodia sp. MUCL 56049. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with hi

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Dahlström, Märta, Nather Madjid, Gunnar Nordvall, et al. "Identification of Novel Positive Allosteric Modulators of Neurotrophin Receptors for the Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction." Cells 10, no. 8 (2021): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081871.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and results in severe neurodegeneration and progressive cognitive decline. Neurotrophins are growth factors involved in the development and survival of neurons, but also in underlying mechanisms for memory formation such as hippocampal long-term potentiation. Our aim was to identify small molecules with stimulatory effects on the signaling of two neurotrophins, the nerve growth factor (NGF) and the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). To identify molecules that could potentiate neurotrophin signaling, 25,000 molecules

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WEXLER, ERIC M., OKSANA BERKOVICH, and SCOTT NAWY. "Role of the low-affinity NGF receptor (p75) in survival of retinal bipolar cells." Visual Neuroscience 15, no. 2 (1998): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252389815201x.

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We have examined the role of neurotrophins in promoting survival of mammalian rod bipolar cells (RBC) in culture. Retinas taken from 8- to 10-day-old Long-Evans rats were dissociated and cultured in media supplemented with either nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), or basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). Survival was measured by the number of cells that were immunoreactive for α-, β-, γ-PKC, a bipolar cell-specific marker. Compared to untreated cultures, CNTF had no effect on RBC survival, while NGF

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48

Khadija, Hassan, Matio Kemkuignou Blondelle, Kirchenwitz Marco, et al. "Neurotrophic and Immunomodulatory Lanostane Triterpenoids from Wood-Inhabiting Basidiomycota." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23 (March 26, 2023): 13593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijms232113593.

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Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (ngf) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) play important roles in the central nervous system. They are potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we investigated the neurotrophic properties of triterpenes isolated from fruiting bodies of Laetiporus sulphureus and a mycelial culture of Antrodia sp. MUCL 56049. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combina

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49

Barres, B. A., R. Schmid, M. Sendnter, and M. C. Raff. "Multiple extracellular signals are required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival." Development 118, no. 1 (1993): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.118.1.283.

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We showed previously that oligodendrocytes and their precursors require continuous signalling by protein trophic factors to avoid programmed cell death in culture. Here we show that three classes of such trophic factors promote oligodendrocyte survival in vitro: (1) insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), (2) neurotrophins, particularly neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and (3) ciliary-neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). A single factor, or combinations of factors within the same class, promote only short-term survival of oligodendrocytes and the

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Li, XiaoBo, Min Huang, RenChao Zhao, et al. "Intravenously Delivered Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Bidirectionally Regulate Inflammation and Induce Neurotrophic Effects in Distal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats Within the First 7 Days After Stroke." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 46, no. 5 (2018): 1951–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489384.

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Background/Aims: Neurotrophic effects and immunosuppression are the main therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in stroke treatment. Neurotrophins are produced by graft cells, host neurons, astrocytes, and even microglia/macrophages. Meanwhile, MSCs can increase inflammation if they are not sufficiently induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. We examined whether intravenously transplanted bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) increase inflammation in distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) rats, how long the increased inflammation effect persists for, and what the final therapeuti

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