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1

Rosenbaum, Eilis, Mehrdad Massoudi, and Kaushik Dayal. "Surfactant stabilized bubbles flowing in a Newtonian fluid." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 24, no. 12 (2019): 3823–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519854508.

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Bubbles suspended in a fluid cause the suspension to have different rheological properties than the base fluid. In general, the viscosity of the suspension increases as the volume fraction of the bubbles is increased. A current application, and motivation for this study, is in wellbore cements used for hydrocarbon extraction and carbon sequestration. In these settings, the gas bubbles are dispersed into the cement to reduce the density as well as improve the properties for specific conditions or wellbore issues. In this paper, we use Stokesian dynamics to numerically simulate the behavior of a
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2

De Kee and, D., C. F. Chan Man Fong, and J. Yao. "Bubble Shape in Non-Newtonian Fluids." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 5 (2002): 703–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1480822.

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The study of the behavior of bubbles in complex fluids is of industrial as well as of academic importance. Bubble velocity-volume relations, bubble shapes, as well as viscous, elastic, and surfactant effects play a role in bubble dynamics. In this note we extend the analysis of Richardson to a non-Newtonian fluid.
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3

Kontaxi, Georgia, Yorgos G. Stergiou, and Aikaterini A. Mouza. "Experimental Study of Bubble Formation from a Micro-Tube in Non-Newtonian Fluid." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010071.

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Over the last few years, microbubbles have found application in biomedicine. In this study, the characteristics of bubbles formed when air is introduced from a micro-tube (internal diameter 110 μm) in non-Newtonian shear thinning fluids are studied. The dependence of the release time and the size of the bubbles on the gas phase rate and liquid phase properties is investigated. The geometrical characteristics of the bubbles are also compared with those formed in Newtonian fluids with similar physical properties. It was found that the final diameter of the bubbles increases by increasing the gas
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4

Kontaxi, Georgia, Yorgos G. Stergiou, and Aikaterini A. Mouza. "Experimental Study of Bubble Formation from a Micro-Tube in Non-Newtonian Fluid." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010071.

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Over the last few years, microbubbles have found application in biomedicine. In this study, the characteristics of bubbles formed when air is introduced from a micro-tube (internal diameter 110 μm) in non-Newtonian shear thinning fluids are studied. The dependence of the release time and the size of the bubbles on the gas phase rate and liquid phase properties is investigated. The geometrical characteristics of the bubbles are also compared with those formed in Newtonian fluids with similar physical properties. It was found that the final diameter of the bubbles increases by increasing the gas
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5

Long, Li. "Simulation analysis of bubble coalescence behavior characteristics in Newtonian fluids based on the phase field method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2707, no. 1 (2024): 012123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2707/1/012123.

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Abstract Gas-liquid two-phase flow is widely used in various fields of chemical production because of its stability. The bubble coalescence behavior significantly impacts bubbles’ size, shape, and movement. These parameters are essential for interphase mass, heat transfer processes, and equipment performance. This paper presents a simulation study of the bubble coalescence behavior of Newtonian fluids using the phase field method through simulation software. The relative location of bubbles were divided into three types: vertical, parallel and random; and also the distribution of bubbles can b
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6

Shan, Jie, and Xiaojun Zhou. "The Effect of Bubbles on Particle Migration in Non-Newtonian Fluids." Separations 8, no. 4 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8040036.

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The movement of the gas–liquid interface caused by the movement of the bubble position will have an impact on the starting conditions for particle migration. This article quantifies the influence of moving bubbles on the starting conditions of particle migration in non-Newtonian fluids, and it aims to better understand the influence of bubbles moving in non-Newtonian fluids on particle migration to achieve more effective control. First, the forces and moments acting on the particles are analyzed; then, fluid dynamics, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, extended DLVO (Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbe
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7

Long, Li. "Simulation analysis of bubble coalescence behavior characteristics in non-Newtonian fluids based on the phase field method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2707, no. 1 (2024): 012132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2707/1/012132.

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Abstract Gas-liquid two-phase flow is widely used in various fields of chemical production because of its stability. The bubble coalescence behavior has a significant impact on the size, shape and movement of bubbles. These parameters are important parameters for affecting the interphase mass and heat transfer processes and equipment performance. This paper presents a simulation study of the bubble coalescence behavior of non-Newtonian fluids using the phase field method through simulation software. The relative location of bubbles were divided into three types: vertical, parallel and random;
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8

Aquino, Andrea, Davide Picchi, and Pietro Poesio. "Modeling the motion of a Taylor bubble in a microchannel through a shear-thinning fluid." E3S Web of Conferences 312 (2021): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131205006.

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Applications of multiphase flows in microchannels as chemical and biological reactors and cooling systems for microelectronic devices typically present liquid slugs alternated with bubbles of elongated shape, the Taylor bubbles. These occupy almost entirely the cross-section of the channel and present a hemispherical front and a liquid layer, the lubrication film, which separates the gas from the tube wall. The Taylor bubble perturbs the surrounding fluids activating many transport mechanisms in the proximity of the gas-liquid interface; therefore, the bubble motion significantly influences th
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9

Islam, Md Tariqul, P. Ganesan, and Ji Cheng. "A pair of bubbles’ rising dynamics in a xanthan gum solution: a CFD study." RSC Advances 5, no. 11 (2015): 7819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra15728a.

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The motion and interaction of a bubble pair in a non-Newtonian fluid are numerically simulated by a volume of fluid method. The effects of initial horizontal bubble interval, oblique alignment and fluid rheological properties on the pair of rising bubbles are evaluated.
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10

Almani, Sikandar, Muhammad Raheel Bawani, Ubedullah Ansari, Masroor Abro, Mashad Hussain, and Ali Abbas. "Design and fabrication of an indigenous confined bubble column: Investigation of single bubble ascent." Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology 44, no. 2 (2025): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.0053.

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In Chemical Process Industries (CPIs) like petrochemicals, biochemicals, and pharmaceuticals, gas-liquid interactions are crucial. Bubble columns are preferred for their low maintenance, absence of moving parts, and efficient mass transfer and mixing. Liquid phases in such systems often shift from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior, as seen in materials like molasses, cooking oil, and microalgae, affecting hydrodynamic parameters like gas holdup, mixing time and mass transfer. This study investigated single-bubble dynamics using an Indigenous confined bubble column (6 × 240 × 1140 mm³) in wat
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11

Truby, J. M., S. P. Mueller, E. W. Llewellin, and H. M. Mader. "The rheology of three-phase suspensions at low bubble capillary number." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 471, no. 2173 (2015): 20140557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0557.

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We develop a model for the rheology of a three-phase suspension of bubbles and particles in a Newtonian liquid undergoing steady flow. We adopt an ‘effective-medium’ approach in which the bubbly liquid is treated as a continuous medium which suspends the particles. The resulting three-phase model combines separate two-phase models for bubble suspension rheology and particle suspension rheology, which are taken from the literature. The model is validated against new experimental data for three-phase suspensions of bubbles and spherical particles, collected in the low bubble capillary number reg
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12

Zhao, Xinxin, Xiangzhen Yan, Hongwei Jiang, et al. "Simulation Analysis of Gas Bubble Formation and Escape in Non-Newtonian Drilling Fluids." Geofluids 2021 (April 9, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6680653.

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In this study, the formation and escape movements of a bubble injected in non-Newtonian drilling fluid through a pore were numerically simulated using a volume of fluid method. The pattern of a single bubble and the pressure and velocity fields of the surrounding liquid phase during the bubble formation were analyzed and compared with experimental results; based on the comparison, the formation and escape properties of the bubble were further studied. In particular, the effects of static shear force, consistency coefficient, and flow behavior index on the growth and escape time of the bubble w
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13

Fakhari, Ahmad, and Célio Fernandes. "Single-Bubble Rising in Shear-Thinning and Elastoviscoplastic Fluids Using a Geometric Volume of Fluid Algorithm." Polymers 15, no. 16 (2023): 3437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15163437.

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The motion of air bubbles within a liquid plays a crucial role in various aspects including heat transfer and material quality. In the context of non-Newtonian fluids, such as elastoviscoplastic fluids, the presence of air bubbles significantly influences the viscosity of the liquid. This study presents the development of an interface-capturing method for multiphase viscoelastic fluid flow simulations. The proposed algorithm utilizes a geometric volume of fluid (isoAdvector) approach and incorporates a reconstructed distance function (RDF) to determine interface curvature instead of relying on
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14

Moreira, Ana I., Luís A. M. Rocha, João Carneiro, José D. P. Araújo, João B. L. M. Campos, and João M. Miranda. "Isolated Taylor Bubbles in Co-Current with Shear Thinning CMC Solutions in Microchannels—A Numerical Study." Processes 8, no. 2 (2020): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8020242.

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Slug flow is a multiphase flow pattern characterized by the occurrence of long gas bubbles (Taylor bubbles) separated by liquid slugs. This multiphase flow regime is present in many and diversified natural and industrial processes, at macro and microscales, such as in eruption of volcanic magmas, oil recovery from pre-salt regions, micro heat exchangers, and small-sized refrigerating systems. Previous studies in the literature have been mostly focused on tubular gas bubbles flowing in Newtonian liquids. In this work, results from several numerical simulations of tubular gas bubbles flowing in
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15

Hersey, Eric, Mauro Rodriguez, and Eric Johnsen. "Dynamics of an oscillating microbubble in a blood-like Carreau fluid." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3 (2023): 1836–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0017342.

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A numerical model for cavitation in blood is developed based on the Keller–Miksis equation for spherical bubble dynamics with the Carreau model to represent the non-Newtonian behavior of blood. Three different pressure waveforms driving the bubble oscillations are considered: a single-cycle Gaussian waveform causing free growth and collapse, a sinusoidal waveform continuously driving the bubble, and a multi-cycle pulse relevant to contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Parameters in the Carreau model are fit to experimental measurements of blood viscosity. In the Carreau model, the relaxation time cons
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16

PILLAPAKKAM, SHRIRAM B., PUSHPENDRA SINGH, DENIS BLACKMORE, and NADINE AUBRY. "Transient and steady state of a rising bubble in a viscoelastic fluid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 589 (October 8, 2007): 215–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007007628.

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A finite element code based on the level-set method is used to perform direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the transient and steady-state motion of bubbles rising in a viscoelastic liquid modelled by the Oldroyd-B constitutive equation. The role of the governing dimensionless parameters, the capillary number (Ca), the Deborah number (De) and the polymer concentration parameter c, in both the rising speed and the deformation of the bubbles is studied. Simulations show that there exists a critical bubble volume at which there is a sharp increase in the terminal velocity with increasing bubble
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17

Araújo, J. D. P., J. M. Miranda, and J. B. L. M. Campos. "CFD Study of the Hydrodynamics of Slug Flow Systems: Interaction between Consecutive Taylor Bubbles." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 13, no. 4 (2015): 541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2014-0161.

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Abstract Slug flow is one of the most frequently occurring multiphase flow patterns in industrial processes. A deep knowledge of its fundamentals is necessary to accurately model not only the fluid flow but also reaction and heat and mass transfer in several operation units. A numerical study is reported on the dynamics of slug flow, under laminar regime, in vertical columns of stagnant and co-current Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids (shear-thickening and shear-thinning). A CFD package (Ansys FLUENT) with the VOF methodology was applied to simulate the flow of individual and pairs of consec
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18

Mitrou, Stamatina, Simona Migliozzi, Luca Mazzei, and Panagiota Angeli. "On the linear viscoelastic behavior of semidilute polydisperse bubble suspensions in Newtonian media." Journal of Rheology 68, no. 4 (2024): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000745.

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In this work, we investigated the linear viscoelasticity of semidilute polydisperse bubble suspensions via small amplitude oscillatory shear (SAOS) tests performed in a rheo-optical setup. For all tested suspensions, the measured viscoelastic moduli (G′, G″) aligned with the theoretical predictions of the Jeffreys model for average dynamic capillary numbers (⟨Cd⟩) greater than unity. But at lower ⟨Cd⟩ values, experimental G′ values exceeded theoretical predictions. To investigate this, we considered the effects of suspension polydispersity and various SAOS measurement artifacts, including bubb
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19

Liu, Yaxin, Eric R. Upchurch, and Evren M. Ozbayoglu. "Experimental Study of Single Taylor Bubble Rising in Stagnant and Downward Flowing Non-Newtonian Fluids in Inclined Pipes." Energies 14, no. 3 (2021): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030578.

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An experimental investigation of single Taylor bubbles rising in stagnant and downward flowing non-Newtonian fluids was carried out in an 80 ft long inclined pipe (4°, 15°, 30°, 45° from vertical) of 6 in. inner diameter. Water and four concentrations of bentonite–water mixtures were applied as the liquid phase, with Reynolds numbers in the range 118 < Re < 105,227 in countercurrent flow conditions. The velocity and length of Taylor bubbles were determined by differential pressure measurements. The experimental results indicate that for all fluids tested, the bubble velocity increases as
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20

Bräuer, Felix, Elias Trautner, Josef Hasslberger, Paolo Cifani, and Markus Klein. "Turbulent Bubble-Laden Channel Flow of Power-Law Fluids: A Direct Numerical Simulation Study." Fluids 6, no. 1 (2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6010040.

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The influence of non-Newtonian fluid behavior on the flow statistics of turbulent bubble-laden downflow in a vertical channel is investigated. A Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) study is conducted for power-law fluids with power-law indexes of 0.7 (shear-thinning), 1 (Newtonian) and 1.3 (shear-thickening) in the liquid phase at a gas volume fraction of 6%. The flow is driven downward by a constant volumetric flow rate corresponding to a friction Reynolds number of Reτ≈127.3. The Eötvös number is varied between Eo=0.3125 and Eo=3.75 in order to investigate the influence of quasi-spherical as w
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21

Yoshida, Masanori, Hitoshi Igarashi, Kento Iwasaki, Sayaka Fuse, and Aya Togashi. "Evaluation of Viscosity of Non-Newtonian Liquid Foods with a Flow Tube Instrument." International Journal of Food Engineering 11, no. 6 (2015): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0138.

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Abstract In a flow tube instrument modeled after a structurally simple and easy-to-use bubble viscometer, bubble ascent and liquid flow were examined to evaluate the physically defined viscosity of non-Newtonian liquid foods. For Newtonian and non-Newtonian test liquids, a dimensionless expression between the friction coefficient and Reynolds number, which was derived through analysis as an annular flow of liquid around bubble, indicated that the flow in the instrument was laminar. Prediction organized based on the empirical relation was advanced for evaluation of the non-Newtonian viscosity.
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22

Wang, Tao, Jian Hua Zhang, Yi Zhang, and Xiu Hua Ren. "Optimization of Bubble Amount in Resin Mineral Composite Based Vacuum Pouring Procedure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.60.

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With good vibration alleviating property, resin mineral composite has been used to produce main components of machine tools to satisfy the requirements of machining efficiency. Bubble in RMC is one of the key influences on compression strength, its amount and distribution determines the overall mechanical properties of the composite directly. In this article, bubble nucleation and free energy theory are used to explain the generation mechanism of bubbles by subdividing them into two parts, bubbles generated in granite and bubbles generated in resin. Mechanical model of single raised bubble in
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23

Yao, Shun, Yichong Chen, Yijie Ling, Dongdong Hu, Zhenhao Xi, and Ling Zhao. "Analysis of Bubble Growth in Supercritical CO2 Extrusion Foaming Polyethylene Terephthalate Process Based on Dynamic Flow Simulation." Polymers 13, no. 16 (2021): 2799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162799.

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Bubble growth in the polymer extrusion foaming process occurs under a dynamic melt flow. For non-Newtonian fluids, this work successfully coupled the dynamic melt flow simulation with the bubble growth model to realize bubble growth predictions in an extrusion flow. The initial thermophysical properties and dynamic rheological property distribution at the cross section of the die exit were calculated based on the finite element method. It was found that dynamic rheological properties provided a necessary solution for predicting bubble growth during the supercritical CO2 polyethylene terephthal
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24

Mitrou, Stamatina, Simona Migliozzi, Panagiota Angeli, and Luca Mazzei. "Effect of polydispersity and bubble clustering on the steady shear viscosity of semidilute bubble suspensions in Newtonian media." Journal of Rheology 67, no. 3 (2023): 635–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000585.

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In this work, we examine the steady shear rheology of semidilute polydisperse bubble suspensions to elucidate the role of polydispersity on the viscosity of these systems. We prove theoretically that the effect of polydispersity on suspension viscosity becomes apparent only if the bubble size distribution is bimodal, with very small and very large bubbles having similar volume fractions. In any other case, we can consider the polydisperse suspension as monodisperse, with the average bubble diameter equal to the De Brouckere mean diameter ([Formula: see text]). To confirm the theoretical result
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25

Hariri, Amirhossein, Mohammad T. Shervani-Tabar, and Rezayat Parvizi. "Laser-Produced Cavitation Bubble Behavior in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Liquid Inside a Rigid Cylinder: Numerical Study of Liquid Disc Microjet Impact Using OpenFOAM." Micromachines 14, no. 7 (2023): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14071416.

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This study employs OpenFOAM to analyze the behavior of a single laser-produced cavitation bubble in a Newtonian/non-Newtonian fluid inside a rigid cylinder. This research aimed to numerically calculate the impact of liquid disc microjet resulting from the growth and collapse of the laser-produced bubble to the cylinder wall to take advantage of the cavitation phenomenon in various industrial and medical applications, such as modeling how to remove calcification lesions in coronary arteries. In addition, by introducing the main study cases in which a single bubble with different initial conditi
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26

Jia, Zheng, Mingjun Pang, and Ruipeng Niu. "Numerical Investigation on Effect of Bubbles Arrangement and Volume Fraction on Apparent Viscosity of Bubbly Suspensions." Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) 16, no. 4 (2023): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0124055204268474230922054143.

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Background:: Bubbly suspensions can be often run into in natural and industrial processes. The addition of bubbles with different sizes can lead to a significant change in the rheological properties of a matrix liquid. It is extremely significant to fully understand the rheological properties of bubbly suspensions for improving process efficiencies and optimizing productive processes. background: Bubbly suspensions can be often run into in natural and industrial processes. The addition of bubbles of different sizes can greatly change the rheological properties of matrix liquid. It is extremely
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27

ALEXANDROU, A. N., V. M. ENTOV, S. S. KOLGANOV, and N. V. KOLGANOVA. "On bubble rising in a Hele–Shaw cell filled with a non-Newtonian fluid." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 15, no. 3 (2004): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792504005509.

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The problem of a bubble rising due to buoyancy in a Hele–Shaw cell filled with a viscous fluid is a classical free-boundary problem first posed and solved by Saffman & Taylor [11]. In fact, due to linearity of the flow equations the problem is reduced to that of a bubble transported by uniform fluid flow. Saffman and Taylor provided explicit expressions for the bubble shape. Steady propagation of bubbles and fingers in a Hele–Shaw cell filled with a nonlinearly-viscous fluid was studied by Alexandrou & Entov [1]. In Alexandrou & Entov [1], it was shown that for a nonlinearly viscou
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28

Vélez-Cordero, J. Rodrigo, Johanna Lantenet, Juan Hernández-Cordero, and Roberto Zenit. "Compact bubble clusters in Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids." Physics of Fluids 26, no. 5 (2014): 053101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4874630.

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29

Favelukis, Moshe, and Ramon J. Albalak. "Bubble growth in viscous newtonian and non-newtonian liquids." Chemical Engineering Journal and the Biochemical Engineering Journal 63, no. 3 (1996): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-0467(96)03119-3.

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30

Jiang, Xiao F., Chunying Zhu, and Huai Z. Li. "Bubble pinch-off in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids." Chemical Engineering Science 170 (October 2017): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2016.12.057.

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31

Fan, Wenyuan, and Xiaohong Yin. "Bubble formation in shear-thinning fluids: Laser image measurement and a novel correlation for detached volume." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 23, no. 3 (2017): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq151019045f.

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A laser image system has been established to quantify the characteristics of growing bubbles in quiescent shear-thinning fluids. Bubble formation mechanism was investigated by comparing the evolutions of bubble instantaneous shape, volume and surface area in two shear-thinning liquids with those in Newtonian liquid. The effects of solution mass concentration, gas chamber volume and orifice diameter on bubble detachment volume are discussed. By dimensional analysis, a single bubble volume detached within a moderate gas flowrate range was developed as a function of Reynolds number ,Re, Weber num
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32

Morshed, Munzarin, Muhammad Saad Khan, Mohammad Azizur Rahman, and Syed Imtiaz. "Flow Regime, Slug Frequency and Wavelet Analysis of Air/Newtonian and Air/non-Newtonian Two-Phase Flow." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 3272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093272.

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This study focused on gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian two-phase horizontal fluid flow behavior by analyzing their flow regime identification and flow structural analysis on a horizontal flow loop apparatus. This involved the recognition of two-phase flow regimes for this flow loop and validation with existing flow maps in the literature. In addition, the study included flow pattern identification via wavelet analysis for gas/Newtonian and gas/non-Newtonian two-phase fluid flow in a horizontal flow loop apparatus. Furthermore, the study was extended to the detailed examination of slug frequ
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33

Allen, John, and Ronald A. Roy. "Bubble dynamics in non‐Newtonian fluids." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 5 (1998): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.422486.

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34

Muljani, Srie, Heru Setyawan, and Reva Edra Nugraha. "Bubble formation phenomenon on the absorber column for CO2 absorption and to produce precipitated silica sodium carbonate." RSC Advances 13, no. 47 (2023): 33471–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05860c.

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CO2 absorption using sodium silicate aqueous solution in a bubble column has been studied. Sodium silicate aqueous solutions are classified as non-Newtonian fluids that can affect the bubble distribution.
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35

Shen, Zhongxiang, Ming Gao, Wuhan Dong, and Lixin Zhang. "Comparative experimental study on dynamic characteristics of bubble microlayers in small channel flow boiling and pool boiling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2280, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2280/1/012036.

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Abstract The microlayer present at the bottom of the bubble plays a very important role in heat transfer during nucleation boiling. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of microlayer at the bottom of boiling bubble in a small channel were studied by laser interferometry method and high speed camera, and the results were compared with pool boiling experiments. The results show that the bubbles have an obvious tendency to slip in the flow boiling. The microlayer interference fringe is deformed and no longer a complete Newtonian ring. By analyzing the thickness distribution of microlayer in
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36

Shen, Zhongxiang, Ming Gao, Wuhan Dong, and Lixin Zhang. "Comparative experimental study on dynamic characteristics of bubble microlayers in small channel flow boiling and pool boiling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2280, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2280/1/012036.

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Abstract The microlayer present at the bottom of the bubble plays a very important role in heat transfer during nucleation boiling. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of microlayer at the bottom of boiling bubble in a small channel were studied by laser interferometry method and high speed camera, and the results were compared with pool boiling experiments. The results show that the bubbles have an obvious tendency to slip in the flow boiling. The microlayer interference fringe is deformed and no longer a complete Newtonian ring. By analyzing the thickness distribution of microlayer in
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37

Li, H. Z., Y. Mouline, L. Choplin, and N. Midoux. "Chaotic bubble coalescence in non-Newtonian fluids." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 23, no. 4 (1997): 713–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(97)00004-9.

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38

Brujan, Emil-Alexandru. "Cavitation bubble dynamics in non-Newtonian fluids." Polymer Engineering & Science 49, no. 3 (2008): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.21292.

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39

Rodrigue, Denis, Daniel De Kee, and C. F. Chan Man Fong. "Bubble drag in contaminated non-newtonian solutions." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 75, no. 4 (1997): 794–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450750418.

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40

Chen, Zai Liang, and Tian Qi Huang. "Mathematical Model of Bubble Dissolution Process in Polymer Melt." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 1251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.1251.

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In this paper, a mathematical model of the process of bubble dissolution is built .In this model , the DeWitt constitutive equation reflect is used, it can reflect the performance of non-Newtonian fluid and calculation is relatively simple. The model was solved by finite difference method, and the results show that the initial bubble radius and the outside pressure is the main factor affecting the bubble dissolution.
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41

Kawase, Y., and M. Moo-Young. "Liquid phase mixing in bubble columns with Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids." Chemical Engineering Science 41, no. 8 (1986): 1969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(86)87113-5.

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42

Fan, Wen Yuan, and Xiao Hong Yin. "Fractal Approach to Bubble Rising Dynamics in Non-Newtonian Fluids." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.559.

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The Laser Doppler anemometry was employed to determine quantitatively the liquid velocity induced by the successive rising of single bubble in non-Newtonian carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) aqueous solutions under various experimental conditions of mass concentration solutions, measures heights and gas flow rate. The features of liquid motion in the region of bubble rising channel were investigated by analysis the liquid velocity pulsation using fractal theory. The results show that the liquid motion in the channel zone of bubble rise has a special feature of double fraction, and shows strong posi
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43

HAQUE, M. W., K. D. P. NIGAM, K. VISWANATHAN, and J. B. JOSHI. "STUDIES ON BUBBLE RISE VELOCITY IN BUBBLE COLUMNS EMPLOYING NON-NEWTONIAN SOLUTIONS." Chemical Engineering Communications 73, no. 1 (1988): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986448808940431.

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44

ALEXANDROU, ANDREAS N., and VLADIMIR ENTOV. "On the steady-state advancement of fingers and bubbles in a Hele–Shaw cell filled by a non-Newtonian fluid." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 8, no. 1 (1997): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792596002963.

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The problem of steady-state propagation of a finger or a bubble of inviscid fluid through a Hele–Shaw cell filled by a viscous non-Newtonian, including visco-plastic (Bingham) fluid is addressed. Only flows symmetric relative to the cell axis are considered. It is shown that, using a hodograph transform, this non-linear free boundary problem can be reduced to the solution of an elliptic system of linear partial differential equations in a fixed domain with part of the boundary being curvilinear. The resulting boundary-value problem is solved numerically using the Finite Element Method. Finger
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45

TSAMOPOULOS, J., Y. DIMAKOPOULOS, N. CHATZIDAI, G. KARAPETSAS, and M. PAVLIDIS. "Steady bubble rise and deformation in Newtonian and viscoplastic fluids and conditions for bubble entrapment." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 601 (April 25, 2008): 123–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112008000517.

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We examine the buoyancy-driven rise of a bubble in a Newtonian or a viscoplastic fluid assuming axial symmetry and steady flow. Bubble pressure and rise velocity are determined, respectively, by requiring that its volume remains constant and its centre of mass remains fixed at the centre of the coordinate system. The continuous constitutive model suggested by Papanastasiou is used to describe the viscoplastic behaviour of the material. The flow equations are solved numerically using the mixed finite-element/Galerkin method. The nodal points of the computational mesh are determined by solving a
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46

Clark, Nigel N., Rory L. C. Flemmer, and Jan W. Van Egmond. "Non-newtonian two-phase circulation in bubble columns." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 67, no. 5 (1989): 862–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450670520.

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47

Frank, Xavier, Huai Z. Li, Denis Funfschilling, Florence Burdin, and Youguang Ma. "Bubble Motion in Non-Newtonian Fluids and Suspensions." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 81, no. 3-4 (2008): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450810321.

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48

Kumar Jana, Sumit, and Sudip Kumar Das. "TAPERED BUBBLE COLUMN USING PSEUDOPLASTIC NON-NEWTONIAN LIQUIDS – EMPIRICAL CORRELATION FOR PRESSURE DROP." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 11, no. 3 (2017): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht11.03.327.

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49

Yamamoto, Takehiro, Takanori Suga, Kiyoji Nakamura, and Noriyasu Mori. "The Gas Penetration Through Viscoelastic Fluids With Shear-Thinning Viscosity in a Tube." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 2 (2004): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1669402.

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The penetration of a long gas bubble through a viscoelastic fluid in a tube was studied. Experiments were carried out for two Newtonian and five polymeric solutions to investigate the relation between the coating film thickness and rheological properties of the test fluids. The polymeric solutions are viscoelastic fluids having shear-thinning viscosity. A bubble of air was injected into a tube filled with a test fluid to form hydrodynamic coating on a tube wall. The film thickness was evaluated by hydrodynamic fractional coverage m. The fractional coverage was characterized using the capillary
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50

Kwak, Ho-Young. "Entropy Generation Due to the Heat Transfer for Evolving Spherical Objects." Entropy 20, no. 8 (2018): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20080562.

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Heat transfer accompanying entropy generation for the evolving mini and microbubbles in solution is discussed based on the explicit solutions for the hydrodynamic equations related to the bubble motion. Even though the pressure difference between the gas inside the bubble and liquid outside the bubble is a major driving force for bubble evolution, the heat transfer by conduction at the bubble-liquid interface affects the delicate evolution of the bubble, especially for sonoluminescing the gas bubble in sulfuric acid solution. On the other hand, our explicit solutions for the continuity, Euler
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