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Journal articles on the topic 'Nitrogen Heterocyclest'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Rusu, Aura, Ioana-Maria Moga, Livia Uncu, and Gabriel Hancu. "The Role of Five-Membered Heterocycles in the Molecular Structure of Antibacterial Drugs Used in Therapy." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 11 (2023): 2554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15112554.

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Five-membered heterocycles are essential structural components in various antibacterial drugs; the physicochemical properties of a five-membered heterocycle can play a crucial role in determining the biological activity of an antibacterial drug. These properties can affect the drug’s activity spectrum, potency, and pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties. Using scientific databases, we identified and discussed the antibacterials used in therapy, containing five-membered heterocycles in their molecular structure. The identified five-membered heterocycles used in antibacterial design contai

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2

Xia, Xiao-Feng, та Yan-Ning Niu. "Recent developments in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles from β-aminovinyl esters/ketones as CC–N donors". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 20, № 2 (2022): 282–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ob01998h.

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3

Zhu, Yannan, and You Huang. "Organocatalyzed [3+3] Annulations for the Construction of Heterocycles." Synthesis 52, no. 08 (2020): 1181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690810.

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Six-membered heterocyclic systems are widely distributed in many natural products and pharmaceuticals, and the construction of highly functionalized six-membered heterocyclic compounds is an important topic in modern organic synthesis. Organocatalyzed [3+3] annulations represents an important method for assembling a substantial variety of six-membered cycles that contain one or more heteroatoms. This review describes the development of organocatalyzed [3+3] annulations for the synthesis of six-membered heterocycles, including organocatalysis using secondary amines, tertiary amines, phosphines,

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4

JAG, MOHAN, VERMA PRATIMA, and KUMAR VINEET. "Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles: Facile Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Thiazolo[ 3,2,b ]-s-tetrazines and Pyrazolo[ 3',4':4,5] thiazoIo[3,2-b ]-s-tetrazines." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 69, Oct 1992 (1992): 693–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6023015.

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Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayananda University, Rohtak-124 001 <em>Manuscript received 19 September 1991, revised 30 June 1992, accepted 16 July 1992</em> Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles: Facile Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Thiazolo[ 3,2,b ]-s-tetrazines and Pyrazolo[ 3',4':4,5] thiazoIo[3,2-b ]-s-tetrazines

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5

Pravinsing, S. Girase1 Bhikan J. Khairnar1 &. Bhata R. Chaudhari1 *2. "RECENT ADVANCES IN SYNTHESIS OF 2H-INDAZOLE FROM 2-SUBSTITUTED BENZALDEHYDE: A REVIEW." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES 6, no. 6 (2019): 178–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3262348.

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Several compounds has more than one nitrogen contained bicyclic heterocycles were important structural motifs found in numerous natural products and bioactive molecules. In recent years, the synthesis of bicyclic compounds possessing imidazole heterocycle as central core has been the focus of great interest. They are associated with diversified biological activities

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6

Yang, Ke, Zhi Li, Qingyue Hu, et al. "Recent Strategies in Nickel-Catalyzed C–H Bond Functionalization for Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles." Catalysts 12, no. 10 (2022): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101163.

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N-heterocycles are ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, organic materials, and numerous functional molecules. Among the current synthetic approaches, transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization has gained considerable attention in recent years due to its advantages of simplicity, high atomic economy, and the ready availability of starting materials. In the field of N-heterocycle synthesis via C–H functionalization, nickel has been recognized as one of the most important catalysts. In this review, we will introduce nickel-catalyzed intramolecular and intermolecular pathways for

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7

Arisawa, Mitsuhiro, Shohei Ohno, Makoto Miyoshi та Kenichi Murai. "Non-Directed β- or γ-C(sp3)–H Functionalization of Saturated Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles". Synthesis 53, № 17 (2021): 2947–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1483-4575.

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AbstractReactions that take place via C–H functionalization are valuable tools in organic synthesis because they can be used for the synthesis of target compounds and for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive compounds. Among these, non-directed C(sp3)–H functionalization reactions of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles have been developed in recent years. However, most of these lead to functionalization at the α-position relative to the heteroatom, and reactions at the β- or γ-positions are limited since these bonds are stronger and less electron-rich. Hence, in this review, we

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8

Trofimov, Boris A., and Anastasiya G. Mal’kina. "Cyanoacetylenic Alcohols: Molecules of Interstellar Relevance in the Synthesis of Essential Heterocycles, Amino Acids, Nucleobases and Nucleosides." Synthesis 53, no. 16 (2021): 2740–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1493-6840.

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AbstractCyanoacetylenic alcohols, R1R2C(OH)C≡C–CN, the closest derivatives of cyanoacetylene, an abundant interstellar molecule, are now becoming important compounds in the area of modern organic synthesis that tends to mimic Nature. The presence of highly reactive C≡C and C≡N bonds in close proximity to a hydroxy group endows cyanoacetylenic alcohols with a chemical trinity of mutually influencing functions, leading to a myriad number of chemical transformations. All reactions of cyanoacetylenic alcohols parallel modern organic synthesis, whilst being biomimetic. To react, they do not need tr

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9

Rusu, Aura, Octavia-Laura Oancea, Corneliu Tanase, and Livia Uncu. "Unlocking the Potential of Pyrrole: Recent Advances in New Pyrrole-Containing Compounds with Antibacterial Potential." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 23 (2024): 12873. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312873.

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Nitrogen heterocycles are valuable structural elements in the molecules of antibacterial drugs approved and used to treat bacterial infections. Pyrrole is a five-atom heterocycle found in many natural compounds with biological activity, including antibacterial activity. Numerous compounds are being develop based on the pyrrole heterocycle as new potential antibacterial drugs. Due to the phenomenon of antibacterial resistance, there is a continuous need to create new effective antibacterials. In the scientific literature, we have identified the most relevant studies that aim to develop new comp

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10

P., S. FERNANDES, and M. SONAR T. "Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Synthesis and various Reactions of 5-(2-Morpholinoquinoxaline-3-yl)- 4-amino-3-mercapto-4H-1 ,2,4-triazole." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 65, Jan 1988 (1988): 49–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6024042.

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N. S. Research Laboratories, St. Xavier's College, Bomb&y-4.00 001 <em>Manuscript received 27 July 1987, revised 21 September 1981, accepted 2 December 1981</em> 4-Amino-3-mercapto-5-(2-morpholinoquinoxalin- 3-yl)- 4<em>H</em>-1,2,4-triazole (1), prepared by treating 2-morpholinoqufnoxaline-3-acid hydrazide successively with CS, -KOH and NH<sub>2 </sub>NH<sub>2</sub>, gives the nitrogen bridge head fused heterocycles 2, 3, 4 and 6 on reacting with CS<sub>2</sub> RCOOH, PhCONCS and PhCOCH<sub>2</sub>Br, respectively.

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11

Alegbejo Price, Temitayo Omowumi, Flavio da Silva Emery, and Wim Dehaen. "Synthetic Pathways to Pyrido[3,4-c]pyridazines and Their Polycyclic Derivatives." Organics 3, no. 4 (2022): 430–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/org3040028.

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Pyrido[3,4-c]pyridazines are nitrogen-containing scaffolds that have been described as being promising in medicinal chemistry, but they are rather rare chemicals. In this review article, the literature on synthetic pathways towards pyrido[3,4-c]pyridazines is listed exhaustively, first with the bicyclic systems themselves that are obtained starting either from pyridines, pyridazines or other heterocycles. Then, the reports on the related tricyclic derivatives are discussed, again according to the source heterocycle, and finally we mention some examples on polycyclic systems.

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12

Avhad, Datta, Alpana Asnani, Shrikant Mohurle, Pratyush Kumar, Abhibnav Bais, and Ruchita Tale. "Review on synthetic study of benzotriazole." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2020): 215–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4274541.

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Benzotriazole is nitrogen containing heterocycle derivative containing three nitrogen atoms at 1st, 2nd, 3 rd positions. Lone pairs of each nitrogen atom are present in unshared form. The unshared lone pair of electrons enables five-membered ring to exhibit that can exist in tautomeric forms. Benzotriazole belongs to a fused heterocycles, which has a benzene ring fused with with a traizole ring. Benzotriazole and its derivatives have great significance in medicinal chemistry. The derivatives are used by several chemists for therapeutic conditions. The current paper concise several synthetic me

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13

van Maarseveen, Jan H. "Solid Phase Synthesis of Heterocycles by Cyclization/Cleavage Methodologiest." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 1, no. 4 (1997): 185–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207301666220125213031.

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For the solid phase preparation of various (pharmacologically important) heterocycles, cyclization/cleavage (C/C) or cyclorelease strategies proved to be superior. CC approaches take utmost advantage of the benefits of sol)d phase synthesis. Besides the practical benefits of solid phase reactions, cyclative release approaches are distinguished especially because of the generally found high purity of the final detached products, since only the anticipated structures cleave off the resin. Also cyclization/cleavage strategies are "traceless", as the obtained moiety after cyclization is part of th

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14

Cankařová, Naděžda, and Viktor Krchňák. "Regioselective Cyclic Iminium Formation of Ugi Advanced Intermediates: Rapid Access to 3,4-Dihydropyrazin-2(1H)-ones and Other Diverse Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles." Molecules 28, no. 7 (2023): 3062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073062.

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Herein, advanced intermediates were synthesized through Ugi four-component reactions of isocyanides, aldehydes, masked amino aldehyde, and carboxylic acids, including N-protected amino acids. The presence of a masked aldehyde enabled acid-mediated deprotection and subsequent cyclization via the carbonyl carbon and the amide nitrogen. Utilizing N-protected amino acid as a carboxylic acid component, Ugi intermediates could be cyclized from two possible directions to target 3,4-dihydropyrazin-2(1H)-ones. Cyclization to the amino terminus (westbound) and to the carboxyl terminus (eastbound) was de

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15

Smetanin, N. V., S. A. Varenichenko, A. V. Kharchenko, O. K. Farat, and V. I. Markov. "Synthesis of new substituted pyridines via Vilsmeier-Haack reagent." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 1 (March 2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-146-1-34-39.

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New substituted pyridines were synthesized by the reaction of spiroimidazolidinones with the Vilsmeier-Haack reagent (PBr3/DMF) with satisfactory yields. The reaction proceeds as an electrophilic trigger process according to the push-pull mechanism due to the anomeric effect of two nitrogen atoms with an increase in the primary heterocycle. An explanation is proposed for the different chemical behavior of 5',6',7',8'-tetrahydro-1'H-spiro[cyclohexane-1,2'-quinazolin]-4'(3'H)-one and spiroimidazolidinones under Vilsmeier-Haack reaction conditions. The likely reason is the hybridization of the am

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16

Cao, Chengyao, Jinyu Sheng, and Chao Chen. "Cu-Catalyzed Cascade Annulation of Diaryliodonium Salts and Nitriles: Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles." Synthesis 49, no. 23 (2017): 5081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589515.

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Developing versatile methodologies to construct various nitrogen-containing heterocycles is a crucially significant part of contemporary organic chemistry. This review summarizes recent developments on the formation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles triggered by diaryliodonium salts. Diaryliodonium salts, as electrophilic arylating agents in the presence of catalytic copper salts, can react with nitriles to give N-arylnitrilium cations, which are highly reactive species. These species can efficiently react with nucleophiles, including C-, N- and O-nucleophiles, to give the corresponding pro

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17

Cadar, Emin, Aneta Tomescu, Cristina Luiza Erimia, Alef Mustafa, and Rodica Sîrbu. "The Impact of Alkaloids Structures from NaturalCompounds on Public Health." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 5, no. 1 (2015): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p34-39.

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Alkaloids are organic heterocycle substances with nitrogen, of plant origin, with basic character, arising from the secondary metabolism of plants, which give characteristic reactions and exert an effect on animal bodies, most often of a toxic nature. Alkaloids have at least one atom of heterocycle nitrogen, in which case it is often tertiary, less frequently quaternary. The heterocycles can condense among themselves or with other cycles in such a way that alkaloid molecules may become poly- or macro-cycles. Alkaloids are classified on both the criterion of chemical structure, as well as based

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18

Slivka, Mikhailo, and Mikhailo Onysko. "The Use of Electrophilic Cyclization for the Preparation of Condensed Heterocycles." Synthesis 53, no. 19 (2021): 3497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1706036.

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AbstractCondensed heterocycles are well-known for their excellent biological effects and they are undeniably important compounds in organic chemistry. Electrophilic cyclization reactions are widely used for the synthesis of mono-heterocyclic compounds. This review highlights the utility of electrophilic cyclization reactions as an effective generic tool for the synthesis of various condensed heterocycles containing functional groups that are able to undergo further chemical transformations, such as nucleophilic substitution, elimination, re-cyclization, cleavage, etc. This review describes the

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19

Xu, Ye, Xiao-Fang Liu, Xin-Ai Chen, and Yong-Quan Li. "Directed Evolution of a Nonheme Diiron N-oxygenase AzoC for Improving Its Catalytic Efficiency toward Nitrogen Heterocycle Substrates." Molecules 27, no. 3 (2022): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030868.

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The azoxy compounds with an intriguing chemical bond [-N=N+(-O−)-] are known to have broad applications in many industries. Our previous work revealed that a nonheme diiron N-oxygenase AzoC catalyzed the oxidization of amino-group to its nitroso analogue in the formation of azoxy bond in azoxymycins biosynthesis. However, except for the reported pyridine alkaloid azoxy compounds, most azoxy bonds of nitrogen heterocycles have not been biosynthesized so far, and the substrate scope of AzoC is limited to p-aminobenzene-type compounds. Therefore, it is very meaningful to use AzoC to realize the b

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20

El-Moneim, Mohamed Abd, Ibrahim M. El-Deen, and Wessam Abd El-Fattah. "Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antitumor Activities of Some Prepared Nitrogen Heterocycles." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 7 (2011): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/july2013/28.

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21

JAG, MOHAN, and VERMA PRATIMA. "Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles : Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Few Heterocycles derived from 6-Chloro-5H-2,3-dihydro1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b )indole-3-thione." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 67, May 1990 (1990): 438–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6298894.

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Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124 001 <em>Manuscript received 14 June 1989, revised 14 December 1989, accepted 1 January 1990</em> Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles : Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of a Few Heterocycles derived from 6-Chloro-5<em>H</em>-2,3-dihydro1,2,4-triazino[5,6-b )indole-3-thione 

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22

Zong, He-Hou, Chuang Yao, Chang Q. Sun, Jian-Guo Zhang, and Lei Zhang. "Structure and Stability of Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles Used in the Field of Energetic Materials." Molecules 25, no. 14 (2020): 3232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25143232.

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Understanding the stabilization of nitrogen heterocycles is critical in the field of energetic materials and calls for innovative knowledge of nitrogen aromatics. Herewith, we report for the first time that nitrogen lone pair electron (NLPE) delocalization in five-membered nitrogen heterocycles creates a second σ-aromaticity in addition to the prototypical π-aromaticity. The NLPE delocalization and the attendant dual-aromaticity are enhanced as more carbon atoms in the ring are substituted by unsaturated nitrogen atoms. The presence of adjacent nitrogen atoms in the ring can enhance the aromat

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23

Vaughan, Keith, Ronald J. LaFrance, York Tang, and Donald L. Hooper. "Open-chain nitrogen compounds. Part VIII. 1-(2′-Acetylphenyl)-3-alkyltriazenes with reactive substituents in the alkyl group: synthons for five- and six-membered nitrogen heterocycles." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 9 (1985): 2455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-406.

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The synthesis of a series of 1-(2′-acetylphenyl)-3-alkyltriazenes, with electron-withdrawing α-substituents in the alkyl moiety, is described. The structure of the products from the reaction of 2-acetylbenzenediazonium ion (1) with methylamine has been reinvestigated using high field (360 MHz) nmr spectroscopy. The 2-acetylphenyltriazenes undergo cyclization to five-or six-membered heterocycles, depending on the substituent present in the alkyl group. Attack by N-3 of the triazene on the ortho-acetyl group leads to a 4-methylenetriazine, which can undergo oxidation to a benzotriazinone or acid

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24

Uhl, Werner, and Andreas Vogelpohl. "Treatment of Tetramethylpyrazole and 3,5-Diphenylpyrazole with Dialkylaluminum Hydrides - Hydroalumination versus Deprotonation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 65, no. 6 (2010): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2010-0604.

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Treatment of tetramethylpyrazole, N2C3Me4, with equimolar quantities of di(tert-butyl)aluminum hydride leads to the addition of an Al-H bond to one of the C=N double bonds. The dimeric product (1) contains a central six-membered Al2N4 ring in which two tBu2Al+ units are bridging two N2C3 heterocycles. In the zwitterionic, non-centrosymmetric compound one aluminum atom is coordinated by two imino nitrogen atoms, while the second one is bonded to two amide nitrogen atoms. No double hydroalumination occurs upon treatment of tetramethylpyrazole with two equivalents of the hydride. Instead, an addu

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25

VIJAY, K. CHADHA, JOSHI SANJAY, and BHARGAVA ANIL. "Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part-V. Syntheses of s-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4,]benzothiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1 ,3,4]thiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazino[5,6-b]quinoxaline, lmidazo[2,1 -b]benzothiazole and Benzimidazo[2,1-b ]benzothiazole as Potential Antimicrobial A gents." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 69, Dec 1992 (1992): 884–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6120257.

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Department of Chemistry, Department of Zoology, Government Post-Graduate College, Churu-331 001 <em>Manuscript received 10 October 1991, revised 8 September 1992, accepted 21 September 1992</em> Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part-V. Syntheses of s-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4,]benzothiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1 ,3,4]thiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazino[5,6-b]quinoxaline, lmidazo[2,1 -b]benzothiazole and Benzimidazo[2,1-b ]benzothiazole as Potential Antimicrobial A gents.

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Sokolova, A. S., O. I. Yarovaya, L. V. Kuzminykh, et al. "Synthesis and Properties of (+)-Ketopinic and (–)-Camphanic Acids Esters Bearing a Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycle." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 93, no. 12 (2023): 3062–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363223120058.

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Abstract A three-stage method was proposed for the synthesis of (1S)-(+)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid, (+)-ketopinic and (–)-camphanic acids esters containing a saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycle. It was found that (1S)-(+)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid esters undergo destruction with elimination of the sulfonic acid group in substitution reactions involving nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Esters of (+)-ketopinic and (–)-camphanic acids were formed during the proposed synthetic route, but undergo transesterification under column chromatography conditions. Quantum chemical calculations showed t

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Sokolova, A. S., O. I. Yarovaya, L. V. Kuzminykh, et al. "Synthesis and properties of (+)-ketopinic and (-)-camphanic acids esters bearing a nitrogen-containing heterocycle." Журнал общей химии 93, no. 12 (2023): 1854–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0044460x23120053.

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A three-stage method was proposed for the synthesis of (1 S )-(+)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid, (+)-ketopinic and (-)-camphanic acids esters containing a saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycle. It was found that (1 S )-(+)camphor-10-sulfonic acid esters undergo destruction with elimination of the sulfonic acid group in substitution reactions involving nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Esters of (+)-ketopinic and (-)-camphanic acids were formed during the proposed synthetic route, but undergo transesterification under column chromatography conditions. Quantum chemical calculations showed that th

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VIJAY, K. CHADHA, JOSHI SANJAY, and BHARGAVA ANIL. "Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part-V. Syntheses of s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1,3,4,]benzothiadiazines, s-'Triazolo[3,4-b][1 ,3,4]thiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1 ,3,4]thiadiazino[5,6-b]quinoxaline, lmidazo[ 2, 1 -b ]benzothiazole and Benzimidazo[ 2,1-b] benzothiazole as Potential Antimicrobial A gents." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 69, Dec 1992 (1992): 884–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6033474.

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Department of Chemistry, Department of Zoology, Government Post-Graduate College, Churu-331 001 <em>Manuscript received 10 October 1991, revised 8 September 1992, accepted 21 September 1992</em> Bridgehead Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part-V. Syntheses of s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1,3,4,]benzothiadiazines, s-'Triazolo[3,4-b][1 ,3,4]thiadiazines, s-Triazolo[3,4-b][ 1 ,3,4]thiadiazino[5,6-b]quinoxaline, lmidazo[ 2, 1 -b ]benzothiazole and Benzimidazo[ 2,1-b] benzothiazole as Potential Antimicrobial A gents.

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29

Romero-Hernández, Laura L., Ana Isabel Ahuja-Casarín, Penélope Merino-Montiel, Sara Montiel-Smith, José Luis Vega-Báez, and Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez. "Syntheses and medicinal chemistry of spiro heterocyclic steroids." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 20 (July 24, 2024): 1713–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.20.152.

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There is compelling evidence that incorporating a heterocyclic moiety into a steroid can alter its pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties, driving intense interest in the synthesis of such hybrids among research groups. In this review, we present an overview of recent synthetic methodologies, spanning the period from 2000 to 2023, for the preparation of spiro heterocyclic steroids. The compounds surveyed encompass four-, five-, six-, and seven-membered heterocycles appended to various positions of steroidal backbones, with spirocycles containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur atoms being

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30

Shi, Jueying, Miao Yu, Weikang Chen, et al. "Recent Discovery of Nitrogen Heterocycles from Marine-Derived Aspergillus Species." Marine Drugs 22, no. 7 (2024): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md22070321.

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Nitrogen heterocycles have drawn considerable attention because of their structurally novel and significant biological activities. Marine-derived fungi, especially the Aspergillus species, possess unique metabolic pathways to produce secondary metabolites with novel structures and potent biological activities. This review prioritizes the structural diversity and biological activities of nitrogen heterocycles that are produced by marine-derived Aspergillus species from January 2019 to January 2024, and their relevant biological activities. A total of 306 new nitrogen heterocycles, including sev

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García-Valverde, Maria, and Tomás Torroba. "Sulfur-Nitrogen Heterocycles." Molecules 10, no. 2 (2005): 318–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/10020318.

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32

Mitchenson, Andrew, and Alan Nadin. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 17 (2000): 2862–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a908537h.

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33

Slater, Jonathan W., and Jonathan P. Rourke. "Cyclometallated nitrogen heterocycles." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 688, no. 1-2 (2003): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.038.

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34

Sadekov, I. D., G. M. Abakarov, A. A. Shneider, et al. "Nitrogen-tellurium heterocycles." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 25, no. 1 (1989): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00472631.

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35

Abakarov, G. M., A. A. Shabson, I. D. Sadekov, A. D. Garnovskii, and V. I. Minkin. "Nitrogen-tellurium heterocycles." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 24, no. 2 (1988): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00473340.

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36

Steele, John. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Contemporary Organic Synthesis 1, no. 2 (1994): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/co9940100095.

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37

Harrison, Timothy. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Contemporary Organic Synthesis 2, no. 4 (1995): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/co9950200209.

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38

Harrison, Timothy. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Contemporary Organic Synthesis 3, no. 4 (1996): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/co9960300259.

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39

Nadin, Alan. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Contemporary Organic Synthesis 4, no. 5 (1997): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/co9970400387.

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40

Mitchinson, Andrew, and Alan Nadin. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 18 (1999): 2553–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a808161a.

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41

Nadin, Alan. "Saturated nitrogen heterocycles." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 20 (1998): 3493–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a803231i.

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42

Köster, Roland, Günther Seidel, Susanna Kerschl, and Bernd Wrackmeyer. "Atropisomerism in Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles/Atropisomerism in Boron-Nitrogen Heterocycles." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 42, no. 2 (1987): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1987-0212.

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Abstract Atropisomerism owing to hindered rotation about the N-aryl bond is observed in 4,5-diethyl-2,2,3-trimethyl-1-(o-trifluormethyl)phenyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,5-azasila-(2) and -azastanna-boroles (5). The compounds 2 and 5 are characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectra and 1H, 11B, 13 C, 29Si and119Sn NMR. The ortho-trifluoromethyl group serves as an additional NMR spectroscopic probe because of “through space” 19F-1H and 19F-13C spin spin coupling. Compound 5 is the first derivative of a 2,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,5-azastannaborol.

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43

Wang, Zhen-Hua, Yong You, Jian-Qiang Zhao, Yan-Ping Zhang, Jun-Qing Yin, and Wei-Cheng Yuan. "Recent Progress in Heterocycle Synthesis: Cyclization Reaction with Pyridinium and Quinolinium 1,4-Zwitterions." Molecules 28, no. 7 (2023): 3059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073059.

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Heteroarene 1, n-zwitterions are powerful and versatile building blocks in the construction of heterocycles and have received increasing attention in recent years. In particular, pyridinium and quinolinium 1,4-zwitterions have been widely studied and used in a variety of cyclization reactions due to their air stability, ease of use, and high efficiency. Sulfur- and nitrogen-based pyridinium and quinolinium 1,4-zwitterions, types of emerging heteroatom-containing synthons, have attracted much attention from chemists. These 1,4-zwitterions, which contain multiple reaction sites, have been succes

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44

Kerru, Nagaraju, Lalitha Gummidi, Suresh Maddila, Kranthi Kumar Gangu, and Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda. "A Review on Recent Advances in Nitrogen-Containing Molecules and Their Biological Applications." Molecules 25, no. 8 (2020): 1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081909.

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The analogs of nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a valuable source of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry. More than 75% of drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. In the forthcoming decade, a much greater share of new nitrogen-based pharmaceuticals is anticipated. Many new nitrogen-based heterocycles have been designed. The number of novel N-heterocyclic moieties with significant physiological properties and promising applications in medicinal chemistry is ever-growing. In this review, we co

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45

Mendes, Joseane A., Paulo R. R. Costa, Miguel Yus, Francisco Foubelo, and Camilla D. Buarque. "N-tert-Butanesulfinyl imines in the asymmetric synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 17 (May 12, 2021): 1096–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.17.86.

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The synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, including natural alkaloids and other compounds presenting different types of biological activities have proved to be successful employing chiral sulfinyl imines derived from tert-butanesulfinamide. These imines are versatile chiral auxiliaries and have been extensively used as eletrophiles in a wide range of reactions. The electron-withdrawing sulfinyl group facilitates the nucleophilic addition of organometallic compounds to the iminic carbon with high diastereoisomeric excess and the free amines obtained after an easy removal of the tert-bu

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46

Hilton, Michael C., Xuan Zhang, Benjamin T. Boyle, Juan V. Alegre-Requena, Robert S. Paton, and Andrew McNally. "Heterobiaryl synthesis by contractive C–C coupling via P(V) intermediates." Science 362, no. 6416 (2018): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aas8961.

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Heterobiaryls composed of pyridine and diazine rings are key components of pharmaceuticals and are often central to pharmacological function. We present an alternative approach to metal-catalyzed cross-coupling to make heterobiaryls using contractive phosphorus C–C couplings, also termed phosphorus ligand coupling reactions. The process starts by regioselective phosphorus substitution of the C–H bonds para to nitrogen in two successive heterocycles; ligand coupling is then triggered via acidic alcohol solutions to form the heterobiaryl bond. Mechanistic studies imply that ligand coupling is an

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47

Chmovzh, Timofey N., Daria A. Alekhina, Timofey A. Kudryashev, and Oleg A. Rakitin. "Efficient Synthesis of 4,8-Dibromo Derivative of Strong Electron-Deficient Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) and Its SNAr and Cross-Coupling Reactions." Molecules 27, no. 21 (2022): 7372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217372.

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An efficient synthesis of hydrolytically and thermally stable 4,8-dibromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) by the bromination of its parent heterocycle is reported. The structure of 4,8-dibromobenzo[1,2-d:4,5-d’]bis([1,2,3]thiadiazole) was confirmed by X-ray analysis. The conditions for the selective aromatic nucleophilic substitution of one bromine atom in this heterocyclic system by nitrogen nucleophiles are found, whereas thiols formed the bis-derivatives only. Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions were found to be an effective method for the selective formation of various mono-

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Kayukova, Lyudmila, Anna Vologzhanina, Pavel Dorovatovskii та ін. "Reaction Products of β-Aminopropioamidoximes Nitrobenzenesulfochlorination: Linear and Rearranged to Spiropyrazolinium Salts with Antidiabetic Activity". Molecules 27, № 7 (2022): 2181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072181.

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Nitrobenzenesulfochlorination of β-aminopropioamidoximes leads to a set of products depending on the structure of the initial interacting substances and reaction conditions. Amidoximes, functionalized at the terminal C atom with six-membered N-heterocycles (piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine and phenylpiperazine), as a result of the spontaneous intramolecular heterocyclization of the intermediate reaction product of an SN2 substitution of a hydrogen atom in the oxime group of the amidoxime fragment by a nitrobenzenesulfonyl group, produce spiropyrazolinium ortho- or para-nitrobenzenesulfon

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49

Adlu, Maryam, and Issa Yavari. "One-pot, mild and efficient multicomponent synthesis of novel various spiro-nitrogen heterocycle compounds." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 37, no. 1 (2022): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i1.10.

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ABSTRACT. One-pot, mild and efficient synthesis of various spiro-nitrogen heterocycle compounds, based on the reaction of ninhydrin and 1,2-diamino-benzene, (indenoquinoxalin), with N-heterocycle compounds and dialkylacetylenedicarboxylates is described. Using this approach, various spiro-nitrogen heterocycle compounds at a temperature of 50-60 °C in acetonitrile solvent, can be obtained very high yields.  KEY WORDS: Ninhydrin, 1,2-Diaminobenzene, spiro-Nitrogen heterocycle compounds, Indenoquinoxalin, N-heterocycle compounds, Dialkylacetylenedicarboxylates  Bull. Chem.

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50

Deep, Aman, PrachI, and Hament Panwar. "THE CHEMISTRY OF HEALING: HETEROATOMIC DERIVATIZATION AND THEIR MEDICINAL APPLICATIONS." Annals of Science and Allied Research 2, no. 1 (2024): 26–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12599903.

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Heterocyclic compounds are gaining attention for their medical and biological applications, with over 90% of new drugs containing them. Among all the heterocyclic molecules, mimics of nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a valuable source of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry. More than 75% of drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties. In the forthcoming decade, a much greater share of new nitrogen-based pharmaceuticals is anticipated. Many new nitrogen-based heterocycles have been designed. The n

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