Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nutrition of horses

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Nutrition of horses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Cichorska, Barbara, Marcin Komosa, Leszek Nogowsk, Paweł Maćkowiak, and Damian Józefia. "Significance of Nutrient Digestibility in Horse Nutrition – A Review." Annals of Animal Science 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 779–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0059.

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Abstract The aim of the review is to present mechanisms of digestion in horses through a functional description of the digestive system’s structure with emphasis on nutrient digestibility. In the era of an increasingly intensive and specialised sport usage of horses, also the significance of balancing their dietary nutrient value in accordance with individual requirements of these animals is gaining in importance. At the same time, it is not possible to meet nutritional requirements of a sport horse without knowledge about feed utilisation. In many farm animal species, digestibility is measured postmortem or via complicated and expensive cannulation of the digestive system. In horses, these methods are not applied due to ethical approaches or other limitations (e.g. sport horses); therefore, the importance of marker-based techniques is growing, although not much data is published in the available literature (Sales, 2012). Moreover, in contrast to other non-ruminants, horses are naturally adapted to a constant intake of large quantities of roughages. However, during intensive sport training, they are primarily fed concentrated diets with high amounts of easily digestible, non-structural carbohydrates and reduced amounts of dietary fibre fractions. Therefore, the risk of metabolic diseases and behavioural disorders in the horse increases.
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RHP, Silva. "Feed Processing and its Effects on Equine Nutrition–A Review." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 1, no. 3 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000113.

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It's expected that the Brazilian production of industrialized feed for horses reach 2 million tons by the year 2020. Feed processing consists of physical, chemical or biological modifications that are made in the feed. These modifications can increase the availability of nutrients for horses and/or preserve the quality of these nutrients in the raw material. The objective of this review was to describe the main types of feed processing used in the manufacture of feeds for horses, showing the benefits and lo sses that they may cause in nutrition and production of these animals. There are several types of feed processing and they can be classified according to the use of thermal processing treatments: cold or hot processing. Processing of grains can cause sever al changes in feed, such as change and adjustment of particle size, improving nutrient digestibility, promoting the inactivation of enzyme inhibitors, and preserving feed. The effects that cause different kinds of processing depend on many factors, includi ng the type of cereal, starch, temperature, time, humidity and pressure during processing. The process, when performed correctly, can increase the digestibility of starch and digestible energy content of the grains used to feed horses. However, you should be careful with the amount of concentrate used in horse feed.
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Stratton-Phelps, Men. "Nutrition for Sick Horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 23, no. 8 (August 2003): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0737-0806(03)01027-x.

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Jose-Cunilleras, E., and KW Hinchcliff. "Carbohydrate metabolism in exercising horses." Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology 1, no. 1 (February 2004): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ecp20031.

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AbstractCarbohydrate and fat are the predominant sources of energy during exercise in mammals. Carbohydrates, such as muscle glycogen and plasma glucose, and fats from adipose tissue and intramuscular triglycerides are oxidized during exercise in amounts and proportions that vary depending on the exercise intensity, level of fitness and nutritional status. In horses, muscle glycogen, and to a lesser extent plasma glucose, are oxidized in substantial amounts during low-, moderate- and high-intensity exercise. Carbohydrate availability to skeletal muscle affects exercise performance in humans, however this relationship is not well outlined in horses. Glucose supplementation by intravenous administration during exercise in horses increases duration of moderate-intensity exercise. However, the effect of glucose supplementation by ingestion of a soluble carbohydrate-rich meal prior to exercise on athletic performance has not been established in horses. Low muscle glycogen concentrations prior to exercise in horses are associated with decreased time to exhaustion at moderate- and high-intensity exercise. Nutritional interventions intended to enhance muscle glycogen resynthesis have proved less successful in horses than in other species. Replenishment of muscle glycogen after strenuous exercise in horses is not complete until 48–72 h after exercise, whereas in humans and laboratory animals it is complete by 24 h. The slower rate of muscle glycogen replenishment after exercise in horses may be related to an inherent lower ability to digest starch and other sources of glucose, a lower ability to synthesize muscle glycogen, or both. The aim of this review is to describe the present understanding of carbohydrate metabolism in the exercising horse, its implications on nutrition and athletic performance, and to contrast it with that in other species.
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Carr, Elizabeth A., and Susan J. Holcombe. "Nutrition of Critically Ill Horses." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 25, no. 1 (April 2009): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2008.12.002.

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Ralston, Sarah L. "Clinical Nutrition of Adult Horses." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 6, no. 2 (August 1990): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30545-x.

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Coleman, Robert J. "359 Awardee Talk: Equine Science: A community that grew." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.172.

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Abstract Research, teaching, and extension related to horse production and management was once a part of land grant universities. Extension publications from the 1900s noted equine research and how to use that research in the feeding and management of horses used primarily for agricultural purposes. As the use of the horse in agriculture declined, so did the activities related to horses at those institutions. Times changed, and as horses regained in popularity for sport and recreation, so did the need for research, teaching, and extension. In the late 1960s, a group of researchers who were doing nutrition research on horses gathered to discuss the possibility of providing a forum for promoting equine research, facilitating effective communications between those who could use the information and develop a symposium. From this conversation came the Equine Nutrition and Physiology Society. The first meeting was held in 1968 in Lexington, Kentucky; with over 20 participants, the society started to meet its goals. The original materials presented were related to nutrition and digestive physiology, but the focus has expanded to include reproductive physiology, exercise physiology, genetics, biosciences and production and management. In addition to the research topics, there are also sections for those involved with Extension and Teaching to discuss how to use the new information. The support of graduate students has grown since they were first invited in 1977 to current participation across the spectrum of research topics and the addition of a strong undergraduate research section as well. The society started with 20 plus in attendance and grew to a membership of over 300 from around the world who come together every two years to discuss topics related to the horse.
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Ivanov, R. V., N. A. Nikolaeva, U. V. Hompodoeva, and P. P. Borisova. "THE USE OF CRYO-FEED IN THE RATION OF DAIRY COWS AND HERD HORSES OF YAKUTIA." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 48, no. 5 (January 9, 2019): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2018-5-4.

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The paper presents testing results of feeding dry cows and horses with cryo-feed, preserved by using natural techniques, at winter grazing (tebenevka). Research into digestibility of nutrition substances of cow ration was carried out on 30 cows of Sirrrmental breed divided into three groups (control and two experimental ones, whose ration included 4 and 1.5 kg of cryo-feed respectively). The introduction of cryo-feed in the ration of cows increased the level of metabolizable energy and had a positive impact on the efficiency of energy metabolism. Cows of the 1 st experimental group, where cryo-feed accounted for 12% of the nutrition ration, showed 5.8% higher protein digestibility than the control group. Feeding cows with cryo-feed in the dry period contributed to the maintenance of reproductive qualities. The percentage of fertilization of cows was 90-100%. It was established that feeding horses on cryo-feed significantly increased their nutritional level at tebenevka in the winter time and fully met the need of animals in feeding elements. This marked a high horse feeding capacity per 1 ha of cryo-feed, which amounted to 129-142 horse days. The advantage in organic matter digestibility at tebenevka on cryo-feed accounted for 11.9%, dry matter - 10.48%, crude protein - 18.3%, crude fiber- 21.9%, crude fat - 13.3%, and nitrogen-free extractive substances - 11.7%. The energy supply of a horse organism per 100 kg of live weight was 32.6 MJ, which exceeded the norm by 14.5%. Better digestibility of nutrients of winter-green mass of oats compared to the grass stand was due to the high content of carotene and provitamin Е in plants preserved on the root by natural cold. During the study it was established that the actual foal crop increased by 12-14% at tebenevka with horses on cryo-feed compared to traditional technology.
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Baban, M., M. Sakac, N. Korabi, B. Antunovic, P. Mijic, A. Ivankovic, and J. Ramljak. "Analysis of horse breeding and equestrian sports in the Republic of Croatia." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103415b.

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Horse breeding in the Republic of Croatia, before its entrance into European Union, is in the transitional period. In the breeding sense, Croatian horse breeding is set according to the model of European countries and is trying to counteract with ?modern horse breeding countries?. Croatian Center for Horse Breeding - Djakovo and Lipik State Stud Farms (CCHB), with the Central register of equidae is, as the head national institution, responsible for running and maintaining national central equidae database (49 registers of horses and 27 registers of breeding types). Croatia has registered total of 21.796 equidae, from which 19.306 animals are horses. Registered horses according to groups make the total proportion of 37% warmblood horses, 59% coldblood horses and 4% ponies. Horse breeders are organized in breeders associations, which form federations of associations referring to separate horse breeds. Currently in Croatia there are four federations of breeders associations (with 43 associations and 11 private stud farms). Those verified breeding organizations are conducting independently breeding programs and fully maintain breeding and selection obligations for horse breeds for which they have approval of the Croatian Ministry. Native breeds in Croatia are Croatian Coldblood, Croatian Posavac and Medjimurje horse (Murinsulaner), while Lipizzan horse is considered as protected breed. Development of horse breeding is considerably supported with national subsidies. Internationally verified breeds which are bred in Croatia are Lipizzan horse, Pure Arabian horses, Thoroughbred, Haflinger and Gidran horses. The horse breeding in Croatia is developing in four different directions. Ecological breeding implies native horse breeds and is spread on the areas of protected nature resorts in Croatia. Croatians are through their history connected to horse breeding, which is even today irreplaceable in traditional cultural manifestations (Djakovacki vezovi, Vinkovacke jeseni, Sinjska alka, etc.), various horse shows and fairs and also in more ?modern? ways through recreation and entertainment. The third direction of development of horse breeding in Croatia is therapeutic riding, which includes 26 associations, over one hundred horses and over one thousand users organized under the Therapeutic Riding Association of Croatia. Sports horse breeding represents fourth direction in Croatian horse breeding. It is formed by four federations: Croatian Trotting Federation (trotting), Croatian Gallop Federation (gallop sport) and Croatian Equestrian Federation (endurance, dressage, military, show jumping, driving). Croatian Equestrian Federation includes 49 equestrian clubs. In the last four years between 455 and 582 competitors and between 495 and 581 horses (for show jumping 45%, dressage 31%, endurance 19%, driving 5% and military) were licensed annually. Croatia achieved noticeable results on the international scene in driving sports and in Paralympics. In all mentioned directions of Croatian horse breeding, the tendency should be directed to achieving higher breeding standards (nutrition, stabling, transport, training) and more rational using of horses. Such breeding and using of horses will lead to top bred horses and successful sport horses. This implies synchronized work through long period of time, respecting institutional and breeding rules.
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Gater, J., and T. Counsell. "A comparative study of equine compound feeds for leisure and performance horses." BSAP Occasional Publication 35 (2006): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00042671.

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A wide variety of equine compound feeds are now available, aimed at simplifying the feeding of horses, by removing the need for detailed nutritional calculations previously necessary with ‘straights’. It is assumed that the majority of feed sales are based on the name of the manufacturer and the branding of the individual product rather than the nutritional content. Research in equine nutrition has accelerated in the last decade and a greater academic understanding of equine nutrition has now been reached (Pagan 1998; Pagan 2001; Lawrence 2001). It appears that an ever-widening gap is being created between academic research and the end consumers, with regard to ration formulation and the nutritional requirements of horses. This gap is mainly being bridged by the compound feed manufacturers who are widely trusted to deliver correctly balanced compound feed. The objective of the present study is to investigate energy levels and sources of energy in compound feeds against peer-reviewed research standard levels (NRC 1989; Lawrence 2001) to ascertain whether feed manufacturers are delivering metabolically efficient and nutritionally balanced sources of energy in compound feeds for horses.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Tanner, Sara L. "EVALUATING DIETARY AMINO ACID ADEQUACY IN HORSES USING ISOTOPIC TECHNIQUES." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/38.

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Little is known about amino acid (AA) requirements in horses despite muscle mass accretion being of importance to an athletic species. Isotope methods for determining AA requirements and whole-body protein synthesis (WBPS) had not been previously used in growing horses. The first study herein was the first to apply isotope methods to determine WBPS in growing horses. In the study, weanling colts received two different levels of crude protein. Whole-body protein kinetics indicated that WBPS was greater when the weanlings were fed the diet with a greater crude protein content (P<0.05). The second study sought to determine a lysine requirement for yearling horses using the indicator AA oxidation (IAAO) method. Despite using six dietary levels of lysine; three above and three below the current recommendation, no breakpoint could be determined. Phenylalanine kinetics were not affected by lysine level (P>0.05), but plasma lysine increased linearly with lysine intake (P<0.0001). After comparing dietary AA intakes with current AA requirement recommendations, threonine was a candidate for the limiting AA in the diets used in the first two studies. The objective of the next two studies was to determine if threonine supplementation would increase WBPS. Weanling colts fed a grass forage and commercial concentrate were supplemented with threonine in one study, while adult mares fed a high fiber diet and low threonine concentrate were supplemented with threonine in the other study. In neither case were whole-body protein kinetics affected by threonine supplementation (P>0.05). However, multiple plasma AA concentrations were affected by supplementation (P<0.05) in both studies, suggesting that supplementation of a single AA can affect the metabolism of other AAs. The final study conducted was aimed at improving the IAAO method for use in horses. Intravenous isotope infusion was compared to a less invasive oral infusion. Both infusion methods produced stable plateaus and by calculation, the splanchnic extraction of phenylalanine was found to be 27%. Additional research is needed to determine AA requirements for horses. These studies add insight into equine AA requirements and metabolism and the confirmation of the oral isotope infusion method will allow future experiments to be less invasive.
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Delano, Katlyn Marie. "Trends in Equine Nutrition and the Effects of a Hindgut Buffer Product in Overconditioned Horses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80908.

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Nearly 50% of the equine population is overweight due to feeding and management practices. Obesity is related to development of diseases that are detrimental to performance and potentially fatal in horses, including insulin resistance, laminitis, and equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). Objectives of this research included first, characterization of nutrition-related management practices of hunter/jumper show industry via a voluntary survey; second, evaluating the Body Condition Index (BCI) in comparison to the Body Condition Scoring system (BCS) in sporthorses; and lastly, determining the effects of a hindgut buffer in overconditioned horses following an abruptly introduced moderate nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) meal. There were no differences in nutritional management between hunter and jumper disciplines and most representatives (n=89) had no nutritional concerns. Many used trainers (38%) and veterinarians (36%) as sources of nutritional advice rather than professional equine nutritionists (7%). BCI had consistently higher scores than BCS (P<0.01), with the largest differences in horses with BCS < 5. Horses were offered a concentrate meal containing 1.2g NSC/kg BW with and without DigestaWell® Buffer (DB). Horses receiving DB had decreased plasma L-lactate (P=0.05), and a tendency for increased fecal pH (P=0.08) and decreased fecal D-lactate (P=0.07). These studies demonstrate a need to improve horse owner education and the relationship between representatives and trained nutritionists to reduce disease incidence, that different equations may need to be developed for a more consistently accurate BCI across various breed and body types, and that DB may have a positive impact on the equine digestive response to NSC.
Master of Science
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Greiwe-Crandell, Kathleen M. "The effects of added dietary fat on young exercising horses." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42212.

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Two groups of three horses each were fed either a control diet of ground hay and concentrates or a similar diet with 10.5% added fat. The horses were trotted at 2.9 m/sec to a heart rate (HR) of 160 beats per minute (BPM) 5 d/wk on an equine treadmill set at go for a training period of 12 wk. A standard exercise test (SET) was performed at wk 0, 6, and 12. Blood samples were taken before, during, and after exercise and analyzed for lactate, glucose, cholesterol, total serum protein, and free fatty acids (FFA). Muscle biopsies were taken before and after exercise during the SETs on wk 1 and wk 12. Differences between wk 0, 6, and 12 in blood levels were found: lactate (P < .01) and glucose (P < .001) decreased, while cholesterol (P < .01) and FFA (P < .05) for both groups, indicating a conditioning response. However, no differences were found in any of the blood factors between groups. In the final SET, pre-exercise muscle glycogen levels in the fat-fed horses were lower (13.61 vs 25.44 mg/g wet tissue). Post-exercise glycogen levels, however, were higher in the fat- fed horses (10.95 vs 8.27 mg/g wet tissue), indicating that there may have been a glycogen-sparing effect. The fat-fed horses avg .3 kg/d less in daily consumption, and avg .03 kg/d more in ADG (.36 kg/d for control vs .33 kg/d for fatfed). Differences in trotting times (time to HR 160 BPM) between groups were seen at the end of four (P < .05) and eight (P < .05) Wki control horses improved 39% while fatfed horses only 25% from wk 1 to wk 8. No differences were seen between groups from wk 9 to 12. Improvement over the 12 wk period was similar for both groups (control 61%, fatfed 67%). These results seem to suggest that although fat appears to be a reasonable source of energy for the horse, there may be a long adaptation period for horses fed higher levels of fat.


Master of Science
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Spooner, Holly Sue. "Calcium balance and bone density in immature horses fed a high protein diet." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4378.

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Studies in other species indicate high protein diets increase urinary calcium (Ca) excretion and may lead to negative calcium balance and reduced bone density. As overfeeding of protein is commonplace in the horse industry, this study was undertaken to determine the effects of excess dietary protein on growth, physiologic response, mineral balance, bone density, and bone geometry in immature horses. Sixteen 10-month-old American Quarter Horses were blocked by age and sex into two dietary treatments. The control diet was formulated to provide the NRC (1989) recommended concentration of crude protein, while the high protein diet provided 130% of NRC (1989) recommendations. All other nutrients were formulated at or slightly above NRC (1989) recommendations. Blood samples, feces, and urine were collected during the 116-day study to determine any diet effect on pH and mineral balance. Radiographs were made of the left third metacarpal (MCIII) to determine bone density via radiographic bone aluminum equivalence (RBAE), and bone geometry was determined metrically from the radiographs. Urine pH decreased over time (p < 0.001), but there were no diet effects on blood pH or urine pH. Conversely, when normalized to day 0 values, fecal pH was reduced by feeding the high protein treatment (p < 0.02). Density of dorsal and palmar cortices increased over time (p < 0.001), but no differences were observed between diets. But, normalized total medial-lateral (ML) width of the MCIII was higher in the control diet (p < 0.05). Fecal Ca loss was greater in horses fed the high protein diet (p < 0.005), while Ca absorption and retention were lower for horses on the high protein treatment (p < 0.02). Phosphorus (P) balance was not different between diets, although feeding the high protein diet resulted in higher P intake overall (p < 0.001). While excess dietary protein may decrease fecal pH, increase fecal Ca excretion, and decrease Ca absorption and retention, there was no consistent effect of the high protein diet on bone density over the course of this study. Further research is necessary to determine if feeding high-protein diets is detrimental to bone quality in the growing horse.
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Loos, Caroline Margot Marcelle. "THE IMPACT OF INSULIN DYSREGULATION ON PROTEIN METABOLISM IN HORSES." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/83.

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Insulin plays a vital role in whole-body metabolism and provides a major anabolic stimulus for cellular signaling pathways, including those involved in the metabolism of glucose and protein. Consequently, insulin dysregulation (ID) is known to alter molecular signal transduction in insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle, thereby disrupting glucose metabolism and compromising protein synthetic capacity. Our first objective was to induce ID in healthy horses by administering dexamethasone (DEX), a potent glucocorticoid, for 21 days. We evaluated the effects on insulin-stimulated muscle protein signaling components involved in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. DEX-induced ID reduced insulin-stimulated activation of downstream (rpS6, 4EBP-1) mTOR signaling and increased atrogin-1 abundance, a marker for protein breakdown (P < 0.05). Additionally, 21 days of DEX elevated plasma amino acids levels in insulin-stimulated conditions, indicative of reduced uptake or increase release into circulation (P < 0.05). The second objective was to evaluate the short-term effects of DEX treatment in healthy horses. Plasma insulin, glucose and amino acid dynamics and activation of mTOR signaling pathways following an oral sugar test (OST) or intake of a high protein meal were evaluated before and after 7 days of DEX treatment, and after 7 days of no treatment. Seven days of DEX treatment increased basal levels of glucose, insulin and several amino acids (P < 0.05). Additionally horses treated with DEX had an exacerbated insulin response to the OST and consumption of the high protein meal in comparison to control horses (P < 0.05). The majority of blood metabolites returned to basal levels after 7 days of recovery from DEX treatment, indicating these effects were transient. Short-term DEX treatment decreased overall activation of mTOR and FoxO3 but increased total FoxO3 and IRS-1 abundance (P < 0.05). Postprandial activation of rpS6 was greater in horses treated with DEX for 7 days but was lower in those horses after 7 days of recovery from treatment (P < 0.05). Postprandial activation of ULK and AMPK tended to be greater in DEX treated horses (P < 0.1). Akt phosphorylation and mysotatin abundance were lower after the OST in DEX treated horses (P < 0.05). The final objective was to evaluate whether similar changes in postprandial metabolic responses would be seen in horses with naturally occurring ID. Plasma insulin, glucose and amino acid responses following ingestion of a high protein meal were determined in mature horses with equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). Horses with EMS had higher basal plasma insulin concentrations but lower levels of aspartate, glutamate, asparagine and plasma urea nitrogen in comparison to healthy controls (P < 0.05). Consumption of a high protein meal resulted in a 9-fold greater insulin response and higher postprandial levels of various amino acids (P < 0.05). Together this research indicates that ID affects whole body protein metabolism by altering cellular signaling pathways in healthy and diseased horses.
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Babrauskas, Giedrius. "Pašarų kokybės įtaka sportinių žirgų meistriškumui ir sveikatingumui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070327_144502-94002.

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The purpose of this study was: - To investigate jumping sport horses health conditions influence on sport skills; - To investigate blood parameters in Lithuanian jumping sport horses before and after an active training period. Eight healthy horses ranging in age from 6 to 8 with a mean body weight o 607 +/- 86,9 kg were used in experiment. Blood samples were collected from well trained Lithuanian sport horses and tested before and after an intensive period of competition of 2006. Biochemical and morphological blood results were performed to determinate the glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, red blood cells, haemoglobin, white blood cells, total protein, albumin value, total oxygen consumption and specific oxygen consumption before and after active summer training season. Furthermore, was analyzed mineral substances content of: calcium, potassium, phosphorous, sodium, magnesium and iron in blood serum of jumping sport horses. Physical readiness of horses according changes of haematological parameters before and after active summer competition season were in range of physiological norm. Conclusion: 1. AB ŽŽ/VšĮ “Suvalkijos žirgai” stud farm horses (weight average 544 kg) reached best sport skills in 2006 jumping contest. 2. Fodder supplements during contest season increased sport skills 37, 5%. 3. Red blood cells, haemoglobin, blood oxygen content ware considerable higher in jumping horse’s blood after intensive sport contest season in comparison with pre-contest season. 4... [to full text]
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Feltre, Kátia. "Produção, utilização e comercialização de dieta completa peletizada ou extrusada para equinos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-27072017-145522/.

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O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos de um produto completo, peletizado ou extrusado, composto por diferentes fontes de fibra (rolão de milho, capim-elefante desidratado e feno de Tifton 85) no manejo alimentar de equinos bem como a sua viabilidade econômica. Foram utilizados oito pôneis, machos, castrados da raça Mini-Horse. As dietas foram divididas em Dieta Controle (50% de feno de Tifton 85 e 50% de concentrado peletizado, fornecidos separadamente) e Dieta Completa (50% de volumoso mais concentrado) fornecidas como produto único. O delineamento experimental foi dois Quadrados Latinos balanceados em esquema fatorial 2x4, com aplicação de contrastes a fim de comparar os efeitos do processamento em relação à dieta controle. Para comparar os efeitos dentro das dietas processadas, procedeu-se com a exclusão do grupo controle aplicando-se esquema fatorial 2x3. Para os resultados significativos, foi utilizado o teste de Tukey com p<0,05. Foram realizados quatro períodos com 20 dias cada intercalados por 21 dias de intervalo. As variáveis avaliadas foram: parâmetros sanguíneos e fecais, os Coeficientes de Digestibilidade Aparente dos nutrientes (CDA) e a viabilidade econômica da produção. Os resultados dos contrastes apontaram diferenças (p<0,05) para as frequências (%) do tempo em pé, de alimentação e de deslocamento e no tempo de ingestão da dieta (minutos); para a Área Abaixo da Curva (AAC) de glicose (G) e insulina (In); para a concentração de colesterol; nos CDA da matéria seca (MS), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e ácido (FDA). A comparação feita entre as dietas processadas mostrou que a fonte de fibra interferiu (p<0,05) nos valores de AAC-In: a dieta com rolão de milho apresentou maior AAC-In. O CDA da MS e da Matéria Orgânica foi menor para a dieta contendo capim-elefante desidratado. Para os CDA da FDN e FDA, a dieta com capim-tifton 85 apresentou melhores resultados. O processamento interferiu (p<0,05) na AAC-G e AAC-In: a peletização resultou em maior AAC em relação ao produto extrusado; na concentração de ácido láctico nas fezes: a peletização apresentou maiores concentrações em relação à extrusão; no CDA da FDA: a extrusão melhorou a digestibilidade aparente para essa variável. Houve efeito interativo (p<0,05) para as concentrações de triglicérides e lipoproteína de muito baixa densidade: a dieta com feno de Tifton 85 extrusado apresentou maiores concentrações em relação à dieta contendo rolão de milho; e para o CDA do extrato etéreo (EE): a dieta contendo rolão de milho peletizado apresentou maior CDA em relação à extrusada. A análise econômica considerou os itens que compõem os custos de produção, desde a produção agrícola do volumoso até a comercialização da Dieta Completa e mostrou-se viável economicamente nos três cenários propostos. Pode-se concluir que as fontes de fibra interferem na AAC-In e na digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes; o processamento interfere nas AAC de glicose e Insulina, bem como nas concentrações de ácido láctico e na digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes. Além disso, a interação entre esses fatores influenciam no metabolismo lipídico e no CDA do EE. Porém, esses resultados não trazem prejuízos comportamentais e metabólicos aos equinos.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of a complete product, pelleted or extruded, composed of different sources of fiber (dehydrated whole corn plant, dehydrated elephant-grass and Tifton 85 hay) in equine feeding management as well as its economic feasibility. For this research, we used eight male, geldings, ponies of the Mini-Horse breed. Diets were divided into Control Diet (50% Tifton 85 hay and 50% pelleted concentrate, supplied separately) and Complete Diet (50% roughage more 50% concentrated) provided as a single product. The experimental design was two Latin Squares balanced in a 2x4 factorial scheme, with contrasts applied in order to compare the effects of processing in relation to the control diet. In order to compare the effects within the processed diets, we proceeded to the exclusion of the control group applying a 2x3 factorial scheme. For the significant results, Tukey\'s test was used with p<0.05. We used four periods with 20 days each, intercalated for 21 days of washout. We evaluated the following variables: blood and fecal parameters, the Apparent Digestibility Coefficients of the nutrients (ADC) and the economic feasibility of the production. The results of the contrasts indicated differences (p<0.05) in the frequencies (%) of standing time, feeding and locomotion, and time of diet intake (minutes); for the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of glucose (G) and insulin (In); for cholesterol concentration; in ADC of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid (ADF). The comparison made between the processed diets showed that the fiber source interfered (p<0.05) in the AUC-In values: the dehydrated whole corn plant diet presented higher AUC-In. The ADC of DM and Organic Matter was lower for the diet containing dehydrated elephant-grass. For the ADC of NDF and ADF, the tifton 85 grass diet presented better results. Processing interfered (p<0.05) in AUC-G and AUC-In: pelleting resulted in higher AUC in relation to the extrusion; in the concentration of lactic acid in feces: the pelleting presented higher concentrations in relation to the extrusion; in the ADC of ADF: the extrusion improved the apparent digestibility for this variable. There was an interactive effect (p<0.05) for the concentrations of triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein: the diet with extruded Tifton 85 hay presented higher concentrations in relation to the diet containing dehydrated whole corn plant; for the ADC of the ethereal extract (EE): the diet containing pelletized dehydrated whole corn plant, presented higher ADC than the extruded one. The economic analysis considered the items that make up the costs of production, from the agricultural production of the hay to the commercialization of the Complete Diet, and was economically feasible in the three proposed scenarios. It can be concluded that fiber sources interfere in AUC-In and apparent digestibility of nutrients; the processing interferes in AUC of glucose and Insulin, as well as in fecal lactic acid concentrations and in the apparent digestibility of the nutrients. In addition, the interaction between these factors influences the lipid metabolism and the ADC of the EE. However, these results do not bring behavioral and metabolic damages to horses.
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Lima, Daniela Pereira. "Avaliação da hipertrigliceridemia em equinos internados e o uso da nutrição clínica como suporte ao tratamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-26112013-153854/.

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A hiperlipemia causa sérias complicações aos equinos hospitalizados, principalmente quando associada ao estresse, doenças e traumas. Tratamentos convencionais com soluções de heparina, glicose a 5%, insulina, entre outras, têm sido utilizados em equídeos predispostos, mas são questionados quanto ao seu real efeito. O interesse e as pesquisas em relação à utilização da nutrição clínica no equino, em especial a nutrição parenteral, vêm crescendo. Sua ação visa evitar a doença e o catabolismo através da regulação do balanço energético negativo, inclusive servindo de adjuvante às terapias já implementadas no tratamento da doença primária, fornecendo o requerimento básico nutricional para a manutenção e recuperação do organismo. Para avaliar a eficácia das soluções de nutrição parenteral em equinos que desenvolveram hiperlipidemia durante a internação, foram avaliados 14 equinos atendidos com afecções diversas e que apresentaram triglicérides séricos (TG) acima de 150mg/dl. Os mesmo foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle (G1), sem interferência do manejo e grupo tratamento (G2), que recebeu nutrição parenteral parcial sem lipídeos. Tais soluções eram compostas de glicose a 50%, aminoácido a 10%, oligoelementos, complexo vitamínico e eletrólitos e foram infundidas até a resolução da hiperlipidemia. Os animais dos dois grupos foram monitorados diariamente em relação aos valores de glicemia, triglicérides e colesterol. A média do tempo de redução dos TG no G1 foi de 209,2 ± 131,9 horas e no G2 foi de 34,9 ± 41,8 horas, com diferença estatística entre eles. Os valores de colesterol não acompanharam a elevação dos TG. Em relação à perda de peso e escore corporal, os dois grupos apresentaram redução durante a internação, sem diferença estatística entre eles. Nenhum animal do G2 desenvolveu hiperlipemia, ao contrário do G1, em que cinco equinos apresentaram, em algum momento da internação, triglicérides acima de 500mg/dl. Embora outros critérios devam ser utilizados na escolha dos pacientes que necessitam deste tipo de tratamento devido principalmente aos custos e necessidade de constante monitorização, conclui-se que a nutrição parenteral é um método rápido e seguro para a prevenção da hiperlipemia em equinos com hiperlipidemia durante a internação por outras enfermidades.
The hyperlipemia cause serious complications for hospitalized horses, especially when associated with stress, diseases and traumas. Conventional treatments with solutions of heparin, 5% glucose, insulin, among others, have been used in susceptible equine, but they are asked about their real purpose. The interest and research on the use of clinical nutrition in the horse, especially parenteral nutrition, growing. Its action is to avoid disease and catabolism by regulating the negative energy balance, including serving as adjuvant therapies have been implemented in the treatment of primary disease, providing the basic nutritional requirement for the maintenance and recovery of the body. To evaluate the effectiveness of parenteral nutrition solutions in horses that developed hyperlipidemia during hospitalization were evaluated 14 horses treated for various diseases and who had serum triglycerides (TG) above 150mg/dl. The same were divided into two groups: control group (G1), without interference from management and treatment group (G2), which received partial parenteral nutrition without lipids. Such solutions were composed of 50% glucose, 10% amino acid, trace elements, electrolytes and vitamin and were infused until resolution of hyperlipidemia. The animals of both groups were monitored daily in relation to blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. The median reduction in TG G1 was 209.2 ± 131.9 hours and G2 was 34.9 ± 41.8 hours, with no statistical difference between them. Cholesterol values did not follow the elevation of TG. In relation to weight loss and body score, both groups decreased during hospitalization, with no statistical difference between them. No animals developed hyperlipidemia G2, unlike the G1, in which five horses had, at some time in hospital, triglycerides greater than 500mg/dl. Although other criteria should be used to select patients in need of such treatment primarily due to cost and the need for constant monitoring, it is concluded that parenteral nutrition is a rapid and reliable method for the prevention of hyperlipemia with hyperlipidemia in horses during the hospitalization for other diseases.
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Sandin, Andreas. "Studies of gastrin and gastric secretion in the horse /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5908-7.pdf.

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Santos, Caroline da Silva. "Comportamento ingestivo de éguas com potro ao pé e garanhões da raça crioula em campo nativo do bioma pampa." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/128885.

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O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o comportamento ingestivo de equinos em pastagem natural. O experimento foi realizado no município de Sant’Ana do Livramento/RS, na região fisiográfica do Bioma Pampa, realizado durante o período de março a abril de 2013 na CabanhaYvituhatã.Oexperimento foi realizado em três potreiros de campo nativo, com medições das variáveis do pasto no início, no meio e no fim do experimento, emárea habitada por ovinos, bovinos e equinos. Foi utilizado três potreiros, ondeobservou-se os animais agrupados por manadas, fora da temporada reprodutiva, durante 12 horas diárias, com duas repetições por animal por potreiro, sendo estes animais compostos portrês garanhões, três éguas com potro de um mês e outras três éguas com potro de três meses. Dois observadores fizeram as coletas de simulações de bocados dos animais por potreiro observado, com medições das medidas do pasto com stick realizandoregistros comportamentais a cada cinco minutos das suas respectivas atividades, analisou-seo tempo diário dos animais pastejando nos estratos baixo, médio e alto do pasto. Também se registrou o deslocamento dos animais,seu tempo em ócio, tempo no cocho de sal e noconsumo de água. Não houve diferenças significativas entre as distintas categorias no tempo dedicado ao pastejo. Os animais tiveram preferência por pasto de melhor qualidade nutricional. Os potros, de um mês e de três meses, mamavam com a mesma intensidade. Não foram observadas diferenças entre as categorias animais, com relação a taxa de bocados por minuto.
The present study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior of horses under native grassland. The experiment was conducted in Santana do Livramento/RS, in the physiography region of biome Pampa, conducted during the period of March-April 2013 in the Cabanha Yvituhatã. The experiment was conducted in three paddocks of native grassland, with measurement of the variables of the pasture at the beginning, middle and end of the experiment in area inhabited by sheep, cattle and horses. Three paddocks were utilized, where the animals were observed in herd, out of reproduction time, during 12 hours daily, with two replicates for each animal and each paddock, being these animals composed of three stallions, three mares with foal of a month and three other mares with foal of three months. Two observers did the collect that simulates the animals bite in each paddock observed, measuring the pasture with stick and making registers of the animal behavior every 5 minutes. The daily time of animal grazing in low, médium and high extract was analyzed. It was also observed the animals steps, idling time, time in the trough of salt and the water consumption. There were no significant differences in the grazing time between the distinct categories of animals. The animals had preference for pasture of better nutritional quality. The foals, of 1 month and 3 months, suckled with the same intensity. No differences between animal categories were observed when the rate of bites per minute was compared.
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Books on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Worth, Melyni. The horse nutrition handbook. North Adams, MA: Storey Pub., 2010.

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Arno, Lindner, ed. Applied equine nutrition: Equine Nutrition Conference (ENUCO) 2005. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2005.

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Horse nutrition and feeding. Oxford [England]: Blackwell Science, 1992.

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Horse feeding and nutrition. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 1991.

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Equine nutrition and feeding. London: Longman, 1986.

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Frape, David L. Equine nutrition and feeding. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 1998.

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Equine nutrition and feeding. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1998.

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Frape, David. Equine nutrition and feeding. Harlow: Longman Scientific & Technical, 1986.

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Nutrient requirements of horses. 5th ed. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1989.

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Pavia, Audrey. Horse Health & Nutrition For Dummies. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Martin-Rosset, William, and Lucile Martin. "Chapter 1. Nutritional principles for horses." In Equine nutrition, 23–96. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-855-1_1.

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Fleurance, Geraldine, William Martin-Rosset, Bertrand Dumont, Patrick Duncan, Anne Farrugia, and Thierry Lecomte. "Chapter 14. Environmental impact of horses." In Equine nutrition, 481–504. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-855-1_14.

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Jansson, A. "How to feed sport horses with roughage only." In Applied equine nutrition and training, 11–22. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-818-6_1.

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de Oliveira, K., D. F. Fachiolli, M. J. Watanabe, D. Tsuzukibashi, C. M. M. Bittar, C. Costa, M. L. Poiatti, and P. R. de L. Meirelles. "Dimethylglycine supplementation in horses performing incremental treadmill exercise." In Applied equine nutrition and training, 95–104. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-818-6_8.

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Harris, Pat. "How can we practically manage obese horses and ponies?" In Applied equine nutrition and training, 71–90. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-740-0_6.

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Monot, J., N. Priymenko, and B. Hampson. "Acclimatisation of horses to a novel feeding system." In Forages and grazing in horse nutrition, 191–94. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-755-4_22.

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Vial, C., G. Bigot, B. Morhain, and W. Martin-Rosset. "Territories and grassland exploitation by horses in France." In Forages and grazing in horse nutrition, 467–80. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-755-4_64.

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Padilha, F. Gomes Ferreira, A. C. Tavares Miranda, A. Machado de Andrade, F. Queiroz de Almeida, and A. M. Reis Ferreira. "Effect of training for eventing on young Brazilian Sport Horses." In Applied equine nutrition and training, 119–24. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-818-6_11.

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Saastamoinen, M. T., and M. Hellämäki. "Forage analyses as a base of feeding of horses." In Forages and grazing in horse nutrition, 305–14. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-755-4_37.

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Gobesso, A. A. O., R. Françoso, R. A. D. Toledo, T. N. Centini, I. V. F. Gonzaga, P. C. N. Gil, and F. Baldi. "Evaluation of body condition score in horses by ultrasonography." In Forages and grazing in horse nutrition, 387–90. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-755-4_55.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Miranda, A. C. T., D. M. Ramos, F. N. Godoi, F. G. F. Padilha, G. C. Peixoto, A. Galina, and F. Q. Almeida. "Muscular mitochondrial respirometry in training horses." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_102.

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Ramos, M. T., S. Julliand, C. A. A. Oliveira, F. N. Godoi, V. Julliand, and F. Q. Almeida. "Oxygen uptake evaluation in eventing horses at field tests." In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_136.

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Reports on the topic "Nutrition of horses"

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Ivanov, R. V., U. V. Khompodoeva, and M. N. Slobodchikova. Influence of the nutritional value of seeded and natural grass stands on the supply of metabolic energy and nutrients in the body of the horses of the Yakut breed in winter. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Иркутский государственный аграрный университет им. А.А. Ежевского, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/vestnikirgska.2018.5.114121rus.

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